CN105762692B

CN105762692B - Box-type substation

Info

Publication number: CN105762692B
Application number: CN201510511684.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁茂银
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Hunan Guoao Power Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2015-01-01
Filing date: 2015-08-19
Publication date: 2022-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2035-08-19
Also published as: CN105762663B; CN105762692A; CN205051222U; CN105762663A

Abstract

The invention discloses a box-type transformer substation which at least comprises a high-voltage switch chamber, a low-voltage switch chamber and a transformer chamber, wherein the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are distributed in a step shape, and equipment circuits in the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are M, U or V-shaped. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts an up-down multilayer distribution structure for the first time, so that the volume of the box-type transformer substation is reduced by 1-3 times compared with the traditional transformer substation, the floor area is reduced, the transportation is convenient, and the transportation cost is reduced; and need not make the decurrent base of traditional type box-type substation, save the degree of difficulty of construction engineering, reduce cost more can avoid the harmful effects to each equipment in the box-type substation that brings because the moisture in the half buries formula base.

Description

Box-type substation

Technical Field

The invention relates to a transformer substation, in particular to a box-type transformer substation, and belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment.

Background

The box-type transformer substation organically combines the functions of high-voltage power receiving, transformer voltage reduction, low-voltage power distribution and the like and is installed in a fully-closed and movable steel structure box. The box-type transformer substation has a series of advantages of strong set, short power transmission period, strong environmental adaptability, convenient installation, safe and reliable operation, less investment, quick effect and the like, so the box-type transformer substation is widely used for public power distribution in urban network construction and transformation. Along with the acceleration of the modernization process of municipal construction, the box-type substation gradually replaces the original civil engineering distribution room and becomes a novel complete set of distribution device.

The traditional box-type substation mainly comprises an American box-type substation and an European box-type substation according to the structure, wherein various devices in the box-type substation are different in height and are arranged in a plane in a triangular or mesh shape. From a technical point of view, the main drawbacks of the box-type substation are poor heat dissipation: because the structure combines various electrical equipment in a relatively sealed large box body, but the requirements of moisture resistance, water resistance, moisture resistance, sealing property and the like are met, the heat dissipation performance in the box body is limited, and the temperature rise problem caused by poor heat dissipation performance can cause the temperature rise of the electrical equipment in the box body to exceed the standard, thereby influencing the service life and the safety of the equipment. In the prior art, an electric fan or other devices are commonly added to forcibly cool so as to ensure that the temperature does not exceed the standard, but the cooling and heat dissipation effects are not good. In addition, the heat dissipation performance of the box-type substation is poor, so that the floor area of the box-type substation has to be increased to maintain the heat dissipation space of each component in the box body. From the above, the requirement of heat dissipation performance in the box-type substation and the box volume and the floor area thereof have become a pair of spears, which results in limitation of capacity and use.

Therefore, in the later stage, the research on the box-type substation focuses on further reducing the volume and/or the occupied area of the box-type substation on the premise of maintaining the required heat dissipation performance. In the prior art, the above purpose is mainly achieved by two ways: 1. semi-buried (also called buried) box type transformer substation, 2, compact box type transformer substation. The two box-type substations have different disadvantages, specifically:

1. the box-type transformer substation mainly reduces the ground volume of the box-type transformer substation by burying one half or more box parts of the box-type transformer substation underground or burying the whole transformer part underground, so that the floor area of the box-type transformer substation cannot be reduced; before installation and use, a box-type substation base with the size of about (2.4 x 3.4) and an installation foundation with the depth of about (1.5-1.8m) are arranged on the ground. When the box-type transformer substation is put into use, not only is high-cost ground construction required, but also the box-type transformer substation is directly placed on the ground of a foundation when the box-type transformer substation is used. Because the foundation is easy to accumulate water and the moisture is large, the ventilation effect is poor, the components are easy to damage, and in addition, due to the weight of the box-type substation, the abnormal conditions such as geological change or equipment accumulation and the like are extremely difficult to discover, so that safety accidents are easy to occur. Especially when the underground water power and communication system is put into use in old cities, the underground water power and communication system is densely distributed, so that the construction is inconvenient, and great inconvenience is brought to road traffic. Chinese patent applications CN2012206032235.2 and 201210152564.8 both disclose a structure of a semi-buried box-type substation. The semi-buried box type transformer substation is arranged under the ground, so the volume of the box type transformer substation on the ground is greatly reduced, but because the transformer is arranged under the bottom surface, the predictability to safety accidents is not strong, the damp underground environment has large damage to equipment, the influence of moisture in a foundation base on the equipment is also great, and the safety accidents are more easily caused by accumulated water in rainy seasons.

2. The compact box-type transformer substation mainly reduces the volume and the floor area at the same time, and the floor area is reduced by the volume reduction, but the requirement of installing a foundation can not be avoided. For example, four patents, namely chinese patent applications CN201220341565.2, cn201220049333.x, CN201010165374.0 and CN03267020.6, all disclose a compact transformer substation. The common characteristics of the two are that the internal structures of the box-type substation are arranged and distributed differently on the same horizontal plane so as to reduce the floor area of the box-type substation. However, the arrangement only reduces the floor area of the box-type substation in a local direction, does not change the plane delta-shaped or mu-shaped structure of the traditional box-type substation, and cannot greatly reduce the space volume of the box-type substation.

Therefore, the box-type transformer substation in the prior art is large in size, the attractiveness of a city or a street is influenced, and the box-type transformer substation is limited to be used in a narrow city street or other narrow spaces. Each box-type substation is required to be assembled before leaving factory, and the whole machine is transported, so that one ten-ton transport vehicle can only transport one box-type substation or one transport vehicle ten meters long can only transport two box-type substations, and resources are wasted greatly; due to the fact that the use environment or technical parameters of the box-type substation require that the box-type substation adopts an individual customized mode and cannot be used as a standard part for batch production, a large amount of various devices and accessories used for the box-type substation are filled in the market, specifications are different, standards are different, production waste is caused, and energy conservation and environmental protection are not facilitated. In addition, the various box-type substations also have the problem of inconvenient maintenance, and most of the box bodies of the box-type substations adopt closed box bodies which are used as inlets during maintenance through opening doors or windows; when the maintenance is needed, people usually penetrate into the box body to perform maintenance, and the problems of safety and easy operability are high; especially when overhauing to half formula box-type substation of burying, need destroy the road surface once more even and excavate the rear and can get into in the box, like above-mentioned the transformer is arranged in underground when safe predictability is lower, has brought very big inconvenience for maintenance and maintenance. In addition, most of the existing various box-type substations adopt 'article' or 'mesh and Japanese' type partitions, main equipment is placed in a back-to-back mode, and the main equipment is separated by adopting a partition plate, so that a certain ventilation dead angle can be formed, and heat dissipation is seriously influenced.

The chinese patent cn201220265651.x discloses a box-type substation special for an LED street lamp, which is only for power supply of the LED street lamp, and because of a small over-current, there are few components in the box-type substation, so that the components in the box-type substation are simply stacked to form a U-shaped internal line, thereby utilizing a vertical space to a certain extent and reducing the volume of the box-type substation for the LED lamp. However, natural ventilation dead angles also exist in the LED box-type substation; moreover, because the capacities of equipment such as a transformer and the like of the box-type substation are small, the box body structure of the box-type substation special for the LED street lamp cannot be suitable for medium and large box-type substations (200KVA-630KVA) for urban and rural power distribution; in addition, in the box-type substation, the wire is led in and out through the same side of the box body, and the wire outlet position is higher, so that the function partition of the box-type substation structure is not clear, the distances among the functional devices are too close, the functional devices are pushed together, and inconvenience is brought to a certain degree for maintenance and repair.

In addition, the main heat dissipation source of the box-type substation is a transformer in the box body; oil-immersed transformers (oil-immersed transformers) become the first choice of transformers in national power grids, especially box-type substations, at present due to the advantages of good heat dissipation, low loss, large capacity and the like; the guarantee of good heat dissipation performance of the transformer is one of the key technical performances of the transformer. At present, the cooling modes of oil-immersed transformers at home and abroad mainly comprise four cooling modes, namely natural oil circulation self-cooling heat dissipation, natural oil circulation air-cooling heat dissipation, forced oil circulation air-cooling heat dissipation and forced oil circulation water-cooling heat dissipation. The natural oil circulation air-cooling heat dissipation mode is characterized in that after the transformer winding and the iron core are heated, oil in the body forms convection, the oil flows through the radiator, and then the heat is taken away by air blown out by the cooling fan, so that the purpose of heat dissipation is achieved. The forced oil circulation air-cooling heat dissipation mode enables oil in the transformer to be forced to circulate quickly through the action of the oil pump, and when the oil flows through the radiator, air blown out by the cooling fan takes away heat. The forced oil circulation air cooler and the natural oil circulation air cooler are mainly characterized in that an oil submersible pump is adopted to force oil to circulate, so that the oil flow speed is increased, and the cooling efficiency is improved. The basic types of the conventional oil-immersed transformer radiator mainly comprise the following components:

1. plate radiator

More than 80% of the oil-immersed transformers adopt a cooling mode of natural oil circulation. When the capacity of the oil-immersed transformer is more than 50kVA, a tubular or finned radiator can be considered as a heat exchange device of the transformer. The transformer of the finned radiator has too large transverse volume and is inconvenient to transport and maintain. The plate type heat dissipation efficiency is very low, and although the plate type heat dissipation device is widely applied to heat dissipation of a low-capacity transformer, the heat dissipation problem of a high-capacity transformer is difficult to solve.

2. Air cooler

When the capacity of the oil-immersed power transformer exceeds 50MVA, an air cooler can be considered. The air cooler sends the high-temperature oil on the top layer of the transformer into a cooling pipe of the cooler through an oil pump, the heat generated by the air cooler is transferred to the inner wall and the fins of the cooling pipe, and then the heat is released to the air through the pipe wall and the fins. The adoption of the high-power air cooler not only brings convenience to the manufacturing, installation, use and maintenance of the transformer, but also can reduce oil leakage. The cooling effect and the service life of the air cooler are determined by the adopted cooling elements, and pipes are generally adopted as the cooling elements in China. In cold areas and areas with little water, the air cooler for large and special oil-immersed transformers is most suitable. In tropical areas with high air temperature all the year round, the problem that the rated cooling capacity of the air cooler is reduced is considered.

3. Water cooler

When the capacity of the oil-immersed power transformer exceeds 50MVA, a water cooler can be used as a heat exchange device of the large transformer besides the air cooler for heat exchange. The specific heat of the air is only 1/4 of water, so the water cooler has better cooling effect than the air cooler; the air side has a lower heat transfer coefficient than the water cooler, so that the water cooler has a smaller size, lighter weight and lower noise than the air cooler for both coolers with substantially the same cooling capacity. At present, the maximum capacity of a single water cooler in China reaches over 315kW, and the maximum capacity of the single water cooler in China reaches over 500 kW. The domestic water cooler adopts a single-tube structure, so that the situation that cooling water enters oil of the transformer due to the fact that a cooling copper tube in the water cooler is broken is caused too much, and the insulating property of the transformer oil which enters the water is often greatly reduced due to the fact that the water cannot be found to enter the transformer oil in time, and serious accidents of the transformer in operation are caused.

The water cooler has the advantages of high cooling efficiency, low noise and the like, and the double-pipe water cooler improves the reliability of the water cooler and is very suitable for regions with water sources. The technical performance and the structure of the domestic double-pipe water cooler are equivalent to the international level. The freezing problem of cooling water is considered when the water is used in cold regions.

4. Heat radiation cooler

An air cooler or a water cooler is generally adopted as a heat exchange device of a large-sized or super-large-sized oil-immersed transformer, and the two coolers have high cooling efficiency. However, the oil pump and the fan are operated uninterruptedly, so that the defects of high noise, high auxiliary machine loss rate, large maintenance workload and the like exist. To solve the above contradiction, a new cooling method called "heat sink cooler" is developed in europe. The radiating surface of the radiating cooler is mainly a finned radiator and is simultaneously matched with a fan and an oil pump for cooling, and when the load factor of the transformer is about 50%, the finned radiator is in an oil-immersed self-cooling state and self-cooling running; when the load factor of the transformer reaches about 75%, starting a fan, and performing air-cooled operation on the finned radiator in an oil-immersed air-cooled state; when the transformer is fully loaded, the oil pump is started to operate, and the oil pump is put into strong oil air-cooled operation.

It is obvious that, in order to maintain better heat dissipation performance, the transformers are all forced to dissipate heat by external force, natural heat dissipation is often limited by the structural layout of the box-type substation, a natural heat dissipation system with good convection cannot be formed, and the forced heat dissipation equipment has to be used, so that the number of equipment in the box-type substation is increased, and thus the manufacturing cost and the maintenance difficulty are both increased.

In summary, the box-type transformer substation in the current market has the problems of large volume, inconvenient maintenance, poor natural heat dissipation performance, poor environmental adaptability and the like, and the popularization of the box-type transformer substation in China is limited to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the box-type substation which is reasonable in structural layout, small in occupied area, strong in heat dissipation performance, simple and convenient to maintain and high in safety factor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a box-type substation at least comprises a high-voltage switch chamber, a low-voltage switch chamber and a transformer chamber, wherein the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are distributed in a step shape, and equipment circuits in the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are M, U or V-shaped.

Preferably, the high-voltage switch room, the low-voltage switch room and the transformer room of the box-type substation are distributed in a multi-layer mode, and the equipment lines in the high-voltage switch room, the low-voltage switch room and the transformer room are M, U or V-shaped.

As another preferred scheme, the heights of a high-voltage switch chamber and a low-voltage switch chamber of the box-type substation are the same, the heights of the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are respectively different from the height of a transformer chamber, and equipment circuits in the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are in an M shape; in other words, the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are respectively distributed in a staggered manner with the transformer chamber.

Preferably, the box substation may further comprise a metering room and/or a cable room.

More preferably, the metering chamber is a high pressure metering chamber and/or a low pressure metering chamber; the high-voltage metering chamber is a charged area and is used for leading the high-voltage switch chamber into the transformer chamber; accordingly, the low-voltage metering chamber serves for metering and is used for the transformer chamber region outgoing lines to the low-voltage switching chamber.

More preferably, the cable chamber is a high voltage cable chamber and a low voltage cable chamber.

More preferably, the high-voltage switching chamber and the low-voltage switching chamber are located in the same layer.

More preferably, the box-type substation is divided into two layers from top to bottom, wherein the upper layer comprises a high-voltage switch chamber and a low-voltage switch chamber, and the lower layer comprises a transformer chamber.

Preferably, the high-voltage switch room and the transformer room in the box-type substation, and the low-voltage switch room and the transformer room are distributed in a stepped layered manner.

More preferably, the side walls of the functional chambers in the box-type substation are not attached, in other words, the high-voltage and low-voltage switch chambers are not distributed back-to-back, and the high-voltage and low-voltage switch chambers and the transformer chamber are distributed in an inverted triangular staggered manner (in an inverted "product" shape), so that the good heat dissipation performance of each functional area is ensured.

More preferably, when the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber of the box-type substation are distributed in an up-and-down multilayer manner, the bottom surface of the high-voltage switch chamber is only partially attached or not attached to the top surface of the transformer chamber, so that the high-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are arranged in a stepped manner, and the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are arranged in a stepped manner; in other words, the top surface of the high-voltage switch chamber and the top surface of the transformer chamber and the top surface of the low-voltage switch chamber and the top surface of the transformer chamber form a step; the height and width of the step are respectively determined by the heights of the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber, and the width of the step can be determined according to the specific use place of the box-type substation.

More preferably, when the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber of the box-type substation are respectively distributed in a staggered manner, the side walls of the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are respectively attached to the two side walls of the transformer chamber, so that the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are respectively distributed in a staggered manner with the transformer chamber.

Preferably, the metering chamber is in communication with the transformer chamber.

More preferably, a partition is arranged between the high-pressure metering chamber (charging chamber area) and the low-pressure metering chamber (metering chamber area), and corresponding chamber doors are respectively arranged for the high-pressure metering chamber (charging chamber area) and the low-pressure metering chamber (metering chamber area).

More preferably, a lock or other protective device is added to each live zone, such as a chamber door of the high pressure metering chamber.

More preferably, the high voltage cable chamber and the low voltage cable chamber are respectively disposed at both sides of the transformer chamber, i.e., below the high voltage switching chamber and the low voltage switching chamber.

As a preferred scheme, a high-voltage switch device is arranged in a high-voltage switch chamber, a low-voltage compensation device and a low-voltage outgoing line loop are arranged in a low-voltage switch chamber, a transformer is arranged in the transformer chamber, a high-voltage incoming line for connecting the high-voltage switch device and the transformer is arranged in a high-voltage metering chamber of the metering chamber, an incoming line main switch and the metering device are arranged in the low-voltage metering chamber, and a high-voltage incoming line and a low-voltage outgoing line are respectively arranged in a high-voltage cable chamber and a low-voltage cable chamber of the cable chamber; at the moment, each equipment line in the box-type substation is M-shaped, the structure is reasonable and compact, and the equipment line is only 1/3 of the existing compact box-type substation.

As another preferred scheme, the incoming cable is incoming from the upper part of the box-type substation, namely, incoming from the air; at the moment, each equipment line of the box-type substation is in a V shape.

The invention also aims to provide the box-type substation, which overcomes the defects that the production and the manufacture of the box-type substation in the prior art need to be customized individually and cannot be produced in a standardized manner by designing a novel frame structure of the box-type substation, is suitable for the configuration requirements (except for special requirements) of all box-type substations in the existing market, can be used for producing various devices in the box-type substation in a standardized manner, and has the advantages of reasonable structural layout, convenience in maintenance, high safety coefficient and the like; the box-type substation comprises a frame-type frame body and a plurality of partition plates and/or panels, wherein the frame-type frame body and the partition plates and/or panels are assembled and installed to divide the interior of the frame body into a plurality of functional room areas, and the functional room areas at least comprise a high-voltage switch room area, a low-voltage switch room area and a transformer room area of the box-type substation.

Preferably, the high-voltage switch chamber area, the low-voltage switch chamber area and the transformer chamber area are distributed in an up-down multilayer or staggered mode, and the transformer chamber area is located at the lower layer (bottom layer) of the frame structure.

More preferably, the frame structure further comprises a metering chamber area, which is located in the same layer as the high-pressure switching chamber area and the low-pressure switching chamber area and is arranged between the high-pressure switching chamber area and the low-pressure switching chamber area.

More preferably, the upper layer of the frame structure is a high-voltage switch chamber area, a metering chamber area and a low-voltage switch chamber area in sequence, the lower layer is a transformer chamber area, the high-voltage switch chamber area is attached to the side wall of the metering chamber area, the low-voltage switch chamber area is attached to the side wall of the metering chamber area in a splicing mode, and the bottom walls of the high-voltage switch chamber area, the metering chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area are respectively attached to part of the top wall of the transformer chamber area.

In order to further simplify the frame structure, the high-voltage switch chamber area and the metering chamber area share one side wall, namely the side wall where the high-voltage switch chamber area and the metering chamber area are attached is the same partition plate, and similarly, the low-voltage switch chamber area and the metering chamber area share one side wall.

More preferably, in order to further simplify the frame structure, the bottom wall of the high-voltage switch chamber area and part of the top wall of the transformer chamber area are the same partition plate, and correspondingly, the bottom walls of the metering chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area and part of the top wall of the transformer chamber area are the same partition plate.

As a further preferable scheme, in order to fully utilize the internal space of the box-type substation, make the frame structure more compact and further reduce the volume of the box-type substation, the metering chamber area is communicated with the transformer chamber area, in other words, the metering chamber area has no bottom wall, namely, no partition plate is arranged between the metering chamber area and the transformer chamber area. Still further preferably, a panel movably connected with the corresponding functional area of the frame type frame body is used as a door body to distinguish the metering chamber area from the transformer chamber area. At the moment, high and low voltage sleeves of a transformer chamber arranged in the transformer chamber area can be arranged in the metering chamber area, so that the height of the box-type substation can be effectively reduced.

More preferably, the metering chamber region may be divided into a high pressure metering chamber region and a low pressure metering chamber region.

More preferably, the high-pressure metering chamber area is internally provided with a charging device, and the low-pressure metering chamber area is internally provided with a metering device; in order to make the high-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure metering chamber area of the metering chamber area independent from each other, avoid exposing the charged equipment while opening the door body of the metering chamber area, and prevent the phenomenon of electric shock and accidental injury, a partition, preferably a partition plate, is additionally arranged between the high-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure metering chamber area of the metering chamber area, and the door bodies are respectively arranged for the high-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure metering chamber area.

More preferably, for safety, the door bodies of all live parts of the box-type substation should be locked at ordinary times to prevent a non-professional person from opening the box-type substation by mistake and further causing a safety accident.

More preferably, the door body of the metering chamber area is provided with a corresponding observation window, so that a technician can directly obtain metering information or record data only through the observation window without opening the door body, and the metering chamber area is safe and convenient.

In addition, the frame structure of the box-type substation further comprises a cable chamber area which can be divided into a high-voltage cable chamber area and a low-voltage cable chamber area, wherein the high-voltage cable chamber area and the low-voltage cable chamber area are respectively positioned at two sides of the transformer chamber area and are used for placing a high-voltage cable between the transformer chamber area and the high-voltage switch chamber and a low-voltage cable between the transformer chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber.

More preferably, the cable compartment area may be level with the transformer compartment area, in other words, the cable compartment area is level with the transformer compartment area.

More preferably, the cable chamber may be at the same height as the frame structure of the box-type substation so as to be suitable for both overhead and underground access lines.

More particularly, since the metering chamber area and the transformer chamber area in the frame structure of the box-type substation are communicated in the frame body, the transformer chamber can also extend into the vacant space of the metering chamber area, and is not limited to be accommodated in the transformer chamber area. However, considering that the height of the transformer required by some special occasions exceeds the design height of the transformer chamber area in the frame structure, and when the free space of the metering chamber area of the box-type substation is not enough to completely accommodate the transformer, the frame structure needs to be customized again, which is time-consuming, labor-consuming and uneconomical, so the inventor also designs the frame structure of the box-type substation into a size-adjustable structure, in particular, the height of the frame structure is adjustable, and when the height of the required transformer exceeds the conventional height of the transformer chamber area, the frame structure can adjust the height of the transformer chamber area through a height adjusting part, so as to accommodate the transformer.

Preferably, when frame construction is two-layer, above-mentioned support body divide into swing joint's upper strata and lower floor's support body, and the upper strata support body can cup joint on lower floor's support body, and the part overlaps between the upper and lower floor's support body, as the regulation part of reserving, it has the even through-hole of a plurality of intervals to reserve the direction of height of regulation part, as the altitude mixture control hole, the floor height of upper and lower floor's support body accessible altitude mixture control hole regulation lower floor's support body to realize the installation through bolt and nut and fix.

As another preferred scheme, the high-pressure metering chamber area and the high-pressure switch chamber area are located at the same layer, and the low-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure switch chamber area are located at the same layer.

It is worth mentioning that each functional device in the box-type substation is movably connected with the frame structure, in other words, the device arranged in each functional room area can be fixed or unfixed, and various mobile devices such as a draw-out type device with strong interchangeability can be flexibly selected, so that the transportation cost and the installation cost of the box-type substation can be greatly reduced during production and installation, and the installation can be completed only by installing the frame of the box-type substation and then putting in the required devices.

More preferably, the frame structure can be added with corresponding partition boards and/or panels according to requirements to increase corresponding functional room areas, so that the box-type substation has better applicability, simpler and more convenient installation and transportation and low price.

More preferably, the frame-type frame body of the frame structure is formed by splicing square pipes or round pipes, and can be obtained by cutting and/or welding or fastening on site during installation.

As another embodiment of the frame structure, the functional room area of the frame structure comprises a high-voltage switch room area, a low-voltage switch room area, a transformer room area and a metering room area, and a negative control room area, a CT and low-voltage busbar room area, a low-voltage incoming line switch room area and a reactive compensation room area are additionally arranged.

More preferably, the five functional room areas, namely the metering room area, the negative control room area, the CT and low-voltage busbar room area, the low-voltage incoming line switch room area and the reactive compensation room area, form an integral room area, and the integral room area is positioned between the high-voltage switch room area and the low-voltage switch room area and above the transformer room area; in order to reasonably distribute space, the metering room area, the load control room area, the CT and the low-voltage busbar room area form an area A of the whole room area, the low-voltage incoming line switch room area and the reactive compensation room area form an area B of the whole room area, and the area A and the area B are designed back to back.

The inventor carries out further research aiming at the heat dissipation problem possibly brought by the reduction of the volume of the box-type substation, and designs the relative position relationship among the metering room area, the negative control room area, the CT and low-voltage busbar room area, the low-voltage incoming line switch room area and the reactive compensation room area, namely, the metering room area is attached to the negative control room area, the negative control room area is attached to the CT and low-voltage busbar room area, and correspondingly, the low-voltage incoming line switch room area is attached to the reactive compensation room area, but only the CT and low-voltage busbar room area are attached to part of the low-voltage incoming line switch room area, and the rest part which is not attached is communicated with the transformer room area; the inventor adds at least one fan on the non-attached part, at the moment, the non-attached part in the box-type substation forms an air cooling channel, and the heat dissipation in the box-type substation, especially the heat dissipation in a transformer room area, can be realized through the air extraction of the fan. In addition, in order to further increase the ventilation volume of the air cooling channel, the inventor changes the adaptability of the reactive compensation room area into a stepped structure, namely two rows of capacitance equipment in the reactive compensation room area are distributed in a high-low mode, the bottom wall of the reactive compensation room area is in a stepped shape, the bottom wall close to the central area of the box-type transformer substation is slightly higher, namely the area close to the transformer is slightly higher, at the moment, the volume of the air cooling channel can be increased, and the heat dissipation of the transformer room area is further enhanced.

More preferably, the frame body is further provided with a plurality of support legs for supporting the whole chamber area of the five function chamber areas, or the whole chamber area further assembled by the five function chamber areas, so that the installation and maintenance are convenient, and the support legs are preferably welded with the frame body to ensure the supporting effect.

Correspondingly, the box-type substation that adopts this frame construction is by high tension switchgear room, the low tension switchgear room, transformer room and measurement room, burden accuse room, female room of arranging of CT and low pressure, low pressure inlet wire switch room and reactive compensation room are constituteed, it is high, the low tension switchgear room is the staggered floor with the transformer room and arranges, the measurement room, burden accuse room, female room of arranging of CT and low pressure, low pressure inlet wire switch room and reactive compensation room all are located the top of transformer room, constitute the novel spatial structure of a multilayer cooperation staggered floor, make this box-type substation's structure more reasonable, and can fill the scattered heat, form natural heat dissipation, it is little that the product that has to take up an area of than prior art, small, the huge advantage of standardized and safe convenient maintenance.

More preferably, in order to stabilize this box-type substation, can establish a ground below it, this ground can adopt the brick structure, not only is used for passing in and out the cable but also can be better dampproofing and support this box-type substation and use, and the high, low voltage cable that pass in and out this box-type substation gets into again after this ground and gets into in the box-type substation. In addition, it is worth mentioning that in order to avoid the problem that a matched cable well cannot be installed due to the fact that a complex underground pipeline structure is encountered during urban assembly, a cable well for maintaining and storing redundant cables is not located right below the box transformer, correspondingly, the cable well can be arranged on any underground part around the box transformer, and high-voltage and low-voltage cable wells are respectively used for placing the cables, so that the height of the box-type substation can be effectively reduced, and daily maintenance of the cables by operating personnel is facilitated; in addition, when the installation environments are different, the high-voltage cable well and the low-voltage cable well are selected to be located on the same side of the box transformer or located on different sides of the box transformer respectively. In addition, the cable well structure can adopt the structure shown in the Chinese patent application 2014102003714 or the Chinese patent ZL201420243069.2 by the inventor.

As a further preferred scheme, a shell is additionally arranged on the frame structure of the box-type substation, the shell is an outer shell of the box-type substation, and the shell is correspondingly divided into an upper shell and a lower shell which are movably connected according to the upper-layer structure and the lower-layer structure.

Preferably, the upper shell is in a door body form with four sides capable of being opened, the upper shell can be formed by surrounding four door bodies and a top plate which are hinged through hinges respectively, the upper shell is sleeved outside the box-type substation and the frame structure of the box-type substation with any structure, and each door body is in a normally closed lockable state, so that the non-professional can be prevented from being opened by mistake, and safety accidents are avoided.

More preferably, the door bodies on both sides are provided with ventilation slots, and the function chamber area provided with the ventilation slots has no corresponding door, in other words, the door body of the housing is the door of the function chamber area.

More preferably, the functional chamber area under the top plate is not provided with a top wall, in other words, the high-voltage switch chamber area, the low-voltage switch chamber area and the metering chamber area are not provided with top walls, the three chamber areas, namely the transformer chamber area is communicated with the shell, and a layer of gap is left between the top plate and the frame structure for facilitating exhaust and heat dissipation in order to ensure the heat dissipation effect.

More preferably, the top plate is slightly larger than the frame structure, and water retaining grooves or drainage grooves are formed in the periphery of the top plate to prevent rainwater from entering the box transformer substation. In addition, when the ambient temperature is higher or the heat dissipation in the box transformer needs to be further enhanced, the top plate can be provided with an air outlet at the corresponding position of the fan.

More preferably, the lower shell is a mesh shell, and the dustproof and moistureproof mesh can be configured correspondingly according to the difference of the working environment of the box-type substation.

In addition, in order to increase the aesthetic property of the box-type substation, and the environment-friendly or warning safety function, the shell, particularly the upper shell can be configured as a billboard, the billboard can be selectively various billboards in the prior art, can also be directly powered by the box-type substation, and can also be used as a street lamp.

Preferably, the frame-type frame body of the frame structure is formed by splicing square pipes or round pipes, and can be obtained by cutting and/or welding or fastening on site during installation.

More preferably, the frame-like frame body is provided with feet on which the functional compartments are placed.

More preferably, each functional device in the box-type substation is movably connected with the frame structure, in other words, the devices built in each functional room area can be fixed or unfixed, and various mobile devices, such as a draw-out type with strong interchangeability, can be flexibly selected.

The application of any one of the above described box-type substation frame structures is for installing and protecting various substation equipment in a box-type substation.

Preferably, the box-type substation frame structure is suitable for various box-type substations.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a box-type substation to improve the heat dissipation performance thereof, specifically by improving the heat dissipation manner of the transformer in the box-type substation; the box-type substation also comprises at least one heat dissipation assembly which is arranged on the outer wall of the transformer but is not communicated with the interior of the transformer.

Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly is disposed in the oil transformer.

Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly includes a heat dissipation wall and a heat dissipation channel surrounded by the heat dissipation wall.

More preferably, in order to fully utilize natural ventilation to realize energy-saving, environment-friendly and efficient heat dissipation, two ends of the heat dissipation channel simultaneously penetrate through a pair of opposite side walls, namely two unconnected side walls, of the four side walls of the transformer; or a top wall and a bottom wall; or a side wall and a bottom wall; or the same side wall; or a combination of any one or more of the above.

Preferably, the heat dissipation channel is parallel to the bottom wall of the transformer and penetrates through a pair of opposite side walls, namely two unconnected side walls, of the four side walls of the transformer; or the heat dissipation channel is parallel to the side wall of the transformer and penetrates through the top wall and the bottom wall of the transformer.

It is worth mentioning that the heat dissipation assembly can greatly reduce the volume of the transformer, especially the oil type transformer, when the transformer is the oil type transformer, the heat dissipation channel is arranged in parallel with the side wall and penetrates through the bottom wall of the transformer for further matching the structure of the oil type transformer, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the structure of the oil type transformer is not complicated. Different from the conventional oil transformer, the oil transformer using the heat dissipation assembly can greatly reduce the using amount of transformer oil, reduce the number of heat dissipation fins filled with the transformer oil or a heat dissipation agent, and even realize heat dissipation without the heat dissipation fins.

More preferably, in order to further ensure the heat dissipation effect, the length of the oil tank of the conventional transformer can be increased to increase the volume of the oil tank, so that the transformer oil in the transformer is increased, the heat dissipation medium is increased, and the heat dissipation effect is further improved.

In order to further reduce the volume and the occupied area of the box-type substation and still maintain better heat dissipation performance, as a better implementation mode, the width (thickness) of an oil tank of the transformer can be reduced on the basis of increasing the length of the oil tank, so that the oil tank still maintains the same volume of transformer oil as that of a conventional oil-type transformer.

More preferably, the heat dissipating wall is non-planar in cross-section.

More preferably, the cross section of the heat dissipation wall is a wavy surface.

More preferably, the cross-section of the heat dissipation wall includes an arc-shaped wavy surface and a polygonal wavy surface.

More preferably, the cross-section of the heat dissipation channel comprises an open cross-section or a closed cross-section.

Still further preferably, the shape of the cross-section of the heat dissipation channel includes, but is not limited to, a rectangle, a diamond, a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a trapezoid, a hexagon, an octagon, or a dodecagon.

Still further preferably, the shape of the cross-section of the heat dissipation channel is preferably rectangular, rhombic, circular or hexagonal.

In order to further improve the heat dissipation performance, especially the natural heat dissipation performance, as a preferred embodiment, the oil-type transformer is externally provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins, and the heat dissipation fins are communicated with the inside of a transformer oil tank, in other words, the transformer oil flows in the heat dissipation fins. The shape and the installation position of the heat dissipation fins can refer to an oil type transformer with the heat dissipation fins in the prior art.

As a further preferred scheme, the radiating fins are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the oil type transformer and communicated with the interior of the oil type transformer, transformer oil can circularly flow in the radiating fins to bring heat into the radiating fins, heat exchange and radiation are carried out between the radiating fins and outside air, two natural radiating modes of air radiation and transformer oil radiation are ingeniously and organically combined, and the natural radiating effect is obviously improved. In a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation fins are mounted on two side walls of the oil-type transformer with a large distance between the two side walls.

In addition, in order to further increase the air fluidity in the transformer chamber and improve the heat dissipation performance of the transformer chamber, a plurality of fans can be arranged in the transformer chamber, the fans are arranged on two sides of the transformer chamber in a staggered mode, the air blowing direction is consistent with the direction of the heat dissipation channels of the heat dissipation assemblies, the air circulation speed in the heat dissipation channels can be accelerated, and the heat dissipation effect is remarkably increased.

In addition, in order to further simplify the structure, save materials, protect the environment and save energy, the functional chamber walls attached to each functional chamber or functional chamber interval in any box-type substation or frame structure can be simplified into the same chamber wall, but the structure should be guaranteed to be stable and optimal.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the adopted multilayer or staggered distribution structure fully utilizes the space, and the equipment which is matched with the box-type substation for use is reasonably distributed in the space, so that the volume of the box-type substation is reduced by 1-3 times compared with the traditional substation, the occupied area is reduced, the transportation is convenient, and the transportation cost is reduced; and need not make the downward large-scale base of traditional type box-type substation, save the degree of difficulty of construction engineering, reduce cost more can avoid the harmful effects to each equipment in the box-type substation that brings because the moisture in the formula base of partly burying. The adopted frame structure accommodates all the functional rooms, has strong adaptability to the size of the transformer, and is suitable for the configuration requirements (except special requirements) of almost all box-type substations on the existing market. When the maintenance is carried out, only the chamber door of the corresponding function chamber area needs to be opened to take out or replace equipment, so that the maintenance is very convenient, the maintenance visual field is wide, the movable range of maintenance operation and tools is large, the replacement equipment is simple, the corresponding equipment can be designed as a standard part, the manual drilling is not needed to be carried out in the frame, and the maintenance efficiency and the safety factor are greatly improved. High low tension switchgear is above the transformer for electrified part reaches the protection height with ground, improves the dampproofing moisture-proof nature of whole equipment. Meanwhile, the contact area of the transformer chamber and the air is increased, and the natural heat dissipation speed of the transformer is accelerated. The oil type transformer is additionally provided with the heat dissipation channel in the oil tank, so that air can freely circulate in the heat dissipation channel, the heat dissipation efficiency of internal cooling oil is accelerated, and the mode that the traditional oil type transformer only utilizes the cooling oil and the cooling wall on the outer wall for cooling is changed; and the main structure of the transformer is not influenced, so that the stability of the transformer is ensured. Cables are accommodated in an independent cable chamber, so that the whole box-type substation is modularized in design and clear in structure; the high-voltage cable well and the low-voltage cable well are communicated with underground cables, a foundation is not required to be made downwards, the construction working cost is reduced, underground moisture is prevented from invading into a box-type transformer substation, all equipment are damaged, and the installation efficiency and the safety are greatly improved. By combining the front and rear door opening and the design of the extractable equipment, convenience is provided for maintenance, installation and replacement, so that the box-type substation is easy to repair and replace; maintenance personnel do not need to be transferred to the base or the box-type substation to maintain or detect like the traditional box-type substation maintenance personnel. The net-shaped shell is used as a transformer protective cover, so that the transformer can be protected from being impacted by external force, and natural wind can be ensured to convect up and down, so that the transformer can continuously and well radiate heat; the cable well can be used together with a cable well designed by the inventor in advance, so that the maintenance of the box-type substation is simpler and safer. Therefore, the invention has wide application prospect.

Drawings

FIGS. 1-2 are schematic structural views of a preferred embodiment of a box-type substation provided by the present invention;

FIGS. 3 to 6 are schematic structural views of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the invention;

FIGS. 7 to 8 are schematic structural views of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the invention;

FIGS. 10 to 16 are schematic structural views of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the invention;

fig. 17 to 20 are schematic structural views of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the invention;

fig. 21 to 23 are schematic structural views of another preferred embodiment of the box-type substation provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described more fully with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The invention provides a box-type substation, and fig. 1 and 2 are a front view and a perspective view of the box-type substation, as shown in fig. 1: the box-type substation is provided with a high-voltage switch chamber 1, a low-voltage switch chamber 2, a transformer chamber 3, a metering chamber 4 and a cable chamber 5, wherein the metering chamber 4 can be used as a high-voltage and low-voltage connecting region, and the cable chamber 5 comprises a high-voltage cable chamber 51 and a low-voltage cable chamber 52; it should be noted that the metering chamber may be one, and the structure of the metering chamber is simplified by adopting a high-supply high-count mode or a high-supply low-count mode to save corresponding functional equipment, and the metering chamber may be called a high-pressure metering chamber or a low-pressure metering chamber; in the embodiment, both the high-voltage metering (connecting) chamber 41 and the low-voltage metering chamber 42 can be used in a metering matching manner, wherein the high-voltage metering chamber 41 is a charged area and is used for leading the high-voltage switch chamber 1 into the transformer chamber 3; accordingly, the low-voltage metering chamber 42 serves for metering and is used for the outgoing line of the transformer chamber region 3 to the low-voltage switching chamber 2.

The structure of the box-type substation is adjusted for the first time, the traditional single-layer structure is changed, the box-type substation is divided into a plurality of layers, in the embodiment, the box-type substation is arranged and distributed in an upper-layer and lower-layer manner, as a better implementation mode, the box-type substation is in an upper-layer and lower-layer manner, wherein a high-voltage switch chamber 1, a high-voltage metering chamber 41 and a low-voltage metering chamber 42 of a metering chamber 4, and a low-voltage switch chamber 2 are sequentially arranged from left to right (along the X direction) to form an upper layer of the box-type substation, and a high-voltage cable chamber 51, a transformer chamber 3 and a low-voltage cable chamber 52 are sequentially arranged from left to right to form a lower layer of the box-type substation.

In order to fully utilize the internal space of the box-type substation and make the structure of the box-type substation more compact, the high-voltage metering chamber 41 and the low-voltage metering chamber 42 are communicated with the transformer chamber 3, and only a functional chamber frame for installing a door body is reserved, so that part of a box body of the transformer 31 and high and low voltage sleeves 32 at the top of the box body can be arranged in the high-voltage metering chamber 4, and the height size of the box-type substation can be effectively reduced; in order to make the high-voltage metering chamber (charged chamber zone) 41 and the low-voltage metering chamber (metering chamber zone) 42 of the metering chamber 4 independent from each other, avoid exposing the charged part while opening the door body of the metering part, and prevent electric shock and accidental injury, a partition plate 43 is additionally arranged between the high-voltage metering chamber (charged chamber zone) 41 and the low-voltage metering chamber (metering chamber zone) 42, and corresponding chamber doors 6 are respectively arranged for the high-voltage metering chamber (charged chamber zone) 41 and the low-voltage metering chamber (metering chamber zone) 42, and in addition, in consideration of safety factors, a lock 61 or other protection devices are additionally arranged at ordinary times for each charged zone such as the chamber door 6 of the high-voltage metering chamber 41, so that the occurrence of safety accidents caused by the accidental opening of a non-professional person is prevented.

It is worth mentioning that in order to reasonably distribute space and improve the heat dissipation performance of the box-type substation, the inventor initiatively makes the high-voltage switch chamber 1 and the transformer chamber 3 in a stepped arrangement and the low-voltage switch chamber 2 and the transformer chamber 3 in a stepped arrangement by only partially attaching or not attaching the bottom surface of the high-voltage switch chamber 1 and the top surface of the transformer chamber 3 and the bottom surface of the low-voltage switch chamber 2 and the top surface of the transformer chamber 3; in other words, the top surface of the high-voltage switching chamber 1 forms a step with the top surface of the transformer chamber 3, and likewise, the top surface of the low-voltage switching chamber 2 forms a step with the top surface of the transformer chamber 3; the height of the step is not more than that of the high-voltage switch chamber 1 or the low-voltage switch chamber 2; in addition, the width of the step can be determined according to the joint part of the bottom wall of the high-voltage and low-voltage switch chamber and the top wall of the transformer chamber, and when the bottom wall of the high-voltage and low-voltage switch chamber is not jointed with the top wall of the transformer chamber, the width of the step is the largest, namely the width of the box-type substation is the largest. Accordingly, the width of the steps may be determined according to the specific use place of the box substation. In a preferred embodiment, taking a 10KV box-type substation as an example, the size of the high-voltage switch room 1 is 1000mm × 700mm × 1000mm, the size of the low-voltage switch room is 1000mm × 700mm × 1000mm, and the size of the transformer room is 1450mm × 700mm × 1200 mm; the distance between the opposite surfaces of the high-voltage switch chamber 1 and the low-voltage switch chamber 2 is 1000mm, and the distance can be used for distributing the metering chamber 4 or other functional compartments. At the moment, the high-low voltage switch equipment of the box-type substation is arranged above the transformer, and the charged part keeps a certain height with the ground, so that the moisture-proof and moisture-proof performance of the charged equipment is greatly improved. In addition, the transformer room 3 is separately arranged on the bottom layer in the multilayer structure, and compared with single-layer distribution in a box-type substation in the prior art, the heat dissipation blocking of the high-voltage switch room 1 and the low-voltage switch room 2 to the transformer room 3 is reduced, the contact area of the transformer room 3 and air is increased, the natural flow rate of the air in the transformer room 3 is accelerated, and the heat dissipation performance is improved. Further, the high voltage cable chamber 51 and the low voltage cable chamber 52 may be disposed at both sides of the transformer chamber 3, i.e., below the high voltage switch chamber 1 and the low voltage switch chamber 2, respectively; at the moment, the upper layer of the box-type substation is sequentially provided with a high-voltage switch chamber 1, a metering chamber 4 and a low-voltage switch chamber 2 from left to right; the lower layer is a high-voltage cable chamber 51, a transformer chamber 3 and a low-voltage cable chamber 52 from left to right in sequence, the six functional chambers are of a cuboid structure, correspondingly, conventional power transformation equipment and circuits in the field are configured in each functional chamber, a high-voltage switch device 11 is arranged in the high-voltage switch chamber 1, a low-voltage compensation device 21 and a low-voltage outgoing line loop 22 are arranged in the low-voltage switch chamber 2, a transformer 31 is arranged in the transformer chamber 3, a high-voltage incoming line 411 for connecting the high-voltage switch device and the transformer is arranged in a high-voltage metering chamber 41 of the metering chamber 4, an incoming line main switch 421 and a metering device 422 are arranged in the low-voltage metering chamber 42, and a high-voltage incoming line 511 and a low-voltage outgoing line 512 are respectively arranged in the high-voltage cable chamber 51 and the low-voltage cable chamber 52 of the cable chamber 5; at the moment, each equipment line in the box-type substation is M-shaped, the structure is reasonable and compact, the specific size can be sharply reduced to 3000mm × 800(1000) mm × 2200mm, and the size is only 1/3 of the existing compact box-type substation. Preferably, the configuration requirements of the box-type substation are different in various places, and the selected transformers are also different, so that the transformer chamber 3 can accommodate transformers with different heights on the premise that the volume of the transformer chamber 3 is fixed, the height of the transformer can be increased to 1300mm, and the height of the transformer is specifically determined according to the configuration requirements of the box-type substation.

Example 2

The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is only the cable chamber 5, fig. 3 to 6 are schematic diagrams of the box-type substation, as shown in fig. 3, a two-layer structure is arranged between a high-voltage cable chamber 51 and a low-voltage cable chamber 52, the upper layer is a high-voltage switch chamber 1, a metering chamber 4 and a low-voltage switch chamber 2 in sequence along the X direction, and the lower layer is a transformer chamber 3; the high-voltage cable compartment 51 and the low-voltage cable compartment 52 are each at the same height as the two-layer structure. The improved structure of the cable chamber 5 can realize the incoming cable of the box-type substation to be led in from top to bottom, and the extensible cable chamber is suitable for the condition that overhead lines and the like need to be led in from the top of the box-type substation. As shown in fig. 4, the incoming cable is now incoming from below the box-type substation, i.e. from underground; at the moment, each equipment line of the box-type substation is M-shaped. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the incoming cable is incoming from above the box-type substation, i.e. from the air; at the moment, each equipment line of the box-type substation is in a V shape.

Example 3

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the bottom surfaces of the high-voltage and low-voltage switch rooms of the box-type substation are not attached to the top surface of the transformer room, and the side walls of the high-voltage and low-voltage switch rooms are attached to the two side walls of the transformer room, respectively, as shown in fig. 7, as a preferred embodiment, the side wall of the high-voltage switch room 1 in this box-type substation is attached to the side wall of the transformer room 3, similarly, the side wall of the low-voltage switch room 2 is attached to the side wall of the transformer room 3, and in addition, the bottom surfaces of the high-voltage and low-voltage switch rooms are not flush with but parallel to the top surface or the bottom surface of the transformer room; at the moment, the overlooking of the high-voltage switch room and the low-voltage switch room in the box-type substation and the overlooking of a transformer room are similar to the structure of the shape like the Chinese character 'pin' in the traditional box-type substation, but the key points of the invention are still kept, and each functional room area in the box-type substation is distributed in a multilayer way (realized by staggered layers); the structural transformation aims to further reduce the height of the box-type substation, reduce the volume of the box-type substation, facilitate maintenance, maintain the ground clearance of a certain electrified area and have good moisture resistance; as a further preferred embodiment, the position of the metering chamber 4 can be maintained constant, but the opening direction of the control area or the reading area is adjusted, as shown in fig. 4, and the cable chamber can be integrated into the high-low voltage switch chamber respectively. As another embodiment, or disposed below the transformer chamber 3, as shown in fig. 8, a high-voltage cable chamber 51 and a low-voltage cable chamber 52 may be provided; the box-type substation can be used as an underground or overground part, and is preferably an underground part.

Example 4

In addition, in order to overcome the defects that the production and the manufacture of the box-type substation in the prior art need to adopt individual customization and can not be standardized and produced, the inventor also provides a frame structure 7 for the box-type substation, wherein the frame structure 7 of the box-type substation is suitable for the configuration requirements (except special requirements) of almost all box-type substations on the existing market, and various devices used in the box-type substation can be standardized and produced. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a box-type substation, and as shown in fig. 9, the frame structure of the box-type substation is a frame structure of a 10KV box-type substation which is standardized to be mass-produced in accordance with national and industrial design, process and inspection standards.

Taking the structure of the box-type substation of embodiment 1 as an example, the frame structure 7 is a corresponding upper and lower two-layer structure, and specifically includes a frame body 71 and a plurality of partition plates and/or panels 72, where the frame body 71 and the partition plates 72 cooperate to form a frame for each functional room area of the box-type substation, specifically five functional room areas, such as a high-voltage switch room area 1 ', a low-voltage switch room area 2 ', a transformer room area 3 ', a metering room area 4 ', and a cable room area 5 ', where the high-voltage switch room 1, the low-voltage switch room 2, the transformer room 3, the metering room 4, and the cable room 5 are respectively and correspondingly placed; furthermore, the cable chamber area 5 'is divided into a high-voltage cable chamber area 51' and a low-voltage cable chamber area 52 ', the high-voltage cable chamber 51 and the low-voltage cable chamber 52 are respectively and correspondingly arranged, and the metering chamber area 4' is divided into a high-voltage metering chamber area 41 'and a low-voltage metering chamber area 42', the high-voltage metering chamber 41 and the low-voltage metering chamber 42 are respectively and correspondingly arranged; it should be noted here that the structure of each functional room area of the frame structure is not unique, but is flexibly adjusted according to the structure of the corresponding box-type substation; the description of the frame structure of the box substation in this embodiment should not be considered to be unique.

In addition, the frame structure 7 can be matched with the chamber doors (not shown) in the box-type substation structure to form independent functional chamber areas, and more preferably, an observation window (not shown) is provided on the chamber doors of the high-voltage and low-voltage metering chamber areas 41 ', 42 ' of the metering chamber area 4 ', and the staff can directly record data through the observation window.

In order to reduce the transportation and manufacturing costs, the frame structure employs metal frame bodies, and in order to further reduce the transportation and installation costs, the metal frame bodies 71 are assembled on site by cutting and/or welding, or fastening, and are formed by splicing with the partition and/or the panel 81 on site.

In order to further increase the adaptability of the box-type substation, each functional device in the box-type substation is movably connected with the frame structure 7, in other words, the devices arranged in each functional room area can be fixed or unfixed, and various movable devices such as a draw-out type device with strong interchangeability can be flexibly selected, so that the transportation cost and the installation cost can be greatly reduced during production and installation of the box-type substation, and the required devices can be installed only by installing the frame of the box-type substation on site and then placing the frame of the box-type substation; when the maintenance is carried out, only the chamber door of the corresponding function chamber area needs to be opened to take out or replace equipment, so that the maintenance is very convenient, the maintenance visual field is wide, the movable range of maintenance operation and tools is large, the replacement equipment is simple, the corresponding equipment can be designed as a standard part, the manual drilling is not needed to be carried out in the frame, and the maintenance efficiency and the safety factor are greatly improved.

Generally speaking, as a metering room area and a transformer room area in a frame structure of a box-type substation are communicated in a frame body, at the moment, a transformer room can also extend into a vacant space of the metering room area, and is not limited to be accommodated in the transformer room area, so that the requirement of most transformers on the height of the box-type substation is met, but considering that the height of the transformer needed in certain special occasions exceeds the design height of the transformer room area in the frame structure, and the vacant space of the metering room area cannot be completely accommodated, the inventor further improves the frame structure 7 of the box-type substation, so that the height of the frame structure is adjustable; as shown in fig. 9: the frame structure 7 is also an upper-lower two-layer structure, the upper-layer frame body 711 is sleeved on the lower-layer frame body 712, and the upper-layer frame body 711 and the lower-layer frame body 712 are partially overlapped to be used as a reserved height adjusting part; the overlapping portion is provided with a plurality of through holes having the same pitch as the height adjusting holes 73; correspondingly, the height adjusting hole 73 is matched with a plurality of groups of bolt and nut 74 for limiting, mounting and fastening; generally, the upper frame body 711 and the lower frame body 712 are in a normal state, that is, in a state of minimum height, and can be generally applied to most of commercially available transformers, and when the height of the transformer required in some special occasions exceeds the normal height of the transformer chamber area, and the empty space of the metering chamber area cannot be accommodated, the height of the lower frame body 712 can be adjusted by the upper frame body 711 and the lower frame body 712 of the frame structure through the height adjusting hole 73, so that the height of the transformer chamber area can be adjusted, and after the adjustment is completed, the upper frame body 711 and the lower frame body 712 are limited and fixed by the plurality of sets of bolt and nuts 74, so that the height adjusting process of the frame structure is realized.

Example 5

Fig. 10 to 15 are another preferred embodiment of the frame structure of the box-type substation provided by the present invention, which is different from the above embodiments, in that the frame structure of the box-type substation integrates the cable room areas of embodiments 1 to 2 with the high-low voltage switch room area, at this time, the frame structure of the box-type substation includes a high-voltage switch room area 1 ', a low-voltage switch room area 2 ', a transformer room area 3 ', and cables entering and exiting from the high-low voltage switch room area can be respectively placed in the high-voltage switch room area 1 ' or the low-voltage switch room area 2 ', so that the cable maintenance can be realized by using the box-type substation in cooperation with a cable well at this time.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the framework structure of the box-type substation, as shown in fig. 10, the high-voltage switch room area 1 ' and the low-voltage switch room area 2 ' are respectively attached to the side walls of the transformer room area 3 ' and the metering room area 4 ', and the bottom surfaces of the high-voltage switch room area (1 ') and the low-voltage switch room area (2 ') are not flush with but parallel to the top surface or the bottom surface of the transformer room area 3 '; at the moment, the plan views of the high-voltage and low-voltage switch rooms (1 ', 2 ') and the transformer room area 3 ' in the box-type substation are similar to the structure in a Chinese character ' mu ' shape in the traditional box-type substation, but the invention key point of the invention is still kept, and each function room area in the box-type substation is distributed in a multilayer way (realized by staggered layers, namely the high-voltage and low-voltage switch room areas and the transformer room areas are different layers); therefore, the structure and the volume of the box-type transformer substation can be further simplified, particularly the occupied area is reduced, and the box-type transformer substation is suitable for power supply in the city.

As a further preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, in addition to the metering chamber region 4 ', a load control chamber region 8', a CT and low voltage busbar chamber region 9 ', a low voltage incoming line switch chamber region 10' and a reactive compensation chamber region 11 'are further added above the transformer chamber region 3'; the five function chamber areas form an integral chamber area which is positioned between the high-voltage switch chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area and positioned above the transformer chamber area; in order to reasonably distribute space, a metering room area 4 ', a load control room area 8 ', a CT and a low-voltage busbar room area 9 ' form an area A of the whole room area, a low-voltage incoming switch room area 10 ' and a reactive compensation room area 11 ' form an area B of the whole room area, and the area A and the area B are designed back to back. In addition, the measurement chamber 34 is provided with an observation window (not shown), through which a worker can directly record data.

It is worth mentioning that the inventor carries out further research aiming at the heat dissipation problem possibly brought by reducing the volume of the box-type substation, and designs the relative position relationship between the metering room region 4 ', the negative control room region 8', the CT and low-voltage busbar room region 9 ', the low-voltage incoming line switch room region 10' and the reactive compensation room region 11 'in an original way, as shown in fig. 12, the metering room region 4' is attached to the negative control room region 8 ', the negative control room region 8' is attached to the CT and low-voltage busbar room region 9 ', correspondingly, the low-voltage incoming line switch room region 10' is attached to the reactive compensation room region 11 ', but only the CT and low-voltage busbar room region 9' are attached to the low-voltage incoming line switch room region 10 ', and the rest non-attached part C is communicated with the transformer room region 3'; the inventor adds at least one fan 12 to the part C as shown in fig. 5, and forms an air cooling passage 13 (i.e., the part C) in the box-type substation, and heat dissipation in the box-type substation, especially in the transformer room area, can be realized by air suction of the fan 12 as shown in fig. 13 and 14. In addition, in order to further increase the ventilation volume of the air-cooled channel 13, the inventor changes the adaptability of the reactive compensation room area 11 ' into a stepped structure, i.e. two rows of capacitance devices in the reactive compensation room area 39 are distributed in a high-low manner, and the bottom wall of the reactive compensation room area 11 ' is stepped, wherein the bottom wall near the central area of the box-type substation is slightly higher, i.e. the area near the transformer is slightly higher, at this time, the volume of the air-cooled channel 13 can be increased, i.e. the heat dissipation of the transformer room area 3 ' is further enhanced.

In addition, for convenience of installation and maintenance, the metering room area 4 ', the load control room area 8 ', the CT and low-voltage busbar room area 9 ', the low-voltage inlet wire switch room area 10 ' and the reactive compensation room area 11 ' can be assembled in a unified manner or respectively assembled and transported, the metering room area, the load control room area and the low-voltage busbar room area can be installed and assembled in a box-type substation in a use place, all sub-function room areas can be integrally replaced and maintained, convenient maintenance and low-cost transportation can be achieved by matching with the support legs 75 arranged on the frame structure, as shown in fig. 15, when the corresponding function room area is installed, the installation can be completed only by placing the support legs 75 in the assembled function room area; in order to ensure the supporting effect, the supporting legs 75 are welded to the frame body 71 of the frame structure, and unlike the embodiment 4, the height of the frame body 71 is not adjustable, and is an integral structure.

In order to stabilize the box-type substation, a foundation 14 can be built below the box-type substation, the foundation 14 can be of a brick structure, the box-type substation is used for preventing moisture and damp better and supporting the box-type substation for use, and high-voltage and low-voltage cables entering the foundation 14 enter the box-type substation. In addition, it is worth mentioning that in order to avoid the problem that the matched cable well 15 cannot be installed due to the fact that a complex underground pipeline structure is encountered during urban assembly, the cable well 15 for maintaining and storing redundant cables is not located right below the box transformer substation, and accordingly can be arranged on any underground part around the box transformer substation, as shown in fig. 16, the cable wells 15 are respectively built in the high-voltage cable well and the low-voltage cable well and are used for placing cables, so that the height of the box transformer substation can be effectively reduced, and the daily maintenance of the cables by operating personnel is facilitated; furthermore, when the installation environments are different, the high-voltage cable well and the low-voltage cable well 15 are selected to be located on the same side of the box transformer or on different sides of the box transformer respectively. In addition, the cable well structure can adopt the structure shown in the Chinese patent application 2014102003714 or the Chinese patent ZL201420243069.2 by the inventor.

At this time, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the box-type substation adopting the frame structure is composed of a high-voltage switch room 1, a low-voltage switch room 2, a transformer room 3 and a metering room 4, a negative control room 8, a CT and low-voltage busbar room 9, a low-voltage incoming switch room 10 and a reactive compensation room 11, the high-voltage and low-voltage switch rooms and the transformer room are arranged in a staggered layer, the lines in the transformer room and the high-voltage and low-voltage switch rooms are V-shaped, the metering room, the negative control room, the CT and low-voltage busbar room, the low-voltage incoming switch room and the reactive compensation room are all located above the transformer room, so that a novel space structure with multiple layers and matched staggered layers is formed, the structure of the box-type substation is more reasonable, heat can be dispersed, natural heat dissipation is formed, and compared with the products in the prior art, the box-type substation has the huge advantages of small occupied area, small volume, standardization, safety and convenient maintenance. According to the structure, only two high-voltage and low-voltage cable wells with the size of 800 × 1000 are needed to be communicated with the underground cable during installation of the box-type substation, a large foundation base does not need to be made downwards, the construction working cost is reduced, damage to each device caused by invasion of underground moisture into the box-type substation is avoided, and the installation efficiency and the safety are greatly improved.

Example 6

The present embodiment is different from the above-mentioned embodiment in that a housing 16 for the box-type substation is added on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, and fig. 17 to 20 are schematic diagrams of the box-type substation in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 17 and 18: the housing 16 is an outer shell of the box-type substation, and unlike the outer shell of the box-type substation in the prior art, the housing 16 is divided into an upper housing 161 and a lower housing 162 which are movably connected.

As a preferred embodiment of the upper casing 161, the upper casing 161 is in the form of a door 1611 with four sides openable, and is formed by surrounding four door 1611 and a top plate 1612 hinged by hinges, respectively, the upper casing 161 is externally sleeved outside the box-type substation and the frame structure thereof with any one of the above structures, and each door 1611 is in a normally closed lockable state, so as to prevent an unskilled person from opening the upper casing by mistake and avoid a safety accident; when corresponding equipment needs to be detected or overhauled, the conditions of the internal equipment can be directly known only by opening the door body 1611 and the corresponding door (not shown in the figure) of each functional room area, and people do not need to enter the station for overhauling, so that the operation is safer and more convenient; in order to fully utilize the space and facilitate the movement of the technician, the door 1611 may be opened upward as shown in fig. 19, and a hydraulic support rod 16111 may be additionally provided to support the door 1611 to be opened during the maintenance. In addition, in order to save materials and ensure heat dissipation, the door bodies 1611 on both sides are provided with ventilation slots 16111, and the functional room area provided with the ventilation slots 16111 has no corresponding door, in other words, the door body 1611 of the housing is the door of the functional room area, and in this embodiment, the door is the side door of the high-voltage and low-voltage switching room area.

As a preferred embodiment of the top plate 1612, as shown in fig. 19 and 20, the functional chamber area under the top plate 1612 has no top wall, in other words, the high-voltage and low-voltage switch chamber areas (1 ', 2'), the metering chamber area 4 ', the negative control chamber area 8', the CT and low-voltage busbar chamber area 9 ', the low-voltage incoming switch chamber area 10' and the reactive compensation chamber area 11 'have no top wall, and these three chamber areas and the transformer chamber area 3' are communicated with the housing 16, so that a gap 16121 is left between the top plate 1612 and the frame structure to facilitate the heat dissipation. However, in order to prevent rain leakage, the top plate 1612 should be slightly larger than the frame structure, and water retaining grooves or drainage grooves are formed around the top plate 1612 to prevent rain from entering the box transformer substation. In addition, when the ambient temperature is high or the heat dissipation in the box transformer needs to be further enhanced, the top plate 1612 may be provided with an air outlet 16122 at a position corresponding to the fan 12, as shown in fig. 20, but the air is only permeable, and rain sheltering is realized by the prior art, which is not described herein.

As a preferred embodiment of the lower shell 162, the lower shell 162 is a net shell 162, and the net shell can be assembled with the frame structure, or can be transported to a using place after the assembly of the frame structure is completed, and then further welded; and a dustproof and moistureproof net (not shown in the figure) can be correspondingly configured according to the difference of the working environment of the box-type substation; at the moment, the transformer room can be relatively isolated under the protection of the dustproof and moistureproof net, and the good heat dissipation performance can be maintained by keeping ventilation through the net.

In addition, in order to enhance the aesthetic property of the box-type substation, and to achieve the environmental-friendly or warning safety function, as shown in fig. 17, the housing 16, especially the upper housing 161, may be configured as a billboard, which may be selected from various billboards in the prior art, may also be directly powered by the box-type substation, and may also be used as a street lamp.

Example 7

In addition, in order to ensure that the box-type substation can still maintain better heat dissipation performance on the premise of greatly reducing the volume and the floor area of the box-type substation, the inventor improves the transformer 31 of the box-type substation. Fig. 21-23 are perspective views illustrating the structure of an oil-type transformer, as shown in fig. 21, the transformer 31 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and includes a transformer housing 311, transformer oil (not shown), working components (not shown), and a heat dissipation assembly 312, the transformer oil is contained in the housing 311, the working components include an iron core and windings, and the heat dissipation assembly 312 is composed of a heat dissipation wall 3121 and a heat dissipation channel 3122 formed by surrounding the heat dissipation wall 3121; the heat sink 312 is disposed in the transformer housing 311 but does not communicate with the inside of the transformer 31.

The cross section of the heat dissipation wall 3121 is a wavy cross section, and compared with a planar cross section, the wavy cross section has a larger cross section area, and the heat exchange area with the inside of the transformer is also larger, which is more favorable for heat dissipation. The cross section of the heat dissipation channel 3122 is circular, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing. In addition, the trace of the heat dissipating member 312 is linear, so that the heat dissipating member 312 has a hollow tubular shape as a whole. It should be noted here that the cross-sectional shapes of the heat dissipation wall and the heat dissipation channel are not unique, but are flexibly adjusted according to the structure of the corresponding transformer; the description of the cross-sectional shapes of the heat dissipation walls and the heat dissipation channels of the heat dissipation assembly in this embodiment should not be considered to be exclusive.

In order to fully utilize the internal space of the transformer 31 and improve the natural heat dissipation performance inside the transformer 31, the two ends of the heat dissipation channel 3122 simultaneously penetrate through a pair of

opposite side walls

3111 and 3113 of the four side walls of the transformer 31, and the heat dissipation assembly 312 is fixedly mounted on the

side walls

3111 and 3113 in a welding manner and is not communicated with the inside of the transformer 31. As shown in fig. 11, the heat dissipation assemblies 312 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the transformer 31, and are uniformly distributed on two sides of a transformer working assembly (not shown) located in a middle position from top to bottom, when the transformer 31 is in a working state, heat dissipated by the working assembly is absorbed by the multiple sets of heat dissipation assemblies 312, and is naturally dissipated by circulating air flowing naturally through the heat dissipation channels to outside air, and the enclosure 8 with a mesh structure is used, so that air in the transformer chamber area 3' has a stronger fluidity, and a natural heat dissipation effect is significant. It is worth mentioning that the heat dissipation system takes air as a heat dissipation medium, realizes natural heat dissipation by fully utilizing the principle of air circulation convection in a heat dissipation channel, is low-carbon, environment-friendly, efficient and energy-saving, greatly reduces the volume of the transformer on the premise of not influencing the main structure of the box-type substation and ensuring good natural heat dissipation performance, and has very wide application prospect and popularization value.

It should be noted that, since the working components (not shown) of the transformer 31 are located in the central region of the transformer, the heat dissipation components 312 cannot penetrate through the central region, and can only be distributed on two sides, so as to reduce the natural heat dissipation performance inside the transformer 31 to a certain extent, therefore, in order to more fully utilize the internal space of the transformer 31, increase the heat exchange area between the heat dissipation components and the inside of the transformer 31, and improve the heat dissipation effect, the inventor has made an improvement on the basis of the heat dissipation structure of the transformer.

As shown in fig. 21, 10 groups of symmetrical and uniformly distributed heat dissipation assemblies 313 are additionally arranged on

opposite side walls

3111 and 3113 of the transformer 31 corresponding to the working assemblies of the transformer 31, each group of heat dissipation assemblies 313 comprises 3 independent heat dissipation assemblies from large to small, each independent heat dissipation assembly is composed of a non-planar heat dissipation wall 3131 and a square heat dissipation passage 3132 formed by surrounding the non-planar heat dissipation wall, three heat dissipation assemblies in each group are uniformly spaced, the corresponding trace lines are C-shaped and all located in the same vertical plane, the large heat sink assembly 313a is located at the outermost side, the medium heat sink assembly 313b is located at the middle side, the small heat sink assembly 313C is located at the innermost side, both ends of the heat dissipation channel 3132 of each heat sink assembly 313 simultaneously penetrate through the

same side wall

3111 or 3113 of the transformer 31, and the heat sink assemblies 313 are all fixedly mounted on the

side walls

3111 and 3113 in a welding manner and are not communicated with the inside of the transformer 31. The heat dissipation assembly 312 and the heat dissipation assembly 313 are used in cooperation, so that the heat dissipation system is uniformly distributed around the transformer working assembly (not shown in the figure), when the transformer 31 is in a working state, heat dissipated by the working assembly towards all directions is absorbed by the heat dissipation assembly 312 and the heat dissipation assembly 313 from the periphery, and is naturally dissipated by the naturally circulating air brought to the outside air through the heat dissipation channel, and the heat dissipation performance is further improved and the heat dissipation effect is improved on the basis of the heat dissipation structure of the transformer.

In addition, in order to more fully utilize the natural cold air at the bottom of the transformer chamber area 3 ' for heat dissipation, promote the circulation of the cold air in the transformer chamber area 3 ', and further improve the heat dissipation effect in the transformer chamber area 3 ', the inventor further improves the heat dissipation of the transformer on the basis of the heat dissipation structure of the transformer. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of an oil-type transformer, as shown in fig. 22, the transformer 31 includes two sets of heat dissipation assemblies 314, two ends of a heat dissipation channel 3141 of each heat dissipation assembly respectively penetrate through a side wall 3111 and a bottom wall 3116, and a side wall 3113 and a bottom wall 3116, and since cold air is concentrated on the bottom of the transformer room 3 ', the arrangement is favorable for heat exchange between the cold air at the bottom of the transformer room 3 ' and hot air at the middle upper part, and the arrangement of the heat dissipation channel 3141 enables the cold air and the hot air in the transformer room to circularly flow, so that the temperatures of all parts from top to bottom in the transformer room 3 ' are uniform, a local overheating phenomenon is avoided, the heat dissipation performance of the transformer 31 is greatly improved, and the application range of the compact box-type substation is widened.

In addition, in order to further improve the heat dissipation performance of the compact box-type substation and further improve the heat dissipation effect, the inventor further improves the heat dissipation of the transformer 31 on the basis of any one of the transformers 31, and specifically, the first transformer structure shown in fig. 21 is taken as an example for detailed description. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of an oil type transformer, and as shown in fig. 23, compared with the first transformer, the transformer 31 has a length of an oil tank of the transformer increased, and a volume of the oil tank is correspondingly increased, so that on the premise that the length of the transformer is not greater than the length of the box-type substation, transformer oil in the transformer is increased, thereby increasing a heat dissipation medium in the transformer, further improving heat dissipation performance, and improving heat dissipation effect.

In order to better promote the circulation flow of the transformer oil in the transformer 31 and increase the heat exchange area between the transformer oil and the outside of the transformer 31, two groups of symmetrical heat dissipation fins 315 are arranged on the transformer 31, each group of heat dissipation fins 315 is composed of 15 independent heat dissipation fins 3151, each heat dissipation fin 3151 is in a C-shaped hollow structure, is respectively and symmetrically arranged on the

opposite side walls

3112 and 3114 of the transformer 31 and is communicated with the inside of the transformer 31, the transformer oil can circularly flow in each heat dissipation fin 3151, heat generated by working components is brought into each heat dissipation fin 3151 by the flowing transformer oil, and is subjected to heat exchange and heat dissipation with the outside air through the heat dissipation fins 3151. The transformer 31 with the structure makes full use of the transverse space in the transformer room area 3' increased by the arrangement of the high-voltage switch room area (not shown in the figure) and the low-voltage switch room area (not shown in the figure) in the upper and lower multi-layer box-type substation, overcomes the defect that the transformer oil is reduced due to the arrangement of the

heat dissipation assemblies

312 and 313, so that the oil circulation heat dissipation is weakened, skillfully and organically combines two natural heat dissipation modes of air heat dissipation and transformer oil heat dissipation, and greatly improves the natural heat dissipation performance of the box-type substation.

It should be noted that, in order to further increase the air fluidity in the transformer room and improve the heat dissipation performance of the transformer room area 3 ', a plurality of fans (not shown) may be further disposed in the transformer room area 3', the fans are installed at two sides of the transformer 31 in a staggered manner, and the blowing direction is consistent with the direction of the

heat dissipation passages

3122 and 3132, so as to accelerate the air circulation speed in the

heat dissipation passages

3122 and 3132, thereby significantly increasing the heat dissipation effect.

It should be noted that the number of the heat dissipating components and the pipe diameter or cross-sectional area of the heat dissipating channels shown in the embodiment are not exclusive, and those skilled in the art can make modifications or improvements on the basis of the number and the pipe diameter or the cross-sectional area, and still consider that the number and the cross-sectional area fall within the protection scope of the technical solution provided by the present invention.

Finally, it must be said here that: the above embodiments are only used for further detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention, and the insubstantial modifications and adaptations made by those skilled in the art according to the above descriptions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A box-type substation, its characterized in that: the system at least comprises a high-voltage switch room area, a low-voltage switch room area, a transformer room area, a cable room area, a metering room area, a load control room area, a CT (computed tomography) and low-voltage busbar room area, a low-voltage wire-incoming switch room area and a reactive compensation room area; the metering chamber area, the load control chamber area, the CT and low-voltage busbar chamber area, the low-voltage incoming line switch chamber area and the reactive power compensation chamber area are designed back to back; the metering chamber is communicated with the transformer chamber, and the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are distributed in a multi-layer or staggered manner from top to bottom; when the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are distributed in an up-down multilayer manner, the bottom surface of the high-voltage switch chamber and the top surface of the transformer chamber are only partially attached or not attached, so that the high-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are arranged in a step manner, and the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are arranged in a step manner; when the transformer chamber is distributed in a staggered manner, the side walls of the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are respectively attached to the two side walls of the transformer chamber, and a step is formed between the top surface of the high-voltage switch chamber and the top surface of the transformer chamber and between the top surface of the low-voltage switch chamber and the top surface of the transformer chamber; and the equipment circuits in the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are M, U or V-shaped.

2. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are the same in height, the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are different in height from the transformer chamber, and equipment circuits in the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are M-shaped.

3. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the box substation may also comprise a metering room and/or a cable room.

4. The box substation of claim 3, characterized in that: the metering chamber is a high-pressure metering chamber and/or a low-pressure metering chamber; the high-voltage metering chamber is a charged area and is used for leading the high-voltage switch chamber into the transformer chamber.

5. The box substation of claim 3, characterized in that: the cable chamber is a high-voltage cable chamber and a low-voltage cable chamber.

6. The box substation of claim 3, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are positioned on the same layer.

7. The box substation of claim 3, characterized in that: the box-type substation is divided into two layers from top to bottom, wherein the upper layer comprises a high-voltage switch chamber and a low-voltage switch chamber, and the lower layer comprises a transformer chamber.

8. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber, and the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber in the box-type transformer substation are distributed in a stepped layered manner.

9. The box substation of claim 8, characterized in that: and the side walls of all functional chambers in the box-type substation are not attached.

10. The box substation of claim 8, characterized in that: when the high-voltage switch chamber, the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber of the box-type transformer substation are distributed in an up-down multilayer manner, the bottom surface of the high-voltage switch chamber is only partially attached or not attached to the top surface of the transformer chamber, so that the high-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are arranged in a stepped manner, and the low-voltage switch chamber and the transformer chamber are arranged in a stepped manner.

11. The box substation of claim 8, characterized in that: when the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber of the box-type transformer substation are respectively distributed in a staggered manner, the side walls of the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are respectively attached to the two side walls of the transformer chamber, so that the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber are respectively distributed in a staggered manner with the transformer chamber.

12. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the metering chamber is communicated with the transformer chamber.

13. The box substation of claim 4, characterized in that: a partition board is additionally arranged between the high-pressure metering chamber and the low-pressure metering chamber, and corresponding chamber doors are respectively arranged for the high-pressure metering chamber and the low-pressure metering chamber.

14. The box substation of claim 12, characterized in that: locks or other protection devices are additionally arranged on the door of each charged area, such as the high-voltage metering chamber.

15. The box substation of claim 5, characterized in that: the high-voltage cable chamber and the low-voltage cable chamber are respectively arranged at two sides of the transformer chamber, namely below the high-voltage switch chamber and the low-voltage switch chamber.

16. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber is internally provided with high-voltage switch equipment, the low-voltage switch chamber is internally provided with low-voltage compensation equipment and a low-voltage outgoing line loop, a transformer is arranged in the transformer chamber, a high-voltage incoming line for connecting the high-voltage switch equipment and the transformer is arranged in the high-voltage metering chamber of the metering chamber, an incoming line main switch and the metering equipment are arranged in the low-voltage metering chamber, and a high-voltage incoming line and a low-voltage outgoing line are respectively arranged in the high-voltage cable chamber and the low-voltage cable chamber of the cable chamber.

17. The box substation of claim 16, characterized in that: the incoming cable is led in from the upper part of the box-type transformer substation, namely from the air; at the moment, each equipment line of the box-type substation is in a V shape.

18. The box-type substation according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: the box-type substation also comprises a frame structure, wherein the frame structure comprises a frame-type frame body and a plurality of partition plates and/or panels, the frame-type frame body and the partition plates and/or panels are assembled and installed to divide the interior of the frame body into a plurality of function room areas, each function room area at least comprises a high-voltage switch room area, a low-voltage switch room area and a transformer room area, the high-voltage switch room areas, the low-voltage switch room areas and the transformer room areas are distributed in a multi-layer or staggered-layer mode from top to bottom, and the transformer room areas are located on the lower layer of the frame structure.

19. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber area, the low-voltage switch chamber area and the transformer chamber area are distributed in an up-down multilayer or staggered layer mode, and the transformer chamber area is located on the lower layer of the frame structure.

20. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the frame structure also comprises a metering chamber area, and the metering chamber area, the high-voltage switch chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area are positioned on the same layer and are arranged between the high-voltage switch chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area.

21. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the upper layer of the frame structure is a high-voltage switch chamber area, a metering chamber area and a low-voltage switch chamber area in sequence, the lower layer is a transformer chamber area, the high-voltage switch chamber area is attached to the side wall of the metering chamber area, the low-voltage switch chamber area is spliced with the side wall of the metering chamber area, and the bottom walls of the high-voltage switch chamber area, the metering chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area are respectively attached to the partial top wall of the transformer chamber area.

22. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-voltage switch chamber area and the metering chamber area share one side wall, namely the side wall where the high-voltage switch chamber area and the metering chamber area are attached is the same partition plate, and similarly, the low-voltage switch chamber area and the metering chamber area share one side wall.

23. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom wall of the high-voltage switch chamber area and part of the top wall of the transformer chamber area are the same partition plate, and correspondingly, the bottom walls of the metering chamber area and the low-voltage switch chamber area and part of the top wall of the transformer chamber area are the same partition plate.

24. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the metering chamber area is communicated with the transformer chamber area.

25. The box substation of claim 24, characterized in that: a panel movably connected with the corresponding functional area of the frame type frame body is used as a door body to distinguish a metering chamber area and a transformer chamber area.

26. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: the metering chamber region can be divided into a high pressure metering chamber region and a low pressure metering chamber region.

27. The box substation of claim 26, characterized in that: and the high-voltage metering chamber area is internally provided with live equipment, and the low-voltage metering chamber area is internally provided with metering equipment.

28. The box substation of claim 27, wherein: a partition is additionally arranged between the high-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure metering chamber area of the metering chamber area, and corresponding door bodies are respectively arranged for the high-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure metering chamber area.

29. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: and the metering chamber area door body is provided with a corresponding observation window.

30. The box substation of claim 19, characterized in that: the frame structure of the box-type substation further comprises a cable chamber area which can be divided into a high-voltage cable chamber area and a low-voltage cable chamber area, and the high-voltage cable chamber area and the low-voltage cable chamber area are respectively located on two sides of the transformer chamber area.

31. The box substation of claim 30, wherein: the cable compartment area may be co-level with the transformer compartment area.

32. The box substation of claim 30, wherein: the cable chamber may be level with the frame structure of the box substation.

33. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: work as when frame construction is two-layer, above-mentioned support body divide into swing joint's upper strata and lower floor's support body, and the upper strata support body can cup joint on lower floor's support body, and the part overlaps between the upper and lower floor's support body, and as the regulation part of reserving, it has the even through-hole of a plurality of intervals to reserve the direction of height of regulation part to open in, as the altitude mixture control hole, the floor height of upper and lower floor's support body accessible altitude mixture control lower floor's support body to realize through bolt and nut that the installation is fixed.

34. The box substation of claim 33, wherein: the high-pressure metering chamber area and the high-pressure switch chamber area are located on the same layer, and the low-pressure metering chamber area and the low-pressure switch chamber area are located on the same layer.

35. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: each functional device in the box-type substation is movably connected with the frame structure.

36. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the frame structure can be added with corresponding partition plates and/or panels according to requirements to realize the addition of corresponding functional chamber areas.

37. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the functional room area of the frame structure comprises a high-voltage switch room area, a low-voltage switch room area, a transformer room area and a metering room area, and is additionally provided with a load control room area, a CT (current transformer) and low-voltage busbar room area, a low-voltage incoming line switch room area and a reactive power compensation room area.

38. The box substation of claim 37, wherein: the five functional room areas, namely the metering room area, the load control room area, the CT and low-voltage busbar room area, the low-voltage incoming line switch room area and the reactive compensation room area, form an integral room area, and the integral room area is positioned between the high-voltage switch room area and the low-voltage switch room area and above the transformer room area.

39. The box substation of claim 38, wherein: the metering chamber area is attached to the negative control chamber area, the negative control chamber area is attached to the CT and low-voltage busbar chamber area, correspondingly, the low-voltage incoming line switch chamber area is attached to the reactive compensation chamber area, only the CT and low-voltage busbar chamber area are attached to part of the low-voltage incoming line switch chamber area, and the rest parts which are not attached to each other are communicated with the transformer chamber area.

40. The box substation of claim 39, wherein: at least one fan is additionally arranged on the non-attached part, at the moment, the non-attached part in the box-type substation forms an air cooling channel, and heat dissipation in the box-type substation, especially heat dissipation in a transformer room area, can be realized through air extraction of the fan.

41. The box substation of claim 40, wherein: the reactive compensation chamber area is adaptively changed into a stepped structure.

42. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the frame body is also provided with a plurality of support legs for supporting the integral chamber areas of the high-voltage switch chamber area, the low-voltage switch chamber area, the transformer chamber area, the high-voltage metering chamber area and the low-voltage metering chamber area, or the integral chamber areas after the five functional chamber areas are further assembled.

43. The box substation of claim 1, characterized in that: a foundation is built below the box-type substation, the foundation can be of a brick structure, the foundation is used for preventing moisture and damp and supporting the box-type substation, cables can pass in and out better, and high-voltage cables and low-voltage cables passing in and out of the box-type substation enter the foundation and then enter the box-type substation.

44. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the frame structure of the box-type substation is additionally provided with a shell, the shell is an outer shell of the box-type substation, and the shell is correspondingly divided into an upper shell and a lower shell which are movably connected according to the upper layer and the lower layer of the frame structure.

45. The box substation of claim 44, wherein: the upper shell is in a door body form with four sides capable of being opened, and can be formed by surrounding four door bodies and a top plate which are hinged through hinges respectively, and the upper shell is sleeved outside the box-type substation and the frame structure thereof.

46. The box substation of claim 45, wherein: the door bodies on the two sides are provided with ventilation grooves, and the function room area provided with the ventilation grooves is not provided with corresponding room doors, in other words, the door body of the shell is the room door of the function room area.

47. The box substation of claim 45, wherein: the functional chamber area under the top plate is not provided with a top wall.

48. The box substation of claim 45, wherein: the top plate is slightly larger than the frame structure, and water retaining grooves or drainage grooves are formed in the periphery of the top plate.

49. The box substation of claim 48, wherein: the top plate can be provided with an air outlet at the corresponding position of the fan.

50. The box substation of claim 45, wherein: the lower shell is a net-shaped shell, and a dustproof and moistureproof net can be correspondingly configured according to the working environment difference of the box-type substation.

51. The box substation of claim 18, characterized in that: the frame-type frame body of the frame structure is formed by splicing square tubes or round tubes.

52. The box substation of claim 51, wherein: the frame type frame body is provided with support legs, and all the functional chamber areas are placed on the support legs.

53. The box substation of claim 51, wherein: each functional device in the box-type substation is movably connected with the frame structure.

54. The box-type substation according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: the box-type substation also comprises at least one heat dissipation assembly which is arranged on the outer wall of the transformer but is not communicated with the interior of the transformer.

55. The box substation of claim 54, wherein: the heat dissipation assembly is arranged in the oil type transformer.

56. The box substation of claim 54, wherein: the heat dissipation assembly comprises a heat dissipation wall and a heat dissipation channel formed by the heat dissipation wall in a surrounding mode.

57. The box substation of claim 56, wherein: two ends of the heat dissipation channel simultaneously penetrate through a pair of opposite side walls, namely two unconnected side walls, of the four side walls of the transformer; or a top wall and a bottom wall; or a side wall and a bottom wall; or the same side wall; or a combination of any one or more of the above.

58. The box substation of claim 56, wherein: the heat dissipation channel is parallel to the bottom wall of the transformer and penetrates through a pair of opposite side walls, namely two unconnected side walls, of the four side walls of the transformer; or the heat dissipation channel is parallel to the side wall of the transformer and penetrates through the top wall and the bottom wall of the transformer.

59. The box substation of claim 54, wherein: the heat dissipation assembly can be additionally provided with an auxiliary heat dissipation channel penetrating through the side wall, the auxiliary heat dissipation channel can be made into a nonlinear shape by bending two ends, at the moment, the heat dissipation assembly is in a bent pipe shape, the radian of the bent pipe can be determined by a specific manufacturing process, and the radian with the lowest cost and stable performance in the prior art is selected.

60. The box substation of claim 59, wherein: the cross section of the heat dissipation wall is non-planar.

61. The box substation of claim 59, wherein: the cross section of the heat dissipation wall is a wavy surface.

62. The box substation of claim 59, wherein: the cross section of the heat dissipation wall comprises an arc-shaped wavy surface and a polygonal wavy surface.

63. The box substation of claim 59, wherein: the cross section of the heat dissipation channel comprises an unsealed cross section or a closed cross section.

64. The box substation of claim 63, wherein: the shape of the cross-section of the heat dissipation channel includes, but is not limited to, a rectangle, a diamond, a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a trapezoid, a hexagon, an octagon, or a dodecagon.

65. The box substation of claim 63, wherein: the shape of the cross section of the heat dissipation channel is preferably rectangular, rhombic, circular or hexagonal.

66. The box substation of claim 55, wherein: a plurality of radiating fins are arranged outside the oil type transformer and communicated with the inside of the transformer oil tank.

67. The box substation of claim 66, wherein: the heat dissipation fins are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the oil type transformer and communicated with the inside of the oil type transformer.