CN105751630A - Wood veneer/resin composite board and production method thereof - Google Patents
Wood veneer/resin composite board and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105751630A CN105751630A CN201610098838.8A CN201610098838A CN105751630A CN 105751630 A CN105751630 A CN 105751630A CN 201610098838 A CN201610098838 A CN 201610098838A CN 105751630 A CN105751630 A CN 105751630A
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- resin
- veneer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/13—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board all layers being exclusively wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/08—Coating on the layer surface on wood layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/582—Tearability
- B32B2307/5825—Tear resistant
Abstract
The invention provides a wood veneer/resin composite board and a production method thereof. The composite board is prepared by taking wood veneer and resin as raw materials; the resin is bonded to the surface of the wood veneer and is infiltrated into the wood veneer. The wood veneer/resin composite board can be produced by adopting a compression molding technique, a vacuum bag molding technique and a limit compression molding technique. According to the wood veneer/resin composite board, the problems of cracking of solid wood materials caused by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and the like, dimension instability of density board materials in a wet environment as well as surface layer bumping of single-layer wood veneer decorative materials can be greatly improved; in addition, a product is uniform in appearance and texture, can be randomly processed into any models and is a good stable decorative material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of composite materials, relate to a kind of veneer/resin composite plates and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Veneer uses in a large number in current furniture and Flooring Industry, to replace solid wood material.Solid wood material in use, due to the environmental condition such as temperature and humidity, uses for a long time, will result in goods Local Cracking.And the density board of material as an alternative, under the environment that air humidity is bigger, will expand, and cause product size to change, and then affect furniture overall appearance and service life., there is the problems such as top layer bulge too in monolayer veneer ornament materials.
Traditionally, veneer in most of the cases, is overlying on product surface as just products appearance material paving.Molding mode, mainly based on viscose glue, is aided with metal, timber etc. as matrix material, namely by being coated with bonding agent at substrate material surface, veneer is pasted on it, cure under pressure molding.Veneer carries out compound, composite junction Presence of an interface by viscose glue with solid wood or metal.When temperature or humidity change, bi-material expands or shrinks.Different materials, its shrinkage factor ubiquity larger difference, therefore can repeatedly occur expanding/shrinking, expansion/contraction all can form deformation accumulation at material interface every time, and interface slight crack occurs and progressively expands in the course of time, shows outward appearance layer, is bulge occur.
CN105082706A discloses the mold pressing manufacture method of a kind of veneer protection shell for digital product; described containment vessel veneer, epoxide resin material and fibrous material are formed by Mold Making; in high temperature environments; make veneer, epoxide resin material and fibrous material softening; the upper die and lower die matched moulds of mould; after pressurize cooling; above-mentioned material forms both shaped of protection shell for digital product; then reinforce molding and baking box secondary curing molding then through temperature bag, eventually pass cutting, deburring cut hole and polishing and prepare protection shell for digital product finished product.But this containment vessel is when temperature or humidity change, due to the expansion/contraction of interface, still there will be bulge.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of veneer/resin composite plates and preparation method thereof, described composite plate can significantly improve cracking, the density board material dimensional instability under moist environment that solid wood material causes and the top layer bulge problem of monolayer veneer ornament materials because of the environmental factors such as temperature and humidity；And products appearance texture is uniform, can arbitrarily be processed into any moulding.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
An object of the present invention is in that to provide a kind of veneer/resin composite plates, and described composite plate prepares with veneer and resin for raw material, described resin-bonded in veneer surface and be infiltrated in veneer.
In the present invention if no special instructions, "/" be all " with " the meaning.
Described veneer/resin composite plates is infiltrated by resin due to veneer fiber, and composite inner is homogeneous, it is ensured that overall each position shrinkage factor is identical, it is possible to avoid product deformation, bubbling and problems of crack well.Further, since resin itself is a kind of well water proof material, resin forms intact sealing coat at veneer fiber peripheral, and by fibers encapsulation wherein, this structure can be good at the exchange of moisture inside and outside occluding material, it is to avoid because of the material deformation that dampness causes；And, resin, as polymer substance, has good toughness, it is possible to resistance to live the stress that causes of miniature deformation and do not tear, therefore, it is possible to overcome the defects such as cracking and deformation that the material such as solid wood and density board brings.Therefore, veneer/resin composite plates provided by the invention be a kind of have well, the ornament materials of stability.
In described veneer/resin composite plates, resin accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of composite plate is 30-40%, such as 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38% or 39% etc..
Described resin is the combination of any one or at least two in epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite, phenolic resin or polyimide resin.Typical but non-limiting it is combined as: epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and vinylite, phenolic resin and polyimide resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin and vinylite, vinylite, phenolic resin and polyimide resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite and phenolic resin.
Preferably, described epoxy resin is E-44 type epoxy resin, and wherein firming agent is 1:1 with the mass ratio of accelerator.
The two of the purpose of the present invention are in that to provide the manufacture method making described veneer/resin composite plates, and described manufacture method comprises the steps:
(1) clean veneer surface, and dried；
(2) resin of formula ratio is applied to the veneer surface dried, obtains composite plate precursor；
(3) composite plate precursor is pressurizeed, and make resin solidify, then post processing, obtain veneer/resin composite plates.
Veneer/resin composite plates of the present invention is veneer and resin at room temperature fully to be infiltrated；The veneer infiltrated being overlapped afterwards, pressurization, solidification obtains.Described veneer/resin composite plates is uniform same material between layers, and shrinkage factor, expansion rate are identical, it is possible to avoid the problem such as bubbling and size shakiness.
Step (1) adopts ethanol and/or acetone to clean described veneer.
Preferably, step (2) described resin is the combination of any one or at least two in epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite, phenolic resin or polyimide resin.Typical but non-limiting it is combined as: epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and vinylite, phenolic resin and polyimide resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin and vinylite, vinylite, phenolic resin and polyimide resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite and phenolic resin.
Preferably, described epoxy resin is E-44 type epoxy resin, and wherein firming agent is 1:1 with the mass ratio of accelerator.
Step (3) described pressurization carries out with being solidificated in spacing pressue device and curing oven, and described spacing pressue device includes framework, flat board and keeper, and framework is placed between two pieces of flat boards, and flat board is fitted with framework by keeper by fixed flat planar.
Preferably, the size being smaller in size than flat board of described framework.
Preferably, described keeper is screw and nut, and screw runs through every piece of flat board, nut and screw fit.
Preferably, the geometric center of described framework overlaps with the geometric center of flat board.
Preferably, the number of described framework is at least one, the number at least two of described flat board.
Preferably, described device comprises 6-10 and overlaps keeper, and such as 7,8 or 9 sets etc., described keeper is evenly distributed on flat board.The height of described framework is 10-20mm, such as 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 15mm, 16mm, 18mm or 19mm etc..Being shaped as of described framework is square.Described framework is rustless steel framework.
Adopt described spacing pressue device and curing oven to carry out pressurizeing and solidify particularly as follows: composite plate precursor is positioned in framework, covering flat board, utilizing keeper by framework and flat board laminating, reheat and solidify.
Preferably, described framework is placed the composite plate precursor of more than two pieces, such as 2 pieces, 3 pieces, 4 pieces, 5 pieces, 6 pieces, 8 pieces, 10 pieces or 15 pieces etc., between described composite plate precursor, scribble resin.Veneer after impregnation is more sliding, and framework can limit the position of veneer after lamination, it is prevented that it slides and relative dislocation so that it is can be neat be stacked together；It addition, the height of framework determines the thickness of product after compacting, framework ensure that the final thickness of product.
Preferably, the temperature of described solidification is 60-80 DEG C, and such as 62 DEG C, 65 DEG C, 68 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 72 DEG C, 75 DEG C or 78 DEG C etc., the time of solidification is 2h.
Preferably, first described spacing pressue device is carried out pre-treatment, recycle described spacing pressue device with curing oven to the pressurization of composite plate precursor and solidification, described pre-treatment is: flat board rubbing down is become minute surface, framework polishes smooth, and clears up mould, and is coated with releasing agent in framework.
Preferably, described cleaning mould is: respectively by the liquid honing mould upper and lower surface of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and cleans three times with acetone.
Preferably, on described mould be coated with three releasing agents, each interval time no less than 15min, such as interval 15min, 18min, 20min, 25min, 30min or 35min etc..
Spacing extrusion forming method described above, is combining the molding mode of design on the basis of mold pressing and vacuum bag two kinds of forming methods of pressure.This molding mode, compared to mould pressing process, reduces equipment investment dramatically, take up an area little, efficiency is high, product specification freely designs.Meanwhile, stronger than vacuum bag compression technology designability again, it is possible to accurately controlling reinforcement content, thickness, it is convenient that mold tooling adjusts, and substitutability is strong.Easy and simple to handle, it is not necessary to professional training.In actual production, there is bigger feasibility, it is simple to industrialization.
Step (3) described pressurization be solidificated on moulding press to carry out.
Preferably, the pressurization carried out on moulding press and solidification particularly as follows: carry out pressurization and pressure release repeatedly to composite plate precursor, until the pressure of moulding press is 10MPa, then pressurize, solidify.
Preferably, described pressurization and pressure release repeatedly are: when pressurizeing first, begin with when contact is pressed and pressure release.When second time is pressurizeed, pressure rises to pressure release during 1MPa；Second time is pressurized to pressure release during 2MPa；Third time is forced into 10MPa.
Preferably, the temperature of described solidification is 60-80 DEG C, such as 62 DEG C, 65 DEG C, 68 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 72 DEG C, 75 DEG C or 78 DEG C etc..
Preferably, the time of described solidification is 2h.
Preferably, the mould of described moulding press is placed the described composite plate precursor of more than two pieces, such as 2 pieces, 3 pieces, 4 pieces, 5 pieces, 6 pieces, 8 pieces, 10 pieces or 15 pieces etc., between composite plate precursor, be coated with resin.
Preferably, composite plate precursor is first pressurizeed through pre-treatment and solidifies by described moulding press again, and described pre-treatment is: cleaning moulding press, removes heater plate surface dirt, clears up mould, and on mould smearing release agent.
Preferably, described cleaning mould is: respectively with the liquid honing upper and lower surface attachment of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and cleans three times with acetone.
Preferably, smearing three releasing agents on described mould, every minor tick is no less than 15min, such as interval 15min, 18min, 20min, 25min, 30min or 35min etc..
Mould pressing process molding veneer/resin composite plates, preparation is easy, production efficiency is higher, mold tooling (corrosion resistant plate) is simple and it is less to take personnel.
Step (3) described pressurization be solidificated on vacuum bag pressure device to carry out.
Preferably, the pressure that composite plate precursor pressurizes is 0.1MPa by described vacuum bag pressure device.The pressure that vacuum bag compression technology produces is only at most 0.1MPa.
Preferably, the temperature of described solidification is 60-80 DEG C, such as 62 DEG C, 65 DEG C, 68 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 72 DEG C, 75 DEG C or 78 DEG C etc..
Preferably, the time of described solidification is 2h.
Preferably, before utilizing the pressurization of vacuum bag pressure device, first covers fluid sealant mould surrounding paving, and according to release cloth, inhale rubber mat, fluid sealant laying is coated with by the order of vacuum bag film.
Preferably, the mould of described vacuum bag pressure device is placed the described composite plate precursor of more than two pieces, such as 2 pieces, 3 pieces, 4 pieces, 5 pieces, 6 pieces, 8 pieces, 10 pieces or 15 pieces etc., between composite plate precursor, be coated with resin.
Preferably, first vacuum bag pressure device being carried out pre-treatment, then pressurize, described pre-treatment is: the mould of cleaning vacuum bag pressure device, coating release agent in a mold, and preheated mold.
Preferably, the mould of described cleaning vacuum bag pressure device is particularly as follows: respectively with the liquid honing die surface of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and cleans three times with acetone.
Preferably, described releasing agent is smeared three times, and every minor tick is no less than 15min, such as interval 15min, 18min, 20min, 25min, 30min or 35min etc..
Preferably, the temperature of described preheating is 45-60 DEG C, such as 48 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 52 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 58 DEG C or 59 DEG C etc..
First the composite plate precursor cooling after solidification is carried out step (3) described post processing again.
Preferably, described cooling is Temperature fall.
Preferably, step (3) described post processing is the silt glue and the burrs on edges that remove the composite plate precursor surface after solidifying, and is processed into required form.
Vacuum bag compression technology molding veneer/resin composite plates, preparation is easy, production efficiency is higher, mold tooling (corrosion resistant plate) is simple, and equipment investment is few.
As preferred technical scheme, adopt spacing pressing shaping device to make veneer/resin composite plates and comprise the steps:
A) the flat board rubbing down in spacing pressue device being become minute surface, framework polishes smooth, impulse-free robustness；
B) by framework respectively with the liquid honing upper and lower surface attachment of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and clean three times with acetone；
C) being coated with releasing agent three times at the framework one side cleaned out, every minor tick is no less than 15min；
D) dip industrial alcohol or acetone with flannelette, carry out wiping in veneer surface, remove surface dirt and organic attachment, standby after drying completely；
E) according to framework size, the veneer of wiped clean is cut into suitable size, standby；
F) modulating the epoxy resin of formula ratio, accurately in control resin, the mass ratio of firming agent and accelerator is 1:1, in order to avoid affecting curing rate；
G) one flat plate is installed screw, and framework is placed in the middle of flat board；
H) epoxy resin configured is dipped with brush, on uniform application flat board in framework region, it is ensured that without holiday, bubble-free；
I) veneer that a layer cuts is laid on flat board, it is ensured that pave, without bulge；
J) dip resin with brush, be coated in ground floor veneer surface, it is ensured that without holiday, bubble-free；
K) second layer veneer paving is overlying on above ground floor veneer, it is ensured that without bulge；
L) step j)-k is repeated), until reach the requirement number of plies, complete first piece of veneer/epoxy resin composite material laying, no longer coated with resins above last layer of veneer；
M) two sides is scribbled the flat board of releasing agent, is placed on laying along screw, and second framework is placed in the middle of flat board；
N) step h)-m is repeated), until it reaches single set frock molding upper limit；
O) in the end cover flat board above one layer of laying, no longer add framework and resin；
P) after installing last one flat plate, by screw lock, until all frock pastes tightly, observe frock deformation, if deformation is serious, veneer/epoxy resin composite material total block data need to be reduced；
Q) step b)-p is repeated), until frock quantity reaches curing oven bears the upper limit；
R) frock of locking being transferred to curing oven, be incubated 2h under 80 DEG C of conditions, solidification completes；
S) after being naturally cooling to room temperature, the demoulding is cleared up, and removes surface silt glue and burrs on edges, checks that whether veneer/the epoxy resin composite material of molding is defective；
T) veneer/epoxy resin composite material made is processed into required form, makes respective color on surface, make described veneer/epoxy resin composite plate.
As preferred technical scheme, the method that die press technology for forming makes described veneer/resin composite plates is adopted to comprise the steps:
A) moulding press situation is checked: reexamine circuit, it is ensured that circuit clear, and check each instrument；Start the upper and lower hot plate of moulding press, check motion；Electrified regulation, verifies temperature accuracy；
B) cleaning moulding press, removes heater plate surface foreign material and machine oil；
C) by clean for mold cleaning, respectively with the liquid honing upper and lower surface attachment of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and with acetone scouring three times, afterwards, coated on both sides releasing agent three times, every minor tick is no less than 15min；
D) dip industrial alcohol or acetone with flannelette, carry out wiping in veneer surface, remove surface dirt and organic attachment, standby after drying completely；
E) according to die size, the veneer of wiped clean is cut into suitable size, standby；
F) modulating the epoxy resin of formula ratio, accurately controlling the mass ratio of firming agent and accelerator in resin is 1:1, in order to avoid affecting curing rate；
G) corrosion resistant plate (mould) is placed on the lower hot plate of moulding press, the epoxy resin configured uniformly it is coated with on stainless steel with brush, accomplish, without holiday, bubble-free, the veneer that a layer cuts to be laid on corrosion resistant plate, it is ensured that pave, without bulge；
H) dip resin with brush, be coated in ground floor veneer surface, it is ensured that without holiday, bubble-free；
I) second layer veneer paving is overlying on above ground floor veneer, it is ensured that without bulge；
J) step h)-i is repeated), until reach the requirement number of plies, complete first piece of veneer/epoxy resin composite material laying, no longer coated with resins above last layer of veneer；
K) above first block of composite, cover one piece of corrosion resistant plate being coated with releasing agent, repeat step g)-j) operation；
L) step k) operation is repeated, can the one-shot forming composite number of plies upper limit until reaching moulding press.In the end cover corrosion resistant plate above one block of composite, complete laying step；
M) matched moulds, slowly falls hot plate on moulding press, and after upper hot plate contacts with corrosion resistant plate, Pressure gauge numerical value rises, when beginning with contact pressure, and pressure release；
N) repressurization after the several seconds of pressure release first, when Pressure gauge index rises to 1MPa, second time pressure release；
O), after the second time pressure release several seconds, repressurization, until Pressure gauge index rises to 2MPa, third time pressure release；
P), after the third time pressure release several seconds, it is forced into 10MPa, pressurize, elevated cure；
Q) it is warming up to 80 DEG C, is incubated 2h, complete to solidify；
R) after being naturally cooling to room temperature, the demoulding is cleared up, and removes surface silt glue and burrs on edges, checks that whether veneer/the epoxy resin composite material of molding is defective；
S) veneer/epoxy resin composite material made is processed into required form, makes respective color on surface, make described veneer/epoxy resin composite plate.
As preferred technical scheme, adopt the molded technique of vacuum bag to make described veneer/resin composite plates and comprise the steps:
A) dip industrial alcohol or acetone with flannelette, carry out wiping in veneer surface, remove surface dirt and organic attachment, standby after drying completely；
B) according to die size, the veneer of wiped clean is cut into suitable size, standby；
C) by corrosion resistant plate respectively with the liquid honing upper and lower surface attachment of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and clean three times with acetone；
D) being coated with releasing agent three times at the corrosion resistant plate one side cleaned out, every minor tick is no less than 15min；
E) corrosion resistant plate being coated with releasing agent puts into curing oven preheating, is preheated to 45 DEG C-60 DEG C insulations standby；
F) modulating the epoxy resin of formula ratio, accurately controlling the mass ratio of firming agent and accelerator in resin is 1:1, in order to avoid affecting curing rate；
G) dip the epoxy resin configured with brush, be coated uniformly on corrosion resistant plate and be attached with the side of releasing agent, it is ensured that without holiday, bubble-free；
H) veneer that a layer cuts is laid on corrosion resistant plate, it is ensured that pave, without bulge；
I) dip resin with brush, be coated in ground floor veneer surface, it is ensured that without holiday, bubble-free；
J) second layer veneer paving is overlying on above ground floor veneer, it is ensured that without bulge；
K) step i)-j is repeated), until reach the requirement number of plies, complete first piece of veneer/epoxy resin composite material laying, no longer coated with resins above last layer of veneer；
If l) corrosion resistant plate is sufficiently large, it is possible to according to step g)-k), first piece of parallel laying in composite side；
M) cutting adjuvant according to die size, adjuvant mainly includes release cloth, inhales rubber mat, vacuum bag film, serpentine pipe and plastic tube etc., must ensure that adjuvant cuts size suitable, stop surplus；
N) cover fluid sealant mould surrounding paving, according to release cloth, inhale rubber mat, laying is coated with by the order of vacuum bag film, reserves bleed-off passage at correct position, cladding schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 3；
O) starting vacuum pump, system for the treatment of stops compressing, and checking system gas leakage situation, pressing Gas leak position, until can't hear gas leakage sound；
P) treat stable system, with locking pliers, exhaust tube an outpost of the tax office is broken, observe vacuum meter reading, if vacuum is without significant change in 20min, then it is believed that system seals intact, carry out next step operation；
Q) 80 DEG C of insulation 2h, solidification completes；
R) after being naturally cooling to room temperature, the demoulding is cleared up, and removes surface silt glue and burrs on edges.Check that whether veneer/the epoxy resin composite material of molding is defective；
S) veneer/epoxy resin composite material made is processed into required form, makes respective color on surface, make described veneer/epoxy resin composite plate.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
Decorative panel provided by the invention can significantly improve cracking, the density board material dimensional instability under moist environment that solid wood material causes and the top layer bulge problem of monolayer veneer ornament materials because of the environmental factors such as temperature and humidity；And products appearance texture is uniform, can arbitrarily be processed into any moulding, be the ornament materials of good stability；
Composite provided by the invention is by veneer and resin, at room temperature fully infiltrates；The veneer infiltrated being overlapped and solidification afterwards, be uniform same material between layers, shrinkage factor, expansion rate are identical, it is thus possible to avoid the problem such as bubbling and size shakiness；
Resin itself is a kind of well water proof material, and resin forms intact sealing coat at veneer fiber peripheral, and by fibers encapsulation wherein, this structure can be good at the exchange of moisture inside and outside occluding material, it is to avoid because of the material deformation that dampness causes；And, resin, as polymer substance, has good toughness, it is possible to resistance to live the stress that causes of miniature deformation and do not tear, therefore, it is possible to overcome the defects such as cracking and deformation that the material such as solid wood and density board brings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the side view of the spacing pressue device that embodiment 1 provides.
The structural representation of limitting casing in the spacing pressue device that Fig. 2 embodiment 1 provides.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the spacing extrusion forming technique that embodiment 1 provides.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the die press technology for forming that embodiment 2 provides.
Fig. 5 is the vacuum bag pressure device schematic diagram that embodiment 3 provides.
Fig. 6 is the molded process chart of vacuum bag that embodiment 3 provides.
Fig. 7 is the outward appearance photo of the composite plate after the Milling Process that embodiment 1 prepares.
Fig. 8 is the composite plate for preparing of embodiment 1 composite plate full face (A figure) after boiling water boiling 120min, 23 DEG C of distilled water immersion 15min and side photo (B figure).
Wherein, 1, exhaustor；2, fluid sealant；3, vacuum bag film；4, release cloth；5, fluid sealant veneer laying；6, bleed-off passage is coated with the mould of releasing agent；7, inhale rubber mat；8, screw；9, framework；10, flat board；11, nut.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by detailed description of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of spacing pressue device (as depicted in figs. 1 and 2), described spacing pressue device includes 4 frameworks 9 (as shown in Figure 2), 5 pieces of flat boards 10,6 overlap screw 8 and nut 11, each framework 9 is placed between two pieces of flat boards 10, and the geometric center of framework 9 overlaps with the geometric center of flat board 10, each screw 8 runs through all flat boards 10, nut 11 on tightening screw 8 can fixed flat planar 10, and framework 9 is pressed.The material of described framework 9 and flat board 10 is rustless steel.Described framework 9 is square, and its thickness is 15mm.
A kind of veneer/epoxy resin composite plate, described composite plate is mainly that raw material prepares by veneer and epoxy resin, and it is 30% that described epoxy resin accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of composite plate, and described epoxy resin is infiltrated in described veneer and veneer surface.
Described veneer/epoxy resin composite plate adopts spacing pressue device to prepare, and described manufacture method comprises the steps (as shown in Figure 3):
A) flat board 10 rubbing down in the spacing pressue device shown in Fig. 1 being become minute surface, framework 9 polishes smooth, impulse-free robustness；
B) by framework 9 respectively with the liquid honing upper and lower surface attachment of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and clean three times with acetone；
C) being coated with releasing agent three times at framework 9 one side cleaned out, every minor tick is no less than 15min；
D) dip industrial alcohol or acetone with flannelette, carry out wiping in veneer surface, remove surface dirt and organic attachment, standby after drying completely；
E) according to framework 9 size, the veneer of wiped clean is cut into suitable size, standby；
F) modulating the epoxy resin of formula ratio, accurately in control resin, the mass ratio of firming agent and accelerator is 1:1, in order to avoid affecting curing rate；
G) one flat plate frock is installed screw 8, and framework 9 is placed in the middle of flat board 10；
H) epoxy resin configured is dipped with brush, on uniform application flat board 10 in framework 9 region, it is ensured that without holiday, bubble-free；
I) veneer that a layer cuts is laid on flat board 10, it is ensured that pave, without bulge；
J) dip resin with brush, be coated in ground floor veneer surface, it is ensured that without holiday, bubble-free；
K) second layer veneer paving is overlying on above ground floor veneer, it is ensured that without bulge；
L) step j)-k is repeated), until reach the requirement number of plies, complete first piece of veneer/epoxy resin composite material laying, no longer coated with resins above last layer of veneer；
M) two sides is scribbled the flat board 10 of releasing agent, is placed on laying along screw 8, and second framework 9 is placed in the middle of flat board；
N) step h)-m is repeated), until it reaches single set frock molding upper limit；
O) in the end cover flat board 10 above one layer of laying, no longer add framework 9 and resin；
P) after installing last one flat plate, screw 8 is locked, until framework 9 and flat board 10 paste tightly, observe frock deformation, if deformation is serious, veneer/epoxy resin composite material total block data need to be reduced；
Q) step b)-p is repeated), until frock quantity reaches curing oven bears the upper limit；
R) frock of locking being transferred to curing oven, be incubated 2h under 80 DEG C of conditions, solidification completes；
S) after being naturally cooling to room temperature, the demoulding is cleared up, and removes surface silt glue and burrs on edges, checks that whether veneer/the epoxy resin composite material of molding is defective；
T) veneer/epoxy resin composite material made is processed into required form, makes respective color on surface, make described veneer/epoxy resin composite plate.
Embodiment 2
A kind of veneer/epoxy resin composite plate, described composite plate is mainly that raw material prepares by veneer and epoxy resin, and it is 40% that described epoxy resin accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of composite plate, and described epoxy resin is infiltrated in described veneer and veneer surface.
Described veneer/epoxy resin composite plate adopts die press technology for forming to prepare, and described manufacture method comprises the steps (as shown in Figure 4):
A) moulding press situation is checked: reexamine circuit, it is ensured that circuit clear, and check each instrument；Start the upper and lower hot plate of moulding press, check motion；Electrified regulation, verifies temperature accuracy；
B) cleaning moulding press, removes heater plate surface foreign material and machine oil；
C) by clean for mold cleaning, respectively with the liquid honing upper and lower surface attachment of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and with acetone scouring three times, afterwards, coated on both sides releasing agent three times, every minor tick is no less than 15min；
D) dip industrial alcohol or acetone with flannelette, carry out wiping in veneer surface, remove surface dirt and organic attachment, standby after drying completely；
E) according to die size, the veneer of wiped clean is cut into suitable size, standby；
F) modulating the epoxy resin of formula ratio, accurately controlling the mass ratio of firming agent and accelerator in resin is 1:1, in order to avoid affecting curing rate；
G) corrosion resistant plate (mould) is placed on the lower hot plate of moulding press, the epoxy resin configured uniformly it is coated with on stainless steel with brush, accomplish, without holiday, bubble-free, the veneer that a layer cuts to be laid on corrosion resistant plate, it is ensured that pave, without bulge；
H) dip resin with brush, be coated in ground floor veneer surface, it is ensured that without holiday, bubble-free；
I) second layer veneer paving is overlying on above ground floor veneer, it is ensured that without bulge；
J) step h)-i is repeated), until reach the requirement number of plies, complete first piece of veneer/epoxy resin composite material laying, no longer coated with resins above last layer of veneer；
K) above first block of composite, cover one piece of corrosion resistant plate being coated with releasing agent, repeat step g)-j) operation；
L) step k) operation is repeated, can the one-shot forming composite number of plies upper limit until reaching moulding press.In the end cover corrosion resistant plate above one block of composite, complete laying step；
M) matched moulds, slowly falls hot plate on moulding press, and after upper hot plate contacts with corrosion resistant plate, Pressure gauge numerical value rises, when beginning with contact pressure, and pressure release；
N) repressurization after the several seconds of pressure release first, when Pressure gauge index rises to 1MPa, second time pressure release；
O), after the second time pressure release several seconds, repressurization, until Pressure gauge index rises to 2MPa, third time pressure release；
P), after the third time pressure release several seconds, it is forced into 10MPa, pressurize, elevated cure；
Q) it is warming up to 80 DEG C, is incubated 2h, complete to solidify；
R) after being naturally cooling to room temperature, the demoulding is cleared up, and removes surface silt glue and burrs on edges, checks that whether veneer/the epoxy resin composite material of molding is defective；
S) veneer/epoxy resin composite material made is processed into required form, makes respective color on surface, make described veneer/epoxy resin composite plate.
Embodiment 3
A kind of veneer/epoxy resin composite plate, described composite plate is mainly that raw material prepares by veneer and epoxy resin, and it is 35% that described epoxy resin accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of composite plate, and described epoxy resin is infiltrated in described veneer and veneer surface.
Described veneer/epoxy resin composite plate makes in vacuum bag pressure device (as shown in Figure 5) the upper employing molded technique of vacuum bag and obtains, and described manufacture method comprises the steps (as shown in Figure 6):
A) dip industrial alcohol or acetone with flannelette, carry out wiping in veneer surface, remove surface dirt and organic attachment, standby after drying completely；
B) according to die size, the veneer of wiped clean is cut into suitable size, standby；
C) by corrosion resistant plate respectively with the liquid honing upper and lower surface attachment of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and clean three times with acetone；
D) being coated with releasing agent three times at the corrosion resistant plate one side cleaned out, every minor tick is no less than 15min；
E) corrosion resistant plate being coated with releasing agent puts into curing oven preheating, is preheated to 45 DEG C-60 DEG C insulations standby；
F) modulating the epoxy resin of formula ratio, accurately controlling the mass ratio of firming agent and accelerator in resin is 1:1, in order to avoid affecting curing rate；
G) dip the epoxy resin configured with brush, be coated uniformly on corrosion resistant plate and be attached with the side of releasing agent, it is ensured that without holiday, bubble-free；
H) veneer that a layer cuts is laid on corrosion resistant plate, it is ensured that pave, without bulge；
I) dip resin with brush, be coated in ground floor veneer surface, it is ensured that without holiday, bubble-free；
J) second layer veneer paving is overlying on above ground floor veneer, it is ensured that without bulge；
K) step i)-j is repeated), until reach the requirement number of plies, complete first piece of veneer/epoxy resin composite material laying, no longer coated with resins above last layer of veneer；
If l) corrosion resistant plate is sufficiently large, it is possible to according to step g)-k), first piece of parallel laying in composite side；
M) cutting adjuvant according to die size, adjuvant mainly includes release cloth, inhales rubber mat, vacuum bag film, serpentine pipe and plastic tube etc., must ensure that adjuvant cuts size suitable, stop surplus；
N) cover fluid sealant mould surrounding paving, according to release cloth, inhale rubber mat, laying is coated with by the order of vacuum bag film, reserves bleed-off passage at correct position, cladding schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 3；
O) starting vacuum pump, system for the treatment of stops compressing, and checking system gas leakage situation, pressing Gas leak position, until can't hear gas leakage sound；
P) treat stable system, with locking pliers, exhaust tube an outpost of the tax office is broken, observe vacuum meter reading, if vacuum is without significant change in 20min, then it is believed that system seals intact, carry out next step operation；
Q) 80 DEG C of insulation 2h, solidification completes；
R) after being naturally cooling to room temperature, the demoulding is cleared up, and removes surface silt glue and burrs on edges.Check that whether veneer/the epoxy resin composite material of molding is defective；
S) veneer/epoxy resin composite material made is processed into required form, makes respective color on surface, make described veneer/epoxy resin composite plate.
Embodiment 4
A kind of veneer/vinylite composite plate, described composite plate is mainly that raw material prepares by veneer and vinylite, and it is 35% that described vinylite accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of composite plate, and described vinylite is infiltrated in described veneer and veneer surface.
The manufacture method of described veneer/vinylite composite plate is identical with the manufacture method described in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
A kind of veneer/unsaturated polyester resin composite plate, described composite plate is mainly that raw material prepares by veneer and unsaturated polyester resin, it is 35% that described unsaturated polyester resin accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of composite plate, and described unsaturated polyester resin is infiltrated in described veneer and veneer surface.
The manufacture method of described veneer/unsaturated polyester resin composite plate is identical with the manufacture method described in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
A kind of veneer/vinylite composite plate, described composite plate is mainly that raw material prepares by veneer and vinylite, and it is 38% that described vinylite accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of composite plate, and described vinylite is infiltrated in described veneer and veneer surface.
The manufacture method of described veneer/vinylite composite plate is identical with the manufacture method described in embodiment 2.
Embodiment 7
A kind of veneer/unsaturated polyester resin composite plate, described composite plate is mainly that raw material prepares by veneer and unsaturated polyester resin, it is 32% that described unsaturated polyester resin accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of composite plate, and described unsaturated polyester resin is infiltrated in described veneer and veneer surface.
The manufacture method of described veneer/unsaturated polyester resin composite plate is identical with the manufacture method described in embodiment 3.
The composite plate that embodiment 1 is prepared, the plain plate after Milling Process, before not doing colouring protection process, is carried out performance test by surface, and test result is:
1. moisture content 2.77%；
2. density 0.93g.cm-3；
3. 24 hours water absorption rates are 9.47%；
4. at 20 DEG C, placing 1 year in the environment of relative humidity 45%, size changing rate is 0；
5. to after composite plate Milling Process, described finished surface is smooth, and without layering, without falling slag, without fluffing, inter-layer bonding force is better than ordinary particle board, fibre board and particle board etc..Composite plate outward appearance (not doing color) after Milling Process is as shown in Figure 7.
6. taking out after boiling water boiling 120min, be placed in submergence 15min in 23 DEG C of distilled water, sample is without bubbling and lamination (as shown in Figure 8)；And for common fibre board, particle board, plywood etc., the phenomenons such as decocting in water and there will be after soaking is swollen, deformation, falls slag, comes off, layering.
In addition, the composite plate after Milling Process, surface is not done colouring and is processed, and owing to the year colyliform pattern being processed to form is elegant in appearance, thick and heavy simpleness, woodiness touch is strong, and not going up color can directly as appearance.Even if not doing colouring process to protect, intensity, weatherability etc. also can meet instructions for use.
The performance of the composite plate that embodiment 2-7 obtains is little with embodiment 1 difference.
Visible, veneer/resin composite plates provided by the invention can significantly improve cracking, the density board material dimensional instability under moist environment that composite plate causes and top layer bulge problem because of the environmental factors such as temperature and humidity；And products appearance texture is uniform, can arbitrarily be processed into any moulding, be good stability ornament materials.
Applicant states; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; person of ordinary skill in the field it should be understood that; any those skilled in the art of belonging to are in the technical scope that the invention discloses; the change that can readily occur in or replacement, all fall within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (10)
1. veneer/resin composite plates, it is characterised in that described composite plate prepares with veneer and resin for raw material, described resin-bonded in veneer surface and be infiltrated in veneer.
2. composite plate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is 30-40% that described resin accounts for the weight/mass percentage composition of composite plate.
3. composite plate according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that described resin is the combination of any one or at least two in epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite, phenolic resin or polyimide resin；
Preferably, described epoxy resin is E-44 type epoxy resin, and wherein firming agent is 1:1 with the mass ratio of accelerator.
4. the manufacture method according to the described composite plate of one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described manufacture method comprises the steps:
(1) clean veneer surface, and dried；
(2) resin of formula ratio is applied to the veneer surface dried, obtains composite plate precursor；
(3) composite plate precursor is pressurizeed, and make resin solidify, then carry out post processing, obtain veneer/resin composite plates.
5. manufacture method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that step (1) adopts ethanol and/or acetone to clean described veneer；
Preferably, step (2) described resin is the combination of any one or at least two in epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite, phenolic resin or polyimide resin；
Preferably, described epoxy resin is E-44 type epoxy resin, and wherein firming agent is 1:1 with the mass ratio of accelerator.
6. the manufacture method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, step (3) described pressurization carries out with being solidificated in spacing pressue device and curing oven, described spacing pressue device includes framework (9), flat board (10) and keeper, framework (9) is placed between two pieces of flat boards (10), and flat board (10) is fitted with framework (9) by keeper by fixed flat planar；
Preferably, the size being smaller in size than flat board (10) of described framework (9)；
Preferably, described keeper is screw (8) and nut (11), and screw (8) runs through every piece of flat board (10), and nut (11) coordinates with screw (8)；
Preferably, the geometric center of described framework (9) overlaps with the geometric center of flat board (10)；
Preferably, the number of described framework (9) is at least one, the number at least two of described flat board (10).
7. manufacture method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, adopt described spacing pressue device and curing oven to carry out pressurizeing and solidify particularly as follows: composite plate precursor is positioned in framework (9), cover flat board (10), utilize keeper by framework (9) and flat board (10) laminating, reheat and solidify；
Preferably, described framework (9) is placed the composite plate precursor of more than two pieces, between described composite plate precursor, scribbles resin；
Preferably, the temperature of described solidification is 60-80 DEG C, and the time of solidification is 2h；
Preferably, first described spacing pressue device is carried out pre-treatment, recycle described spacing pressue device with curing oven to the pressurization of composite plate precursor and solidification, described pre-treatment is: flat board (10) rubbing down is become minute surface, framework (9) polishes smooth, cleaning mould, and it is coated with releasing agent in framework (9)；
Preferably, described cleaning mould is: respectively by the liquid honing mould upper and lower surface of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and cleans three times with acetone；
Preferably, being coated with three releasing agents on described mould, each interval time is no less than 15min.
8. the manufacture method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that step (3) described pressurization be solidificated on moulding press to carry out；
Preferably, the pressurization carried out on moulding press and solidification particularly as follows: carry out pressurization and pressure release repeatedly to composite plate precursor, until the pressure of moulding press is 10MPa, then pressurize, solidify；
Preferably, described pressurization and pressure release repeatedly are: when pressurizeing first, begin with when contact is pressed and pressure release；When second time is pressurizeed, pressure rises to pressure release during 1MPa；Second time is pressurized to pressure release during 2MPa；Third time is forced into 10MPa；
Preferably, the temperature of described solidification is 60-80 DEG C；
Preferably, the time of described solidification is 2h；
Preferably, the mould of described moulding press is placed the described composite plate precursor of more than two pieces, between composite plate precursor, is coated with resin；
Preferably, composite plate precursor is first pressurizeed through pre-treatment and solidifies by described moulding press again, and described pre-treatment is: cleaning moulding press, removes heater plate surface dirt, clears up mould, and on mould smearing release agent；
Preferably, described cleaning mould is: respectively with the liquid honing upper and lower surface attachment of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and cleans three times with acetone；
Preferably, smearing three releasing agents on described mould, every minor tick is no less than 15min.
9. the manufacture method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that step (3) described pressurization be solidificated on vacuum bag pressure device to carry out；
Preferably, the pressure that composite plate precursor pressurizes is 0.1MPa by described vacuum bag pressure device；
Preferably, the temperature of described solidification is 60-80 DEG C；
Preferably, the time of described solidification is 2h；
Preferably, before utilizing the pressurization of vacuum bag pressure device, first covers fluid sealant mould surrounding paving, and according to release cloth, inhale rubber mat, fluid sealant laying is coated with by the order of vacuum bag film；
Preferably, the mould of described vacuum bag pressure device is placed the described composite plate precursor of more than two pieces, between composite plate precursor, is coated with resin；
Preferably, first vacuum bag pressure device being carried out pre-treatment, then pressurize, described pre-treatment is: the mould of cleaning vacuum bag pressure device, coating release agent in a mold, and preheated mold；
Preferably, the mould of described cleaning vacuum bag pressure device is particularly as follows: respectively with the liquid honing die surface of 400 orders, 800 orders and 1000 orders, and cleans three times with acetone；
Preferably, described releasing agent is smeared three times, and every minor tick is no less than 15min；
Preferably, the temperature of described preheating is 45-60 DEG C.
10. according to the manufacture method one of claim 4-9 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that first the composite plate precursor cooling after solidification is carried out step (3) described post processing again；
Preferably, described cooling is Temperature fall；
Preferably, step (3) described post processing is the silt glue and the burrs on edges that remove the composite plate precursor surface after solidifying, and is processed into required form.
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Application publication date: 20160713 |