CN105765734A - 用于将太阳光或人造光转化成电能的led模块以及制造该led模块的方法 - Google Patents

用于将太阳光或人造光转化成电能的led模块以及制造该led模块的方法 Download PDF

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CN105765734A
CN105765734A CN201480064410.0A CN201480064410A CN105765734A CN 105765734 A CN105765734 A CN 105765734A CN 201480064410 A CN201480064410 A CN 201480064410A CN 105765734 A CN105765734 A CN 105765734A
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diffusion
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A·恰卡奇洛尼
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Abstract

一种发光二极管模块，其用于将太阳光或人造光转化成电能，所述发光二极管包括：基底LED(E1s；E1p)的阵列，其串联连接成行，并随后借助于通向输出线路的分支并联连接到一起，在所述输出线路上配有用于将通过照射生成的直流电流转化成供应至电网的交流电流的逆变器(5)。安装在每个所述基底LED(E1s；E1p)上的是多个堆叠的LED(E2s…Ens；E2p…Enp)，由此形成被电连接到一起的LED堆(E1s...Ens；E1p...Enp)。

Description

用于将太阳光或人造光转化成电能的LED模块以及制造该LED模块的方法
本发明涉及发光二极管(LED)模块，其用于将太阳光或人造光转化成电。此外，本发明涉及用于制造所述模块的方法。
已公知的是，LED(其天然为光发射器)能够作为太阳能电池，然而因为其尺寸相较于光伏电池的尺寸而言较小并因此具有较低的效率。出于这一原因，过去LED被用作光传感器而不是用作光伏电池。事实上，如果将少量LED置于模块中，这些LED并不能给出可观的电产量，这是因为每个LED在生成电流方面的效率是非常低的。但是与通常预期的结果相反的是，如果并联地布置大量LED序列，则每个序列的每一行都可实现确定LED点火(ignition)并因此实现由电流引起的、光能的向外发射的峰值电流。
属于同一发明人的先前的专利申请RM2011A000439和PCT/IT2013/000187描述了用于将太阳光或人造光转化成电能的发光二极管光伏模块，其包括：半导体转化元件的阵列，所述半导体转化元件是成行布置的LED，串联电连接并且在每一行中分成多个组，这些组通过能够限制能够点火连续组中的LED的电流峰值的设备彼此分隔。这些LED行在其端部处通过通向用于收集被提供至电网的电力的输出线路的分支来并联连接在彼此之间。
然而，如果与被宣称为在以上引用的意大利专利申请中令人满意的假定产量相比较，测试的结果表明，该产量不能够通过以下类型的面板实现，即配备有被成行布置的LED的阵列并因此仅具有二维的布置方式的面板。事实上，尽管上述发明的目的是提供一种具有大量LED的光伏模块，然而借助于此类二维的布置方式所实现的LED密度，即每单位表面积上的LED的数量不足以产生出可比得上相同表面积的传统光伏面板所产生能量的数量。
出于这一原因，本发明要解决的技术任务在于提出一种能够克服现有技术中的上述缺陷的发光二极管模块。
特别地，本发明的目的是提供一种模块，其能够供应比通过上述专利申请中所描述类型的LED面板所获得的大得多的电能的量。
本发明的另一目的是允许以一种简单且快捷的方式制造具有期望的LED密度的LED模块。
就本发明的第一方面而言，上述技术任务和规定的目标通过一种发光二极管(LED)模块基本实现，该LED模块包括：LED阵列，其中的LED串联连接成行，随后借助于通向输出逆变器的分支并联连接，其中在所述LED阵列中的每个LED之上安装有多个LED，所述多个LED被堆叠以形成电连接到一起的LED堆，如权利要求1至9中所限定的。
就本发明的第二方面而言，根据权利要求10描述了一种用于制造LED模块的过程。
根据对LED模块优选而非排他性的实施方式(如附图所示)的陈述性的并因此非限制性的描述，本发明的其他技术特征和优势将更加清楚，其中：
图1是根据本发明的LED模块的光敏电池的放大尺寸的示意性透视图；
图2是图1中的光敏电池的示意性顶视图；
图3是图1中的光敏电池的侧视图，其中增加了该光敏电池的组件；
图4是图1中的光敏电池的柱形元件顶端部分详细的部分透视图；
图5是图1中的光敏电池的柱形元件基底部分详细的部分透视图；
图6是图1中的光敏电池的多个串联连接的LED的部分电路示意图；
图7是图1中的光敏电池的多个并联连接的LED的部分电路示意图；
图8是图6中的、形成柱形元件的多个串联连接的LED的示意图；以及
图9是图7中的、形成柱形元件的多个并联连接的LED的部分示意图。
首先参考图1，该附图是根据本发明的作为LED模块一部分的光敏电池的放大尺寸的示意性透视图。通过举例说明的方式，该光敏电池包括由印刷电路板1形成的基底；印刷电路板1具有大约4cm2的正方形形状。安装在印刷电路板1上的是发光二极管(LED)阵列，以下称之为基底LED，这些基底LED的引脚在图5的部分透视图中被标识为+和－，所述LED阵列串联连接成行，这些行随后借助于通向输出线路的分支并联连接到一起。这种布置方式(未示出)由专利申请RM2011A000439已知，该专利申请并入本文作为参考文献。通常被称为E1的是与印刷电路板1相接触的基底LED阵列的LED。根据本发明，安装在每个基底LEDE1上的是重叠以便形成被电连接到一起的LED堆的多个LED。叠加在基底LEDE1上的每个堆中的每个LED能够连接到基底LEDE1，在图6和7中，如果该连接是串联的，则基底LEDE1被标识为E1s，并且如果该连接是并联的，则基底LEDE1被标识为E1p。在作为堆的多个(n个)LED的部分电路示意图的附图中，被顺次串联连接的、标识为E1s...Ens的LED是串联连接的LED，而被顺次并联连接的、标识为E1p...Enp的LED是并联连接的LED。根据本发明，由LED串联或并联连接而成的LED堆捕获光能，特别是太阳光能。
在图8和9(其为根据图6和图7分别串联和并联连接的多个LED的部分示意图)中示出的分别是五个串联连接的LED(E1s、E2s、E3s、E4s和E5s)以及五个并联连接的LED(E1p、E2p、E3p、E4p和E5p)，这些LED形成被整体标识为2s和2p的柱形元件，这是因为这些LED的电路组件及其连接部被装入具有高阻抗的第一透明塑料材料的覆盖物3(coating)中。
柱形元件(其在图1中一般被标识为2)安装在印刷电路板1上。在图2(其为图1中的光敏电池的示意性顶视图)中示出的是光敏电池的柱形元件2，该柱形元件2优选的截面形状是椭圆形。优选地，椭圆形部分的长轴为1.95mm长，而短轴为1.2mm长。柱形元件的高度为30mm。
如在图4中详细示出的，其为图1和图2的光敏电池的柱形元件2顶端部分的部分透视图，每个柱形元件的端部在顶端处具有朝上的凹面。被标识为4的凹面允许太阳能传到柱形元件上，以便照射到被装入第一塑料材料内的堆中的所有LED。这些LED的发光受益于塑料材料的透明性。
如上所述，每个柱形元件2与印刷电路板1相关联，该印刷电路板1对于模块的柱形元件而言是共用的。印刷电路板1(其允许每个柱形元件的LED堆的电连接)具有底部，在该底部中装入逆变器5，用于将通过照射产生的直流电流转化成被供应至电网的交流电流。这在图3中示出，图3为图1中的光敏电池的侧视图。附加到光敏电池上的是由铝框架6和具有相关垫片(未示出)的钢化玻璃片7制作的保护套。
在保护套内部，LED模块的光敏电池的柱形元件2被装入具有高导热性能的第二透明塑料材料8中，以便能够作为太阳能板。该塑料材料优选为环氧树脂。
根据本发明的LED模块的制造方法，用于将太阳光或人造光转化成电能，该制造方法包括以下描述的步骤。
制造借助于从顶端LED到基底LED的两个导体被串联或并联电连接的多个LED堆，所述基底LED配备有两个引脚。每个LED堆都被装入第一高阻抗透明塑料材料的覆盖物3中，从而形成柱形元件2，该柱形元件2在顶端处以朝上的凹面4作为其端部，而朝下则以基底LED的+和－引脚作为其端部，所述+和－引脚从塑料覆盖物3突出出来。多个基底LED的引脚连到印刷电路板1，并且串联连接成行，这些行随后又借助于通向输出线路的分支并联连接到一起，在所述印刷电路板1上配有逆变器5，用于将通过照射生成的直流电流转化成要供应至电网的交流电流。逆变器5优选地被内嵌到印刷电路板1中。因此，多个柱形元件2以用于形成紧凑的太阳能板的方式装入第二高传导性透明塑料材料8，该太阳能板安装在具有保护性垫片的铝框架6上并且由钢化玻璃片7覆盖。
为了提供与根据本发明的LED模块的产量相关的宽泛指标(broadindication)，已经计算出的是从每个柱形元件获得0.0025W的功率，因为在1m2面板中的元件的数量为425530个，则1m2面板产生的总功率大约为1063W。假设系统损耗为10％，则1m2面板产生的净功率大约为956W。
根据本发明的LED模块的优势有很多并且是显而易见的：无硅；提高了使用所述模块的电厂的使用年限；捕获太阳能辐射的能力高；能以任何相对于太阳的定向来安装；形状和尺寸的多样性；与传统光伏技术类似的成本；无需特定的处置成本；降低了安装成本；逆变器存在于模块中。
很显然，相较于传统硅半导体光伏板而言，主要的优势是在表面积较小的情况下，产生的能量是相同的。事实上，使用LED模块允许通过堆叠大量LED使得吸收太阳光的层增加。位于下方的层仅仅受到其上方的层的影响，这是因为太阳光穿过本发明中提供的透明塑料材料的覆盖物。

Claims (10)

1.一种LED模块，其用于将太阳光或人造光转化成电能，所述LED模块包括：基底发光二极管(LED)(E1s；E1p)的阵列，其串联连接成行并随后借助于通向输出线路的分支并联连接到一起，在所述输出线路上配有用于将通过照射生成的直流电流转化成供应至电网的交流电流的逆变器(5)，其特征在于，安装在每个所述基底LED(E1s；E1p)上的是多个堆叠的LED(E2s...Ens；E2p...Enp)，由此形成被电连接到一起的LED堆(E1s...Ens；E1p...Enp)。
2.如权利要求1所述的模块，其特征在于，所述堆中的LED(E1s...Ens)串联连接在一起。
3.如权利要求1所述的模块，其特征在于，所述堆中的LED(E1p...Enp)并联连接在一起。
4.如权利要求1所述的模块，其特征在于，每个LED堆被装入第一高阻抗透明塑料材料(3)，由此形成柱形元件(2)。
5.如权利要求4所述的模块，其特征在于，所述柱形元件(2)具有椭圆形的截面。
6.如权利要求4所述的模块，其特征在于，每个柱形元件(2)在顶端处以朝上的凹面(4)作为端部。
7.如权利要求4所述的模块，其特征在于，每个柱形元件(2)与印刷电路板(1)相关联，所述印刷电路板(1)对于所述模块的柱形元件(2)而言是共用的，所述印刷电路板(1)具有底部，所述逆变器(5)装入所述底部。
8.如权利要求7所述的模块，其特征在于，所述模块的柱形元件(2)以用于形成太阳能板的方式装入第二高传导性透明塑料材料(8)。
9.如权利要求8所述的模块，其特征在于，所述太阳能板安装在铝框架(6)上并且以钢化玻璃片(7)覆盖。
10.一种用于制造发光二极管(LED)模块的方法，所述发光二极管模块用于将太阳光或人造光转化成电能，所述方法包括以下步骤：
-制造借助于从顶端LED到配备有两个引脚(+和－)的基底LED的两个导体彼此间串联或并联电连接的多个LED堆(E1s...Ens；E1p...Enp)；
-每个LED堆(E1s...Ens；E1p...Enp)都被装入第一高阻抗透明塑料材料(3)中，从而形成柱形元件(2)，所述柱形元件(2)在顶端处以朝上的凹面(4)作为端部，所述基底LED(E1s；E1p)的引脚(+和－)朝下从所述第一塑料材料(3)突出出来；
-将多个串联连接的所述基底LED(E1s；E1p)的引脚(+和－)合并到印刷电路板(1)以形成基底行，随后借助于通向用于逆变器(5)的输出线路的分支被并联连接到一起，所述逆变器(5)用于将通过照射连续产生的电流转化成被供应至电网的交流电流；
-将多个所述柱形元件(2)以用于形成太阳能板的方式装入第二高传导性透明塑料材料(8)；
-将所述逆变器提供到在所述太阳能板的相对侧面上的印刷电路板(1)中；以及
-将所述太阳能板安装到具有保护性垫片的铝框架(6)上并且用钢化玻璃片(7)覆盖所述太阳能板。
CN201480064410.0A 2013-10-04 2014-10-01 用于将太阳光或人造光转化成电能的led模块以及制造该led模块的方法 Pending CN105765734A (zh)

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ITRM20110439A1 (it) * 2011-08-11 2013-02-12 Alfredo Chiacchieroni Deposito brevetto d'invenzione dal titolo "modulo fotovoltaico a diodi a emissione luminosa"
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