A kind of sulfur recovery facility suitable in big operating flexibility and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for expand sulphur recovery operating flexibility sulfur recovery facility and method.
Background technology
With Claus method from containing H2The technique reclaiming elementary sulfur in S-acid gas has become an important recovery technology of sulfur technology of natural gas processing, refinery and coal chemical technology.
In recent decades, along with the successful research and development of the progress of Technology and new catalyst, Claus sulfur recovery technique obtains quick development, and the Crouse's recovery technology of sulfur technology after improvement develops towards the direction improving sulfur recovery rate.The response rate from initial 90% till now more than 99.5%, has arrived summit based on the recovery technology of sulfur of Crouse's method in the technical development improving sulfur recovery rate.
But, operating flexibility for sulfur recovery facility, being subject to the restriction of capital equipment operating load range and equipment and pipe temperature, the operating flexibility of its device is 30%-120% all the time, and sulfur recovery facility operates under high sour gas load and is better than under low sour gas load to operate.
For the restraining factors of capital equipment operating load range, it is mainly manifested in the restriction of the not wide in range operating flexibility of main burning furnace burner itself.But it is as the development of technology, in recent years, domestic and international manufacturer is (such as external Duiker, Aeco, domestic Ai Pu etc.) breach the lower limit bottleneck of burner 1:3 (minimum burning load about 33%), successfully the working range of burner has been risen to maximum 1:10 (minimum load 10%).The development of this technology, is conducive to burner itself to adapt to the excursion of wider range of sour gas load.
But especially desirable it is emphasised that, for operating sulfur recovery facility under low sour gas load, main burning furnace burner achieves (minimum load 10%) steady operation under underload can't make whole sulfur recovery facility realize (minimum load 10%) steady operation under underload acid gas, and main cause still is limited to the temperature in reactor and Process Gas pipeline.
It is known that overwhelming majority recovery technology of sulfur and the recovery technology of sulfur improved later, all it be unable to do without claus catalytic reaction device, and catalytic reactor inlet temperature requires.Conventional Claus inlet temperature is determined according to outlet temperature, needing outlet temperature to meet higher than the sulfur dew point in reactor, usual such restrictive condition makes conventional Claus reactor (i.e. the 1st grade of claus reaction device) inlet temperature need more than 230 DEG C.LT claus reaction device inlet temperature needs to be higher than the freezing point (114~116 DEG C) of sulfur, generally needs to ensure more than 125 DEG C in engineering.It addition, for the temperature in sulfur recovery facility Process Gas pipeline, also require that and be above more than sulfur freezing point.Often when the relatively low operation of sour gas load, the temperature of these reactors and pipeline is difficult to keep meeting the requirement being above sulfur freezing point, cause when sulfur recovery facility runs under relatively low sour gas load, the phenomenon that generation equipment or pipeline are blocked by solid sulfur, causes the device can not continuous and steady operation.
On the other hand, for the sulfur recovery facility in refinery or other chemical plant, sour gas load change frequently, amplitude of variation greatly, excursion width;Also require that the sulfur recovery facility run in these fields has more wide in range operating flexibility, even require can run continuously under 10%-120% sour gas load.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming overcoming prior art, the invention provides a kind of sulfur recovery facility suitable in big operating flexibility and method, adopt the steam pressure can the waste heat reclaiming process of on-line tuning, Process Gas flow-control technologic improvement technology, it is achieved tradition sulfur recovery facility 30%-120% operating flexibility is expanded to 10%-120%.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of sulfur recovery facility suitable in big operating flexibility, including main burning furnace, waste heat boiler, one-level sulphur condensation cooler and one-level claus reaction device, wherein: described waste heat boiler top arranges pipeline 1 and pipeline 2, it is connected with low-pressure saturated steam house steward and middle pressure saturated vapor house steward respectively, pipeline 1 and pipeline 2 are provided with pressure control valve;The low-temperature outlet of described waste heat boiler is connected with the import of one-level sulphur condensation cooler, and the outlet of one-level sulphur condensation cooler is connected with regulating valve by pipeline 3;Arrange high temperature blending valve at the hot outlet place of described waste heat boiler, the import of high temperature blending valve is connected with regulating valve, and the outlet of high temperature blending valve is connected by the import of pipeline 4 with one-level claus reaction device.
Present invention also offers a kind of sulfur recovery method suitable in big operating flexibility, when sour gas load is more than 30%, utilize the pressure control valve of pipeline 1, waste heat boiler is made to produce low-pressure saturated steam, make waste heat boiler low-temperature outlet temperature at 300~330 DEG C, and adjusting the aperture of high temperature blending valve so that pipeline 4 enters the temperature of claus reaction device and controls more than 230 DEG C, and now manual standard-sized sheet put by the adjustment valve on pipeline 3;
When sour gas load is 10%~30%, adjustment valve on pipeline 3 is put and automatically controls, by automatically reducing the aperture regulating valve, increase the tolerance flowing through waste heat boiler top heat exchanger tube, reduce the tolerance flowing through waste heat boiler bottom heat exchanger tube so that pipeline 4 enters the temperature of claus reaction device and controls more than 230 DEG C simultaneously;If pipeline 4 enters the temperature of claus reaction device when can not reach more than 230 DEG C, utilize the pressure control valve of pipeline 2, pressure saturated vapor in making waste heat boiler produce, and by automatically adjusting high temperature blending valve and regulating the aperture of valve simultaneously so that pipeline 4 enters the temperature of claus reaction device and controls more than 230 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that
(1) present invention can be effectively improved tradition sulfur recovery facility operating flexibility (30%~120%) to 10%~120%, refinery's upstream and downstream device and sulfur recovery facility are resisted, and significantly load variations ability is higher, it is ensured that factory's long period continuous and steady operation.
(2) steam pressure of the present invention waste heat reclaiming process of on-line tuning can not only realize guarantee Process Gas temperature at low load, and can also by switching steam pressure grade when properly functioning, to adapt to the needs of full factory pipe network difference steam pressure.
(3) the adjustment valve of the chuck in Process Gas flow-control technique and high temperature blending valve take same point temperature signal, and realize Staged cotrol, realize being automatically adjusted (when particularly load significantly reduces) when load changes and being effectively ensured the temperature of Process Gas requirement with the means of Automatic adjusument.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of sulfur recovery facility suitable in big operating flexibility, as it is shown in figure 1, include: main burning furnace 5, waste heat boiler 6, one-level sulphur condensation cooler 7, one-level claus reaction device 8 etc., wherein:
Waste heat boiler 6 top arranges pipeline 1 and pipeline 2, is connected with low-pressure saturated steam house steward and middle pressure saturated vapor house steward respectively, is provided with pressure control valve on pipeline 1 and pipeline 2;The low-temperature outlet of waste heat boiler 6 is connected with the import of one-level sulphur condensation cooler 7, and the outlet of one-level sulphur condensation cooler 7 is connected with regulating valve 10 by pipeline 3;The hot outlet place of waste heat boiler 6 arranges high temperature blending valve 9, and the import of high temperature blending valve 9 is connected with regulating valve 10, and the outlet of high temperature blending valve 9 is connected by the import of pipeline 4 with one-level claus reaction device 8.
Present invention also offers a kind of sulfur recovery method suitable in big operating flexibility, comprise the steps:
1st step, enters main burning furnace 5 carry out combustion reaction from the acid gas of upstream and the air of blower fan supply, produce pyroprocess gas.
2nd step, when sour gas load is higher (usual more than 30%), utilize pipeline 1 and pressure control valve above, waste heat boiler is made to produce the low-pressure saturated steam of 0.4~0.6MPa (g), make waste heat boiler 6 low-temperature outlet temperature at 300~330 DEG C, and adjust the aperture of high temperature blending valve 9 so that pipeline 4 enters the temperature of claus reaction device 8 and controls more than 230 DEG C, now manual standard-sized sheet put by the adjustment valve 10 on pipeline 3, and do not enable and automatically control.
3rd step, when sour gas load is relatively low (10%~30%), first the adjustment valve 10 on pipeline 3 is put and automatically control, by reducing the aperture of this valve, increase the tolerance flowing through waste heat boiler 6 top heat exchanger tube 11, reduce the tolerance flowing through waste heat boiler bottom heat exchanger tube 12 simultaneously, thus adjust pipeline 4 and enter the temperature of claus reaction device, so as to more than 230 DEG C, it is ensured that sulfur recovery facility is properly functioning under low sour gas load;
If the temperature that pipeline 4 enters claus reaction device still can not be made to control more than 230 DEG C by reducing the aperture regulating valve 10, then utilize pipeline 2 and pressure control valve above, waste heat boiler 6 is made to produce the middle pressure saturated vapor of 3.4~4.0MPa (g), and by automatically adjusting high temperature blending valve 9 and regulating the aperture of valve 10 simultaneously so that pipeline 4 enters the temperature of claus reaction device and controls more than 230 DEG C.
It is above sulfur recovery facility when load variations, in order to enable devices to the load variations adapted to by a relatively large margin, also ensure a series of adaptive control method and process that device also can properly functioning carry out under underload (minimum 10%) acid gas simultaneously.
The operation principle of the present invention is:
The present invention is mainly made up of following 2 kinds of technology optimized and improve:
1) steam pressure can the waste heat reclaiming process of on-line tuning:
The equipment that sulfur recovery main combustion chamber connects below is generally waste heat boiler, is used for reclaiming the heat of the Process Gas of main burning furnace high temperature and produce steam outer defeated.In tradition recovery technology of sulfur, this equipment is only capable of producing the steam of a kind of pressure, and after having designed, waste heat boiler Process Gas outlet temperature is relevant with regard to the acid gas amount (sour gas load) only processed with sulfur recovery facility.The problem typically encountered is to design this waste heat boiler under 100% sour gas load operating mode, but when actual motion runs into low sour gas load, this waste heat boiler Process Gas outlet temperature will be less than design load, and now Process Gas outlet temperature is likely to too low to such an extent as to causes follow-up equipment and pipe temperature to block lower than sulfur freezing point.
The steam pressure of the present invention can the waste heat reclaiming process of on-line tuning, be become to produce at least 2 kinds of different pressures steam by Waste Heat Boiler Design.Usual a kind is the middle pressure saturated vapor of the low-pressure saturated steam of 0.4~0.6MPa (g) and another a kind of 3.4~4.0MPa (g).The temperature of tube side exit procedure gas is controlled by the vapor (steam) temperature of waste heat boiler shell side.When low sour gas load, the steam pressure that waste heat boiler produces can be improved, thus improving the temperature of tube side exit procedure gas, so that the temperature of follow-up equipment and pipeline is unlikely to be low to moderate sulfur freezing point (114~116 DEG C).In this process, the design pressure of waste heat boiler and corresponding jet chimney and valve is according to most vapor pressure design, so that ensure will not superpressure when switching.
2) Process Gas flow-control technique:
For adopting the Sulfur Recovery Procedure Gas reheating technological process of high temperature blending valve technique, waste heat boiler tube side is usually designed to the heat exchanger tube of upper and lower two kinds of different sizes, the outlet of corresponding tube side is two outlet (hot outlet, outlet temperature is 550~650 DEG C, another is low-temperature outlet, and outlet temperature is 300~330 DEG C).But when sulfur recovery facility is in underrun, the temperature of hot outlet and low-temperature outlet all can reduce accordingly, the temperature ultimately resulting in high temperature blending valve outlet port is unable to reach the inlet temperature needed for claus reaction device.
The Process Gas flow-control technique of the present invention is to arrange an automatic regulating valve 10 (steam jacket formula to prevent sulfur solidify) on the Process Gas outlet line of first order sulphur condensation cooler 7, regulates the Process Gas circulation by waste heat boiler bottom tube side by controlling the aperture of this valve.When sulfur recovery facility is when underrun, turn down this valve, reduce the Process Gas flow by waste heat boiler bottom tube side, increase the Process Gas flow by waste heat boiler top tube side, thus improving the Process Gas temperature of high temperature blending valve outlet port, so that next stage equipment (being generally claus reaction device) inlet temperature meets reaction requirement.