CN105759893A - Photovoltaic optimization module based on DPP structure and control method thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic optimization module based on DPP structure and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105759893A CN105759893A CN201610107682.5A CN201610107682A CN105759893A CN 105759893 A CN105759893 A CN 105759893A CN 201610107682 A CN201610107682 A CN 201610107682A CN 105759893 A CN105759893 A CN 105759893A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic optimization module based on a differential power processing (DPP) structure, and provides a multistage time-share self-adaptive maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control method.By means of the photovoltaic optimization module and a control strategy, it can be ensured that MPPT of all photovoltaic submodules is achieved just through one MPPT unit on the mismatch condition, tracking speed and energy transmission efficiency are effectively improved, system integration is improved, and cost is reduced.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to solar energy power generating field, (DifferentialPowerProcessing is compensated based on power difference particularly to one, DPP) photovoltaic of structure optimizes module, propose a kind of multistage timesharing adaptive maximal power tracing (MaximumPowerPointTracking, MPPT) control strategy simultaneously.
[background technology]
Solar energy is the clean reproducible energy having application prospect at present most.But the non-ideal conditions such as the shadow occlusion existed in reality, stain, thermal gradient, inclination can cause the severe mismatch phenomenon in photovoltaic panel, in turn results in photovoltaic panel output and greatly reduces.In order to tackle mismatch problems, conventional photovoltaic system introduces distributed maximal power tracing (DistributedMaximumPowerPointTracking, DMPPT) concept, it is connected with a photovoltaic submodule one module of composition by a DC-DC converter, then carries out a photovoltaic board system in series with this module for elementary cell.DMPPT can allow all photovoltaic submodules to be operated in respective maximum power point (MaximumPowerPoint, MPP) under mismatch conditions.But, each DC-DC converter must process whole outputs of the photovoltaic submodule being connected with it.Even if the efficiency of changer is significantly high, the power transmission losses of whole photovoltaic board system is also very big.
In order to solve this problem, pertinent literature proposes the photovoltaic system based on DPP structure, as shown in Figure 1.Difference changer is in parallel with photovoltaic submodule, and only need to process the mismatch power between adjacent tandem photovoltaic submodule.This Partial Power only accounts for the sub-fraction of photovoltaic submodule output general power, and therefore, compared to DMPPT structure, the efficiency of whole photovoltaic board system is higher, and the power grade of difference changer requires relatively low, small volume.But all need one group of MPPT control unit and proportional integral double-closed-loop control device due to each difference changer and central converter, the cost of whole photovoltaic board system is still higher.
[summary of the invention]
The invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic based on DPP structure and optimize module, propose a kind of multistage timesharing adaptive M PPT control strategy simultaneously, can ensure that the MPP accurately following the trail of each photovoltaic submodule, and improve speed and the energy transmission efficiency of MPPT, further increase level of integrated system simultaneously, reduce system cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
nullA kind of photovoltaic based on DPP structure optimizes module，Including three photovoltaic submodules、Two difference changers、One central converter and a MPPT control unit，Wherein，Three photovoltaic submodules are connected in series，Two difference changers are connected in parallel with photovoltaic submodule，Central converter is connected to described photovoltaic and optimizes the outfan of module，Described MPPT control unit optimizes the inductive current of the total output voltage of module and central converter according to the output voltage of the first and second photovoltaic submodules gathered and electric current and photovoltaic，Operation disturbance observation method under the control of signal is enabled in timesharing self adaptation，Export two voltage reference signals and a current reference signal，Said two voltage reference signal is controlled respectively through the proportional integral double-closed-loop control device of the first and second photovoltaic submodules，Described current reference signal is controlled through the pi controller of central converter.
Described difference changer adopts Buck-Boost circuit, and central converter adopts Boost circuit.
Central converter adopts Boost circuit, and including the first inductance L, the first switch S and diode, wherein, the first inductance and Diode series connect, described first switch and the first inductance and diodes in parallel.
Each difference changer adopts Buck-Boost circuit, and including two switches and an inductance, wherein, two switches are connected in series, inductance and two switch in parallel.
Each changer is equipped with independent pi controller, in order to realize the tracing control of voltage or electric current.
A kind of photovoltaic based on DPP structure optimizes the control method of module, first the enable signal initial value arranging MPPT control unit is 1, first photovoltaic submodule is carried out voltage disturbance, when the output of the first photovoltaic submodule reaches peak power, the enable signal arranging MPPT control unit is 0, start the second photovoltaic submodule is carried out voltage disturbance, it is maintained with the voltage of the first photovoltaic submodule at its maximum power point voltage, when the output of the second photovoltaic submodule reaches peak power, the enable signal arranging MPPT control unit is-1, start central converter is carried out current disturbing, adjust its inductive current, thus the voltage of disturbance the 3rd photovoltaic submodule, make it export and reach peak power.
It is provided with public variable in described MPPT control unit, when the first photovoltaic submodule is carried out voltage disturbance, give this public variable by the output voltage of the first photovoltaic submodule and electric current, enable operation disturbance observation algorithm under the control of signal in self adaptation, export a voltage reference signal Vref1, now, in order to avoid the power loss that the second photovoltaic submodule when the first photovoltaic submodule carries out MPPT causes because of wait, allow the second photovoltaic submodule follow the voltage reference signal of the first photovoltaic submodule.
When the first photovoltaic submodule is carried out MPPT, voltage follow the first photovoltaic submodule of the second photovoltaic submodule voltage reference signal after disturbance, now, the voltage of the 3rd photovoltaic submodule is also disturbed.
Described MPPT control unit carries out disturbance observation method according to the inductive current of output voltage and central converter that photovoltaic optimizes module, to adjust the inductive current of central converter, thus the voltage of disturbance the 3rd photovoltaic submodule.
A kind of photovoltaic based on DPP structure optimizes the control method of module, and MPPT control unit is sampled the output voltage V of the first and second photovoltaic submodulespv1, Vpv2With output electric current Ipv1, Ipv2, photovoltaic optimizes total output voltage V of moduleoInductive current I with central converterLAs input, enable operation disturbance observation method under the control of signal clock in timesharing self adaptation, and export two voltage reference signals and a current reference signal, two voltage reference signal Vref1, Vref2Respectively through the proportional integral double-closed-loop control device of the first and second photovoltaic submodules, generate two pulse-width signals with corresponding dutycycle and control switch S2And S4, the non-signal of the two pulse-width signal controls S respectively simultaneously1And S3, current reference signal IL_refPi controller through central converter, the pulse-width signal generating corresponding dutycycle controls its switch S, like this, MPPT control unit constantly adjusts the running voltage of each photovoltaic submodule, making each photovoltaic submodule all can be operated in its MPP place, the whole photovoltaic of final guarantee optimizes module and exports its desirable peak power under mismatch conditions.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that the invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic based on DPP structure optimizes module and a kind of multistage timesharing adaptive M PPT control strategy.This photovoltaic optimizes module and control strategy can ensure that under mismatch conditions, the maximal power tracing of each photovoltaic submodule is only realized with a MPPT unit, it is effectively improved tracking speed and energy transmission efficiency, improves level of integrated system simultaneously, reduce cost.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the existing photovoltaic system structural representation based on DPP.
Fig. 2 is the present invention photovoltaic optimization modular structure schematic diagram based on DPP.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the multistage timesharing adaptive M PPT control strategy of the present invention.
[detailed description of the invention]
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
(1) modular structure is optimized based on the photovoltaic of DPP
General Commercial photovoltaic plate comprises the photovoltaic submodule of 3 series connection, so the photovoltaic based on DPP that the present invention proposes optimizes module comprises the photovoltaic submodule of 3 series connection, 2 difference changers, a central converter and a MPPT control unit, as shown in Figure 2.Difference changer adopts Buck-Boost circuit, and central converter adopts Boost circuit.Each changer must be equipped with an independent pi controller to realize the tracing control of voltage.
2 Buck-Boost type difference changers are in parallel with photovoltaic submodule, and photovoltaic optimizes output one Boost type central converter of termination of module.The output voltage V of MPPT controller sampling photovoltaic submodule 1,2pv1, Vpv2With output electric current Ipv1, Ipv2, total output voltage V of photovoltaic paneloInductive current I with central converterLAs input, enable operation disturbance observation method under the control of signal clock in timesharing self adaptation, and export two voltage reference signals and a current reference signal.Two voltage reference signal Vref1, Vref2Respectively through the proportional integral double-closed-loop control device of photovoltaic submodule 1 and 2, generate two pulse-width signals with corresponding dutycycle and control switch S2And S4, the non-signal of the two pulse-width signal controls S respectively simultaneously1And S3.Current reference signal IL_refThrough the pi controller of central converter, the pulse-width signal generating corresponding dutycycle controls its switch S.Like this, MPPT control chip constantly adjusts the running voltage of each photovoltaic submodule, makes each photovoltaic submodule all can be operated in its MPP place, and the whole photovoltaic panel of final guarantee can export its desirable peak power under mismatch conditions.
(2) multistage timesharing adaptive M PPT control strategy
Generally there are fast slow two control loops in based on the photovoltaic system of DPP.In slower control loop, central converter is equivalent to a controllable current source, and application disturbance observation method constantly updates the inductive current I of central converterLTo find the current value that can make photovoltaic panel Maximum Power Output.And in control loop faster, difference changer is with higher frequency iteration so that this ILUnder photovoltaic optimize module output PoReach maximum.Owing to difference changer is operated in significantly high frequency, its time constant to be far smaller than the time constant of central converter.Therefore, at any time, the inductive current I of central converterLConstant can be considered.So, it is the I of constant that maximal power tracing is just equivalent at given temporary visualLLower searching photovoltaic optimizes the maximum of the total output voltage of module.In order to realize such control loop, the photovoltaic optimization module based on DPP needs 3 MPPT controller altogether, wherein 2 MPPT being used for realizing 2 difference changers, 1 MPPT for central converter.
Owing to the pace of change of illumination is well below the calculating speed of control chip, the output of most of the time MPPT control unit is constant reference voltage signal.Therefore, there is no need to be equipped with a MPPT control unit to each photovoltaic submodule always.In order to make full use of MPPT control unit and improve level of integrated system, the present invention proposes a kind of multistage timesharing adaptive M PPT control strategy so that can realize the independent MPPT to each photovoltaic submodule successively only with a MPPT control unit.The schematic diagram of proposed multistage timesharing adaptive M PPT control strategy is as shown in Figure 3.
Enable signal initial value and be set to 1, photovoltaic submodule 1 is carried out MPPT, specifically, it is provided with public variable in MPPT control unit, when the first photovoltaic submodule 1 is carried out MPPT, the output voltage of the first photovoltaic submodule 1 and electric current are given to this public variable, carry out disturbance observation.When carrying out MPPT in order to avoid the first photovoltaic submodule 1, the power loss that the second photovoltaic submodule 2 causes because of wait, make Vref2=Vref1, namely allow the second photovoltaic submodule 2 follow the voltage reference signal of the second photovoltaic submodule 1.Meanwhile, under the combined effect of three changers, the voltage V of the 3rd photovoltaic submodule 3pv3Also disturbed.t1In the moment (namely the output of the first photovoltaic submodule reaches peak power), the first photovoltaic submodule 1 tracks its MPP, second and the 3rd photovoltaic submodule 2,3 arrive separately at the operating point closing on respective MPP.Meanwhile, enable signal and immediately become 0, start the second photovoltaic submodule 2 is MPPT.During the second photovoltaic submodule 2 is MPPT, Vpv1It is maintained at Vmpp1, and Vpv3Continue disturbed.When the second photovoltaic submodule 2 also reaches its MPP, enabling signal and become-1 at once, central converter is MPPT and is adjusted its inductive current IL, thus disturbance Vpv3So that it is constantly approach its MPP.After three photovoltaic submodules all reach respective MPP, when not having illumination variation, enabling signal and become cyclical signal, the cycle is the 3T cycle of operation of MPPT control unit (T be), its value 1,0, change with interval T between-1.
Claims (10)
- null1. the photovoltaic based on DPP structure optimizes module，It is characterized in that: three photovoltaic submodules、Two difference changers、One central converter and a MPPT control unit，Wherein，Three photovoltaic submodules are connected in series，Two difference changers are connected in parallel with photovoltaic submodule，Central converter is connected to described photovoltaic and optimizes the outfan of module，Described MPPT control unit optimizes the inductive current of the total output voltage of module and central converter according to the output voltage of the first and second photovoltaic submodules gathered and electric current and photovoltaic，Operation disturbance observation method under the control of signal is enabled in timesharing self adaptation，Export two voltage reference signals and a current reference signal，Said two voltage reference signal is controlled respectively through the proportional integral double-closed-loop control device of the first and second photovoltaic submodules，Described current reference signal is controlled through the pi controller of central converter.
- 2. the photovoltaic based on DPP structure according to claim 1 optimizes module, it is characterised in that: described difference changer adopts Buck-Boost circuit, and central converter adopts Boost circuit.
- 3. the photovoltaic based on DPP structure according to claim 1 optimizes module, it is characterized in that: central converter adopts Boost circuit, including the first inductance L, the first switch S and diode, wherein, first inductance and Diode series connect, described first switch and the first inductance and diodes in parallel.
- 4. the photovoltaic based on DPP structure according to claim 1 optimizes module, it is characterised in that: each difference changer adopts Buck-Boost circuit, and including two switches and an inductance, wherein, two switches are connected in series, inductance and two switch in parallel.
- 5. the photovoltaic based on DPP structure as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4 optimizes module, it is characterised in that: each changer is equipped with independent pi controller, in order to realize the tracing control of voltage or electric current.
- 6. the control method optimizing module based on the photovoltaic based on DPP structure described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the enable signal initial value first arranging MPPT control unit is 1, first photovoltaic submodule is carried out voltage disturbance, when the output of the first photovoltaic submodule reaches peak power, the enable signal arranging MPPT control unit is 0, start the second photovoltaic submodule is carried out voltage disturbance, it is maintained with the voltage of the first photovoltaic submodule at maximum power point voltage, when the output of the second photovoltaic submodule reaches peak power, the enable signal arranging MPPT control unit is-1, start the inductive current to central converter and carry out disturbance, thus the voltage of disturbance the 3rd photovoltaic submodule, make it export and reach peak power.
- 7. the photovoltaic based on DPP structure according to claim 6 optimizes the control method of module, it is characterized in that: in described MPPT control unit, be provided with public variable, when the first photovoltaic submodule is carried out voltage disturbance, this public variable is given by the output voltage of the first photovoltaic submodule and electric current, operation disturbance observation algorithm under the control of signal, output voltage reference signal V is enabled in self adaptationref1, now, in order to avoid the power loss that the second photovoltaic submodule when the first photovoltaic submodule carries out MPPT causes because of wait, allow the second photovoltaic submodule follow the voltage reference signal of the first photovoltaic submodule, even Vref2=Vref1。
- 8. the photovoltaic based on DPP structure according to claim 6 optimizes the control method of module, it is characterized in that: when the first photovoltaic submodule is carried out MPPT, voltage follow the first photovoltaic submodule of the second photovoltaic submodule voltage reference signal after disturbance, now, the voltage of the 3rd photovoltaic submodule is also disturbed.
- 9. the photovoltaic based on DPP structure according to claim 6 optimizes the control method of module, it is characterized in that: described MPPT control unit carries out disturbance observation method according to the inductive current of total output voltage and central converter that photovoltaic optimizes module, to adjust the inductive current of central converter, thus the voltage of disturbance the 3rd photovoltaic submodule.
- 10. the control method optimizing module based on the photovoltaic based on DPP structure described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: MPPT control unit is sampled the output voltage V of the first and second photovoltaic submodulespv1, Vpv2With output electric current Ipv1, Ipv2, photovoltaic optimizes total output voltage V of moduleoInductive current I with central converterLAs input, enable operation disturbance observation method under the control of signal clock in timesharing self adaptation, and export two voltage reference signals and a current reference signal, two voltage reference signal Vref1, Vref2Respectively through the proportional integral double-closed-loop control device of the first and second photovoltaic submodules, generate two pulse-width signals with corresponding dutycycle and control switch S2And S4, the non-signal of the two pulse-width signal controls S respectively simultaneously1And S3, current reference signal IL_refPi controller through central converter, the pulse-width signal generating corresponding dutycycle controls its switch S, like this, MPPT control unit constantly adjusts the running voltage of each photovoltaic submodule, making each photovoltaic submodule all can be operated in its MPP place, the whole photovoltaic of final guarantee optimizes module and exports its desirable peak power under mismatch conditions.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN107508543A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-12-22 | 北方工业大学 | The normal structure and its power optimization method of characteristic mismatch photovoltaic group string |
| CN108988386A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-11 | 西交利物浦大学 | Photovoltaic submodule power difference transform method based on minimum power tracing algorithm |
| CN110676836A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-01-10 | 北方工业大学 | Parallel dynamic compensation method and system of BUCK converter based on disturbance observer |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110676836A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-01-10 | 北方工业大学 | Parallel dynamic compensation method and system of BUCK converter based on disturbance observer |
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Application publication date: 20160713 |