CN105760665A - Calculation method for ecological water requirement of affected plain area river network - Google Patents
Calculation method for ecological water requirement of affected plain area river network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a calculation method for the ecological water requirement of an affected plain area river network, and provides a river ecological water requirement calculation method suitable for the affected plain area river network and constructed based on attached diatom indicative characters. The method includes the steps that survey spot positions and survey frequency are determined first; an attached diatom integrality index and a threshold value interval in a river network region are determined secondly; the quantitative analysis relation between the attached diatom integrality index of survey spots and a monthly averaged river flow rate measured actually is set up, and ecological flow rate control values in a river channel for maintaining different target ecological flow rates are determined correspondingly according to the threshold value interval of the attached diatom integrality index; according to flow cross sections determined by the different ecological flow rate control values and the annual average month-by month water level of the river channel, ecological flow rates for maintaining different healthy targets in the river channel, of all months are determined. Key technology support can be provided for determining a corresponding ecological water requirement control target for river ecological health maintenance and water conservancy project regulation and control of the plain river network area greatly affected by human activities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological environmental protection technical field, particularly relate to a kind of computational methods determining disturbed Plain River Network Areas ecological water demand of rivers based on Attached diatom indicative character.
Background technology
Plain River Network Areas physical features is smooth, gathers in the network of rivers, and the network of waterways is connected, and water ecosystem has common feature because of seriality；Simultaneously because river slope is little, water body self-purification ability is low, under Human impact affects, especially regulated factor by hydraulic engineering to affect, though in river course, water body flow situation is relevant to factors such as the water-head in other rivers that are connected, changes in flow rate inside and outside season and the network of waterways, but there is notable difference with naturalness；River Network aquatic ecosystem often impaired seriously, produce the problems such as the water quality deterioration, the algal bloom outburst that such as produce because current are smooth.For protecting and recovering river and network of waterways environmental health, practice needs more take increase network of waterways flow and promote the measures such as the water transfer of network of waterways water body flow, moisturizing.For promoting that the network of waterways and river water environmental health are recovered, provide for water transfer drain measure in practice simultaneously and instruct foundation, determine that rational ecological flow target is most important for river, River Network.
The Plain River Network Areas hydrologic condition affected by Human impact and Eco-hydrological Processes are complicated, and water demand for natural service process is also extremely complex, but in river course, the condition such as the water yield is still crucial have impact on river channel ecology health status.Find and set up the relation of streamflow condition and ecosystem health, be still that the Basic Ways determining that river network system water demand for natural service controls target.
At present river ecosystem health is determined with multiple method, most typically based on the multi-objective synthetic evaluation of the key elements such as fluvial morphology, the hydrology, water quality and biology, but the investigation of this method is complicated with evaluation process, and it is difficult to set up data relationship with flow condition, it is difficult to need suitable in River Network water demand for natural service rapid evaluation.Circulate based on the water of water demand for natural service, water balance and ecological effect theoretical basis thereof, biological have adaptability to the water yield, when water yield generation large change, it will species quantity and distribution are produced impact.Due to by Human impact, Plain River Network Areas aquatic ecosystem feature is bigger with naturalness difference, water quality inferiority, the hydrologic condition intervened, and other multiple effects of human activity make the species such as rare fingerling, sensitivity benthon substantially disappear, making it difficult to establish water demand for natural service target based on these sensitive biological conditions and feature thereof.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to problem above, provide a kind of network of waterways, disturbed region of no relief ecological water demand of rivers computational methods based on Attached diatom indicative character, to build based on the Attached diatom biological integrity index and threshold interval thereof characterizing river network river ecosystem health situation, set up the relation between flow velocity and Attached diatom biological integrity index in river course, determine therefrom that the flow velocity of river corresponding from the Attached diatom different threshold interval of biological integrity index controls desired value, in conjunction with determined flow section areas of annual water level month by month many in river course, determine each moon Water Requirement controlling value in the river course maintaining different ecological health objectives.
The technical scheme is that and comprise the following steps: S1, determine points for investigation position and investigation frequency, carry out the investigation and analysis of water body Attached diatom and envirment factor；
Described points for investigation includes being disturbed in the network of waterways a little and reference point, and described envirment factor includes the discharge of river, water level, water quality and transverse section；
S2, determine the Different ecosystems Health Category threshold interval of River Network Attached diatom Perfection Index and sign thereof；
Screening Attached diatom biological integrity index index composition, determine Perfection Index score value, and according to be disturbed a little divide with the comparison of reference point " excellent ", " good " corresponding to Perfection Index score value, " in " and the threshold interval of " poor " Different ecosystems Health Category；
S3, foundation measured data data, set up the quantitative relationship between the monthly flow velocity of points for investigation section and diatom Perfection Index value, and determine the flow velocity of river average corresponding with the Attached diatom each threshold interval of biological integrity index, as the flow speed control value of the Ecological Water Demand of Channels maintaining different ecological health objectives；
S4, according to cross-sectional area corresponding to different in flow rate controlling value and the many annuals in Nei Ge river course, network of waterways water level month by month, it is determined that the river course ecological flow controlling value month by month of corresponding different ecological health objectives.
Step S2 comprises the following steps:
S2.1, determine diatom biotic index parameter candidate's scope, including diatom sum, diatom density, diatom business, sensitivity diatom percentage ratio, bent shell algae percentage ratio, bridge curved algae percentage ratio, rhombus algae percentage ratio, boat type algae percentage ratio, pole fine curved shell algae percentage ratio, movable diatom percentage ratio, diversity index, diversity indices, evenness index, diatom resistant index and diatom index；
S2.2, candidate's diatom biotic index is carried out sensitivity analysis and correlation analysis, it is determined that Attached diatom biological integrity index index system；Sensitivity analysis adopts box traction substation method determining method, by being disturbed a little and the reference point two class each candidate's biotic index value of statistics, compares candidate parameter being disturbed a little and reference point overlapping cases within the scope of 25%-75% quantile, thus carrying out assignment；
Carrying out correlation analysis according to screening assignment, the parameter of reservation is as Attached diatom biological integrity index index system；
S2.3, each parameter of the quartering Attached diatom biological integrity index to finally determining is adopted to carry out composing point, the index that interference strength increases to external world, parameter value reduces, the distribution of different quantiles is carried out different assignment；The index that interference strength increases to external world, parameter value increases therewith, carries out different assignment to the distribution of different quantiles；
S2.4, determine that Attached diatom biological integrity index threshold is interval, 25% fractile of the Attached diatom biological integrity exponential quantity distribution according to reference point is as the standard value that river channel ecology Health Category is " excellent ", if Attached diatom biological integrity index score value is more than standard value, representative sample point evaluation result is " excellent "；The Attached diatom biological integrity index score value of sampling point is less than standard value, by the scope trisection of standard value～0, corresponding corresponding river channel ecology health be " good ", " in " and the evaluation result of " poor ".
Step S3 comprises the following steps:
S3.1 is according to total flow Q in river course of that month during investigationi, wherein i is sampled point numbering, and cross-sectional area A is flooded in of that month river course survey point position corresponding to monthly water level value, points for investigation positioni1, it is determined that the monthly flow velocity u in river course, points for investigation positioni:
ui=Qi/Ai1
Each points for investigation Attached diatom biological integrity exponential quantity and corresponding month flow velocity u are determined in S3.2 matchingiBetween quantitative relationship, four threshold intervals according to the aforementioned Attached diatom biological integrity index determined, determine respectively Attached diatom biological integrity exponent pair should be at " excellent ", " good ", " in " the flow velocity average of each points for investigation position of three threshold intervals, as ecological flow speed control desired value u in the of that month river course of investigationDesirable、uSuitableAnd uMinimum。
Step S4 is:
According to monthly investigating ecological flow speed control desired value u in determined river course in the whole yearDesirable、uSuitableAnd uMinimum, and the river course control section inundated area A that each river course many annuals water level month by month is correspondingi2, it is determined that the Water Requirement Q of different ecological health objectives in each river course, river networkDesirable、QSuitableAnd QMinimum:
[QDesirable, QSuitable, QMinimum]=[uDesirable, uSuitable, uMinimum]·Ai2。
The present invention adopts Attached diatom as being disturbed the indicator species that Plain River Network Areas water demand for natural service threshold value is determined, first pass through and Attached diatom and water quality index investigation and sampling point are set in river network, set up candidate's indication range of diatom Perfection Index, by with reference point position relatively carry out index screening, set up the Attached diatom biological integrity index index characterizing river network river ecosystem health situation, and determine that the index threshold characterizing Different ecosystems Health Category is interval.Then according to runoff and section field data in river course, points for investigation position, set up the quantitative relationship between monthly flow velocity and Attached diatom biological integrity index in river course, and try to achieve the flow velocity of river average corresponding with Attached diatom biological integrity index threshold interval.Finally, flood section in conjunction with river course many annuals water level month by month is determined, thus trying to achieve water demand for natural service threshold value in river course of different months.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention；
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is as it is shown in figure 1, comprise the following steps:
S1 determines points for investigation position and investigation frequency, carries out the envirment factor investigation and analysis such as Attached diatom and water quality, flow velocity, transverse section；Wherein, points for investigation position, investigation frequency.
1. investigate the position range of sampling point and should cover or substantially cover all Rivers in the network of waterways, and the hydrology websites such as former water level, the water yield should be included in the network of waterways.The type of investigation sampling point includes being disturbed in the network of waterways a little and reference point, using the sampling point little without external interference or external interference, water quality is good as reference point position, reference point position can comprehensively Human impact intensity, water quality condition, border quality of dwelling be determined, for the River Network that regular dependence hydraulic engineering water transfer supplements, reference point position can be set at water transfer water source place and Human impact intensity smaller part；Impact diatom structure of community determined with reference to state for minimizing external condition difference, survey error, increases the quantity arranging reference point as far as possible；
2. investigation sample frequency sets according to assessment target and time requirement, for the diversity of distribution in reflection water demand for natural service year, it is recommended that determine according to monthly 1 time.
S2 determines River Network Attached diatom Perfection Index and threshold interval.Determining diatom biotic index parameter candidate's scope, contrast, with reference to sampling point, is screened and determines that Attached diatom biological integrity index index forms, and divides the threshold interval of Different ecosystems Health Category corresponding to Perfection Index score value；
The determination of the screening of Attached diatom Perfection Index and threshold interval:
1. diatom biotic index parameter candidate's scope should include existing Attached diatom biotic index as far as possible, such as diatom sum, diatom density (mg/cm2), diatom business, sensitivity diatom percentage ratio (%), bent shell algae percentage ratio (%), the curved algae percentage ratio (%) of bridge, rhombus algae percentage ratio (%), boat type algae percentage ratio (%), pole fine curved shell algae percentage ratio (%), movable diatom percentage ratio, Margleaf diversity index, Shannnow-Wienner diversity indices, Pielou evenness index, PTI (PollutionToleranceIndexforDiatoms) diatom resistant index, GID (GenericIndexofDiatomAssemblage) diatom index etc..Subordinate list 1 illustrates the computational methods of diatom biotic index listed above and the response to interference.
2. candidate's diatom biotic index is carried out sensitivity analysis, correlation analysis, it is determined that Attached diatom biological integrity index index system.Sensitivity analysis can adopt box traction substation method (box-plot) determining method, by by being disturbed a little and the reference point two class each candidate's biotic index value of statistics, relatively candidate parameter is being disturbed a little and reference point overlapping cases within the scope of 25%～75% quantile: if casing is non-overlapping, assignment is 3；Box portion is overlapping, but each I d median is all outside to square box scope, and assignment is 2；One I d median is within to square box scope, and another I d median is outside to square box scope, then assignment is 1；Respective I d median is all within to square box scope, then assignment is 0.
The parameter of screening assignment >=1 carries out Pearson correlation test further, to ensure the information independence of candidate parameter: for the parameter (determining more than 0.75 with correlation coefficient r between parameter) of significant correlation, retain a parameter；For the correlation coefficient r parameter less than 0.75, retained.The parameter retained is as Attached diatom biological integrity index index system.
3. each parameter of the quartering Attached diatom Perfection Index to finally determining is adopted to carry out composing dividing and carrying out soundness verification: the index that interference strength increase parameter value reduces to external world, distribution is more than 75% quantile, and assignment is 10；Distribution is between 75% quantile to 50% quantile, and assignment is 7；Distribution is between 50% quantile to 25% quantile, and assignment is 4；Distribution is less than 25% quantile, and assignment is 1.
Interference strength increases the index that parameter value increases therewith to external world, and distribution is more than 75% quantile, and assignment is 1；Distribution is between 75% quantile to 50% quantile, and assignment is 4；Distribution is between 50% quantile to 25% quantile, and assignment is 7；Distribution is less than 25% quantile, and assignment is 10.
Soundness verification: the key input variables such as the Attached diatom Perfection Index score of each sampling optimization and the total nitrogen of synchronous monitoring, total phosphorus, pH value, dissolved oxygen, permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen, five-day BOD, volatile phenol are carried out Pearson correlation analysis, the reliability standard of checking diatom Perfection Index.
4. Attached diatom Perfection Index threshold interval is determined.25% fractile being distributed reference point position Attached diatom Perfection Index value (i.e. D-IBI score value) is as the standard value that river channel ecology Health Category is " excellent ", if the D-IBI score value of sampling point is more than standard value, representative sample point evaluation result is " excellent "；The D-IBI score of sampling point is less than standard value, by the scope trisection of standard value～0, corresponding corresponding river channel ecology health be " good ", " in " and the evaluation result of " poor ".According to above method, according to D-IBI score value assessment river channel ecology health is divided into " excellent ", " good ", " in " and four threshold intervals of " poor ".
S3 is according to measured data data, set up the quantitative relationship between the points for investigation section monthly flow velocity same period and diatom Perfection Index value, and determine the flow velocity of river average corresponding with the Attached diatom each threshold interval of biological integrity index, as the monthly flow speed control desired value in the river course realizing different ecological health objectives；
1. (entering) total flow Q is gone out according in river course of that month during investigationi(i be sampled point numbering), and of that month river course survey point position corresponding to monthly water level value, points for investigation position floods cross-sectional area Ai1, it is determined that the monthly flow velocity u in river course, points for investigation positioni；
ui=Qi/Ai1
2. each points for investigation D-IBI exponential quantity and corresponding month flow velocity u are determined in matchingiBetween quantitative relationship, four threshold intervals according to the aforementioned D-IBI index determined, determine respectively D-IBI exponent pair should be at " excellent ", " good ", " in " the flow velocity average of each points for investigation position of three threshold intervals, as ecological flow speed control desired value u in the of that month river course of investigationDesirable、uSuitableAnd uMinimum；
S4 is according to cross-sectional area corresponding to different in flow rate controlling value and the many annuals in Nei Ge river course, network of waterways water level month by month, it is determined that each moon Water Requirement in the river course of corresponding different health objectives；
According to monthly investigating ecological flow speed control desired value u in determined river course in yearDesirable、uSuitableAnd uMinimum, and the river course control section inundated area A that each river course many annuals water level month by month is correspondingi2, it is determined that each moon difference control target Water Requirement Q in each river course, river networkDesirable、QSuitableAnd QMinimum:
[QDesirable, QSuitable, QMinimum]=[uDesirable, uSuitable, uMinimum]·Ai2。
Embodiment
It is calculated as example with River Network, China south ecological water demand of rivers and the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.According to each points for investigation Attached diatom survey result in October, contrast reference point, determine bent shell algae percentage ratio, pole fine curved shell algae percentage ratio and the composing indexes that boat three parameters of type algae percentage ratio are D-IBI index, according to quartering index carried out assignment and determine threshold interval, the quantitative dependency relation surveying monthly flow velocity and D-IBI exponential quantity according to river course determines " excellent ", " good " with " in " river channel ecology flow speed control value corresponding to the D-IBI index threshold interval of three Health Categories, in conjunction with the of that month monthly water level value of the many annuals in river course in October of investigation corresponding flood cross-sectional area, determine river, river network 1 and river 2 Water Requirement (table 1) in October.
Table 1 river network ecological water demand of rivers result of calculation
The computational methods of subordinate list 1 diatom biotic index and the response to interference
The present invention is affected bigger feature based on hydraulic condition of river environmental health interaction mechanism and river, Plain River Network Areas by artificial adjustment, selects the eucoen analyzed using Attached diatom as disturbed Plain River Network Areas ecological water demand of rivers.
Plain river network water body overall flow slowly but is likely to the water stream characteristics of instantaneous variation so that river network presents prominent algae reproduction and Successional Features.Attached diatom is convenient to be gathered, external susceptibility is strong, there is obvious seasonal characteristics, can well respond the change of the flox conditions such as water volume flow rate, degree of water pollution can be differentiated sensitively, being extremely effective Bioindicator, the diatom Perfection Index (D-IBI, Diatom-basedIndexofBioticIntegrity) built based on Attached diatom biological characteristic index can net assessment urban river ecosystem health situation.
The present invention is maintenance water ecosystem health institute's water requirement and flox condition based on water demand for natural service, it is simultaneously based on river network ecosystem continuity Characteristics, by field actual monitoring and contrast, set up the Attached diatom feature indexical relation corresponding to network of waterways water demand for natural service condition, the determination for River Network water demand for natural service is conducive to provide a kind of fast evaluation method, avoid the need for the support of a large amount of hydrology-water quality data volume, for determining that the water demand for natural service that River Network hydraulic engineering runs controls target, safeguard that the network of waterways and river water ecosystem health have significant application value.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is disturbed the network of waterways, region of no relief water demand for natural service computational methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1, determine points for investigation position and investigation frequency, carry out the investigation and analysis of water body Attached diatom and envirment factor；
Described points for investigation includes being disturbed in the network of waterways a little and reference point, and described envirment factor includes the discharge of river, water level and transverse section；
S2, determine the Different ecosystems Health Category threshold interval of River Network Attached diatom Perfection Index and sign thereof；
Screening Attached diatom biological integrity index index composition, determine Perfection Index score value, and according to be disturbed a little divide with the comparison of reference point " excellent ", " good " corresponding to Perfection Index score value, " in " and the threshold interval of " poor " Different ecosystems Health Category；
S3, foundation measured data data, set up the quantitative relationship between the monthly flow velocity of points for investigation section and diatom Perfection Index value, and determine the flow velocity of river average corresponding with the Attached diatom each threshold interval of biological integrity index, as the flow speed control value of the Ecological Water Demand of Channels maintaining different ecological health objectives；
S4, according to cross-sectional area corresponding to different in flow rate controlling value and the many annuals in Nei Ge river course, network of waterways water level month by month, it is determined that the river course ecological flow controlling value month by month of corresponding different ecological health objectives.
2. one according to claim 1 is disturbed the network of waterways, region of no relief water demand for natural service computational methods, it is characterised in that step S3 comprises the following steps:
S3.1 is according to total flow Q in river course of that month during investigationi, wherein i is sampled point numbering, and cross-sectional area A is flooded in of that month river course survey point position corresponding to monthly water level value, points for investigation positioni1, it is determined that the monthly flow velocity u in river course, points for investigation positioni:
ui=Qi/Ai1
Each points for investigation Attached diatom biological integrity exponential quantity and corresponding month flow velocity u are determined in S3.2 matchingiBetween quantitative relationship, four threshold intervals according to the aforementioned Attached diatom biological integrity index determined, determine respectively Attached diatom biological integrity exponent pair should be at " excellent ", " good ", " in " the flow velocity average of each points for investigation position of three threshold intervals, as ecological flow speed control desired value u in the of that month river course of investigationDesirable、uSuitableAnd uMinimum。
3. one according to claim 2 is disturbed the network of waterways, region of no relief water demand for natural service computational methods, it is characterised in that step S4 is:
According to monthly investigating ecological flow speed control desired value u in determined river course in the whole yearDesirable、uSuitableAnd uMinimum, and the river course control section inundated area A that each river course many annuals water level month by month is correspondingi2, it is determined that the Water Requirement Q of different ecological health objectives in each river course, river networkDesirable、QSuitableAnd QMinimum:
[QDesirable, QSuitable, QMinimum]=[uDesirable, uSuitable, uMinimum]·Ai2。
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| CN106445887A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-02-22 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Design method for cross section stratified sampling of benthonic animals of salt marsh wetland of river estuary |
| CN112989628A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-06-18 | 北京师范大学 | Integral accounting method for ecological water requirement of rivers and lakes with function of developing towards transition region |
| CN113504386A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-10-15 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | River ecological flow rate determination method, device and storage medium |
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| NAICHENG WU，ET AL.: "《Development and evaluation of a diatom-based index of biotic integrity（D-IBI）for rivers impacted by run-of-river dams》", 《ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS》 * |
| TING XIA，ET AL.: "《Assessment of urban stream morphology：an integrated index and modelling system》", 《ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT》 * |
| 何婷: "《 淮河流域中下游典型河段生态水文机理与生态需水计算》", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 吴述园: "《基于着生藻类生物完整性指数的古夫河河流生态系统健康评价》", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 基础科学辑》 * |
| 李国忱，等: "《基于硅藻完整性指数的辽河上游水质生物学评价》", 《环境科学研究》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106445887A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-02-22 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Design method for cross section stratified sampling of benthonic animals of salt marsh wetland of river estuary |
| CN106445887B (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2018-08-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | The design method of mouth of the river salt marshes zoobenthos cross section stratified sampling |
| CN113504386A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-10-15 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | River ecological flow rate determination method, device and storage medium |
| CN112989628A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-06-18 | 北京师范大学 | Integral accounting method for ecological water requirement of rivers and lakes with function of developing towards transition region |
| CN112989628B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2023-04-07 | 北京师范大学 | Integral accounting method for ecological water requirement of rivers and lakes with function of developing towards transition region |
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| CN105760665B (en) | 2018-03-02 |
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