CN105762692B - Box-type substation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a box-type substation, which at least includes a high-voltage switch room, a low-voltage switch room and a transformer room. Indoor equipment wiring is M, U or V type. Different from the prior art, the upper and lower multi-layer distribution structure adopted by the present invention makes the volume of the box-type substation 1-3 times smaller than that of the traditional substation, which not only reduces the floor space, but also facilitates transportation and reduces transportation costs; and There is no need to make the downward base of the traditional box-type substation, which saves the difficulty of construction engineering, reduces the cost, and can avoid the adverse effects on the equipment in the box-type substation caused by the moisture in the semi-buried base.

Description

Box type substation

technical field

The invention relates to a substation, in particular to a box-type substation, and belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment.

Background technique

A box-type substation is a substation that organically combines the functions of high-voltage power reception, transformer step-down, and low-voltage power distribution, and is installed in a fully enclosed and movable steel structure box. Box-type substations have a series of advantages such as strong completeness, short power transmission cycle, strong environmental adaptability, convenient installation, safe and reliable operation, low investment and quick results, so box-type substations are now widely used in urban network construction and transformation. of public distribution. With the acceleration of the modernization process of municipal construction, the box-type substation will gradually replace the original civil power distribution room and become a new type of complete power distribution device.

Traditional box-type substations are divided into American box-type substations and European-type box-type substations according to their structure. Various equipment in box-type substations are of different heights, and most of them are arranged in a flat-type or mesh-type layout. From a technical point of view, the main disadvantage of box-type substations is poor heat dissipation: since this type of structure combines a variety of electrical equipment in a relatively sealed large box, in order to achieve moisture-proof, waterproof, moisture-proof and sealing requirements, Therefore, the heat dissipation performance in the box is limited, and the temperature rise caused by the poor heat dissipation will cause the temperature rise of the electrical equipment in the box to exceed the standard, thereby affecting the service life and safety of the equipment. In the prior art, an electric fan or other device is often added to force the cooling to ensure that the temperature does not exceed the standard, but the cooling effect is not very good. In addition, due to the poor heat dissipation performance of the box-type substation itself, the floor area of the box-type substation has to be increased to maintain the heat dissipation space of each component in the box. It can be seen from the above that the requirements for heat dissipation performance in the box-type substation and the volume and floor space of the box have become a pair of contradictions, resulting in limited capacity and use.

Therefore, the focus of later research on box-type substations is to further reduce their volume and/or footprint on the premise of maintaining the required heat dissipation performance. In the prior art, the above objects are mainly achieved in two ways: 1. a semi-buried (also known as underground) box-type substation, and 2. a compact box-type substation. Both of these two box-type substations have different disadvantages, specifically:

1. Semi-buried box-type substation, this type of box-type substation mainly reduces the number of box-type substations on the ground by burying half or more of the box part of the box-type substation underground, or burying the entire transformer part underground. It does not reduce its footprint; and before installation and use, it is necessary to set up a box-type substation base with a size of (2.4*3.4) and an installation foundation with a depth of about (1.5-1.8m) on the ground. This type of box-type substation not only requires high-cost ground construction when it is put into use, but also the box-type substation is directly placed on the ground when it is in use. Because the foundation is easy to accumulate water and moisture, the ventilation effect is not good, and the components are easily damaged. In addition to the weight of the box-type substation itself, it is extremely difficult to detect abnormal conditions such as geological changes or equipment water accumulation, which is prone to safety accidents. Especially when the old city is put into use, due to the dense distribution of underground water, electricity and communication pipelines, it is not only inconvenient for construction, but also brings great inconvenience to road traffic. Chinese patent applications CN2012206032235.2 and 201210152564.8 both disclose the structure of a semi-buried box-type substation. The semi-buried box-type substation places the transformer under the ground, so the volume of the box-type substation on the ground is greatly reduced, but because the transformer is under the bottom surface, the predictability of safety accidents is not strong, and the humid underground environment causes great damage to equipment. The moisture in the foundation base also has a great impact on the equipment, and it is more likely to cause safety accidents in the stagnant water during the rainy season.

2. Compact box-type substation, this type of box-type substation mainly reduces its volume and floor area at the same time, and the reduction of the floor area is achieved by the reduction of its volume, but it still cannot avoid the requirement of installing the foundation. For example, the four Chinese patent applications CN201220341565.2, CN201220049333.X, CN201010165374.0 and patent CN03267020.6 all disclose a compact transformer box. Their common feature is that the internal structure of the box-type substation is arranged differently on the same level to reduce the plane footprint of the box-type substation. However, this arrangement only reduces the floor area of the box-type substation in a local direction, and does not change the flat-shaped or mesh-shaped structure of the traditional box-type substation, nor can it greatly reduce the space volume of the box-type substation.

Therefore, the box-type substation in the prior art is bulky, which not only affects the aesthetics of the city or street, but also limits the use of the box-type substation in narrow city streets or other narrow spaces. And the above box-type substations are required to be assembled before leaving the factory, and the whole machine can be transported. Often a 10-ton transport vehicle can only transport one box-type substation or a 10-meter-long transport vehicle can only transport two boxes. It is extremely wasteful of resources; because the use environment or technical parameters of box-type substations require them to be individually customized, they cannot be mass-produced as standard parts, resulting in a large number of various equipment and accessories for box-type substations on the market. Different standards and different standards also cause waste in production, which is not conducive to energy conservation and environmental protection. In addition, the above-mentioned various box-type substations also have the problem of inconvenient maintenance. Most of the boxes of box-type substations are closed boxes, and the door or window is used as the entrance for maintenance; when maintenance is required, people often enter There are major problems in the maintenance of the box, both in terms of safety and ease of operation; especially for the maintenance of semi-buried box-type substations, it is even necessary to destroy the road surface and excavate before entering the box. For example, the above transformer is placed underground. The safety predictability is low, which brings great inconvenience to inspection and maintenance. In addition, most of the existing box-type substations use "pin" or "me, day" type partitions, and the main equipment is placed back-to-back and separated by partitions, so a certain ventilation dead angle will be formed, which will seriously affect the heat dissipation.

Chinese patent CN201220265651.X discloses a special box-type substation for LED street lights. The box-type substation for LED street lights is only for the power supply of LED street lights. The components in the substation are simply stacked to make the internal circuit into a U-shape, so that the vertical space is utilized to a certain extent, and the volume of the box-type substation of the LED light is reduced. However, the LED box-type substation also has dead ends of natural ventilation; and because the capacity of the transformer and other equipment of the box-type substation is small, the box structure of this special box-type substation for LED street lights cannot be applied to medium and large boxes for urban and rural power distribution. type substation (200KVA-630KVA); in addition, in this box-type substation, the incoming and outgoing lines pass through the same side of the box, and the outlet position is high, so the functional division of the box-type substation structure is not clear, and the distance between the functional equipment It is too close and pushed together, which brings a certain degree of inconvenience to inspection and maintenance.

In addition, the main heat dissipation source of the box-type substation is the transformer in the box; and the oil-immersed transformer (oil-type transformer) has become the current national grid, especially in the box-type substation, due to its advantages of good heat dissipation, low loss and large capacity. Transformers are the first choice; among them, ensuring the good heat dissipation performance of the transformer is one of the key technical performances of the transformer. At present, there are four main cooling methods for oil-immersed transformers at home and abroad, namely natural oil circulation self-cooling heat dissipation, natural oil circulation air cooling heat dissipation, forced oil circulation air cooling heat dissipation and forced oil circulation water cooling heat dissipation. The natural oil circulation air cooling method is to use the transformer winding and the iron core to heat up, the oil in the body forms convection, after the oil flows through the radiator, the air blown by the cooling fan will take away the heat, so as to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation. This method is mainly used for small and medium-sized transformers. Forced oil circulation, air cooling and heat dissipation, through the action of the oil pump, the oil in the transformer is forced to circulate rapidly. When the oil flows through the radiator, the air blown by the cooling fan will take away the heat. This cooling method is mainly used for large and medium-sized transformer. The main difference between the forced oil circulating air cooler and the natural oil circulating air cooler is that the submersible oil pump is used to force the oil to circulate, so that the oil flow speed is accelerated and the cooling efficiency is improved. The basic types of traditional oil-immersed transformer radiators are mainly as follows:

1. Chip radiator

More than 80% of oil-immersed transformers are cooled by natural oil circulation. When the capacity of the oil-immersed transformer is greater than 50kVA, the tube or chip radiator can be considered as the heat exchange device of the transformer. The lateral volume of the transformer of the chip radiator is too large, which is inconvenient for transportation and maintenance. The chip heat dissipation efficiency is very low. Although it is widely used in the heat dissipation of low-capacity transformers, it is difficult to solve the heat dissipation problem of large-capacity transformers.

2. Air cooler

When the capacity of the oil-immersed power transformer exceeds 50MVA, the air cooler can be considered. The air cooler sends the high-temperature oil on the top layer of the transformer into the cooling pipe of the cooler through the oil pump, and transfers the heat generated by it to the inner wall of the cooling pipe and the fins, and then the pipe wall and the fins release heat to the air. The use of high-power air coolers not only brings convenience to the manufacture, installation, use and maintenance of the transformer, but also reduces oil leakage. The cooling effect and service life of the air cooler will depend on the cooling elements used, and pipes are generally used as cooling elements in China. In cold weather areas and areas with little water, large and special oil-immersed transformers are most suitable for air coolers. For tropical regions with high temperature all year round, the rated cooling capacity of the air cooler should be considered.

3. Water cooler

When the capacity of the oil-immersed power transformer exceeds 50MVA, in addition to the use of air coolers for heat exchange, water coolers can also be used as heat exchange devices for large transformers. The specific heat of air is only 1/4 of that of water, so the cooling effect of the water cooler is better than that of the air cooler; the heat transfer coefficient of the air side is lower than that of the water cooler, so the two coolers with basically the same cooling capacity, The water cooler is smaller in size, lighter in weight and lower in noise than the air cooler. At present, the maximum capacity of a single water cooler in China has reached more than 315kW, and it has reached more than 500kW abroad. The domestic water cooler adopts a single-tube structure, so there are too many cases where the cooling copper tube in the water cooler breaks and the cooling water enters the oil of the transformer. Because it is impossible to find out that the water has entered the transformer oil in time, it often causes the water to enter the transformer oil. The insulating performance of water transformer oil is greatly reduced, resulting in serious accidents of transformers in operation.

The water cooler has the advantages of high cooling efficiency and low noise. The double tube water cooler improves the reliability of the water cooler and is very suitable for areas with water sources. The technical performance and structure of the double-tube water coolers produced in China have reached the international level. When used in cold areas, the freezing problem of cooling water should be considered.

4. Radiator cooler

Generally, air coolers or water coolers are used as heat exchange devices for large and extra-large oil-immersed transformers. These two types of coolers have high cooling efficiency. However, due to the uninterrupted operation of oil pumps and fans, there are disadvantages such as high noise, high loss rate of auxiliary machines, and heavy maintenance workload. In order to solve the above contradiction, a new cooling method called "radiator cooler" has appeared in Europe. The heat dissipation cooler means that its heat dissipation surface is mainly a chip radiator, and it is cooled by a fan and an oil pump. When the transformer load rate is about 50%, the chip radiator is in a self-cooling state of oil-immersed self-cooling; when When the load rate of the transformer reaches about 75%, the fan is started, and the chip radiator is operated in an air-cooled state of oil immersion; when the transformer is fully loaded, the oil pump is started and put into operation, and the oil pump is put into strong oil-air-cooled operation.

It is not difficult to see that in order to maintain better heat dissipation performance, the above-mentioned transformers are forced to dissipate heat by external force, and natural heat dissipation is often limited by the structural layout of the box-type substation itself, and a natural heat dissipation system with good convection cannot be formed. The above-mentioned forced heat dissipation equipment has always been used to increase the number of equipment in the box-type substation, resulting in increased manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulties. In addition, the above-mentioned various auxiliary cooling devices have low environmental versatility, often because the environment in which the box-type substation is located Due to the limitation, it cannot play its best heat dissipation effect, or even cannot be applied at all.

In summary, the current box-type substations on the market have many problems, such as large size, inconvenient maintenance, poor natural heat dissipation performance, and poor environmental adaptability, which also limits the promotion of box-type substations in my country to a certain extent.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a box-type substation with reasonable structure and layout, small footprint, strong heat dissipation performance, easy maintenance and high safety factor.

For realizing the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A box-type substation includes at least a high-voltage switch room, a low-voltage switch room and a transformer room, wherein the high-voltage switch room, the low-voltage switch room and the transformer room are distributed in a stepped shape, and the equipment lines in the high-voltage switch room, the low-voltage switch room and the transformer room are arranged in steps. into M, U or V shape.

As a preferred solution, the high-voltage switch room, low-voltage switch room and transformer room of the box-type substation are distributed in upper and lower layers, and the equipment lines in the high-voltage switch room, low-voltage switch room and transformer room are M, U or V type.

As another preferred solution, the height of the high-voltage switch room and the low-voltage switch room of the box-type substation are the same, the heights of the high-voltage switch room and the low-voltage switch room are different from the height of the transformer room respectively, and the high-voltage switch room, the low-voltage switch room and the transformer The equipment lines in the room are M-shaped; in other words, the high-voltage switch room and the low-voltage switch room are distributed in staggered layers with the transformer room, respectively.

Preferably, the box-type substation may further include a metering room and/or a cable room.

More preferably, the metering room is a high-voltage metering room and/or a low-voltage metering room; wherein the high-voltage metering room is a live area, and is used for the high-voltage switch room to enter the transformer room; correspondingly, the low-voltage metering room is used for metering and is used for The transformer room area leads to the low-voltage switch room.

More preferably, the cable compartments are high-voltage cable compartments and low-voltage cable compartments.

More preferably, the high voltage switch chamber and the low voltage switch chamber are located on the same floor.

More preferably, the box-type substation is divided into two layers from top to bottom, wherein the upper layer includes a high-voltage switch room and a low-voltage switch room, and the lower layer includes a transformer room.

Preferably, the high-voltage switch room and the transformer room, and the low-voltage switch room and the transformer room in the box-type substation are distributed in a stepped layer.

More preferably, the side walls of each functional room in the box-type substation do not fit together, in other words, the high and low voltage switch rooms are not distributed back-to-back, and the high and low voltage switch rooms and transformer rooms are distributed in an inverted triangle shape (inverted" product"), so as to ensure good heat dissipation performance of each functional area.

More preferably, when the high-voltage switch room, low-voltage switch room and transformer room of the box-type substation are distributed in upper and lower layers, the bottom surface of the high-voltage switch room and the top surface of the transformer room, the bottom surface of the low-voltage switch room and the top surface of the transformer room are only Partial fit or non-fit makes the high-voltage switch room and the transformer room are arranged in a stepped arrangement, and the low-voltage switch room and the transformer room are arranged in a stepped arrangement; in other words, the top surface of the high-voltage switch room and the top surface of the transformer room and The top surface and the top surface of the transformer room form a step; the height of the step depends on the height of the high-voltage switch room and the low-voltage switch room respectively, and the width of the step can be determined according to the specific use site of the box-type substation.

More preferably, when the high-voltage switch room and low-voltage switch room of the box-type substation are distributed in staggered layers, the side walls of the high-voltage switch room and the low-voltage switch room are respectively attached to the two side walls of the transformer room so that the high-voltage switch The room and the low-voltage switch room are distributed in staggered layers with the transformer room respectively.

Preferably, the metering chamber communicates with the transformer chamber.

More preferably, a partition is added between the high-pressure metering chamber (charged chamber area) and the low-pressure metering chamber (measurement chamber area), and corresponding chamber doors are respectively provided for the high-pressure metering chamber (charged chamber area) and the low-voltage metering chamber (measurement chamber area) .

More preferably, locks or other protection devices are added to the door of each electrified area, such as the high-voltage metering chamber.

More preferably, the high-voltage cable room and the low-voltage cable room are respectively arranged on both sides of the transformer room, that is, under the high-voltage switch room and the low-voltage switch room.

As a preferred solution, a high-voltage switchgear is arranged in the high-voltage switch room, a low-voltage compensation device and a low-voltage outlet circuit are arranged in the low-voltage switch room, a transformer is arranged in the transformer room, and a high-voltage connecting the high-voltage switchgear and the transformer is arranged in the high-voltage metering room of the metering room. The incoming line, the low-voltage measuring room is equipped with the incoming line main switch and the metering equipment, and the high-voltage cable room and the low-voltage cable room of the cable room are respectively provided with high-voltage incoming lines and low-voltage outgoing lines; at this time, the lines of each equipment in the box-type substation are M-shaped , the structure is reasonable and compact, only 1/3 of the existing compact box-type substation.

As another preferred solution, the incoming cable is entered from the top of the box-type substation, that is, the incoming line is from the air; at this time, the lines of each equipment in the box-type substation are V-shaped.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a box-type substation. By designing a new frame structure of the box-type substation, the production and manufacturing of the box-type substation in the prior art requires individual customization and cannot be standardized and standardized. It is suitable for the configuration requirements of all box-type substations in the existing market (except for special requirements), and can be standardized to produce all kinds of equipment used in the box-type substation. It has the advantages of reasonable structure layout, convenient maintenance and high safety factor; among them , any of the above box-type substations includes a frame-type frame body and a plurality of partitions and/or panels, which are assembled by a frame-type frame body and a plurality of partition plates and/or panels, and the interior of the frame body is divided into multiple The functional room area includes at least the high-voltage switch room area, the low-voltage switch room area and the transformer room area of the box-type substation.

Preferably, the high-voltage switch room area, the low-voltage switch room area and the transformer room area are distributed in upper and lower layers or staggered layers, and the transformer room area is located at the lower layer (bottom layer) of the frame structure.

More preferably, the frame structure further includes a metering chamber area, the metering chamber area is located on the same layer as the high voltage switch chamber area and the low voltage switch chamber area, and is arranged between the high voltage switch chamber area and the low voltage switch chamber area.

More preferably, the upper layer of the frame structure is a high-voltage switch room area, a metering room area and a low-voltage switch room area in sequence, and the lower layer is a transformer room area, wherein the high-voltage switch room area is in contact with the side wall of the metering room area, and the low-voltage switch room area. The bottom wall of the high-voltage switch room area, the metering room area and the low-voltage switch room area are respectively fitted with part of the top wall of the transformer room area.

In order to further simplify the frame structure, the high-voltage switch room area and the metering room area share the same side wall, that is, the side wall that is attached to the high-voltage switch room area and the metering room area is the same partition. Similarly, the low-voltage switch room area and the metering room area The area shares a side wall.

More preferably, in order to further simplify the frame structure, the bottom wall of the high-voltage switch room area and part of the top wall of the transformer room area are the same partition. Part of the top wall is the same partition.

As a further preferred solution, in order to make full use of the internal space of the box-type substation, make the frame structure more compact, and further reduce the volume of the box-type substation, the measuring room area is connected with the transformer room area. There is no partition between the room area and the transformer room. More preferably, a panel that is movably connected to the corresponding functional area of the frame-type frame body is used as a door body to distinguish the metering room area and the transformer room area. At this time, the high and low voltage bushings of the transformer room in the transformer room can be placed in the metering room, which can effectively reduce the height of the box-type substation.

More preferably, the metering chamber area can be divided into a high pressure metering chamber area and a low pressure metering chamber area.

More preferably, charged equipment is arranged in the high-pressure metering chamber area, and metering equipment is arranged in the low-voltage metering chamber area; as a preferred embodiment, in order to make the high-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure metering When opening the door of the metering room area, the live equipment is exposed to prevent accidental electric shock. A partition is also added between the high-voltage metering room area and the low-voltage metering room area in the metering room area. Corresponding door bodies are arranged in the metering room area and the low-pressure metering room area.

More preferably, for safety reasons, the doors of all live parts of the box-type substation should be locked at ordinary times to prevent accidental opening by non-professionals.

More preferably, a corresponding observation window is provided on the door body of the metering room area. The technician does not need to open the door body, but can directly obtain the measurement information or record the data only through the observation window, which is safe and convenient.

In addition, the frame structure of the box-type substation also includes a cable room area, which can be divided into a high-voltage cable room area and a low-voltage cable room area. The high-voltage cable room area and the low-voltage cable room area are located on both sides of the transformer room area respectively. The high-voltage cables between the transformer room area and the high-voltage switch room and the low-voltage cables between the transformer room area and the low-voltage switch room.

More preferably, the cable room area may be on the same floor as the transformer room area, in other words, the cable room area and the transformer room area are at the same height.

More preferably, the cable room can be at the same height as the frame structure of the box-type substation, so as to be applicable to the two ways of entering and exiting the cable in the sky or underground.

What is more worth mentioning is that since the measuring room area and the transformer room area in the frame structure of the box-type substation are connected in the frame body, at this time, the transformer room can also extend into the spare space of the measuring room area, not limited to only housed in the transformer compartment. However, considering that the height of the transformer required in some special occasions will exceed the design height of the transformer room area in the above frame structure, and the free space in the metering room area of the box-type substation is not enough to fully accommodate the transformer, it is necessary to re-customize the appropriate frame. The structure is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and uneconomical, so the inventor also designed the frame structure of the box-type substation to be adjustable in size. Specifically, the height of the frame structure is adjustable in size. When the height of the required transformer exceeds the conventional transformer room area When the height of the frame structure is adjusted, the height of the transformer room area can be adjusted by a height adjusting member, so as to realize the accommodation of the transformer.

Preferably, when the frame structure is two-layered, the above-mentioned frame body is divided into an upper frame body and a lower layer frame body that are movably connected, the upper layer frame body can be sleeved on the lower layer frame body, and the upper frame body and the lower layer frame body partially overlap, as reserved There are a plurality of uniformly spaced through holes in the height direction of the reserved adjustment part, which are used as height adjustment holes. The upper and lower frame bodies can adjust the height of the lower frame body through the height adjustment holes, which can be realized by bolts and nuts. Install fixed.

As another preferred solution, the high-voltage metering room area and the high-voltage switch room area are located on the same layer, and the low-voltage metering room area and the low-voltage switch room area are located on the same layer.

It is worth mentioning that each functional equipment in the box-type substation is movably connected to the frame structure. In other words, the built-in equipment in each functional room area can be fixed or non-fixed, and a variety of mobile equipment can be flexibly selected, such as mutual Therefore, the box-type substation can greatly reduce the transportation cost and installation cost during production and installation. The installation can be completed only by installing the frame of the box-type substation and putting in the required equipment.

More preferably, corresponding partitions and/or panels can be added to the frame structure according to requirements to realize adding corresponding functional room areas, so that the box-type substation has better applicability, easier installation and transportation, and lower price.

More preferably, the frame-type frame body of the frame structure is formed by splicing square tubes or round tubes, which can be cut and/or welded or fastened on site during installation.

As another embodiment of the frame structure, the functional room area of the frame structure includes the high-voltage switch room area, the low-voltage switch room area, the transformer room area and the metering room area, as well as the negative control room area, CT and low-voltage busbar room. area, low-voltage incoming switch room area and reactive power compensation room area.

More preferably, the five functional room areas of the metering room area, the negative control room area, the CT and low-voltage busbar room area, the low-voltage incoming switch room area and the reactive power compensation room area constitute an integral room area, and the integral room area is located in the high , between the low-voltage switch room areas and above the transformer room area; in order to allocate space reasonably, the metering room area, the negative control room area, the CT and the low-voltage busbar room area constitute the A area of the overall room area, and the low-voltage incoming switch room area and the reactive power compensation room area constitute the B area of the overall room area, A and B are designed back-to-back, at this time, the present invention combines the metering room area, the negative control room area, the CT and low-voltage busbar room area, and the low-voltage incoming switch room area. Reasonable allocation of space and reactive power compensation room area, under the premise of ensuring the smooth operation of the box-type substation, can still maintain a small volume and footprint.

It is worth mentioning that the inventor has conducted further research on the heat dissipation problem that may be caused by reducing the volume of the box-type substation, and has created a The relative positional relationship between the line switch room area and the reactive power compensation room area is designed, that is, the metering room area is attached to the negative control room area, and the negative control room area is attached to the CT and low-voltage busbar room area. The line switch room area and the reactive power compensation room area are close to each other, but only the CT and low-voltage busbar room area is close to the low-voltage incoming line switch room area, and the rest of the non-contact area is connected to the transformer room area; the inventors disagree here. At least one fan is added to the sticking part. At this time, the non-contact part in the box-type substation forms an air-cooling channel, and the heat dissipation in the box-type substation, especially the transformer room area, can be realized by the air extraction of the fan. In addition, in order to further increase the ventilation volume of the air-cooling channel, the inventor changed the reactive power compensation room area to a stepped structure adaptively, that is, the two rows of capacitor equipment in the reactive power compensation room area are distributed in height, and the reactive power compensation room The bottom wall of the compensation room area is in a stepped shape, and the bottom wall near the central area of the box-type substation is slightly higher, that is, the area near the transformer is slightly higher. At this time, the volume of the air-cooling channel can be increased, that is, the heat dissipation of the transformer room area can be further strengthened. .

More preferably, the frame body is also provided with a plurality of feet for supporting the overall room area of the above five functional room areas, or the overall room area further assembled by the five functional room areas, which can facilitate installation and maintenance, In order to ensure the supporting effect, the feet are preferably welded with the frame body.

Correspondingly, the box-type substation using this frame structure is composed of high-voltage switch room, low-voltage switch room, transformer room and metering room, negative control room, CT and low-voltage busbar room, low-voltage incoming switch room and reactive power compensation room. The low-voltage switch room and the transformer room are arranged in staggered layers. The metering room, the negative control room, the CT and low-voltage busbar room, the low-voltage incoming switch room and the reactive power compensation room are all located above the transformer room, forming a multi-layer matching staggered layer. The new space structure makes the structure of the box-type substation more reasonable, and can fully dissipate heat to form natural heat dissipation. Compared with the products of the prior art, it has the huge advantages of small footprint, small volume, standardization and safe and convenient maintenance.

More preferably, in order to stabilize the box-type substation, a foundation can be built under it, and the foundation can adopt a brick structure, which is not only used for entering and exiting cables, but also better moisture-proof and moisture-proof and supports the use of the box-type transformer. The high and low voltage cables enter the foundation and then enter the box transformer. In addition, it is worth mentioning that, in order to avoid the problem that the supporting cable well cannot be installed due to the complex underground pipeline structure encountered in urban assembly, the cable well for maintenance and storage of redundant cables is not located directly under the box, correspondingly It can be installed in any underground part around the box-type substation. Cable wells for high and low-voltage cable wells are built for placing cables. In this way, not only can the height of the box-type substation be effectively reduced, but it is also convenient for operators to adjust the cables. Carry out daily maintenance; in addition, when the installation environment is different, the high and low voltage cable wells can be located on the same side of the box at the same time or on different sides of the box. In addition, the structure of the cable well can adopt the structure previously shown by the inventor as in Chinese Patent Application No. 2014102003714 or Chinese Patent ZL201420243069.2.

As a further preferred solution, a shell is added to the frame structure of the box-type substation, and the shell is the outer shell of the box-type substation. body.

Preferably, the upper shell is in the form of a door that can be opened on all four sides, and can be surrounded by four doors and a top plate that are hinged by hinged leaves, and the upper shell is covered with any of the above-mentioned box-type structures. Outside the substation and its frame structure, each door is in a normally closed and lockable state, which can prevent non-professionals from accidentally opening and avoid safety accidents.

More preferably, the door bodies on both sides are provided with ventilation slots, and the functional room area provided with the ventilation slots has no corresponding room door, in other words, the door body of the housing is the room door of the functional room area.

More preferably, the functional room area under the top plate is not provided with a top wall, in other words, the high and low voltage switch room area and the metering room area have no top wall, and these three room areas, that is, the transformer room area, are communicated with the shell, in order to ensure the heat dissipation effect, A gap is left between the top plate and the frame structure to facilitate exhaust heat dissipation.

More preferably, the top plate should be slightly larger than the frame structure, and there are water retaining grooves or drainage grooves around the top plate to prevent rainwater from entering the box. In addition, when the ambient temperature is high or the heat dissipation in the box needs to be further enhanced, the top plate can be provided with an air outlet at the corresponding position of the fan.

More preferably, the lower shell is a net-shaped shell, and a dust-proof and moisture-proof net can be correspondingly configured according to the working environment difference of the box-type substation.

In addition, in order to increase the aesthetics, environmental friendliness or warning safety of the box-type substation, the shell, especially the upper shell, can be configured as a billboard. The billboard can be selected from various types of billboards in the prior art, or It can be directly powered by the box-type substation and can also be used as a street light.

Preferably, the frame-type frame body of the frame structure is formed by splicing square tubes or round tubes, which can be cut and/or welded or fastened on site during installation.

More preferably, the frame body is provided with feet, and each functional room area is placed on the feet.

More preferably, each functional device in the box-type substation is movably connected to the frame structure, in other words, the built-in devices in each functional room area can be fixed or non-fixed, and a variety of mobile devices can be flexibly selected, such as interchangeability. Strong extraction, etc.

The application of the frame structure of any of the above box-type substations is used for arranging and protecting each substation equipment in the box-type substation.

Preferably, the box-type substation frame structure is suitable for various types of box-type substations.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a box-type substation to improve its heat dissipation performance, specifically by improving the heat dissipation mode of the transformer in the box-type substation; the box-type substation further includes a heat dissipation component, and the number of heat dissipation components is at least one. on the outer wall of the transformer but not in communication with the interior of the transformer.

Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly is provided in the oil-type transformer.

Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly includes a heat dissipation wall and a heat dissipation channel surrounded by the heat dissipation wall.

More preferably, in order to make full use of natural ventilation to achieve energy saving, environmental protection and efficient heat dissipation, both ends of the heat dissipation channel simultaneously penetrate a pair of opposite side walls of the four side walls of the transformer, that is, the two side walls that are not connected; or the top wall and the bottom wall; or the side walls. Wall and bottom wall; or the same side wall; or a combination of any or more of the above.

Preferably, the heat dissipation channel is parallel to the bottom wall of the transformer and penetrates a pair of opposite side walls among the four side walls of the transformer, ie the two non-connected side walls; or the heat dissipation channel is parallel to the transformer side wall and penetrates the top and bottom walls of the transformer.

It is worth mentioning that the heat dissipation assembly can greatly reduce the volume of the transformer, especially the oil-type transformer. When the transformer is an oil-type transformer, the heat dissipation channel can further match the structure of the oil-type transformer, reduce the manufacturing cost and reduce the complexity of the In the structure of the oil-type transformer, the heat dissipation channel is arranged in parallel with the side wall and runs through the bottom wall of the transformer. In addition, an auxiliary heat dissipation channel can be added to penetrate the side wall. The auxiliary heat dissipation channel can be made into a non-linear shape by bending both ends. When the heat dissipation component is in the shape of an elbow (bend channel), the arc of the elbow can be determined by the specific manufacturing process, and the arc with the lowest cost and stable performance in the prior art is selected. Different from conventional oil-type transformers, oil-type transformers using this cooling component can greatly reduce the amount of transformer oil, and reduce the number of cooling fins equipped with transformer oil or cooling agent, even without such cooling fins. achieve heat dissipation.

More preferably, in order to further ensure the heat dissipation effect, the length of the conventional transformer oil tank can be increased to increase the volume of the oil tank, thereby increasing the transformer oil in the transformer, thereby increasing the heat dissipation medium and further improving the heat dissipation effect.

In order to further reduce the volume and floor space of the box-type substation and still maintain better heat dissipation performance, as a preferred embodiment, the width (thickness) of the oil tank can be reduced on the basis of increasing the length of the transformer oil tank. Therefore, the oil tank still maintains the same volume of transformer oil as the conventional oil-type transformer.

More preferably, the cross-section of the heat dissipation wall is non-planar.

More preferably, the cross section of the heat dissipation wall is a corrugated surface.

More preferably, the cross section of the heat dissipation wall includes an arc-shaped wave-shaped surface and a polygonal wave-shaped surface.

More preferably, the cross-section of the heat dissipation channel includes a non-closed cross-section or a closed cross-section.

More preferably, the shape of the cross section of the heat dissipation channel includes but is not limited to rectangle, rhombus, circle, ellipse, triangle, trapezoid, hexagon, octagon or dodecagon.

More preferably, the shape of the cross section of the heat dissipation channel is preferably a rectangle, a rhombus, a circle or a hexagon.

In order to further improve the heat dissipation performance, especially the natural heat dissipation performance, as a preferred embodiment, the oil-type transformer is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins, and the heat dissipation fins communicate with the inside of the transformer oil tank. In other words, the transformer oil flows in the heat dissipation fins. . For the shape and installation position of the heat dissipation fins, reference may be made to oil-type transformers with heat dissipation fins in the prior art.

As a further preferred solution, the radiating fins are symmetrically installed on the two side walls of the oil-type transformer and communicate with the interior of the oil-type transformer. The transformer oil can circulate in each radiating fin, and bring heat into each radiating fin, and communicate with the outside through the radiating fins. The air is used for heat exchange and heat dissipation, and the two natural heat dissipation methods of air heat dissipation and transformer oil heat dissipation are skillfully and organically combined, and the natural heat dissipation effect is significantly increased. As a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation fins are installed on the two side walls of the oil-type transformer with a large distance between phases.

In addition, in order to further increase the air flow in the transformer room and improve the heat dissipation performance of the transformer room, multiple fans can be installed in the transformer room. The fans are installed on both sides of the transformer room. It can accelerate the air circulation speed in the heat dissipation channel and significantly increase the heat dissipation effect.

In addition, in order to further simplify the structure, save materials, protect the environment and save energy, the walls of the functional rooms or the functional rooms that are adjacent to each other in any of the above box-type substations or frame structures can be simplified to the same room wall, but the structural stability should be ensured as excellent.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The adopted multi-layer or staggered distribution structure makes full use of space, and makes a reasonable spatial layout according to the equipment that needs to be used in the box-type substation, so that the volume of the box-type substation is 1-3 times smaller than that of the traditional substation, which not only reduces the floor space. , and facilitate transportation and reduce transportation costs; and there is no need to make a large downward base for traditional box-type substations, which saves the difficulty of construction projects, reduces costs, and can avoid the moisture in the semi-buried base. Adverse effects on the equipment in the box-type substation. The adopted frame structure accommodates each functional room, has strong adaptability to the size of the transformer, and is suitable for the configuration requirements of almost all box-type substations in the existing market (except for special requirements). When overhauling and maintaining, you only need to open the door of the corresponding functional room area to take out or replace the equipment. Standard parts design, no need to manually drill into the frame for maintenance, which greatly improves the maintenance efficiency and safety factor. The high and low voltage switchgear is above the transformer, so that the live part and the ground can reach the protection height and improve the moisture-proof and moisture-proof of the whole equipment. At the same time, the contact area between the transformer room and the air increases, which speeds up the natural heat dissipation of the transformer. The oil-type transformer adds a cooling channel in the oil tank, so that the air can circulate freely in the cooling channel, which speeds up the heat dissipation efficiency of the internal cooling oil, and changes the traditional oil-type transformer only using cooling oil and the cooling mode on the outer wall to cool down; And it does not affect the main structure of the transformer to ensure its stability. The cables are stored in an independent cable room, which makes the design of the whole box-type substation modularized and has a clear structure; the high-voltage and low-voltage cable wells are used to connect with the underground cables, and there is no need to make the foundation foundation downward, which reduces the cost of construction work and avoids the need for underground cables. The moisture intrusion into the box-type substation damages the equipment, which greatly improves the installation efficiency and safety. Combined with the front and rear doors and the design of withdrawable equipment, it provides convenience for maintenance and installation and replacement, making the box-type substation easy to repair and replace; there is no need for maintenance personnel similar to traditional box-type substations to be transferred to the base or box-type substation before maintenance or repair. detection. The mesh-shaped casing is used as a protective cover for the transformer, which can not only protect the transformer from the impact of external forces, but also ensure the natural wind up and down convection, so that the transformer can continuously dissipate heat; Maintenance of substations is simpler and safer. Therefore, the application prospect of the present invention is very broad.

Description of drawings

1-2 are schematic structural diagrams of a preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the present invention;

3-6 are schematic structural diagrams of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the present invention;

7-8 are schematic structural diagrams of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the present invention;

10-16 are schematic structural diagrams of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the present invention;

17-20 are schematic structural diagrams of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the present invention;

21-23 are schematic structural diagrams of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The present invention provides a box-type substation. Figures 1 and 2 are the front view and perspective view of the box-type substation, as shown in Figure 1: the box-type substation is provided with a high-voltage switch room 1, a low-voltage switch room 2, a transformer Room 3, metering room 4 and cable room 5. The metering room 4 can also be used as a connection area for high and low voltage. The cable room 5 includes a high-voltage cable room 51 and a low-voltage cable room 52; it should be noted that the metering room can be a , the high-supply high meter or high-supply low meter method is adopted to save the corresponding functional equipment and simplify its structure, which can be called a high-pressure metering chamber or a low-pressure metering chamber; the high-pressure metering (connection) chamber 41 and the low-pressure metering chamber are used in this embodiment. The chambers 42 can all be used for metering, wherein the high-voltage metering chamber 41 is a live area, which is used for the incoming line from the high-voltage switch room 1 to the transformer chamber 3; Outgoing line to low-voltage switch room 2.

The invention firstly adjusts the structure of the box-type substation, changes the traditional single-layer structure, and divides the box-type substation into multiple layers. In a preferred embodiment, the box-type substation has upper and lower layers, wherein the high-voltage switch room 1, the high-voltage metering room 41 and the low-voltage metering room 42 of the metering room 4, and the low-voltage switch room 2 are arranged in order from left to right (along the X direction). , which constitutes the upper layer of the box-type substation. The high-voltage cable room 51, the transformer room 3 and the low-voltage cable room 52 are arranged from left to right to form the lower layer of the box-type substation.

In order to make full use of the internal space of the box-type substation and make the structure of the box-type substation more compact, the high-voltage metering room 41 and the low-voltage metering room 42 are connected with the transformer room 3, and only the functional room frame for installing the door body is reserved, so the transformer 31 Part of the box body and the high and low voltage bushings 32 at the top can be placed in the high-voltage metering chamber 4, thereby effectively reducing the height dimension of the box-type substation; 41 and the low-voltage metering room (metering room area) 42 are independent of each other to avoid exposing the live part while opening the door of the metering part to prevent accidental electric shock. A partition 43 is added between the area) 42 and the corresponding chamber doors 6 are respectively set for the high-voltage metering room (charged room area) 41 and the low-voltage metering room (metering room area) 42. The door 6 of the room 41 is usually provided with a lock 61 or other protective devices to prevent accidental opening by non-professionals.

It is worth mentioning that, in order to allocate space reasonably and improve the heat dissipation performance of the box-type substation, the inventor pioneered by connecting the bottom surface of the high-voltage switch room 1 with the top surface of the transformer room 3, and the bottom surface of the low-voltage switch room 2 with the transformer. The top surface of the chamber 3 is only partially fitted or not fitted, so that the high-voltage switch room 1 and the transformer room 3 are arranged in a stepped arrangement, and the low-voltage switch room 2 and the transformer room 3 are arranged in a stepped arrangement; in other words, the top surface of the high-voltage switch room 1 and the transformer The top surface of the chamber 3 forms a step, and similarly, the top surface of the low-voltage switch room 2 and the top surface of the transformer chamber 3 form a step; the height of the step is not greater than the height of the high-voltage switch room 1 or the low-voltage switch room 2; The width of the step can be determined according to the fit between the bottom wall of the high and low voltage switch room and the top wall of the transformer room. When the bottom wall of the high and low voltage switch room does not fit with the top wall of the transformer room, the width of the step is the largest. , that is, the width of the box-type substation is the largest. Correspondingly, the width of the steps can be determined according to the specific use site of the box-type substation. As a preferred embodiment, taking a 10KV box-type substation as an example, the size of the high-voltage switch room 1 is 1000mm×700mm×1000mm, the size of the low-voltage switch room is 1000mm×700mm×1000mm, and the size of the transformer room is 1450mm×700mm ×1200mm; wherein, the distance between the opposite surfaces of the high-voltage switch room 1 and the low-voltage switch room 2 is 1000mm, which can be used to distribute the metering room 4 or other functional compartments. At this time, the high and low voltage switch equipment of the box-type substation is above the transformer, and the live part is kept at a certain height from the ground, so the moisture-proof and moisture-proof performance of the live equipment is greatly improved. In addition, the transformer room 3 is separately arranged on the bottom layer of the multi-layer structure. Compared with the single-layer distribution in the box-type substation in the prior art, the heat dissipation barrier of the high-voltage switch room 1 and the low-voltage switch room 2 to the transformer room 3 is reduced. , the contact area between the transformer room 3 and the air is increased, the natural flow rate of the air in the transformer room 3 is accelerated, and the heat dissipation performance is improved. Further, the high-voltage cable room 51 and the low-voltage cable room 52 can be respectively arranged on both sides of the transformer room 3, that is, under the high-voltage switch room 1 and the low-voltage switch room 2; at this time, the upper layer of the box-type substation is sequentially from left to right. The high-voltage switch room 1, the metering room 4 and the low-voltage switch room 2; the lower layer from left to right is the high-voltage cable room 51, the transformer room 3 and the low-voltage cable room 52. The six functional rooms are in a cuboid structure. Correspondingly, each function The room is equipped with conventional substation equipment and circuits in the field. The high-voltage switch room 1 is provided with a high-voltage switch device 11, the low-voltage switch room 2 is provided with a low-voltage compensation device 21 and a low-voltage outlet circuit 22, and the transformer room 3 is provided with a transformer 31. The high-voltage metering room 41 of the metering room 4 is provided with a high-voltage incoming line 411 connecting the high-voltage switchgear and the transformer, the low-voltage metering room 42 is provided with an incoming line main switch 421 and a metering device 422, and the high-voltage cable room 51 of the cable room 5 and the low-voltage The high-voltage incoming line 511 and the low-voltage outgoing line 512 are respectively arranged in the cable room 52; at this time, each equipment line in the box-type substation is M-shaped, the structure is reasonable and compact, and the specific size can be sharply reduced to 3000mm×800(1000)mm×2200mm , which is only 1/3 of the existing compact box-type substation. More preferably, due to the different configuration requirements of box-type substations in different places, the selected transformers are also different, so under the premise that the volume of the transformer room 3 is fixed, the transformer room 3 can also accommodate transformers of different heights, and the height of the transformer can be increased to 1000- 1300mm, which should be determined according to the configuration requirements of the box-type substation.

Example 2

The only difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is the cable room 5. Figures 3 to 6 are schematic diagrams of the box-type substation. As shown in Figure 3, a two-layer structure is provided between the high-voltage cable room 51 and the low-voltage cable room 52. Along the X direction, the upper layer is the high-voltage switch room 1, the metering room 4 and the low-voltage switch room 2, and the lower layer is the transformer room 3; The structural improvement of the cable room 5 can realize that the incoming cables of the box-type substation can enter the line up and down, and it can be expanded and is suitable for the situation that the overhead line needs to enter the line from the top of the box-type substation. As shown in Figure 4, at this time, the incoming cable is fed from the bottom of the box-type substation, that is, from the underground; at this time, the lines of each equipment in the box-type substation are M-shaped. As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the incoming cables are entered from the top of the box-type substation, that is, from the air; at this time, the lines of each equipment in the box-type substation are V-shaped.

Example 3

The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the bottom surfaces of the high and low voltage switch rooms of the box-type substation are not in contact with the top surface of the transformer room, respectively, and the side walls of the high and low voltage switch rooms are respectively in contact with the two sides of the transformer room. The side walls are attached to each other, as shown in Figure 7, as a preferred embodiment, the side wall of the high-voltage switch room 1 in the box-type substation is attached to the side wall of the transformer room 3. Similarly, the low-voltage switch room 2 The side wall of the transformer room is in contact with the side wall of the transformer room 3. In addition, the bottom surface of the high and low voltage switch room is not flush with the top surface or bottom surface of the transformer room but parallel; at this time, the high and low voltage switch in the box-type substation The top view of the room and the transformer room is similar to the pin-shaped structure in the traditional box-type substation, but still retains the inventive point of the present invention, which is that each functional room area in the box-type substation is distributed in multiple layers (realized by staggered layers); such The structural transformation is to further reduce the height of the box-type substation, reduce its volume and be more conducive to maintenance, still maintain a certain height above the ground in the live area, and have good moisture-proof performance; as a further preferred embodiment, the metering room 4 The position of the cable can remain unchanged, but the opening direction of the control area or reading area can be adjusted, as shown in Figure 4. The cable compartment can be integrated into the high and low voltage switch compartments. As another embodiment, it can be arranged below the transformer room 3, as shown in FIG. 8, and can be set as a high-voltage cable room 51 and a low-voltage cable room 52 respectively; it can be used as the underground or above-ground part of the box-type substation, preferably underground part.

Example 4

In addition, in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art that the production and manufacture of box-type substations require individual customization and cannot be standardized and standardized, the inventor also provides a frame structure 7 for box-type substations. The frame of the box-type substation Structure 7 is suitable for the configuration requirements of almost all box-type substations in the existing market (except for special requirements), and can be standardized to produce various equipment used in the box-type substation. Figure 9 is a perspective view of a box-type substation. As shown in Figure 9, the frame structure of the box-type substation is a 10KV box-type substation that implements national and industrial design, process and inspection standards and can be standardized for mass production. .

Taking the box-type substation structure of Embodiment 1 as an example, the frame structure 7 is a two-layer structure corresponding to the upper and lower layers, and specifically includes a frame body 71 and a plurality of partitions and/or panels 72, and the frame body 71 cooperates with the partitions 72. It forms the framework of each functional room area of the above-mentioned box-type substation, specifically five functional room areas such as high-voltage switch room area 1', low-voltage switch room area 2', transformer room area 3', metering room area 4' and cable room area 5'. , respectively place high-voltage switch room 1, low-voltage switch room 2, transformer room 3, metering room 4 and cable room 5; further, the cable room area 5' is divided into high-voltage cable room area 51' and low-voltage cable room area 52', The high-voltage cable room 51 and the low-voltage cable room 52 are respectively placed correspondingly, and the metering room area 4' is divided into a high-voltage metering room area 41' and a low-voltage metering room area 42', and the high-voltage metering room 41 and the low-voltage metering room 42 are correspondingly placed respectively; It is explained that the structure of each functional room area of the frame structure is not unique, but flexibly adjusted with the structure of the corresponding box-type substation; the description of the frame structure of the box-type substation in this embodiment should not be regarded as only.

In addition, the frame structure 7 can cooperate with the chamber doors (not shown in the figure) in the above-mentioned box-type substation structure to form relatively independent functional room areas. ', 42' are provided with an observation window (not shown in the figure) on the matching chamber door, and the staff can record data directly through the observation window.

In order to reduce transportation and manufacturing costs, the frame structure adopts a metal frame body. In order to further reduce transportation and installation costs, the metal frame body 71 is assembled on site by means of cutting, or welding, or fastening, etc. Or the panel 81 can be spliced and formed on site.

In order to further increase the adaptability of the box-type substation, each functional equipment in the box-type substation is movably connected to the frame structure 7. In other words, the built-in equipment in each functional room area can be fixed or non-fixed, and can be flexibly selected. A variety of mobile equipment, such as the withdrawable type with strong interchangeability, so the box-type substation can greatly reduce the transportation cost and installation cost during production and installation. The installation of all equipment can be completed; when overhauling and maintenance, just open the door of the corresponding functional room area to take out or replace the equipment, which is extremely convenient, and has a wide view of maintenance, a large range of maintenance operations and tools, and simple equipment replacement. , and the corresponding equipment can be designed as a standard part, without manual drilling into the frame for maintenance, which greatly improves the maintenance efficiency and safety factor.

Generally speaking, since the measuring room area and the transformer room area are connected in the frame structure of the box-type substation, at this time, the transformer room can also be extended to the spare space of the measuring room area, not limited to being only accommodated in the transformer. In the indoor area, the height requirements of most transformers for box-type substations have been met, but considering that the height of the transformer required in some special occasions will exceed the design height of the transformer room area in the above frame structure, and the free space in the measurement room area It also cannot be fully accommodated. The inventor further improved the frame structure 7 of the box-type substation to make it adjustable in height; as shown in FIG. On the lower frame body 712, the upper frame body 711 and the lower frame body 712 are partially overlapped as a reserved height adjustment part; the overlapping part is provided with a plurality of through holes with the same spacing as the height adjustment holes 73; correspondingly, Matching with the height adjustment hole 73 also includes multiple sets of bolts and nuts 74 for positioning and installation and tightening; usually, the upper frame body 711 and the lower frame body 712 are in a normal state, that is, the height is the smallest state, which can be generally used in absolute Most of the commercially available transformers, and when the height of the transformer required in some special occasions exceeds the normal height of the transformer room area, and the spare space in the metering room area cannot accommodate it, the upper frame body 711 and the lower frame body 712 of the frame structure The height of the lower frame body 712 can be adjusted through the height adjustment hole 73, so that the height of the transformer room area can be adjusted. Install and fix, so as to realize the height adjustment process of the frame structure.

Example 5

Figures 10-15 are another preferred embodiment of the frame structure of the box-type substation provided by the present invention. Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, the frame structure of the box-type substation separates the cable room area of the embodiment 1-2 with the high and low voltage switches respectively. Room area integration, at this time, the frame structure of the box-type substation includes high-voltage switch room area 1', low-voltage switch room area 2', transformer room area 3', the cables entering and leaving the high and low-voltage switch room areas can be placed in the high-voltage switch room respectively. Therefore, at this time, the box-type substation can be used with the cable shaft to realize the maintenance of the cable.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the box-type substation. As shown in Figure 10, the high-voltage switch room area 1' and the low-voltage switch room area 2' are respectively attached to the side walls of the transformer room area 3' and the metering room area 4'. The bottom surface of the high and low voltage switch room area (1', 2') is not flush but parallel to the top or bottom surface of the transformer room area 3'; at this time, the high and low voltage switch room (1' , 2') and the top view of the transformer room area 3' is similar to the grid-shaped structure in the traditional box-type substation, but still retains the inventive point of the present invention, which is that each functional room area in the box-type substation is distributed in multiple layers (through wrong This can further simplify the structure and volume of the box-type substation, especially the floor area, which is suitable for the current urban power supply.

As a further preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, in addition to the metering room 4' above the transformer room 3', a negative control room 8', CT and low-voltage busbar room 9', The low-voltage incoming switch room area 10' and the reactive power compensation room area 11'; the above-mentioned five functional room areas constitute a whole room area, and the whole room area is located between the high and low voltage switch room areas and above the transformer room area; In order to distribute the space reasonably, the metering room area 4', the negative control room area 8', the CT and the low-voltage busbar room area 9' constitute the A area of the overall room area, the low-voltage incoming switch room area 10' and the reactive power compensation room area 11. 'Constituting the B area of the overall room area, A and B are designed back-to-back. At this time, the present invention divides the metering room area 4', the negative control room area 8', the CT and low-voltage busbar room area 9', and the low-voltage incoming switch room. The area 10' and the reactive power compensation room area 11' are reasonably allocated space positions, and under the premise of ensuring the smooth operation of the box-type substation, the volume and floor area can still be kept small. In addition, an observation window (not shown in the figure) is also provided on the measuring room 34, and the staff can record data directly through the observation window.

It is worth mentioning that the inventor has conducted further research on the heat dissipation problem that may be caused by reducing the volume of the box-type substation, and has created an original design for the metering room area 4', the negative control room area 8', CT and low-voltage busbar room. The relative positional relationship between area 9', low-voltage incoming switch room area 10' and reactive power compensation room area 11' is designed. As shown in Figure 12, the metering room area 4' is adjacent to the negative control room area 8'. Negative control room area 8' is close to CT and low-voltage busbar room area 9', correspondingly, low-voltage incoming switch room area 10' and reactive power compensation room area 11' are close to each other, but only CT and low-voltage busbar room area 9 'It is attached to the low-voltage incoming switch room area 10', and the remaining non-contacting part C is connected to the transformer room area 3'; the inventor has added at least one fan 12 in the C part, the position is shown in Figure 5, at this time, the An air-cooling channel 13 (ie, part C) is formed in the box-type substation. As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the air extraction of the fan 12 can achieve heat dissipation in the box-type substation, especially in the transformer room area. In addition, in order to further increase the ventilation volume of the air cooling channel 13, the inventor adapted the reactive power compensation room area 11' to a stepped structure, that is, the two rows of capacitor devices in the reactive power compensation room area 39 are distributed in height and low. And the bottom wall of the reactive power compensation room area 11' is in a stepped shape, and the bottom wall near the central area of the box-type substation is slightly higher, that is, the area near the transformer is slightly higher, and the volume of the air cooling channel 13 can be increased at this time, that is The heat dissipation of the transformer room area 3' is further enhanced.

In addition, in order to facilitate installation and maintenance, the metering room area 4', the negative control room area 8', the CT and low-voltage busbar room area 9', the low-voltage incoming switch room area 10' and the reactive power compensation room area 11' can be assembled uniformly Or assembled and transported separately, installed and assembled in the box-type substation at the place of use, and can be replaced and maintained as a whole in each sub-function room area, convenient maintenance and low-cost transportation, which can be realized by matching the feet 75 set on the frame structure, such as As shown in FIG. 15 , when installing the corresponding functional room area, it is only necessary to place the supporting feet 75 in the assembled functional room area to complete the installation; in order to ensure the supporting effect, the supporting feet 75 are welded with the frame body 71 of the frame structure, and the same as the embodiment 4 The difference is that at this time, the height of the frame body 71 is not adjustable and is an integral structure.

In order to stabilize the box-type substation, a foundation 14 can be built under it. The foundation 14 can be a brick structure, which is not only used for entering and exiting cables, but also better moisture-proof and moisture-proof and supports the use of the box. The height of the box is high. , The low-voltage cable enters the foundation 14 and then enters the box transformer. In addition, it is worth mentioning that, in order to avoid the problem that the supporting cable well 15 cannot be installed due to the complex underground pipeline structure encountered in urban assembly, the cable well 15 used for maintenance and storage of redundant cables is not located directly under the box. , Correspondingly, it can be set in any underground part around the box substation. As shown in Figure 16, the high and low voltage cable wells are each built with cable wells 15 for placing cables. In this way, not only can the box type substation be effectively reduced It is also convenient for operators to carry out daily maintenance of the cable; in addition, when the installation environment is different, the high and low voltage cable wells 15 can be located on the same side of the box-transformer at the same time or on different sides of the box-transformer. . In addition, the structure of the cable well can adopt the structure previously shown by the inventor as in Chinese Patent Application No. 2014102003714 or Chinese Patent ZL201420243069.2.

At this time, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the box-type substation using this frame structure consists of a high-voltage switch room 1, a low-voltage switch room 2, a transformer room 3, a metering room 4, a negative control room 8, CT and a low-voltage busbar room 9, The low-voltage incoming line switch room 10 and the reactive power compensation room 11 are composed. The high and low-voltage switch rooms and the transformer room are arranged in staggered layers, and the lines between the transformer room and the high and low switch rooms are V-shaped. The low-voltage busbar room, the low-voltage incoming switch room and the reactive power compensation room are all located above the transformer room, forming a new space structure with multiple layers and staggered layers, making the structure of the box-type substation more reasonable, and can fully dissipate heat. Forming natural heat dissipation, it has the huge advantages of small footprint, small volume, standardization and safe and convenient maintenance compared with the products of the prior art. As the above structure, the box-type substation only needs two high-voltage and low-voltage cable wells with the size of 800*800*1000 to connect with the underground cable, and there is no need to make a large foundation downward, which reduces the construction work cost and avoids the The intrusion of underground moisture into the box-type substation causes damage to various equipment, which greatly improves the installation efficiency and safety.

Example 6

The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment is that a casing 16 for the box-type substation is added on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment. Figs. 17-20 are schematic diagrams of the box-type substation in this embodiment, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18: the casing 16 is the casing of the box-type substation. Different from the casing of the box-type substation in the prior art, the casing 16 is divided into an upper casing 161 and a lower casing 162 which are movably connected.

As a preferred embodiment of the upper shell 161, the upper shell 161 is in the form of a door 1611 that can be opened on four sides, and can be surrounded by four doors 1611 and a top plate 1612 that are hinged by hinges. The upper shell 161 is sheathed outside the box-type substation and its frame structure of any of the above structures, and each door body 1611 is in a normally closed and lockable state, which can prevent non-professionals from accidentally opening and avoid safety accidents; Or when repairing the corresponding equipment, just open the door body 1611 and the corresponding room doors of each functional room area (not shown in the figure), you can directly understand the situation of the internal equipment, without the need for people to enter the station for maintenance, which is safer and more convenient; In order to make full use of the space and facilitate the activities of technicians, the door body 1611 can be opened upward as shown in FIG. 19 , and a hydraulic strut 16111 can be added to support the door body 1611 to be opened during maintenance. In addition, in order to save materials and ensure heat dissipation, the door bodies 1611 on both sides are provided with ventilation grooves 16111, and the functional room area with the ventilation grooves 16111 has no corresponding door, in other words, the door body 1611 of the housing is the function The chamber door of the chamber area, as in this embodiment, is the side chamber door of the high and low voltage switch chamber area.

As a preferred embodiment of the top plate 1612, as shown in Figures 19 and 20, the functional room area under the top plate 1612 is not provided with a top wall, in other words, the high and low pressure switch room areas (1', 2'), metering Room area 4', negative control room area 8', CT and low-voltage busbar room area 9', low-voltage incoming switch room area 10' and reactive power compensation room area 11' have no top wall, these three room areas and transformer room area 3' communicates with the casing 16. To ensure the heat dissipation effect, a gap 16121 is left between the top plate 1612 and the frame structure to facilitate exhaust heat dissipation. However, in order to prevent rain leakage, the top plate 1612 should be slightly larger than the frame structure, and there are water retaining grooves or drainage grooves around the top plate 1612 to prevent rainwater from entering the box. In addition, when the ambient temperature is high or the heat dissipation in the box needs to be further enhanced, the top plate 1612 can open an air outlet 16122 at the corresponding position of the fan 12, as shown in FIG. The way to achieve rain shelter will not be repeated here.

As a preferred embodiment of the lower shell 162, the lower shell 162 is specifically a mesh shell 162. The mesh shell can be assembled with the frame structure, or can be assembled after the frame structure is completed. After that, transport it to the place of use, and then carry out further welding; and according to the working environment of the box-type substation, a corresponding dust-proof and moisture-proof net (not shown in the figure) can be configured; at this time, the transformer room can be both dust-proof and moisture-proof in the box-type substation. It works relatively isolated under the protection of the net, and can maintain ventilation through the net to maintain good heat dissipation performance.

In addition, in order to increase the aesthetics, environmental friendliness or warning safety of the box-type substation, as shown in FIG. 17 , the casing 16, especially the upper casing 161 can be configured as a billboard, and the billboard can optionally be an existing billboard. All kinds of advertising boards in the technology can also be directly powered by box-type substations, which can also be used as street lights.

Example 7

In addition, in order to ensure that the box-type substation can maintain good heat dissipation performance under the premise of greatly reducing its own volume and footprint, the inventor has improved the transformer 31 of the box-type substation. Figures 21-23 are perspective views of the oil-type transformer. As shown in Figure 21, the transformer 31 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, including a transformer housing 311, transformer oil (not shown in the figure), working components (not shown in the figure) and heat dissipation The component 312, the transformer oil is contained in the casing 311, the working component includes the iron core and the winding, the heat dissipation component 312 is composed of the heat dissipation wall 3121 and the heat dissipation channel 3122 formed around it; the heat dissipation component 312 is arranged in the transformer casing 311 but not Internally communicated with the transformer 31 .

The cross-section of the heat dissipation wall 3121 is a wave-shaped surface. Compared with a flat-shaped cross-section, the wave-shaped cross-section has a larger cross-sectional area and a larger heat exchange area with the inside of the transformer, which is more conducive to heat dissipation. The cross section of the heat dissipation channel 3122 is circular, which is convenient for manufacturing. In addition, the track line of the heat dissipation element 312 is straight, so that the heat dissipation element 312 is in the shape of a hollow tube as a whole. It should be noted here that the cross-sectional shapes of the heat dissipation wall and the heat dissipation channel are not unique, but can be flexibly adjusted according to the structure of the corresponding transformer; in this embodiment, the cross-sectional shapes of the heat dissipation wall and the heat dissipation channel of the heat dissipation assembly Descriptions should not be considered unique.

In order to make full use of the internal space of the transformer 31 and improve the natural heat dissipation performance inside the transformer 31, both ends of the heat dissipation channel 3122 pass through a pair of opposite side walls 3111 and 3113 of the four side walls of the transformer 31 at the same time, and the heat dissipation component 312 is fixedly installed on the side walls by welding. The walls 3111 and 3113 do not communicate with the interior of the transformer 31 . As shown in FIG. 11 , the heat dissipation components 312 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transformer 31, and are evenly distributed on both sides of the transformer working component (not shown in the figure) in the middle position from top to bottom. When the transformer 31 is in the working state, The heat dissipated by the working components is absorbed by the multiple sets of heat dissipation components 312 and is brought to the outside air by the naturally circulating circulating air through the heat dissipation channel for natural dissipation. The air flow is stronger, and the natural heat dissipation effect is remarkable. It is worth mentioning that the heat dissipation system uses air as the heat dissipation medium, and makes full use of the principle of air circulation and convection in the heat dissipation channel to achieve natural heat dissipation, low carbon and environmental protection, high efficiency and energy saving, and does not affect the main structure of the box-type substation and ensures good natural Under the premise of heat dissipation performance, the volume of the transformer is greatly reduced, and it has a very broad application prospect and promotion value.

It is worth mentioning that, because the working components (not shown in the figure) of the transformer 31 are located in the inner central area, the heat dissipation components 312 cannot pass through the central area, but can only be distributed on both sides, which reduces the power of the transformer to a certain extent. The natural heat dissipation performance inside the transformer 31, therefore, in order to more fully utilize the internal space of the transformer 31, increase the heat exchange area between the heat dissipation component and the interior of the transformer 31, and improve the heat dissipation effect, the inventor made a heat dissipation structure on the basis of the above transformer. Improve.

As shown in FIG. 21 , 10 sets of symmetrical and evenly distributed heat dissipation components 313 are added on the opposite side walls 3111 and 3113 of the transformer 31 in the area corresponding to the working components of the transformer 31 . Each independent heat dissipation component is composed of a non-planar heat dissipation wall 3131 and a square heat dissipation channel 3132 formed around it. The three heat dissipation components of each group are evenly spaced, and their corresponding trajectories are C-shaped and all in the In the same vertical plane, the large heat dissipation component 313a is located at the outermost side, the medium heat dissipation component 313b is located in the middle, and the small heat dissipation component 313c is located at the innermost side. 3113 , the heat dissipation components 313 are fixedly mounted on the side walls 3111 and 3113 by welding, and are not communicated with the interior of the transformer 31 . The heat dissipation assembly 312 and the heat dissipation assembly 313 are used together, so that the heat dissipation system is evenly distributed around the transformer working assembly (not shown in the figure). The heat dissipation component 313 absorbs from the surrounding, and is carried by the naturally circulating circulating air to the outside air through the heat dissipation channel for natural dissipation, which further improves the heat dissipation performance and improves the heat dissipation effect on the basis of the heat dissipation structure of the transformer.

In addition, in order to make more full use of the natural cold air at the bottom of the transformer room area 3' to dissipate heat, promote the circulation of cold air in the transformer room area 3', and further improve the heat dissipation effect in the transformer room area 3', the inventors have Based on the heat dissipation structure, the heat dissipation of the transformer has been further improved. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the structure of the oil-type transformer. As shown in Fig. 22, the transformer 31 includes two sets of heat dissipation components 314. The two ends of the heat dissipation channel 3141 respectively penetrate the side wall 3111 and the bottom wall 3116 and the side wall 3113 and the bottom wall 3116. Since the cold air is mostly concentrated at the bottom of the transformer room area 3', this layout is conducive to the heat exchange between the cold air at the bottom of the transformer room area 3' and the hot air in the middle and upper part. The air can be circulated, so that the temperature of all parts in the transformer room area 3' from top to bottom can be uniform, avoiding local overheating, greatly improving the heat dissipation performance of the transformer 31, and broadening the application area of the compact box-type substation.

In addition, in order to further improve the heat dissipation performance of the compact box-type substation and further improve the heat dissipation effect, the inventor has further improved the heat dissipation of the transformer 31 on the basis of any of the above transformers 31. The first transformer structure shown is taken as an example for detailed description. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the structure of the oil-type transformer. As shown in Fig. 23, compared with the first type of transformer, the length of the oil tank of the transformer 31 is increased, and the corresponding volume of the oil tank is increased, so the length of the transformer is not greater than that of the tank. Under the premise of the length of the substation, the transformer oil in the transformer increases, thereby increasing the heat dissipation medium inside the transformer, further improving the heat dissipation performance and improving the heat dissipation effect.

In order to better promote the circulating flow of the transformer oil inside the transformer 31 and increase the heat exchange area between the transformer oil and the outside of the transformer 31, the transformer 31 is provided with two sets of symmetrical cooling fins 315, and each set of cooling fins 315 is composed of 15 independent cooling fins. The radiating fins 3151 are formed, and each radiating fin 3151 has a C-shaped hollow structure, which is symmetrically arranged on the opposite side walls 3112 and 3114 of the transformer 31, and communicates with the interior of the transformer 31, and the transformer oil can circulate in each radiating fin 3151. The heat generated by the working components is carried into each radiating fin 3151 by the flowing transformer oil, and the radiating fins 3151 conduct heat exchange with the external air to dissipate heat. The transformer 31 of this structure makes full use of the increased transformer room area 3' due to the arrangement of the high-voltage switch room area (not shown in the figure) and the low-voltage switch room area (not shown in the figure) in the upper and lower multi-layer box-type substations It also makes up for the shortage of transformer oil reduction due to the installation of heat dissipation components 312 and 313, which weakens the oil circulation heat dissipation, and the two natural heat dissipation methods of air heat dissipation and transformer oil heat dissipation are cleverly and organically combined, which greatly improves the box. The natural heat dissipation performance of the type substation.

It is worth mentioning that, in order to further increase the air flow in the transformer room and improve the heat dissipation performance of the transformer room area 3', multiple fans (not shown in the figure) can also be installed in the transformer room area 3'. On both sides of the transformer 31, the blowing direction is consistent with the direction of the heat dissipation channels 3122 and 3132, which can accelerate the air circulation speed in the heat dissipation channels 3122 and 3132, and significantly increase the heat dissipation effect.

It should be noted that the number of heat dissipation components shown in this embodiment and the pipe diameter or cross-sectional area of the formed heat dissipation channel are not unique, and those skilled in the art can make modifications or improvements on this basis, which are still regarded as falling. It falls into the protection scope of the technical solution provided by the present invention.

Finally, it is necessary to explain here: the above embodiments are only used to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Non-essential improvements and adjustments belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (67)

1. A box-type substation, its characterized in that: the system at least comprises a high-voltage switch room area, a low-voltage switch room area, a transformer room area, a cable room area, a metering room area, a load control room area, a CT (computed tomography) and low-voltage busbar room area, a low-voltage wire-incoming switch room area and a reactive compensation room area; the metering chamber area, the load control chamber area, the CT and low-voltage busbar chamber area, the low-voltage incoming line switch chamber area and the reactive power compensation chamber area are designed back to back; the metering chamber is communicated with the transformer chamber, and the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are distributed in a multi-layer or staggered manner from top to bottom; when the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are distributed in an up-down multilayer manner, the bottom surface of the high-voltage switch chamber and the top surface of the transformer chamber are only partially attached or not attached, so that the high-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are arranged in a step manner, and the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are arranged in a step manner; when the transformer chamber is distributed in a staggered manner, the side walls of the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are respectively attached to the two side walls of the transformer chamber, and a step is formed between the top surface of the high-voltage switch chamber and the top surface of the transformer chamber and between the top surface of the low-voltage switch chamber and the top surface of the transformer chamber; and the equipment circuits in the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are M, U or V-shaped.

2. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are the same in height, the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are different in height from the transformer chamber, and equipment circuits in the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are M-shaped.

3. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the box substation may also comprise a metering room and/or a cable room.

4. The box substation of claim 3, characterized in that: the metering chamber is a high-pressure metering chamber and/or a low-pressure metering chamber; the high-voltage metering chamber is a charged area and is used for leading the high-voltage switch chamber into the transformer chamber.

5. The box substation of claim 3, characterized in that: the cable chamber is a high-voltage cable chamber and a low-voltage cable chamber.

6. The box substation of claim 3, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are positioned on the same layer.

7. The box substation of claim 3, characterized in that: the box-type substation is divided into two layers from top to bottom, wherein the upper layer comprises a high-voltage switch chamber and a low-voltage switch chamber, and the lower layer comprises a transformer chamber.

8. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber, and the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber in the box-type transformer substation are distributed in a stepped layered manner.

9. The box substation of claim 8, characterized in that: and the side walls of all functional chambers in the box-type substation are not attached.

10. The box substation of claim 8, characterized in that: when the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber of the box-type transformer substation are distributed in an up-down multilayer manner, the bottom surface of the high-voltage switch chamber is only partially attached or not attached to the top surface of the transformer chamber, so that the high-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are arranged in a stepped manner, and the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are arranged in a stepped manner.

11. The box substation of claim 8, characterized in that: when the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber of the box-type transformer substation are respectively distributed in a staggered manner, the side walls of the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are respectively attached to the two side walls of the transformer chamber, so that the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are respectively distributed in a staggered manner with the transformer chamber.

12. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the metering chamber is communicated with the transformer chamber.

13. The box substation of claim 4, characterized in that: a partition board is additionally arranged between the high-pressure metering chamber and the low-pressure metering chamber, and corresponding chamber doors are respectively arranged for the high-pressure metering chamber and the low-pressure metering chamber.

14. The box substation of claim 12, characterized in that: locks or other protection devices are additionally arranged on the door of each charged area, such as the high-voltage metering chamber.

15. The box substation of claim 5, characterized in that: the high-voltage cable chamber and the low-voltage cable chamber are respectively arranged at two sides of the transformer chamber, namely below the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber.

16. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber is internally provided with high-voltage switch equipment, the low-voltage switch chamber is internally provided with low-voltage compensation equipment and a low-voltage outgoing line loop, a transformer is arranged in the transformer chamber, a high-voltage incoming line for connecting the high-voltage switch equipment and the transformer is arranged in the high-voltage metering chamber of the metering chamber, an incoming line main switch and the metering equipment are arranged in the low-voltage metering chamber, and a high-voltage incoming line and a low-voltage outgoing line are respectively arranged in the high-voltage cable chamber and the low-voltage cable chamber of the cable chamber.

17. The box substation of claim 16, characterized in that: the incoming cable is led in from the upper part of the box-type transformer substation, namely from the air; at the moment, each equipment line of the box-type substation is in a V shape.

18. The box-type substation according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: the box-type substation also comprises a frame structure, wherein the frame structure comprises a frame-type frame body and a plurality of partition plates and/or panels, the frame-type frame body and the partition plates and/or panels are assembled and installed to divide the interior of the frame body into a plurality of function room areas, each function room area at least comprises a high-voltage switch room area, a low-voltage switch room area and a transformer room area, the high-voltage switch room areas, the low-voltage switch room areas and the transformer room areas are distributed in a multi-layer or staggered-layer mode from top to bottom, and the transformer room areas are located on the lower layer of the frame structure.

19. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber area, the low-voltage switch chamber area and the transformer chamber area are distributed in an up-down multilayer or staggered layer mode, and the transformer chamber area is located on the lower layer of the frame structure.

20. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the frame structure also comprises a metering chamber area, and the metering chamber area, the high-voltage switch chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area are positioned on the same layer and are arranged between the high-voltage switch chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area.

21. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the upper layer of the frame structure is a high-voltage switch chamber area, a metering chamber area and a low-voltage switch chamber area in sequence, the lower layer is a transformer chamber area, the high-voltage switch chamber area is attached to the side wall of the metering chamber area, the low-voltage switch chamber area is spliced with the side wall of the metering chamber area, and the bottom walls of the high-voltage switch chamber area, the metering chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area are respectively attached to the partial top wall of the transformer chamber area.

22. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber area and the metering chamber area share one side wall, namely the side wall where the high-voltage switch chamber area and the metering chamber area are attached is the same partition plate, and similarly, the low-voltage switch chamber area and the metering chamber area share one side wall.

23. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom wall of the high-voltage switch chamber area and part of the top wall of the transformer chamber area are the same partition plate, and correspondingly, the bottom walls of the metering chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area and part of the top wall of the transformer chamber area are the same partition plate.

24. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the metering chamber area is communicated with the transformer chamber area.

25. The box substation of claim 24, characterized in that: a panel movably connected with the corresponding functional area of the frame type frame body is used as a door body to distinguish a metering chamber area and a transformer chamber area.

26. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the metering chamber region can be divided into a high pressure metering chamber region and a low pressure metering chamber region.

27. The box substation of claim 26, characterized in that: and the high-voltage metering chamber area is internally provided with live equipment, and the low-voltage metering chamber area is internally provided with metering equipment.

28. The box substation of claim 27, wherein: a partition is additionally arranged between the high-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure metering chamber area of the metering chamber area, and corresponding door bodies are respectively arranged for the high-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure metering chamber area.

29. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: and the metering chamber area door body is provided with a corresponding observation window.

30. The box substation of claim 19, characterized in that: the frame structure of the box-type substation further comprises a cable chamber area which can be divided into a high-voltage cable chamber area and a low-voltage cable chamber area, and the high-voltage cable chamber area and the low-voltage cable chamber area are respectively located on two sides of the transformer chamber area.

31. The box substation of claim 30, wherein: the cable compartment area may be co-level with the transformer compartment area.

32. The box substation of claim 30, wherein: the cable chamber may be level with the frame structure of the box substation.

33. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: work as when frame construction is two-layer, above-mentioned support body divide into swing joint's upper strata and lower floor's support body, and the upper strata support body can cup joint on lower floor's support body, and the part overlaps between the upper and lower floor's support body, and as the regulation part of reserving, it has the even through-hole of a plurality of intervals to reserve the direction of height of regulation part to open in, as the altitude mixture control hole, the floor height of upper and lower floor's support body accessible altitude mixture control lower floor's support body to realize through bolt and nut that the installation is fixed.

34. The box substation of claim 33, wherein: the high-pressure metering chamber area and the high-pressure switch chamber area are located on the same layer, and the low-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure switch chamber area are located on the same layer.

35. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: each functional device in the box-type substation is movably connected with the frame structure.

36. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the frame structure can be added with corresponding partition plates and/or panels according to requirements to realize the addition of corresponding functional chamber areas.

37. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the functional room area of the frame structure comprises a high-voltage switch room area, a low-voltage switch room area, a transformer room area and a metering room area, and is additionally provided with a load control room area, a CT (current transformer) and low-voltage busbar room area, a low-voltage incoming line switch room area and a reactive power compensation room area.

38. The box substation of claim 37, wherein: the five functional room areas, namely the metering room area, the load control room area, the CT and low-voltage busbar room area, the low-voltage incoming line switch room area and the reactive compensation room area, form an integral room area, and the integral room area is positioned between the high-voltage switch room area and the low-voltage switch room area and above the transformer room area.

39. The box substation of claim 38, wherein: the metering chamber area is attached to the negative control chamber area, the negative control chamber area is attached to the CT and low-voltage busbar chamber area, correspondingly, the low-voltage incoming line switch chamber area is attached to the reactive compensation chamber area, only the CT and low-voltage busbar chamber area are attached to part of the low-voltage incoming line switch chamber area, and the rest parts which are not attached to each other are communicated with the transformer chamber area.

40. The box substation of claim 39, wherein: at least one fan is additionally arranged on the non-attached part, at the moment, the non-attached part in the box-type substation forms an air cooling channel, and heat dissipation in the box-type substation, especially heat dissipation in a transformer room area, can be realized through air extraction of the fan.

41. The box substation of claim 40, wherein: the reactive compensation chamber area is adaptively changed into a stepped structure.

42. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the frame body is also provided with a plurality of support legs for supporting the integral chamber areas of the high-voltage switch chamber area, the low-voltage switch chamber area, the transformer chamber area, the high-voltage metering chamber area and the low-voltage metering chamber area, or the integral chamber areas after the five functional chamber areas are further assembled.

43. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: a foundation is built below the box-type substation, the foundation can be of a brick structure, the foundation is used for preventing moisture and damp and supporting the box-type substation, cables can pass in and out better, and high-voltage cables and low-voltage cables passing in and out of the box-type substation enter the foundation and then enter the box-type substation.

44. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the frame structure of the box-type substation is additionally provided with a shell, the shell is an outer shell of the box-type substation, and the shell is correspondingly divided into an upper shell and a lower shell which are movably connected according to the upper layer and the lower layer of the frame structure.

45. The box substation of claim 44, wherein: the upper shell is in a door body form with four sides capable of being opened, and can be formed by surrounding four door bodies and a top plate which are hinged through hinges respectively, and the upper shell is sleeved outside the box-type substation and the frame structure thereof.

46. The box substation of claim 45, wherein: the door bodies on the two sides are provided with ventilation grooves, and the function room area provided with the ventilation grooves is not provided with corresponding room doors, in other words, the door body of the shell is the room door of the function room area.

47. The box substation of claim 45, wherein: the functional chamber area under the top plate is not provided with a top wall.

48. The box substation of claim 45, wherein: the top plate is slightly larger than the frame structure, and water retaining grooves or drainage grooves are formed in the periphery of the top plate.

49. The box substation of claim 48, wherein: the top plate can be provided with an air outlet at the corresponding position of the fan.

50. The box substation of claim 45, wherein: the lower shell is a net-shaped shell, and a dustproof and moistureproof net can be correspondingly configured according to the working environment difference of the box-type substation.

51. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the frame-type frame body of the frame structure is formed by splicing square tubes or round tubes.

52. The box substation of claim 51, wherein: the frame type frame body is provided with support legs, and all the functional chamber areas are placed on the support legs.

53. The box substation of claim 51, wherein: each functional device in the box-type substation is movably connected with the frame structure.

54. The box-type substation according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: the box-type substation also comprises at least one heat dissipation assembly which is arranged on the outer wall of the transformer but is not communicated with the interior of the transformer.

55. The box substation of claim 54, wherein: the heat dissipation assembly is arranged in the oil type transformer.

56. The box substation of claim 54, wherein: the heat dissipation assembly comprises a heat dissipation wall and a heat dissipation channel formed by the heat dissipation wall in a surrounding mode.

57. The box substation of claim 56, wherein: two ends of the heat dissipation channel simultaneously penetrate through a pair of opposite side walls, namely two unconnected side walls, of the four side walls of the transformer; or a top wall and a bottom wall; or a side wall and a bottom wall; or the same side wall; or a combination of any one or more of the above.

58. The box substation of claim 56, wherein: the heat dissipation channel is parallel to the bottom wall of the transformer and penetrates through a pair of opposite side walls, namely two unconnected side walls, of the four side walls of the transformer; or the heat dissipation channel is parallel to the side wall of the transformer and penetrates through the top wall and the bottom wall of the transformer.

59. The box substation of claim 54, wherein: the heat dissipation assembly can be additionally provided with an auxiliary heat dissipation channel penetrating through the side wall, the auxiliary heat dissipation channel can be made into a nonlinear shape by bending two ends, at the moment, the heat dissipation assembly is in a bent pipe shape, the radian of the bent pipe can be determined by a specific manufacturing process, and the radian with the lowest cost and stable performance in the prior art is selected.

60. The box substation of claim 59, wherein: the cross section of the heat dissipation wall is non-planar.

61. The box substation of claim 59, wherein: the cross section of the heat dissipation wall is a wavy surface.

62. The box substation of claim 59, wherein: the cross section of the heat dissipation wall comprises an arc-shaped wavy surface and a polygonal wavy surface.

63. The box substation of claim 59, wherein: the cross section of the heat dissipation channel comprises an unsealed cross section or a closed cross section.

64. The box substation of claim 63, wherein: the shape of the cross-section of the heat dissipation channel includes, but is not limited to, a rectangle, a diamond, a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a trapezoid, a hexagon, an octagon, or a dodecagon.

65. The box substation of claim 63, wherein: the shape of the cross section of the heat dissipation channel is preferably rectangular, rhombic, circular or hexagonal.

66. The box substation of claim 55, wherein: a plurality of radiating fins are arranged outside the oil type transformer and communicated with the inside of the transformer oil tank.

67. The box substation of claim 66, wherein: the heat dissipation fins are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the oil type transformer and communicated with the inside of the oil type transformer.

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