CN105753203A - Oil sand washing water treatment method - Google Patents
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- CN105753203A CN105753203A CN201410805966.2A CN201410805966A CN105753203A CN 105753203 A CN105753203 A CN 105753203A CN 201410805966 A CN201410805966 A CN 201410805966A CN 105753203 A CN105753203 A CN 105753203A
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Abstract
An oil sand washing water treatment method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing wastewater separated after washing of oil sand with acid or alkali through a first-stage venturi mixer, and adjusting the pH value of the wastewater to be between 7.6-8.6; (2) mixing the treated wastewater with a demulsifier through a second-stage venturi mixer again; (3) draining the wastewater treated in the step (2) into an oil separating settling basin, and removing suspension oil and sand; (4) carrying out hydrocyclone separation on the wastewater after oil separating settling and removing particulate matters with grain sizes above 50 mum in water; (5) feeding the waste water into a coagulation air floatation device after hydrocyclone separation, and further removing suspended matters in the wastewater and petroleum substances in a suspended and dissolved state; and (6) filtering the wastewater treated in the step (5) to obtain the oil sand washing water.The technical method is short in flow path, energy consumption is low in a treatment process, and sand, clay and oil sand asphalt in the oil sand washing wastewater are removed thoroughly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method that oil-sand washings process, oil-sand washings after treatment, the many kinds of substance such as sand grains in removal, clay, oil sands bitumen and chemical agent, recycle as oil-sand washings.
Background technology
Oil-sand as a kind of unconventional petroleum resources, wherein oil sands bitumen content 5～20%, sand and clay content 80～85%, moisture 3～5%.Its stock number accounts for the 30% of world oil reserves, if being all produced utilization, according to the desired level of present world energy sources, is available on consumed worldwide century-old, and the exploitation of oil-sand become new growth engines.According to oil-sand Main Resources state statistics, the oil-sand resource amount that the current world is verified is about 3.8 trillion barrels.It is mainly distributed on Canada, Venezuela and the U.S., major part oil-sand resource set is economized at Transport Model for Alberta the chilling index of northern Athabasca basin and Pinghu and Alberta province and Saskatchewan intersection in the world.The development of oil-sand make Canadian petroleum reserves be only second to Saudi Arabia occupy the whole world second, allow international community be further appreciated that the value of oil-sand.Substantial amounts of oil-sand resource is have also discovered in China, reserves about 100,000,000,000 tons, according to the 5th, the world, it is concentrated mainly on 24 basins such as Zhunger Basin, Qaidam, Erdos and pine the Liao Dynasty.In the investigation of China National Oil Gas Resources, oil-sand resource receiving people's appraisement system first, through evaluating, the oil content of China's oil-sand, 5%～20%, has good economic development value and prospect.
At present, the exploitation of oil-sand in the world, separation are also in the starting stage, oil-sand has the viscous crude that viscosity is big, density is high, separate and contains a large amount of small grains of sand and mineral, remains at many technical barriers in the separation of oil sands bitumen, processing and tailings glass, and oil-sand exploitation application is constantly subjected to restriction.Oil-sand recovery process produces huge poisonous tailing pit, environment is caused very big harm.Seven maximum oil-sand company (CanadianNatualResources, ImperialOil, ShellCanada, SuncorEnergy, SyncrudeCanadaLtd., TeckResourcesandTotalE&PCanada) alliance is set up in December, 2010, to solve one of the most thorny challenge of industry: clear up their huge poisonous tailing pit.This means that oil-sand company will make joint efforts, unified strength, promote mine tailing management and switching technology tricks of the trade, but rather than attempt to sell that perhaps other people use its intellectual property.
The strip mining transformation of current oil-sand mainly makes to wash isolation technics with water, utilizes the heating of thermokalite water, stirring, makes oil separate with sand, and in separation process, the refuse of generation is mainly the mixture of water and oil sands bitumen, float, clay, sand, chemical agent.Owing to Colophonium mixes visibly homogeneous with water, clay, settlement separate highly difficult.Current Transport Model for Alberta is fuel-efficient, and placer district has in the tailing pit that the mine tailing of more than 800,000,000 cubic metre is stored in 142 square kilometres, and mine tailing stock is continuously increased.Study based on centrifuge modelling, ageing fine earth mine tailing in tailing pit requires more than 130 years and could free settling separate, it not only stores substantial amounts of water and also occupies vast soil, and the process of tailing pit waste water produced after oil-sand washing and Utilizing question are one of oil-sand huge challenges of processing that enterprise faces.
CN101855177A proposes one and adopts membrane separating method, processes oil-sand washing tailing pit water, and containing substantial amounts of clay, oil sands bitumen and chemical agent in this waste water, processing procedure film is prone to blocking, and energy expenditure is big.
CN103359861A proposes the processing method of a kind of oil-sand washes, comprise the steps: that oil-sand is exploited sewage carries out homogenizing process in homogenizing groove, then the sewage after being processed by homogenizing enters air-float degreasing device and carries out oil removal by air bubbling process, removes the oil emulsion that partial suspended is oily and a small amount of；Sewage after air supporting is entered flocculation-air floating device, separates flocculate；It is centrifuged flocculation-air floating sewage separating, obtains sands formation re-injection water.This process in oil removal by air bubbling and flocculation-air floating process, the substantial amounts of clay of oil-containing and the grains of sand in sewage, it is easy to blocking pipeline and equipment, affect the long-term operation of device.
CN103351072A provides a kind of oil-sand exploitation method of wastewater treatment, oil-sand is washed isolated sewage and carries out homogenizing, then oil removal by air bubbling is carried out, remove major part suspended oil and a small amount of oil emulsion, then flocculation treatment is carried out, waste water after flocculation carries out clarifying, filters, softens, centrifugation, obtains boiler reinjected water.This process approach long flow path, energy consumption is big, and separates not carrying out the removal of the degree of depth containing substantial amounts of sand in washings in pretreatment process, the subsequent treatment of waste water will be brought very big difficulty.
CN102676199A the invention discloses the process system of a kind of oil sand tailing or oil sand slurries, it is possible to reclaims residual bitumen from oil sand tailing or oil sand slurries, and can be solidified by oil sand tailing, so as to easily disposes by mode economical and environmentally friendly.
In sum, for the treatment technology of current oil-sand washings, although certain process, reuse effect can be reached, also still suffer from weak point simultaneously, affect the reuse of oil-sand washings, form substantial amounts of tailing pit, cause the waste of water resource and serious environmental pollution, it would be highly desirable to process.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of oil-sand method for processing wash water, to overcome the defect of waste and the serious environmental pollution easily causing water resource in prior art.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of oil-sand method for processing wash water, comprises the following steps:
The waste water that step one is separated after being washed by oil-sand mixes with acid or alkali through first order venturi mixer, and the pH value regulating waste water is between 7.6～8.6；
Step 2 waste water after step one processes, again passes by second level venturi mixer and mixes with demulsifier, and the dosage controlling to add demulsifier is 30～300mg/L；
Waste water after step 2 processes is entered oil removal Sedimentation tank by step 3, and the time of staying keeping waste water is 0.5～3.0h, removes suspended oil and sandy soil；
Waste water after oil removal sedimentation is carried out cyclonic separation by step 4, and removing particle diameter in water is the particulate matter of more than 50 μm；
Waste water after cyclonic separation is entered coagulation air-float device by step 5, removes the float in waste water further and is in the petroleum substance suspended with dissolved state；
Waste water after step 5 processes is filtered by step 6, obtains oil-sand washings.
Wherein, the acid described in described step one is selected from hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid or nitric acid.
Wherein, the acid described in described step one is concentrated sulphuric acid.
Wherein, the acid described in described step one is weak acid.
Wherein, the alkali described in described step one is selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Wherein, the alkali described in described step one is weak base.
Wherein, the alkali described in described step one is selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Wherein, the pH value described in described step one is 7.6～8.2.
Wherein, demulsifier dosage described in described step 2 is 50～150mg/L.
Wherein, in described step 3, the time of staying of waste water is 1～2.5h.
Wherein, described step 5 adds flocculant in described coagulation air-float device.
Wherein, described flocculant is inorganic polymer flocculant or organic polymer coargulator.
Wherein, described inorganic polymer flocculant is aluminium polychlorid or aluminium silicate polymer.
Wherein, described organic polymer coargulator is PAMC.
Wherein, described PAMC molecular weight is 700～10,000,000.
Wherein, described inorganic polymer flocculant dosage is 40～100mg/L.
Wherein, described organic polymer coargulator dosage is 2～50mg/L.
Wherein, filtering filter element material used in described step 6 is quartz sand, activated carbon or chemical fibre.
Wherein, in described step 2, demulsifier is ethers demulsifier, aldehydes demulsifier or lipid demulsifier.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention adopts the combination treatment method of " oil removal sedimentation-cyclonic separation-coagulation air-float-filtration ".Having an advantage in that: 1. to a large amount of sands contained in oil-sand washes, sedimentation time difference different according to its particle diameter, carrying out multilayer classifying process, class settling, sand sedimentation is more thorough；2. different according to waste water medium pitch foundation stone oily substance existence in waste water, oil droplet size difference, carry out fractionated, it is more thorough that petroleum substance separates removal；3. the many kinds of substances such as the grains of sand in waste water, clay, petroleum-type being realized advanced treating, the waste water after process can recycle as oil-sand washings；4. adopting the series connection of two-stage venturi mixer to use, Flow of Goods and Materials speed is fast, it is to avoid the sand grains that particle diameter is bigger is deposited on inside equipment or pipeline, blocks；5. a whole set of oil-sand washing water handling reclamation set, method flow is short, and energy consumption is low, high treating effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram of embodiment 1.
In Fig. 1,1-venturi mixer；2-venturi mixer；3-oil removal Sedimentation tank；4-cyclone；5-coagulation air-float device；6-filter.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention first by oil-sand washes through venturi mixer, neutralize and also mix with demulsifier, then drain into oil removal Sedimentation tank, oil interceptor water outlet carries out the process of cyclonic separation, air supporting and filtration, will oil-sand wash after the wastewater treatment Posterior circle use that produces.Specifically include following steps:
The waste water that step one is separated after being washed by oil-sand mixes with strong acid (or alkali) through first order venturi mixer, and the pH value regulating waste water is between 7.6～8.6；
Step 2 waste water after step one processes, again passes by second level venturi mixer, mixes with demulsifier, and the dosage controlling to add demulsifier is 30～300mg/L；
Waste water after step 2 processes is entered oil removal Sedimentation tank by step 3, and the time of staying keeping waste water is 0.5～3.0h, removes the most of suspended oil in water and substantial amounts of sand in waste water；
Waste water after oil removal sedimentation is carried out cyclonic separation by step 4, and removing particle diameter in water is the particulate matter of more than 50 μm；
Waste water after cyclonic separation is entered coagulation air-float device by step 5, and the degree of depth is removed the float in waste water, is in the petroleum substance of suspension and dissolved state；
Waste water after step 5 process is filtered by step 6, the water turbidity≤5NTU after filtration, petroleum content≤25mg/L, and suspension content≤25mg/L obtains oil-sand washings.
Currently preferred process conditions are as follows:
The acid added in venturi mixing is selected from hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid etc., it is preferable that concentrated sulphuric acid, it is also possible to select other weak acid.Described alkali is selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, it is also possible to select other weak base.
PH value preferably 7.6～8.2；Demulsifier dosage preferably 50～150mg/L, retention time of sewage preferably 1～2.5h in Sedimentation tank.
Needing flocculant in coagulation air-float processing procedure, flocculation medicament is inorganic polymer flocculant and organic polymer coargulator；Inorganic polymer flocculant preferred polymeric aluminum chloride, aluminium silicate polymer, dosage is 40～100mg/L preferably；Organic polymer coargulator preferred cationic polyacrylamide, molecular weight preferably 700～10,000,000, dosage is 2～50mg/L preferably.
Filter element material can select quartz sand, activated carbon and chemical fibre etc., it is preferable that chemical fibre and quartz sand material.
Demulsifier can select to use ethers demulsifier, aldehydes demulsifier or lipid demulsifier.
In the present invention, oil-sand washes adds concentrated sulphuric acid in First venturi mixing period, after regulating the acid-base value of waste water, enter second venturi mixer, waste water enters oil removal Sedimentation tank after mixing with demulsifier, in oil removal Sedimentation tank, the oil droplet being in emulsified state carrying out coalescence, floats and remove, in waste water, the sedimentation of substantial amounts of sand is removed；Sedimentation tank water outlet enters cyclone separator, and the different centrifugal force produced by density contrast remove the sand of particle diameter more than about 50 μm in waste water further；Waste water after cyclone processes enters coagulation air-float device, by adding high valency electrolytes, destroy the steady statue of water-borne glue body, float is made to take off surely, condense and remove, in air supporting process, substantial amounts of microbubble is attached on oil droplets, contributes to making to be in the floating of the fine oil droplets of suspended state and removing；Generating substantial amounts of alumen ustum in coagulation process, utilize absorption and " net is caught " effect of alumen ustum, the degree of depth removes the petroleum substance being in emulsified state in waste water.Waste water after coagulation air-float processes enters filter, and after filtration treatment, water turbidity≤5NTU, petroleum content≤25mg/L, suspension content≤25mg/L, waste water as oil-sand washings, can recycle.
The present invention is mainly characterized by, and the sand content isolating waste water for oil-sand washing is high, does not only have the grains of sand and also has substantial amounts of clay, it is easy to blocking pipeline and equipment, it is difficult to settlement separate in waste water；Petroleum substance in waste water based on asphalt-base crude oil, density and water closer to, and asphalt-base crude oil mixes fully with the grains of sand, clay, it is difficult to separation.Selecting the series connection of two-stage venturi mixer to use, it is that in venturi mixer, Flow of Goods and Materials speed is high that reason has, it is prevented that contained a large amount of sands sedimentation of waste water, occluding device and pipeline.
The present invention uses oil removal Sedimentation tank, and waste water can settle out the sand that particle diameter is bigger in this equipment, and in waste water, the part petroleum-type in suspended state carries out separation of floating simultaneously.
The present invention uses a large amount of sands contained in cyclone separation waste water, relies on the centrifugal force produced in fluid high-speed flowing and rotary course, carries out the separation of sand in waste water, and separation efficiency is high, separating rate is fast.
The present invention uses coagulation air-float, process the float in waste water and oils, main cause is by adding high valency electrolytes, destroy the steady statue of water-borne glue body, float is made to take off surely, condense and remove, in air supporting process, substantial amounts of microbubble is attached on oil droplets, contributes to being in the floating of the fine oil droplets of suspended state and removing；Generating substantial amounts of alumen ustum in coagulation process, utilize absorption and " net is caught " effect of alumen ustum, the degree of depth removes the petroleum substance being in emulsified state in waste water.
The present invention uses filter as afterbody treatment process before oil-sand washing waste water reutilizing, and main cause is to increase one-level guarantee and safety for recycle-water, it is possible to float in filtered wastewater and petroleum substance.
Embodiment 1:
Oil-sand washes pH value is 10.2, sand content 5600mg/L, oil content 1200mg/L, after adding concentrated sulphuric acid mixing by venturi mixer, pH value of waste water of adjusting is 7.6, then polyethers breakdown of emulsion 100mg/L is added, being mixed by venturi mixer, waste water enters oil removal Sedimentation tank, sedimentation time 1.6h, sand content 1100mg/L in Sedimentation tank water outlet, oil content 100mg/L.Waste water after being processed by Sedimentation tank sends into cyclone, after cyclonic separation, sand content is 160mg/L, then carries out coagulation air-float and defecator, and aluminium silicate polymer dosage is 50mg/L, PAMC addition is 2mg/L, loads cocoanut active charcoal in filter.Filter delivery turbidity 4.6NTU, petroleum content is 6.0mg/L, and suspension content is 23mg/L, and waste water as oil-sand washings, can recycle.
Comparative example 1:
By oil-sand washes, pH value is 10.2, sand content 5600mg/L, oil content 1200mg/L, homogenizing groove carries out homogenizing process, pH value of waste water of adjusting is 7.6, and the sewage after then being processed by homogenizing enters air-floating apparatus, and aluminium silicate polymer dosage is 50mg/L, PAMC addition is 2mg/L, after carrying out oil removal by air bubbling process, being centrifuged separating to the scum silica frost produced in air supporting process, scum silica frost is sent to garbage disposal plant and focuses on.Air-floating apparatus water outlet is analyzed, and result shows: delivery turbidity 36.7NTU, and petroleum content is 52mg/L, and suspension content is 87mg/L, and the turbidity of waste water, petroleum-type and suspension content are difficult to reach reuse requirement, in addition it is also necessary to process further；More seriously, neutralizing in the inlet/outlet pipeline of regulating reservoir and flotation tank and equipment has substantial amounts of sand to deposit, it is necessary to the operation of constantly cleaning ability holding means.
Embodiment 2:
Oil-sand washes pH value is 9.8, sand content 3300mg/L, oil content 1400mg/L, after adding concentrated sulphuric acid mixing by venturi mixer, pH value of waste water of adjusting is 7.9, then polyethers breakdown of emulsion 100mg/L is added, being mixed by venturi mixer, waste water enters oil removal Sedimentation tank, sedimentation time 3h, sand content 1000mg/L in Sedimentation tank water outlet, oil content 110mg/L.Waste water after being processed by Sedimentation tank sends into cyclone, after cyclonic separation, sand content is 120mg/L, then carries out coagulation air-float and defecator, and aluminium silicate polymer dosage is 80mg/L, PAMC addition is 30mg/L, loads quartz sand in filter.Filter delivery turbidity 5.0NTU, petroleum content is 24mg/L, and suspension content is 25mg/L, and waste water as oil-sand washings, can recycle.
Embodiment 3:
Oil-sand washes pH value is 9.0, sand content 6000mg/L, oil content 1500mg/L, after adding concentrated sulphuric acid mixing by venturi mixer, pH value of waste water of adjusting is 8.2, then polyethers breakdown of emulsion 220mg/L is added, being mixed by venturi mixer, waste water enters oil removal Sedimentation tank, sedimentation time 3h, sand content 1800mg/L in Sedimentation tank water outlet, oil content 150mg/L.Waste water after being processed by Sedimentation tank sends into cyclone, after cyclonic separation, sand content is 170mg/L, then carries out coagulation air-float and defecator, and aluminium silicate polymer dosage is 100mg/L, PAMC addition is 50mg/L, loads chemical fibre matter filler in filter.Filter delivery turbidity 3.0NTU, petroleum content is 16mg/L, and suspension content is 20mg/L, and waste water as oil-sand washings, can recycle.
Embodiment 4:
Oil-sand washes pH value is 12.0, sand content 1200mg/L, oil content 900mg/L, after adding concentrated sulphuric acid mixing by venturi mixer, pH value of waste water of adjusting is 8.6, then polyethers breakdown of emulsion 30mg/L is added, being mixed by venturi mixer, waste water enters oil removal Sedimentation tank, sedimentation time 1.0h, sand content 400mg/L in Sedimentation tank water outlet, oil content 90mg/L.Waste water after being processed by Sedimentation tank sends into cyclone, after cyclonic separation, sand content is 80mg/L, then carries out coagulation air-float and defecator, and aluminium silicate polymer dosage is 60mg/L, PAMC addition is 50mg/L, loads quartz sand in filter.Filter delivery turbidity 4.6NTU, petroleum content is 20mg/L, and suspension content is 18mg/L, and waste water as oil-sand washings, can recycle.
The present invention adopts the combination treatment method of " oil removal sedimentation-cyclonic separation-coagulation air-float-filtration ".Having an advantage in that: 1. to a large amount of sands contained in oil-sand washes, sedimentation time difference different according to its particle diameter, carrying out multilayer classifying process, class settling, sand sedimentation is more thorough；2. different according to waste water medium pitch foundation stone oily substance existence in waste water, oil droplet size difference, carry out fractionated, it is more thorough that petroleum substance separates removal；3. the many kinds of substances such as the grains of sand in waste water, clay, petroleum-type being realized advanced treating, the waste water after process can recycle as oil-sand washings；4. adopting the series connection of two-stage venturi mixer to use, Flow of Goods and Materials speed is fast, it is to avoid the sand grains that particle diameter is bigger is deposited on inside equipment or pipeline, blocks；5. a whole set of oil-sand washing water handling reclamation set, method flow is short, and energy consumption is low, high treating effect.
Certainly; the present invention also can have other various embodiments; when without departing substantially from present invention spirit and essence thereof, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various corresponding change and deformation according to the present invention, but these change accordingly and deform the protection domain that all should belong to the claims in the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. an oil-sand method for processing wash water, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
The waste water that step one is separated after being washed by oil-sand mixes with acid or alkali through first order venturi mixer, and the pH value regulating waste water is between 7.6～8.6；
Step 2 waste water after step one processes, again passes by second level venturi mixer and mixes with demulsifier, and the dosage controlling to add demulsifier is 30～300mg/L；
Waste water after step 2 processes is entered oil removal Sedimentation tank by step 3, and the time of staying keeping waste water is 0.5～3.0h, removes suspended oil and sandy soil；
Waste water after oil removal sedimentation is carried out cyclonic separation by step 4, and removing particle diameter in water is the particulate matter of more than 50 μm；
Waste water after cyclonic separation is entered coagulation air-float device by step 5, removes the float in waste water further and is in the petroleum substance suspended with dissolved state；
Waste water after step 5 processes is filtered by step 6, obtains oil-sand washings.
2. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the acid described in described step one is selected from hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid or nitric acid.
3. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the acid described in described step one is concentrated sulphuric acid.
4. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the acid described in described step one is weak acid.
5. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alkali described in described step one is selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
6. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alkali described in described step one is weak base.
7. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pH value described in described step one is 7.6～8.2.
8. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that demulsifier dosage described in described step 2 is 50～150mg/L.
9. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step 3, the time of staying of waste water is 1～2.5h.
10. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that add flocculant in described step 5 in described coagulation air-float device.
11. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described flocculant is inorganic polymer flocculant or organic polymer coargulator.
12. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 11, it is characterised in that described inorganic polymer flocculant is aluminium polychlorid or aluminium silicate polymer.
13. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 11, it is characterised in that described organic polymer coargulator is PAMC.
14. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described PAMC molecular weight is 700～10,000,000.
15. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 11, it is characterised in that described inorganic polymer flocculant dosage is 40～100mg/L.
16. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 11, it is characterised in that described organic polymer coargulator dosage is 2～50mg/L.
17. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that filtering filter element material used in described step 6 is quartz sand, activated carbon or chemical fibre.
18. oil-sand method for processing wash water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step 2, demulsifier is ethers demulsifier, aldehydes demulsifier or lipid demulsifier.
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