CN105765193B - Exhaust stream mixer - Google Patents

Exhaust stream mixer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105765193B
CN105765193B CN201480064128.2A CN201480064128A CN105765193B CN 105765193 B CN105765193 B CN 105765193B CN 201480064128 A CN201480064128 A CN 201480064128A CN 105765193 B CN105765193 B CN 105765193B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
mixer
shell
apertures
hybrid element
hybrid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201480064128.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN105765193A (en
Inventor
马诺伊·K·桑帕斯
兰加恩·查克拉瓦蒂
詹姆斯·多尔蒂
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Tenneco Automotive Operating Co Inc
Original Assignee
Tenneco Automotive Operating Co Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US14/089,822 external-priority patent/US9095827B2/en
Application filed by Tenneco Automotive Operating Co Inc filed Critical Tenneco Automotive Operating Co Inc
Publication of CN105765193A publication Critical patent/CN105765193A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105765193B publication Critical patent/CN105765193B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4315—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material
    • B01F25/43151—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material composed of consecutive sections of deformed flat pieces of material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3141—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4315—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431974—Support members, e.g. tubular collars, with projecting baffles fitted inside the mixing tube or adjacent to the inner wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

A kind of to be used to the mixer that exhaust stream is mixed with the fluid being injected into exhaust pipe include tubular shell, which has the center portion of the reduction size of positioning between the first and second end.The shell includes across circumferentially spaced multiple apertures that the center portion extends.First hybrid element includes the first peripheral portion in an aperture being located in these apertures and the second peripheral portion in another aperture being located in these apertures.Second hybrid element includes the third peripheral portion being located in other apertures of the shell and 4th week rim portion.

Description

Exhaust stream mixer
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method using mixer and it is related to mixer itself.
Background technology
From several single-stage mixers known in the state of the art of most tight association.
In 10 2,006 024 778 B3 of DE, a kind of mixer is described, provides for the mixer and draws for flowing The wall construction for leading surface has been substantially filled with the profile of shell and relatively high dynamic pressure is therefore caused to lose.The wall knot If structure is being parallel to made of the flow direction alignment wavy stripping of dried layer.These single layers are respectively transverse to flowing side To extend and self ground be stacked into transverse to flow direction alignment.Here, the stripping in these single layers is dumped It is stacked on the top of its own, mode is to form multiple cells between the stripping of adjacent layer, multiple Cell respectively can be flowed through accordingly in the flowing direction.
Beside round ripple, there is also provided, the ripple of stripping is designed with rectangle or trapezoidal form, As a result, it is possible to obtain the profile for these individual unit lattice, these profiles are rectangle or hexagon or have a honeycomb Shape.Stripping forms support element, and multiple flowing lead schedule in couples as mixing fin are formd on the support element Face.For this purpose, the support element alternately include with mixing fin region and it is coupled without mix fin Region so that a mixing fin extends into each cell.
In 20 2,006 017 848 U1 of DE, a kind of device for carrying out mixing exhaust is described, wherein by quilt Arrange the fin unit constituted for the fin directly mutually followed that exhaust is caused to mix.These fin units are transverse to flowing side It is neighbouring to each other and front and back each other in the flowing direction arrange.These fins are connected to each other directly with not having support element, And it is arranged relative to central plane mirror symmetry.
10 2,005 059 971 A1 of DE describe a kind of for making fluid and the big gas flow in inflow gas channel Stream mixed, the device particularly for being added to reducing agent in the exhaust comprising nitrogen oxides.For this purpose, having used spray Mouth spray gun, the nozzle spray gun have the nozzle for delivering fluid, the flow direction of the axis and gas flow stream of the nozzle spray gun Form angle.Nozzle is assigned the flat mixer element with gap, the flat mixer element and gas flow stream Flow direction forms angle.Multiple flowing whirlpools are formd on mixer element, and a part at least fluid enters These flowing whirlpools.The formation of coating in order to prevent, is provided, and when liquid is used as fluid, nozzle spray gun is equipped with At least two atomizer nozzles, these atomizer nozzles are tilted to the flow direction of gas flow stream and court in the opposite direction To each other.Atomizer nozzle is assigned to disc type mixer element so that the gaseous parts of evaporation and unevaporated drop portion The separation divided is possible.
10 2,006 043 225 A1 of DE describe a kind of exhaust equipment for burning machine, which has Guide the exhaust line of exhaust and for injecting liquid into the injection device in exhaust line.In the downstream of injection device, Evaporation element is arranged in exhaust line and causes the improvement evaporation of the liquid of injection, which is included in exhaust At least one tubulose plate body extended on the longitudinal direction of pipeline.In addition, being provided with spring clamping device, the spring clip Device attaches vaporising device or is taken up in exhaust line and leaned against on the exhaust line.
As the prior art of most tight association, a kind of exhaust system is described in 10 2,005 052 064 A1 of DE, The exhaust system has the injection device for reducing agent, wherein in injection device arranged downstream including at least one wall Plate body, at least one wall extend on the longitudinal direction of exhaust line and are exposed to exhaust stream on both sides.Reducing agent quilt It is sprayed onto on wall at least partly, liquid reducer is caused to be changed into mist state or gaseous state.
Invention content
The theory of the present invention is to provide a kind of method, and this method increases the mixed of exhaust and fluid according to the shape of exhaust pipe Conjunction degree.
Solution is a kind of method for mixing exhaust stream with fluid in the exhaust pipe of exhaust system, In, fluid is injected by injection device in exhaust pipe, it is characterized in that the following methods stage：
A) in exhaust pipe, the exhaust stream is guided in the region of injection device, in the flow direction for being parallel to exhaust pipe,
B) row of being arranged at directly is injected fluid on the central injection direction deviateed with angle se and flow direction On deflecting element in tracheae,
C) by be arranged on deflecting element and raised at least partly with angle sv about flow direction at least one A piece metal parts is redirect to from its flow direction on central authorities direction with making exhaust gas portion about flow direction,
D) make fluid be passed through on distribution direction by exhaust stream at least partly before and after ballistic throw element to turn To part carry, and the piece metal parts raised redirect to distribution direction on.Herein, it is necessary that exhaust stream is mixed It is redirect on distribution direction by piece metal parts before clutch, significantly deviates with flow direction.It can for the direction and fluid Angle se between the direction injected can change between 270 ° and 360 ° herein.
As a result, the fluid injected on side be transmitted on center position and on the entire profile of exhaust pipe, And it therefore impingement mix device and then can be mixed with exhaust stream on the entire profile of mixer.Even when due to peace When dress space makes exhaust pipe not and is straight but curved, when fluid direction of motion can be deflected element relative to exhaust pipe into Journey is advantageous when influencing.
One further theory is, fluid at least partly Ground shock waves about injection direction be arranged at piece metal parts it Preceding revision board and experience is redirect on flow direction and then by at least one hybrid element at least partly Static mixer redirect on several hybrid directionals and therefore further mixing.These revision boards are substantially arranged to It is parallel to piece metal parts above piece metal parts, is distributed on the side of the injection fluid of the piece metal parts.Work as fluid When the other part of stream is redirect to from injection direction on flow direction via revision board before reaching piece metal parts, stream Distribution of the body before mixer can increase.
Advantageously, raising for piece metal parts is realized by means of several fins, these fins are arranged on piece gold Belong to and being raised on part, with identical or different angle sv, wherein angle sv is between 0 ° and 85 °.It is raised due to these fins The fact, piece metal parts can be arranged parallel to flow direction with itself so that only have these fins to ensure exhaust stream With the necessary generation turned to of fluid therefore.
It is further favourable that if revision board is included in the dry hole that drill bit side upwardly extends, wherein drill bit direction about Flow direction is extended with the angle bs between 45 ° and 135 °.As a result, a part of can further be assigned of fluid is worn Cross one or more revision boards on the profile of mixer.Therefore fluid partly can further flow in injection device And it is partly turned to by these revision boards.The accumulation part of flowing is further turned to and is carried in flow direction, and Next revision board or piece metal parts on injection direction are reached across the non-accumulated part of the flowing of drilling.
Revision board is arranged parallel to flow direction and includes several amendment fins, these correct fin about flowing Direction is raised with angle sk, wherein angle sk is between 95 ° and 265 °.These are corrected fin and are stamped out revision board so that do not have There is the fluid of accumulation that can pass through and revision board is flowed through due to the opening that coining is formed.At the same time, it is corrected by these Fin makes fluid stable so that compared with above-mentioned flow regime, fluid turns to slower by the exhaust stream on flow direction.
If being provided with dry-mixing fin on hybrid element, these mixing fins are raised simultaneously about flow direction with angle ms And raised with angle mv about distribution direction, wherein the maximum value of angle ms is 70 °, and angle mv is more than 1 °.In order to mix Process, it is advantageous to which fluid is further turned to by these mixing fins and is not guide further by fin or amendment wing On the same direction that piece determines.
For the method, injected by means of injection device for being arranged in the exhaust pipe of exhaust system and for retaining Deflecting element to the fluid in exhaust system is advantageous, which guides exhaust stream, wherein deflecting element can be determined Position before the static mixer at least one hybrid element and includes in the flowing direction at least one metal zero Part, at least one metal parts can be positioned in exhaust stream, wherein the piece metal parts distribution direction at least It is partially about flow direction to raise with angle sv, as a result, exhaust stream is turned to from flow direction at least partly with fluid Onto distribution direction.The fin raised with angle sv is formd on piece metal parts.Piece metal parts is arranged at flowing side On the profile of exhaust pipe and therefore upwards before mixer, to be realized on the entire mixer profile of fluid pair Distribution, fluid is claimed to be partially converted into gaseous state.Gaseous parts are smaller, and deflecting element is in the mixed process side by mixer The effect in face is bigger.Piece metal parts is raised up by the fin for being at an angle of sv relative to flow direction in distribution direction at least partly It rises, as a result, exhaust stream redirect to distribution direction from flow direction at least partly with fluid.Piece metal parts can be ignored From the influence in terms of the deflection, which is arranged parallel to flow direction.
On piece metal parts, several fins raised with angle sv are formd.Distribution is realized by several fins to exist The steering of fluid on the profile of exhaust pipe.By front and back several fins arranged each other in the flowing direction, flow element Bigger is turned to, because the steering in the flowing direction realized by these fins is partly accumulated.
Deflecting element can be located in exhaust pipe, mode is so that the big degree Ground shock waves of fluid are on deflecting element Direction.As a result, reducing fluid velocity by deflecting element first and therefore can more easily change flow direction.
Depending on exhaust quality stream and delivery temperature, penetration depth and fluid of the fluid in exhaust pipe are on deflecting element Shock zone change.
Deflecting element includes one or several amendment panels, these are corrected panel and are arranged parallel to flow direction or flat Row is in piece metal parts.These revision boards make fluid down and enable a fluid to be turned to ahead of time by exhaust stream.These revision boards It may include different length or equal length can be designed to have.
Revision board includes with the one or several amendment fins raised of the angle sk between 95 ° and 265 ° and passing through this If correcting the fin several openings formed transverse to flow direction, and/or the dry hole upwardly extended in drill bit side a bit, wherein Drill bit direction is extended about flow direction with the angle bs between 45 ° and 135 °.Alternatively, provided with prolonging on drill bit direction If the dry hole stretched, wherein drill bit direction is extended relative to flow direction with the angle bs between 45 ° and 135 °.As knot Fruit, a part of of fluid directly can flow through opening or drilling on its injection direction and not slow down.It is repaiied by these Positive plate realizes amendment and stabilisation to flowing.
Piece metal parts protrudes past all revision boards about opposite flow direction and piece metal parts is about center Injection direction is arranged at after last revision board.Because therefore piece metal parts is arranged to exhaust pipe and decanting point The adjacent fact of opposite wall, piece metal parts can influence to inject the total amount of fluid.
Deflecting element is designed to about central plane mirror symmetry, which is oriented to and flow direction Cheng Zhi Angle or these fins and/or amendment fin are arranged to about central plane mirror symmetry.As this symmetrical as a result, The central flow region that significantly can influence to the degree of bigger the same injection fluid in exhaust pipe, because central mixing is first Part or flow element alignment having the same.
Multi-stage splitter is advantageous, the multi-stage splitter by from the description above deflecting element and be attached to partially Turn to be arranged in the static mixer composition after the deflecting element at least one hybrid element on element or indirectly, wherein Hybrid element includes at least one support element for multiple mixing fins or a flow element.Due to deflecting element with mix The combination of device is possible for mixed high efficiency method.
Piece metal parts or revision board are parallel to or oblique in flow direction are arranged on support element or flow element On.As a result, (or also integrally) is designed to single-piece and has phase at least partly for mixer and deflecting element Same material.
These mixing fins or flow element are raised about flow direction with the angle ms for being up to 70 °, and about distribution Direction is raised with the angle mv more than 1 °.
Hybrid element is designed to about central plane mirror symmetry, which is arranged to and flow direction Cheng Zhi Angle or these mixing fins and/or these support elements are arranged to about central plane mirror symmetry.
Depending on application, it should advantageously, hybrid element is designed to about flow direction point symmetry or these are mixed It closes fin and/or these support elements is arranged to about flow direction point symmetry.Due to this arrangement, mixed in exhaust pipe Reverse rotation is produced behind device to be vortexed.
In order to assemble or reequip, it should advantageously, in addition, being provided with the stream for being parallel to exhaust pipe and being parallel to exhaust The shell in dynamic direction, support element or flow element are arranged on the housing, and the shell can be positioned on exhaust pipe Or in exhaust pipe.As a result, the flow element or hybrid element of mixer can be before they be inserted into exhaust pipe It is pre-assembled in the housing.
Advantageously, static mixer includes several hybrid elements for exhaust, these hybrid elements are arranged to transverse direction It is adjacent to each other in flow direction, wherein if each hybrid element includes dry-mixing fin, and each mixing fin includes A back boundary region about flow direction and two side border regions.Each hybrid element includes support element, the support Part be parallel to flow direction alignment, these mixing fins be arranged on the support element via borderline region thereafter and relative to The support element raises.Each support element includes two terminal regions, and corresponding support is attached to via these terminal regions On exhaust pipe.Provided at least three hybrid elements, the support element of these hybrid elements is arranged to each leisure transverse to flowing With adjacent to each other away from at least distance of 5mm each other in region between the terminal region in direction.All mixing fins pass through all It side border region and is arranged in away from exhaust pipe a distance by front border region.Preferably, adjacent support element tool Have in 5mm at a distance between 100mm, preferably between 12mm and 15.5mm.As a result, even in increased exhaust stream During the input of dynamic and heat, these hybrid elements can come via the support element on exhaust pipe or on separated shell Welding, and the stability of the hybrid element is to be held by means of these support elements with mixing fin thereon is arranged at 's.Due to each hybrid element heat-insulated installation and due to being arranged on corresponding support element away from a distance knead dough each other Towards these mixing fins of tube wall, the mixing for realizing the circulation of the improvement of these fins and therefore improving.
If the static mixer includes transverse to flow direction several hybrid elements adjacent to each other, and accordingly Hybrid element includes being parallel to the support element of flow direction alignment and being arranged on support element and relative to the support element Several mixing fins raised, then static mixer or distributor can also be advantageous.Each support element includes two Terminal region and two join domains, the two join domains are arranged between the two terminal regions and are arranged to Above the direction of the support element towards each other and at away from these terminal region a distances.The terminal region of corresponding support element It is connected to each other with the first join domain so that the regional area of the support element forms closed cell, and in the support Part on the regional area of the cell, at least two mixing fins is arranged on the support element.As a result, corresponding Cell be not supported the regional area (be not provided on it mixing fin) of part and close and be positioned in and extend to The front of mixing fin in the cell.
Static mixer or distributor can also be advantageously, the mixer includes several flowings for exhaust Element, these flow elements are arranged to adjacent to each other transverse to flow direction.Corresponding flow element is by with wavy cross What the piece metallic plate of cross section profile was formed, if the piece metallic plate includes dry passage, if being somebody's turn to do dry passage in parallel figure axis Extend adjacent to each other on direction.The figure axis of corresponding flow element is oriented to up to 70 ° of angle about flow direction Spend ms or up to -70 ° of angle ms.These figure axis are aligned by least two flow elements, at least two flowing Element is arranged to adjacent to each other with equal angle ms in terms of direction and size.As a result, transverse to flow direction Side flow up, the flowing of fluid that reach mixer center is substantially by two with same alignment center flowing members Part is captured and can be diverted in another direction.Cross-sectional profiles are preferably the wavy of rule, and these profile axis The parallel arrangement of line.
It is a kind of to be used to the mixer that exhaust stream is mixed with the fluid being injected into exhaust pipe include tubular shell, The tubular shell has the center portion of the reduction size of positioning between the first and second end.The shell include across Circumferentially spaced multiple apertures that the center portion extends.First hybrid element includes one be located in these apertures The first peripheral portion in aperture and the second peripheral portion in another aperture being located in these apertures.Second mixing Element includes the third peripheral portion being located in other apertures of the shell and 4th week rim portion.
Mixer for mixing the exhaust stream for the fluid being injected into exhaust pipe includes tubular shell, the tubulose Shell, which has the leading collar portion being positioned at an open end of the shell and is positioned in the opposite of the shell, to be opened Put the rear guide sleeve loop section of end.Center portion includes the outer ruler reduced compared with leading collar portion and rear guide sleeve loop section Inside dimension that is very little and reducing.Hybrid element is positioned in shell and extends to two apertures for extending through center portion In.Hybrid element is fixed at the position adjacent with each aperture in the two apertures on the center portion of shell.
Explanation and further advantage the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings in patent claims and specification And details.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the view of a part for the exhaust system with exhaust pipe and injection device, wherein mixer is pacified Row has deflecting element, which raises relative to flow direction；
Fig. 2 shows the views according to the deflecting element with mixer and with multiple revision boards of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 shows the view with mixer and the deflecting element designed in a similar manner with mixer according to Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 shows mirror symmetry mixer；
Fig. 5 shows the point symmetry mixer of the hybrid element with tape cell lattice；
Fig. 6 shows the mixer in exhaust pipe according to Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 shows the point symmetry mixer with multiple support elements a distance away；
Fig. 8 shows the side view of the support element with the multiple mixing fins alternately raised；
Fig. 9 shows the side view with the mixer with multiple deflecting elements for correcting fin according to Fig. 7；
Fig. 9 a show the side view of the mixer with the deflecting element with multiple drillings according to Fig. 7；
Figure 10 shows the view of the mixer with multiple flow elements contacting one another；
Figure 11 shows that, for three flow elements according to the mixer of Figure 10, these flow elements are corresponding relative to it Figure axis differently arrange；
Figure 12 shows that the side view of the mixer in exhaust pipe according to Figure 10, the exhaust pipe have the inclined of preactivate Turn element；
Figure 13 shows the angle figure for deflecting element and injection device；
Figure 14 shows the angle figure relative to deflecting element for mixing fin；
Figure 15 is the perspective view for substituting mixer；
Figure 16 is another perspective view for substituting mixer；
Figure 17 is the end-view for substituting mixer；
Figure 18 is the section view of the mixer intercepted along 18-18 lines as shown in Figure 17；
Figure 19 is the fragmentary sectional view intercepted along 19-19 lines as shown in Figure 18；
Figure 20 is the side view of mixer；
Figure 21 is the perspective view that another substitutes mixer；
Figure 22 is the perspective view that another substitutes mixer；
Figure 23 is the local perspective view that another substitutes mixer；
Figure 24 is the partial end view of mixer depicted in figure 23；
Figure 25 is the perspective view that another substitutes mixer；
Figure 26 is the perspective view that the mixer described in Figure 25 is intercepted with another angle；
Figure 27 is the decomposition perspective view of Figure 25 and mixer depicted in figure 26；
Figure 28 is the fragmentary sectional view of a part for the exhaust after treatment system for including another replacement mixer；
Figure 29 is the side view that another substitutes mixer；
Figure 30 is the discribed end-view for substituting mixer in Figure 29；And
Figure 31 is the section view of the shell of another replacement mixer.
Specific implementation mode
Fig. 1 shows the exhaust pipe 40 of the part as exhaust system 4, and the fluid as reducing agent is in injection direction E On injected via the flange 50 that is arranged on exhaust pipe 40 and the injection device 5 being located on flange 50.In order to clearly rise See, attached drawing show central injection direction E rather than in figure 3 by form V-arrangement two dotted lines indicate actual circular cone Shape flow regime.
In exhaust pipe 40, exhaust is substantially parallel to the flowing of exhaust pipe 40 on the S of flow direction.In order to illustrate this hair It is bright, assume that flow direction S is parallel on the entire pipe cross section of exhaust pipe 40 before deflecting element 6 for purposes of clarity and prolongs It stretches.
Depending on the quality stream of reducing agent, reducing agent is flowed on injection direction E and is flowed into exhaust pipe 40, is arranged Turn to the larger or smaller degree of air-flow.After injection device 5, it is provided with by with deflecting element 6 on the S of flow direction The distributor that mixer 1 is constituted.Distributor connects 41 with flange via mixer 1 and is located in exhaust pipe 40.
The big degree Ground shock waves deflecting element 6 of reducing agent is so that the flowing momentum of reducing agent reduces.Deflecting element 6 is relative to stream Dynamic direction S is raised with angle sv so that exhaust stream is redirect to from flow direction S on distribution direction V via deflecting element 6.Due to This diverted exhaust stream, reducing agent partly before its ballistic throw element 6 and especially after on distribution direction V It skims over and is directed into the tube hub of exhaust pipe 40.
Fig. 2 shows a parts for the exhaust system 4 as described in referring to Fig.1, although here, mixer 1 incorporate it is multiple Fin 31 is mixed, as being generally shown in further detail in Fig. 4 to Fig. 7.For this mixing with multiple mixing fins 31 The deflecting element 6 of device 1 is schematically depicted in more detail and includes the piece metal parts as a part for deflecting element 6 in fig.9 60, which is arranged parallel to flow direction, with the fin 61 raised with angle sv and other with more A multiple revision boards 62 for correcting fin 64.
Include three hybrid elements 3 and one or two additional hybrid element 3a according to the mixer 1 of Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, is somebody's turn to do Three hybrid elements are arranged to transverse to flow direction S and are respectively adjacent to each other.Hybrid element 3,3a are substantially by propping up Support member 30,30a and be arranged at thereon one or several mixing fins 31,31a constitute.Corresponding mixing fin 31,31a Relative to flow direction S support element 30 is attached to via its borderline region hR, on 30a.Side border region sR and front border region VR forms multiple free-flowing edges about flow direction S, and neither connect with another mixing fin 31,31a and also with Shell 2 or exhaust pipe 40 connect.
Support element 30 respectively includes a terminal region 34 on two end, and fin 31 is mixed without setting, And the terminal region is angled according to Fig. 7.Example of the support element 30 via two terminal regions 34 as in the figure 7 is shown Be attached on shell 2 or be attached on exhaust pipe 40 according to Fig. 6.Between the two terminal regions 34, support element 30 is freely Ground is suspended in shell 2 or in exhaust pipe 40, that is, the support element is neither supported by other construction component or kept nor prop up Support or keep other construction component.In addition, these support elements 30 are substantially arranged between these terminal regions 34 It is parallel to each other and at the distance 35 away from about 13.5mm each other in region.
Shell 2 is cylindrical tube section, these hybrid elements 3 and the additional hybrid element 3a depending on exemplary embodiment It is attached on its inner sheath surface 20.Such mixer 1 is inserted into the exhaust pipe of exhaust system 4 with shell 2 together In 40, as shown in Figure 2, and it is vented and flows through this on the flow direction S for the central axial line 23 for being parallel to shell 2 Mixer.
Support element 30 is made of the ribbon piece metal material with the width 32 limited in fig. 8 and is parallel to flowing Direction S is aligned.Flow direction S refers to the main flow direction of the exhaust in mixer 1 and is parallel in mixer 1 The central axial line 23 of axis 12 and shell 2 is entreated to extend.Since support element 30 is parallel to flow direction S and the row of being accordingly parallel to The fact that the wall of tracheae 40 extends, mixer 1 can be simply installed in exhaust pipe 40 transverse to flow direction.
In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 7, mixed by three substantially located adjacent one another and point symmetry arrangement Element 3, each free support element 30 of these hybrid elements 3 and four mixing formation of fin 31.Therefore, entire hybrid element 3 is by propping up Support member 30 and four mixing fins 31 are constituted.
Support element 30 can be divided into three regional areas 36 to 38 between these terminal regions 34.Multiple outer parts The respective contiguous center regional area 36 on the opposite sides in region 37,38.These outer regional areas 37,38 are respectively relative to central office Portion region 36 is angled, that is, central regional area 36 respectively surrounds angle [alpha] with the two outer regional areas 37,38.Cause This, the two outer regional areas 37,38 are cut through about the first axle 11 for being parallel to flow direction S extensions with about 12 ° of angle [alpha] Central regional area 36.These outer regional areas 37,38 are at an angle of on the contrary about central regional area 36 so that support element 30 It is designed to about 12 point symmetry of central axial line, which is parallel to flow direction S, that is, support element 30 and these mixing Fin 31 is formed and is arranged as point symmetry each other.
As these three hybrid elements 3, two additional mixing are also provided in the region close to these hybrid elements 3 Element 3a.Additional hybrid element 3a is formed by support element 30a and mixing fin 31a.Additional hybrid element 3a via its two A terminal region 34a is attached on the inner sheath surface 20 of shell 2 and is attached in the two ends in a manner of free support Between the 34a of region.
By the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 4, support element 30 can be divided into three according to the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 7 A regional area 36 to 38.The respective contiguous center regional area 36 on the opposite sides of multiple outer regional areas 37,38.These outer offices Portion region 37,38 is respectively angled relative to central regional area 36, that is, central regional area 36 and the two outer regional areas 37,38 respectively angle [alpha] is surrounded.Therefore, the two outer regional areas 37,38 are about the first axle for being parallel to flow direction S extensions Line 11 cuts through central regional area 36 with about 9 ° of angle γ.These outer regional areas 37,38 about central regional area 36 with The same direction is angled so that support element 30 is designed to about 10 mirror symmetry of central plane, which is parallel to stream Dynamic direction S.
As point symmetry as a result, the flowing on the side of central plane 10 upwardly and outwardly turns to, and in It entreats opposite in the flowing on the direction of flow direction S on the other side of plane 10.In the figure 7, flowing is by multiple arrows What head indicated.
In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 4 to Fig. 9 a, these mixing fins 31 are surrounded about the direction of support element 30 Angle beta and surround angle ms about flow direction S.These mixing fins 31 are alternately shown.Such as in figs. 8 and 9 more It is shown specifically, angle beta is+135 ° or -135 °, and angle ms is+45 ° or -45 °.In addition, as being especially shown in FIG. 7 , partly the mixing fin 31 of direct neighbor includes the rule distance 33 away from least 1mm each other.
In unshowned exemplary embodiment, adjacent terminal region 34 is connected to each other by two support elements 30, this Two support elements are arranged to adjacent to each other.In addition, these additional respective terminal region 34a of hybrid element 3a with it is adjacent 3 respective terminal regions 34 of hybrid element connect.This is by the fact that realizing：These three 3 Hes of hybrid element The two additional hybrid element 3a are generated by unitary piece of metal band.
As shown in figures 7 and 9, retaining element 24 is provided on the outside of shell 2 21.Retaining element 24 is set It is calculated as a convex section (burl) and is protruded on the contrary with outside 21.Due to retaining element 24, mixer 1 can be fastened without It is overturn around central axial line 23 in exhaust pipe 40.In addition, when tightened, retaining element 24 also serves following purpose：Simultaneously Specified rotation position of the mixer 1 in exhaust system 4 about central axial line 23.For this purpose, being provided at some position The corresponding retention means not being shown in further detail, retaining element 24 are pushed on the direction of central axial line 23 in the retention means.
According to Fig. 9, mixer 1 is installed between two exhaust pipes 40,40' has shell 2.For this purpose, the two are arranged Tracheae 40,40' are attached on both sides on shell 2.In order to weld the two exhaust pipes 40,40' and for these exhaust pipes 40,40' and mixer 1 are welded to connect, and are provided with gap 42 between these exhaust pipe 40,40'.Gap 42 is due to following What the fact generated：22 distance of adjustment element that exhaust pipe 40,40' are distributed on the direction of central axial line 12 by circumference is opened, Corresponding exhaust pipe 40,40' are respectively adjacent on the direction of central axial line 12 on these adjustment elements on side.
It is designed to be oriented with 10 mirror symmetry of central plane, the central plane according to the mixer 1 of Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 It is parallel to flow direction S, that is, support element 30 and these mixing fins 31 are formed and arrange to be mirror one another.These are mixed Clutch 1 includes being arranged to three hybrid elements 3 parallel to each other and adjacent, wherein these hybrid elements 3 are individually by supporting What part 30 and one or three mixing fin 31 being arranged on the support element 30 were formed.
Support element 30 can be divided into three regional areas 36 to 38 between these terminal regions 34.Multiple outer parts The respective contiguous center regional area 36 on the opposite sides in region 37,38.These outer regional areas 37,38 are respectively relative to central office Portion region 36 is angled, that is, central regional area 36 respectively surrounds angle γ with the two outer regional areas 37,38.Cause This, the two outer regional areas 37,38 are cut through about the first axle 11 for being parallel to flow direction S extensions with about 9 ° of angle γ Central regional area 36.These outer regional areas 37,38 are angled with the same direction about central regional area 36 so that support Part 30 is designed to about 12 mirror symmetry of central axial line, which is parallel to flow direction S.
Central mixing fin 31 includes notch 39 in its center, and the length LS of the notch is mixing the length LM's of fin 31 Between 50% and 80%.Due to notch 39, reduce the formation of vortex, because the flowing in middle section turns to lesser extent To.In addition, just in the middle section of mixer 1 (wherein quality stream is maximum), the flowing dynamic for reducing mixer 1 hinders Power.
As these three hybrid elements 3, additional hybrid element 3a is provided with below these three hybrid elements 3.It is additional Hybrid element 3a is formed by support element 30a and mixing fin 31a, which also includes notch 39.Additional mixing member Part 3a is attached on the inner sheath surface 20 of shell 2 via two terminal region 34a and is attached in a manner of free support Between the two terminal regions 34a.
Fig. 5 shows tool, and there are two identical hybrid element 3, the point symmetry mixers 1 of 3'.Corresponding hybrid element 3,3' Respectively including two terminal regions 34,340 and be arranged between these terminal regions 34,340 two join domains 370, 380.The terminal region 34 of corresponding support element 30 and the first join domain 370 are connected to each other so that the partial zones of support element 30 Domain 301 forms closed cell 300.In support element 30 on the regional area 301 of cell 300, two mixing Fin 31 is arranged on support element 30.Hybrid element 3 is attached to exhaust via terminal region 340 and the second join domain 380 On pipe 40.
It can similarly be combined with deflecting element 6 according to the point symmetry mixer 1 of the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, root Mirror symmetry mixer 1 according to the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 can equally be in this way.Such as shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 9 a , deflecting element 6 includes the piece metal parts 60 with one or several fins 61, one or several fins are with about 20 ° of angle raises.Due to these fins 61, exhaust stream distribution direction V on turn upwards towards, and be therefore reducing agent also to On skim over.Piece metal parts 60 be arranged directly in support element 30,30a it is upper and according to the exemplary embodiment shown with mix Element 3,3a form construction component, the construction component be made of single-piece and by identical material.
Deflecting element 6 includes several revision boards 62,62', 62 ", these revision boards are arranged parallel to flow direction S simultaneously And it is parallel to piece metal parts 60, this causes reducing agent to be assigned directly before mixer 1.Revision board 62 is arranged directly in Support element 30,30a are upper and form construction component according to the exemplary embodiment and hybrid element 3 that shows, 3a, construction member Part be made of single-piece and by identical material.
These revision boards 62,62', 62 " include several amendment fins 64 according to Fig. 9, these correct fins about flowing Direction S is raised with 155 ° of angle sk.As being shown specifically in fig. 14, these are corrected fin 64 and are partly imprinted out amendment Plate 62 and the direction of adjacent revision board 62 and/or on the direction of piece metal parts 60 from revision board 62 protrude.As As a result, correcting below fin 64, opening 63 is formed on corresponding revision board 62, is corresponded to outstanding from the revision board 62 Correct the region of fin 64.Correcting fin 64 can protrude on the one or both sides of revision board 62.
Similarly, the fin 61 on piece metal parts 60 is stamped out so that piece metal parts 60 is included in each wing The opening 63 of 61 lower section of piece, the opening correspond to fin 61 from 60 region outstanding of piece metal parts.As being shown in FIG. 14, It corrects fin 64 to protrude from revision board 62 on both sides, and fin 61 protrudes on side from piece metal parts 60.
If including substituting the dry hole 65 for correcting fin according to the revision board 62 of Fig. 9 a, 62', 62 ", bored if being somebody's turn to do dry hole It is oriented on head direction B, the drill bit direction and angle bs in 90 ° flow direction S, exhaust stream can be at least partly with reducing agent It is upward through these drillings in the side of central axial line 12 to flow through deflecting element 6.
Fig. 3 also shows a part for the exhaust system 4 as described in fig. 1 and 2, however, in this exemplary reality It applies in example, mixer 1 is combined with deflecting element 6, which is constructed in a manner of similar with mixer 1 itself.It is this The mixer 1 of type be according to Figure 10 by abutting several mutual flow elements 7,7' is formed.
It is by the mutual several flow elements 7 of adjoining, 7', 7 " constructions that mixer 1, which is shown in detail, in Figure 11.Corresponding stream Dynamic element 7,7', 7 " are formed by the piece metallic plate 70 with corrugated cross-section profile 71, which includes front side 73 If with dry passage 72, extend adjacent to each other in the direction of parallel figure axis 74 if being somebody's turn to do dry passage.The two adjacent flows Element 7, the figure axis 74 of 7', 74' alternately raise extension about flow direction S with+40 ° and -40 ° of angle ps.As As a result, in the channel formed by the two flow elements 7,7', flowing turns to up and down simultaneously.
However, according to the present invention, adjacent about central plane 10 two central flow element 7', 7 " figure axis 74', 74 " extend in parallel (being identical in terms of its direction and size that is, with -40 ° of angle ps) and therefore not adjacent each other It connects.As a result, as in Fig. 10 as set forth in arrow, by the flowing in the two flow elements 7', the 7 " channels formed It is turned to only up (that is, in the same direction).In example embodiments described above, angle ps corresponds to angle ms.
Due to it is opposite about central plane 10 and at the same time be arranged adjacent to the two flow elements 7', 7 " wheel Wide axis 74', 74 " same alignment, realize mirror symmetry geometry of the mixer 1 about central plane 10.Exhaust stream and also Therefore part that former agent is flowed in the center of mixer 1 is diverted on a direction in the two flow elements 7', 7 ".
Figure 12 shows the cross section of mixer 1, wherein figure axis 74,74' are raised with ± 30 ° of angle.It is mixing Before device 1, the deflecting element 6 constructed in a similar manner with mixer 1 is scheduled.By deflecting element 6, there are cross-sectional profiles 66 several piece metal parts 60 are also arranged to immediately adjacent to one another.The deflecting element 6 of adjacent piece metal parts 60 Figure axis 67,67' are not in relation to flow direction S and raise, that is, they are parallel to flow direction S extensions.Therefore, deflecting element 6 exists The two central flow element 7', 7 " corresponding multiple lists with mixer 1 are formd between individual piece metal parts 60 Only channel, exhaust stream and reducing agent are only guided on the direction for being parallel to flow direction S in these individual channels.
Figure 13 shows that expression is above for correcting fin 64 and injection direction E and distribution direction V and flow direction S mono- Play the angle figure of the angle and angle ratio of description.Figure 14 show about mixing fin 31 and piece metallic plate 70 and about point This general survey with direction V and flow direction S.
Figure 15 to Figure 20 depicts the replacement mixer identified with reference number 400.Mixer 400 includes the first mixing member Part 402, the second hybrid element 404, third hybrid element 406 and the 4th hybrid element 408.These hybrid elements 402,404, 406, it 408 is respectively fixed on each other to set mixer 400 to single type component.First hybrid element 402 plays holder Or the effect of shell and hybrid element.In order to realize that this effect, the first hybrid element 402 include and the second curved wall 414 first curved walls 412 spaced apart.Substantially planar pedestal 416 interconnects the first side wall 412 and second sidewall 414 To limit " u "-shaped.As illustrated in the drawings, pedestal 416 can be bent or including small size bending to provide bending Inflection point 415,417.The first side wall 412 includes the distal end 418 being spaced apart with the distal end of second sidewall 414 419.Mixer 400 It is positioned in exhaust pipe 40 so that the gap between end 418,419 is aligned with injection device 5.It can be along the upper of pipe 40 The reagent of inner surface flowing will not be mixed wall limitation and will alternatively be flowed between end 418,419 in downstream.
Integrally formed deflecting element 420 axially extends from pedestal 416 with being arranged essentially parallel to flow direction S.Deflection Element 420 includes multiple amendment fins 422, these are corrected fin and are raised with 30 ° of angle A about flow direction.Mix fin 426 are extended relative to flow direction S with 45 ° of angle B.Notch 428 extends in mixing fin 426 partly to make the fin Bifurcated.
Second hybrid element 404 includes the first flange 430 being spaced apart with the second flange 432.Pedestal 434 is by the first flange 430 and second flange 432 interconnect.Pedestal 434 is substantially parallel with pedestal 416 and offsettingly extends.First flange 430 includes It is oriented the outer surface engaged with the inner surface of the first side wall 412 440 438.Using for example weld, rivet or it is some other First flange 430 is fixed on the first side wall 412 by the technique of mechanical fastening technique.In a similar manner, the second flange 432 wraps Include the outer surface 442 for being oriented to engage with the inner surface of second sidewall 414 444.
Second flange 432 is fixed in second sidewall 414.Second hybrid element 404 further includes relative to flow direction S The one or more amendment fins 450 extended with 40 ° of angle C.It mixes fin 452 and corrects fin 450 in the opposite direction On extended with 40 ° of angle D.In the embodiment described in Figure 15 to Figure 20, single fin 450 of correcting is depicted in two The upstream for the mixing fin 452 being laterally spaced apart.The mixing fin 454 of another part bifurcated is parallel to the extension of fin 426.Outside Fin 456 and 458 is mixed about flow direction S to extend with 45 ° of angle E.It should be understood that angle E is not necessarily equal to angle B, And often it is beneficial that with the mixing fin 454 extended in a non-parallel manner relative to fin 426.These angles can be changed Degree in particular system " adjustment " mixer 400 most preferably realize the distribution of uniform reducing agent.
Third hybrid element 406 is substantially similar to the second hybrid element 404.Third hybrid element 406 includes first convex Edge and the second flange 464,468.Pedestal 470 interconnects the first flange 464 and the second flange 468.Pedestal 470 is oriented substantially On be parallel to flow direction S and pedestal 434 and extend.First flange 464 and the second flange 468 are formed and are positioned to be fixed to On the inner surface 440,444 of first hybrid element 402.In a manner of similar with the second hybrid element 404, third hybrid element 406 include correcting fin 474, a pair of mixing fin 476 being laterally spaced apart, the mixing fin 478 of bifurcated and multiple outsides to mix Close fin 480,482.The similar fin that the fin of this hybrid element 406 is arranged essentially parallel to the second hybrid element 404 extends. It should be understood that this relationship is merely exemplary and can limit other angles.
4th hybrid element 408 is substantially similar to the second hybrid element 404 and third hybrid element 406.4th mixing Element 408 includes the first flange and the second flange 486,488.Pedestal 490 interconnects the first flange 486 and the second flange 488.Bottom Seat 490 is positioned substantially parallel to flow direction S and pedestal 470 extends.First flange 486 and the second flange 488 by It type and is positioned to be fixed on the inner surface 440,444 of the first hybrid element 402.With similar with the second hybrid element 404 Mode, the 4th hybrid element 408 include the mixing wing for correcting fin 494, a pair of mixing fin 496 being laterally spaced apart, bifurcated Piece 498 and multiple outside mixing fins 500,502.
5th hybrid element 610 includes being positioned in the line of rabbet joint 688,690 and being fixed to the 7th antelabium and the 8th lip The 9th flange on edge 692,694 and the tenth flange 684,686.
Once it is mixed that the second hybrid element 404, third hybrid element 406 and the 4th hybrid element 408 are fastened to first It closes on element 402, so that it may mixer assembly 400 to be located in exhaust manifolds (exhaust pipe 40 described before such as).It answers Understand, the size and shape of the first side wall 412 and second sidewall 414 can be determined that the inner surface with exhaust pipe 40 connects It touches or abuts.Mixer 400 can be placed in exhaust pipe 40 desirable axial position and angle orientation position and then It can be fixed to the upper by any amount of technique (including welding, mechanical fasteners, clip etc.).
Figure 21 is depicted with the replacement mixer of reference number 400a marks.Mixer 400a is retouched before being substantially similar to The mixer 400 stated, in addition to the first side wall 412a include be positioned in it is substantially planar between arch section 415 and 417 Part 413.Substantially planar part 413 is spaced apart with the inner surface of exhaust pipe 40, and part 415 and 417 meets the interior table It face and is fixed to the upper for example, by the technique of welding.In a similar manner, second sidewall 414a is curved including being positioned in Substantially planar center portion 419 between bent portions 421 and another bending part 423.Substantially planar central portion 419 are divided to be spaced apart with the inner surface of exhaust pipe 40.
Figure 22 to Figure 24 depicts another replacement mixer identified with reference number 600.Mixer 600 includes multiple Spaced hybrid element 602,604,606,608 and 610.Mixer 600 include have received these hybrid elements 602 to The shell 612 of each hybrid element in 610.Shell 612 can be individual element and be positioned on the inside of exhaust pipe, or Alternatively, element 612 can represent exhaust pipe itself to person.
Shell 612 includes open end 614, several axially to extend from the open end to the line of rabbet joint.First pair of line of rabbet joint 616,618 axially extend one section of preset distance from open end 614 in parallel with each other, which terminates in multiple stoppings At face 617,619.The line of rabbet joint 616,618 can be formed a part for coining manipulation, and shell 612 is extended through wherein being made Multiple notch and form multiple inwardly projecting antelabium (such as the first antelabium 620 and second antelabium 622) with tool.The One antelabium 620 is arranged essentially parallel to the extension of the second antelabium 622.
First hybrid element 602 includes the first peripheral portion or flange 624 and is spaced apart and substantially parallel second Peripheral portion or flange 626.Pedestal 628 interconnects the first flange and the second flange 624,626.First flange 624 extend to In the adjacent line of rabbet joint 618 of first antelabium 620.In a similar manner, the second flange 626 is extended in the line of rabbet joint 616 and is positioned At adjacent with the second antelabium 622.First flange and the second flange 624,626 by weld or be brazed be fixed to the first antelabium and On second antelabium 620,622.The terminal of flange 624,626 is recessed under the periphery 632 largely limited by shell 612 Side.By this method, mixer 600 can be inserted easily in the exhaust manifolds with circular cross section.Pedestal 628 is retouched Be drawn in substantially plane and include a pair of axially extending rib 636,638.Rib 636,638 provides multiple Inflection point, the first hybrid element 602 can be bent about these inflection points to accommodate based on coefficient of thermal expansion in terms of component size Increase.It should be understood that may include any amount of geometric properties to realize desirable flowing and mixed characteristic.For example, It is expected that any one hybrid element in hybrid element 602,604,606,608,610 may include be similar to correct fin 450 and/ Or one or more bendings or the contact pin outstanding of mixing fin 476,478 or 480.
Second hybrid element 604 is substantially similar to the first hybrid element 602, with axially extending third flange and Four flanges 642,644.Second pair of line of rabbet joint 646,648 extends through shell 612 and respectively receives third flange and the 4th flange 642、644.Second hybrid element 604 is fixed on the third antelabium and the 4th antelabium 647,649 of shell 612.
A pair of opposite recess 650,652 is formd in shell 612.The line of rabbet joint 654,656 extends in recess 650,652 Across shell 612.The neighbouring line of rabbet joint 654,656 is without forming the antelabium to extend internally from shell 612, such as antelabium 620,622.Phase Instead, the line of rabbet joint 654 be positioned in shell 612 be separated from each other and between the end face 657,659 that faces.Third hybrid element 606 include generally radially extending the 5th flange and the 6th flange 660 and 662 extended in the line of rabbet joint 654,656.
Third hybrid element 606 include and radially extend peripheral portion or flange 660,662 biasing base portion 664.Base portion 664 is interconnected by angled wall 668,670 with the flange 660,662 radially extended, so that it is guaranteed that mixing Device 600 can bear repeat heating and cooling events and will not due to these hybrid elements coefficient of thermal expansion and in structure Aspect is damaged.Each hybrid element include be oriented from the bending partially radially outwardly of central flat base or some Geometry, to provide bending inflection point.During heating, as substantially planar central base part is in terms of width Increase, if necessary, each hybrid element will bend to discharge stress and make the power being applied on shell 612 most Smallization.It is still further contemplated that one or more hybrid elements may include central base part and coplanar multiple peripheral portions. The shell may include that spring element (such as part of recess 650) is accounted for that will thermally expand.In this configuration, do not have Have and inflection point is set on these hybrid elements.
Embodiment back to Figure 22 to Figure 24, it should be noted that the peripheral portion of these flanges 660,662 be not to Upper turnup and be substantially parallel to base portion 664.In this way, a surface of flange 660 is positioned as and 657 phase of end face The adjacent and opposite end face of flange 660 is positioned as adjacent with end face 659.Similar arrangement exists and has flange 662 and end face circle Determine the line of rabbet joint 656.
4th hybrid element 608 is substantially similar to the second hybrid element 604, the 7th flange in addition to being separated by and Eight flanges 674,676 extend outwardly on the direction opposite with third flange and the 4th flange 642,644.In order to accommodate this peace Row, the 5th antelabium and the 6th antelabium 678,680 extend inward towards third antelabium and the 4th antelabium 647,649.
Can using to sheet metal coining or shaping operation construct each hybrid element in these hybrid elements.This The size and shape of a little hybrid elements can be standardized or are individually that specific application customizes.Further, it is understood that Although attached drawing depicts hybrid instrument there are five hybrid element, other mixers are expected to have than less or more shown in those A hybrid element.For example, Figure 23 and Figure 24 depict mixer 600a.Mixer 600a substantially with mixer 600.In this way, Similar element will be identified with the reference number with suffix " a ".Mixer 600a includes the first hybrid element 604a, the second mixing Element 606a and third hybrid element 608a.The shell 612a only lines of rabbet joint including necessary amount receive these hybrid elements.
Figure 25 to Figure 27 depict substitute mixer 700, the replacement mixer include accordingly from the first hybrid element to 6th hybrid element 702,704,706,708,710 and 712.These hybrid elements of mixer 700 are substantially similar to mixing The hybrid element of device 400 and the hybrid element 606 of mixer 600, in addition to the respective body part of these hybrid elements is shaped For with the substantially flat plate relative to its angled multiple fin extended.These hybrid elements 702-710 is respectively wrapped Include the multiple mixing fins being tipping up for being identified " a " suffix.Hybrid element 712 includes having multiple amendment fin 712a The deflecting element 716 to extend outwardly, these are corrected fins and face and mix the opposite directions fin 702a-710a.Mixing member Part 704 to 712 further include it is multiple after lead mixing fin, mixing fin is led after multiple and is located at the center portion of each hybrid element In and be identified " b " suffix.Element 704 to 710 further include be identified small letter " c " suffix it is multiple after lead it is lateral between The outside mixing fin separated.It should be understood that the base portion of the amount and its basically plane of each type of mixing fin Divide the angle extended that can be particularly customized to make the reagent of injection optimal allocation in specific exhaust-gas treatment system.
Each hybrid element includes the Both tongue portion with reduction width, which has been identified band " d " The hybrid element reference number of suffix, the Both tongue portion and body part extend coplanarly, which has all Width and " e " suffix has been identified it.The width of tongue reduces so that the substantially cylindrical inner surface 718 of ring 720 is logical It crosses.
Ring 720 includes the recess 724 that multiple radial inwards extend.Each recess includes the line of rabbet joint 726 extended through. These recesses and these lines of rabbet joint are arranged in pairs and are identified with " a " to the suffix letter of " l ".These lines of rabbet joint are also identified with basis The corresponding suffix letter of pairs of position.The Both tongue portion of reduction width with suffix " d " is firstly inserted into ring 720 In.The peripheral portion of wider body part with " e " suffix extends through the corresponding line of rabbet joint pair.For example, body part The peripheral portion of 702e laterally extends in the line of rabbet joint 726a and 726b.As described in before about third hybrid element 606, this A little 702 to 712 respective axial positions of hybrid element are by the length of the corresponding line of rabbet joint and in the tongue portion with " d " suffix The axial position for the transition for dividing and being identified between the body part of " e " suffix limits.
It is spring element 730 to be located on the side of each line of rabbet joint 726, and another spring element 732 is positioned In the opposite side of the line of rabbet joint 726.For the sake of clarity, spring element 730b and 732b are only identified in Figure 26 and Figure 27.Bullet Spring element 730,732 increases in the temperature of hybrid element 702 and its width correspondingly increases due to thermal linear expansion coefficient Incident heat during deflect radially towards.Remaining spring element is associated with hybrid element at it and changes ruler with temperature change Serve when very little similar.
It is depicted at Figure 28 and substitutes mixer 800.Mixer 800 includes being substantially similar to mixer described above One of mixer 802, mixer described above includes mixer 1, mixer 400, mixer 600 or mixer 700.It is mixed Clutch 800 is combined mixer 802 with the second mixer 804 to improve distribution of the reagent in exhaust pipe 40.
Mixer 802 includes uppermost mixing fin 806 backwards, which is substantially similar in figure 18 The mixing fin 500 of description or the mixing fin 31 as shown in fig. 9 a.Mixer 800 mixes mixer 802 with second The composite character of device 804 is in conjunction with solving the misgivings that are flowed on or near the upper surface of exhaust pipe 40 810 of injection reagent.Upper table Face 810 is defined as the part that the downstream at the angled position of approximation of injection device 5 of the inner surface of exhaust pipe 40 extends. Second mixer 804 provides modification to improve distribution of the reagent in downstream to the flowing of exhaust airstream.
Second mixer 804 is depicted as from 810 radial inward of upper surface made of substantially spherical protruding portion 814 outstanding. Protruding portion 814 includes the point 816 of the position of about percent 10 maximum radial of the diameter of retraction exhaust pipe 40 inwardly.Second is mixed Clutch 804 is oriented and the outgoing event from mixer 802.Specifically, construction line 820, which is drawn in from downstream, extends Mixing fin 806 extend.Construct line 820 protruding portion 814 continue radial inward extend position at the second mixer 804 Intersection.For in another way, construction line 820 intersects in the upstream position of point 816 with protruding portion 814.Describe in figure Specific example in, construction line 820 intersects at a point with protruding portion 814, at this point, percent the 25 of protruding portion 814 Upstream in intersection point, and percent the 75 of protruding portion 814 are still located at intersection point between construction line 820 and protruding portion 814 Downstream.
Advantageously, the second mixer 804 is provided small to no back pressure contribution by its minimum inside protruding portion. Exhaust velocity distribution is still substantially the same, and reagent uniformity shows and has percentage simply by the arrangement of mixer 802 7 to percent 12 improvement.Fluid Mechanics Computation modeling shows：By using the knot of mixer 802 and the second mixer 804 It closes, has spread the gradient of reagent concentration and Species distributing.It is expected that protruding portion 814 can be positioned axially in so that structure Make the position of line 820 and the second mixer 804 in the range of from the 50 10 to percent percent of the axial length of protruding portion Place's intersection.By this method, the exhaust and reagent advanced along upper surface 810 will be deflected radially, and across mixing fin 806 The exhaust of traveling and reagent are guided in a radially outward direction.
Another is depicted at Figure 29 and Figure 30 substitutes mixer 900.Mixer 900 is somewhat similarly to mixer 700, Wherein, hybrid element 902,904,906,908 is respectively shaped as substantially planar tablet.These hybrid elements can be optional Ground includes the mixing fin for not showing still to be depicted as being identified in Figure 26 and Figure 27 " a " suffix in Figure 29 and Figure 30 Mixing fin.At least one of the hybrid element of mixer 900 hybrid element can also include being similar to have to correct wing The deflecting element of the deflecting element 716 of piece 712a to extend outwardly.Mixer 900 can also be positioned in by leading mixing fin afterwards On one or more of hybrid element hybrid element, which is substantially similar to " b " suffix is identified in Figure 25 to Figure 27 Those mixing fins.One or more of the hybrid element of mixer 900 hybrid element can also include being similar to about mixed The mixing fin that clutch 700 is opened by the outside spacers of those of " c " suffix mark of small letter mixing fin.
Mixer 900 includes ring 912, which includes preceding limb 914 and rear guide margin edge 916.918 quilt of leading collar portion It is configured to axially extend to the cylinder substantially of transition wire 920 from preceding limb 914.Afterwards guide sleeve loop section 924 also by Shape is cylinder substantially.Guide sleeve loop section 924 is extended to the over branch-cut bridge 926 from rear guide margin edge 916 afterwards.Leading collar portion 918 outer diameter is equal to the diameter of rear guide sleeve loop section 924.Swedged center portion 930 is axially positioned in preceding guide sleeve ring Between part 918 and rear guide sleeve loop section 924.Cone or the first expansion 934 otherwise by center portion 930 interconnect with leading collar portion 918.In a similar manner, the second expansion or conical portion 938 are by center portion 930 interconnect with rear guide sleeve loop section 924.It is expected that ring 912 is configured to by the metal material with substantial constant wall thickness Continuous uninterrupted ring.
Ring 912 includes aperture pair：948a、948b；950a、950b；952a、952b；With 954a, 954b.Each aperture It is substantially similar to another aperture and only will be described in an aperture.Aperture 948a includes axial continuation 960, One circumferential extension 962 and the second circumferential extension 964.Axial continuation 960 terminates in centrally located part 930 First edge 968 at.Edge 968 does not extend in the first expansion 934 or leading collar portion 918.In this way, edge 968 extend to the outer cylinder surface 972 of center portion 930 from the inner periphery 970 of center portion 930.Axial continuation 960 terminate at opposite edge 978.Part 960 extends up to rear guide sleeve loop section 924.Axial continuation 960 extends through Second deploying portion 938.Circumferential extension 962 and 964 at least partially defines pliable contact pin 982.
Hybrid element 902 is fixed on the distal end 986 of contact pin 982 using the technique of such as welding.It does not retouch in the accompanying drawings Paint pad.Hybrid element 902 is spaced apart with the rest part of ring 912, in addition at its opposite ends, hybrid element 902 exists Be fixed at this on the distal end of another associated contact pin of aperture 948b.Contact pin 982 and its with aperture 948b is associated matches Play spring to part, deflects to account for the coefficient of thermal expansion of hybrid element 902.In the fortune of mixer 900 Change in terms of trip temperature is bent with the change width of hybrid element to solve by permission contact pin.By making mixing Element 902 is only connect at contact pin 982 and its mating section with ring 912, by the way that the use simply welded is applied to contact pin 982 Manufacture is set to simplify on the outer surface 972 of the center portion 930 contacted with hybrid element 902.Pad is still from by preceding guide sleeve ring The outer diameter radial inward positioning that part 918 and rear guide sleeve loop section 924 limit.
The overall width of hybrid element 902 is defined as projecting through aperture 948a and 948b more than center portion 930 Surface 972.The size of the width of hybrid element 902 is also set, which ensures that the hybrid element does not protrude past preceding guide sleeve The outer cylinder surface of loop section 918 and rear guide sleeve loop section 924.Preferably, the width of hybrid element 902 is close to after extending across The string of the inner periphery 988 of guide sleeve loop section 924.Relative dimensions between hybrid element 902 and the feature of ring 912 Allow by the way that the hybrid element will be mixed along the longitudinal axis translation limited by the axial continuation of aperture 948a, 948b Element 902 is inserted into.The distance that hybrid element 902 can be inserted in ring 912 is limited by the axial position at edge 968. The preceding limb 990 of hybrid element 902 is positioned adjacent at the minimum aperture at edge 968 so that from 900 upstream of mixer The reducing agent of injection blocks hybrid element 902 not with solder interconnections at least partly and ring 912 contacts.Remaining aperture The size and shape of 950a, 950b, 952a, 952b, 954a, 954b are with previously with regards to aperture 948a, 948b and hybrid element The similar manners of 902 descriptions determine.
Figure 31 depicts alternate collar 912a.Ring 912a is substantially similar to ring 912, the center portion in addition to reducing size 930a includes elliptical or other non-circular transverse cross-sections.Inner surface 970a include smallest radial inwardly the point T of protruding portion and Point B.Due to the increased cross-sectional flow area provided by near point T and point B, relative to ring 912 is flowed through, exhaust flowing is worn The limitation for crossing ring 912a is minimized.
The exemplary embodiment discussed above for only disclosing and describing present disclosure.Those skilled in the art will beg for from this Be readily appreciated that in and from attached drawing and claims, do not depart from present disclosure such as in following following claims In the case of the spirit and scope limited in book, different changes, modifications and variation can be made wherein.

Claims (24)

1. a kind of mixer for mixing exhaust stream with the fluid being injected into exhaust pipe, the mixer include：
Tubular shell, the tubular shell include first end, second end and the center portion being positioned between these ends, The center portion has the size reduced, the tubular shell relative at least one of the first end and the second end end Body includes circumferentially spaced multiple apertures, these apertures are across the center the first end and the second end Part extends；
First hybrid element, which includes ontology, the ontology have the first peripheral portion and with first periphery Partly the second opposite peripheral portion, first peripheral portion are positioned in an aperture in these apertures, the second week Rim portion is positioned in another aperture in these apertures, these peripheral portions are fixed on the shell；And
Second hybrid element, which includes ontology, which has third peripheral portion and 4th week rim portion, In other apertures that the third peripheral portion and the 4th week rim portion are positioned in these apertures and it is fixed to the shell On body, which is spaced apart with first hybrid element, and wherein the center portion includes being positioned adjacent to this The contact pin in an aperture in some holes mouth, which is coupled on first hybrid element so that the contact pin considers that this is first mixed It closes element and varies with temperature and change and move in terms of size.
2. mixer as described in claim 1, wherein these apertures include axial continuation and multiple circumference spaced apart Extension, first hybrid element pass through an axial continuation in these axial continuations to extend.
3. mixer as claimed in claim 2, wherein first hybrid element radially outward protrudes past the center portion Outer surface.
4. mixer as claimed in claim 3, wherein an aperture in these apertures is asymmetric and the shell packet Include the face in the edge in an aperture, the face limit first hybrid element being axially inserted into the shell away from From.
5. mixer as described in claim 1, wherein the center portion is shaped as cylinder.
6. mixer as described in claim 1, wherein the center portion is shaped as non-cylinder.
7. mixer as described in claim 1, wherein the tubular shell and the contact pin are single-piece by overall construction.
8. mixer as described in claim 1, wherein first hybrid element is parallel to second hybrid element extension.
9. mixer as described in claim 1, wherein first hybrid element includes angularly extending to change with the ontology Become the mixing fin in exhaust stream direction.
10. mixer as claimed in claim 9, wherein first hybrid element includes deflecting element, deflecting element positioning In the upstream of the mixing fin, at the position of the fluid impact injected.
11. mixer as claimed in claim 10, wherein the deflecting element includes being arranged essentially parallel to the extension of exhaust stream direction Substantially planar part and the amendment fin that angularly extends with the exhaust stream direction.
12. mixer as claimed in claim 11, wherein the exhaust stream direction Cheng Ji of the deflecting element and the mixer upstream This upper 30 degree angle extends.
13. mixer as claimed in claim 12, wherein the side of the mixing fin relative to the exhaust stream of the mixer upstream To at substantially from 40 degree to 45 degree in the range of angle extend.
14. a kind of mixer for mixing exhaust stream with the fluid being injected into exhaust pipe, the mixer include：
Tubular shell, the tubular shell include first end, second end and the center portion being positioned between these ends, The center portion has the size reduced, the tubular shell relative at least one of the first end and the second end end Body includes circumferentially spaced multiple apertures, these apertures are across the center the first end and the second end Part extends；
First hybrid element, which includes ontology, the ontology have the first peripheral portion and with first periphery Partly the second opposite peripheral portion, first peripheral portion are positioned in an aperture in these apertures, the second week Rim portion is positioned in another aperture in these apertures, these peripheral portions are fixed on the shell；And
Second hybrid element, which includes ontology, which has third peripheral portion and 4th week rim portion, In other apertures that the third peripheral portion and the 4th week rim portion are positioned in these apertures and it is fixed to the shell On body, which is spaced apart with first hybrid element, and wherein the shell includes being positioned in the center portion Leading collar portion in opposite side and rear guide sleeve loop section, the leading collar portion and the rear guide sleeve loop section include having the The outer cylinder surface of one size, the center portion include the outer cylinder surface with the second size less than the first size.
15. a kind of mixer for mixing exhaust stream with the fluid being injected into exhaust pipe, the mixer include：
Tubular shell, the tubular shell include leading collar portion, the shell being positioned at the opening upstream termination of the shell The opposite open end of body and center portion in-between, which, which has compared with the leading collar portion, reduces The inside dimension of outside dimension and reduction, the center portion include multiple apertures spaced apart；And
Hybrid element, the hybrid element are positioned in the shell and extend in two in these apertures apertures, this is mixed Element is closed to be fixed on the center portion of the shell at multiple positions in each aperture in being adjacent to the two apertures.
16. mixer as claimed in claim 15, wherein the shell includes that the leading collar portion and the center portion is mutual The first expansion even.
17. mixer as claimed in claim 15, wherein these apertures respectively include axial continuation and it is multiple be spaced apart Circumferential extension, the hybrid element pass through these axial continuations in an axial continuation extend.
18. mixer as claimed in claim 17, wherein the tubular shell includes being positioned in the opposite open end section Guide sleeve loop section afterwards, the rear guide sleeve loop section include increased inside dimension and increased outside dimension compared with the center portion.
19. mixer as claimed in claim 17, wherein the first end of the axial continuation terminates at stop surface, The stop surface limits the amount that is axially inserted into of the hybrid element in the shell.
20. mixer as claimed in claim 17, wherein these circumferential extension quilts in an aperture in these apertures It is located on the either side of contact pin, which is fixed on the hybrid element.
21. mixer as claimed in claim 20, wherein the hybrid element is moved freely relative to the shell, in addition at this At contact pin and another contact pin.
22. mixer as claimed in claim 18, wherein the shell further includes by the rear guide sleeve loop section and the center portion Second expansion of interconnection.
23. mixer as claimed in claim 22, wherein the axial continuation in these apertures includes in the center portion The first end of termination and the second end terminated in second expansion or the rear guide sleeve loop section.
24. mixer as claimed in claim 15, wherein the inner surface of the shell is cylindrical and includes the interior of reduction Size.
CN201480064128.2A 2013-11-26 2014-11-19 Exhaust stream mixer Active CN105765193B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US14/089,822 2013-11-26
US14/089,822 US9095827B2 (en) 2008-04-21 2013-11-26 Exhaust gas flow mixer
PCT/US2014/066355 WO2015080917A1 (en) 2013-11-26 2014-11-19 Exhaust gas flow mixer

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CN105765193B true CN105765193B (en) 2018-07-17

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CN105765193A (en) 2016-07-13

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