CN105751335A - Novel modified wood and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel modified wood and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105751335A CN105751335A CN201610134646.8A CN201610134646A CN105751335A CN 105751335 A CN105751335 A CN 105751335A CN 201610134646 A CN201610134646 A CN 201610134646A CN 105751335 A CN105751335 A CN 105751335A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K1/00—Damping wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
- B27K3/0214—Drying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/15—Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides novel modified wood and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method includes: mixing a formaldehyde solution with carbamide to obtain a solution, and adding a weak acid or acid salt solution to regulate pH value to obtain a mixed solution; on the premise of avoiding of polymerization reaction, soaking wood and quickly vacuumizing the wood; controlling the temperature to enable addition reaction and condensation polymerization reaction of formaldehyde and carbamide in the wood to realize synthesis of resin in the wood and wood modification, so that the novel modified wood is obtained.The preparation method is technically simple, easy to operate, low in cost and remarkably effective; low-molecular-weight monomers such as the formaldehyde and the carbamide are successfully led into the wood to synthesize a high-molecular-weight resin adhesive which reacts with hydrophilic hydroxyl groups in the wood to finally improve dimensional stability, corrosion resistance and mechanical performance of the wood.The novel modified wood obtained according to the method is excellent in dimensional stability, corrosion resistance and mechanical performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wooden material field, be specifically related to a kind of new modified timber and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lauxite is carbamide with formaldehyde under the effect of catalyst (alkalescence or acidic catalyst), and polycondensation becomes initial stage Lauxite, then again under firming agent or promoter effect, forms resin in latter stage insoluble, not molten.Within 1844, synthesized first by B.Toiiens, until C.Goldschmidt in 1896 etc. use after studying first；Nineteen twenty-nine Germany's dyestuff company (IG company) obtains UF resin for glueing joint the patent of timber, and its ProductName, KanritLeim, is a kind of UF resin prepolymer that can glued joint timber in normal temperature cure, thus causes the attention of people；Within 1931, UF resin is first in market sale.Hereafter, UF resin is widely applied in wood working industry and develops rapidly.
China's urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive starts industrialized production in nineteen fifty-seven, within 1962, becomes the main adhesive of plywood production, substantially replaces blood glue and locust beam gum.At present, owing to its manufacture is simple, easy to use, with low cost, function admirable, it has also become the main glue kind of China's Wood-based Panel Production, is also countries in the world timber industry, especially the main glue kind of artificial board.It is reported, the plywood of Japan 80%, the almost particieboard of 100%, the particieboard of Germany 75%, Britain's almost particieboard of 100% and the wood-based plate of China more than 80% all use urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive.
The synthesis of Lauxite mainly adopts two kinds of techniques, i.e. the low temperature synthesis process of the traditional handicraft of weak base-weak acid-weak base and strong acid-weak acid-weak base.
Traditional production technology is carbamide and formaldehyde is progressively changed into addition in acid condition, polycondensation and the linear resin that generates in alkaline medium, course of reaction is more complicated, is affected bigger by factors such as the proportioning of raw material, the pH value of reaction, reaction temperature and response time.The resin of this technology synthesis is due to methene key or other hydrophilic radical such as-CH2OH、-NH2Deng existence so that the resistance to water of resin, ageing resistace are poor.
Timber pickling is filling-modified is by good to some fillings or expansion character, can react or play the Organic substance of fixing supporting role under certain condition with wood component, inorganic matter is immersed in wood cell by the mode of impregnating, drying removes Water In Wood, carrying out heat treatment again makes resin solidify because of heating, generate water-fast polymer, deposition is filled in lumen, or cross-link with wood components, play filling, adhesion, the effect strengthened, so that density of wood increases, color burn, dimensional stability strengthens, intensity increases, and then change a kind of method of wood performance.Resin after synthesis, as one of improved wood implant, is generally impregnated or is coated onto wood internal or surface by urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, and pressurized heating is cemented together with timber.But this process costs is of a relatively high, complex operation, the molecular resin amount after synthesis is more much larger than formaldehyde, carbamide, when vacuum impregnation timber, increase due to molecular weight, it is impossible to ensure that resin is completely infused in timber, is unfavorable for the improvement with wood formation cross-linking reaction and performance.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the preparation method that it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of new modified timber, it is possible to realize synthesis and the Wooden modifying of resin and then the dimensional stability of raising timber, rotproofness and mechanical property at wood internal；
The present invention also aims to the new modified timber providing a kind of above-mentioned preparation method to prepare.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
The preparation method of a kind of new modified timber, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of solution A: formalin and carbamide are hybridly prepared into solution, and add weak acid or acidic salt solution adjustment pH value to 4.5-5.0, obtain solution A；Wherein, the solute formaldehyde in formalin is 1.5:1-2:1 with the mol ratio of carbamide.
(2) vacuum impregnation timber: first timber is dried, then dried timber is immersed in solution A, and under the vacuum condition that vacuum is 0.09-0.1MPa, timber is carried out vacuum impregnation process, the time that vacuum impregnation processes is 20-40min, and temperature when vacuum impregnation processes keeps consistent with room temperature.
(3) synthesis of resin in timber: until step (2) timber after vacuum impregnation has processed, 43-47 DEG C it is warming up in 10-15min, carry out additive reaction, response time is 5-10min, generates stable methylolurea, is then warming up to 83-87 DEG C in 25-35min, carry out polycondensation reaction, response time is 5-6h, generates based on methene key at wood internal, with the Lauxite of methylol group.
(4) dry improved wood: continuing to adjust the temperature to 101-105 DEG C, the timber after polycondensation reaction is dried process, the process time is 18-24h.
(5) cooling damping: the timber after dried is naturally cooled to 40-60 DEG C, is subsequently placed in atmospheric environment, carry out conditioning, be 7-10% to moisture content, thus preparing new modified timber.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferable that described timber can include broadleaf and/or softwood；It is further preferred that described broadleaf can include one or more the combination in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride poplar, Xinjiang poplar and Beijing Poplar, described softwood can be Pinus sylvestnis var. mongolica Litv..
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferable that in step (1), during preparation solution A, temperature controls at-5-1 DEG C.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferable that in step (2), the temperature that vacuum impregnation processes is 15-20 DEG C.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, in step (1), described weak acid can include one or more the combination in formic acid, oxalic acid and citric acid etc., and described acidic salt solution can include one or more the combination in ammonium chloride solution, ammonium sulfate, ammonium ferric sulfate solution and aniline hydrochloride solution etc.；It is further preferred that the mass percent concentration of described ammonium chloride solution is 10%.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferable that in step (2), the moisture content of dried timber is 3-6%.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferable that in step (2), step (3) and step (4), the equipment processing timber is vacuum drying oven.
In above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferable that in step (1), the mass percent concentration of described formalin is 37%；The purity of described carbamide is 99%.
In above-mentioned preparation method, adopting the transparent plastic containers of heatproof as the container holding solution A and impregnated timber, the temperature resistant range of plastic containers is-20-120 DEG C.Experiment is to carry out in vacuum tank in acid condition, adopts the plastic containers that heatproof is transparent, is possible not only to prevent burn into from preventing high temperature, and transparent plastic containers are easy to observation experiment phenomenon and evaluation experimental effect.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the preparation of solution carries out under ventilated environment, when carrying out solution preparation, the temperature of configuration is-5-1 DEG C, any reaction is there is hardly between the solution monomer such as formaldehyde, carbamide, and the solution that is made into is lower than the molecular weight of ready-made resin, it is more beneficial for vacuum impregnation to wood internal.
In above-mentioned preparation method, during vacuum impregnation timber, room temperature is approximately 15-20 DEG C, in vacuum drying oven, temperature is 15-20 DEG C, the dipping process of short time does not have the additive reaction between gel or monomer, this temperature range is conducive to carbamide to keep liquid condition in formalin, evenly be immersed in wood internal.
In above-mentioned preparation method, when adopting ammonium chloride to regulate pH value, when follow-up vacuum impregnation, hardening time is longer, and processing ease is controlled, additionally, the ammonium ion having more in ammonium chloride also can react generation resin with the free formaldehyde in resin, reduces the pollution to environment of free formaldehyde.
In above-mentioned preparation method, dried moisture content is 3-6%, dry purpose is exactly discharged by the moisture in wood cell chamber, iuntercellular, cell wall, for the space that the entrance offer of resin monomer solution is enough, it is more beneficial for solution and is sufficiently impregnated with wood internal, be better modified timber processing.
In above-mentioned preparation method, vacuum impregnation processes the equipment adopted and is only vacuum drying oven, and technique is simple to operation, cost consumption is low, it is not necessary to prepare urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive by special reactor and thermal source, just can completing the processes such as impregnation process-resins synthesis-improved wood, effect is notable.
Present invention also offers the new modified timber that a kind of above-mentioned preparation method prepares.This new modified timber possesses excellent dimensional stability, rotproofness and mechanical property.
Timber is as porous material, and the diameter in its hole is mainly distributed between 1nm-400 μm, there is also thylose, and this some holes is for carrying moisture and inorganic matter in some softwoods, is unfavorable for the transmission of high concentration high molecular weight solution.But traditional dipping improved wood, it is both needed to go to process timber by ready-made resin, and resin is generally heavy polymer, although enterprise and researcher propose the method for synthesis low concentration low-molecular-weight resin adhesive, but still very big compared with the molecular weight of formaldehyde (molecular weight: 30.3) and carbamide (molecular weight: 60.6), penetrate into wood cell wall not as monomer solution is more easy to.
Research only when the molecular weight of phenolic resin used is low-molecular-weight (mean molecule quantity about 300) also finds, in the process of impregnated timber, resin is only possible to and is more impregnated in wood cell chamber, the hydroxyl reaction thus absorbing water with the free activity of wood internal in Post isothermal treatment process, the dimensional stability and the rotproofness that process material just can improve a lot；When with the resin impregnating of median size molecular weight (mean molecule quantity about 450), the dimensional stability and the rotproofness that process material have certain improvement, but improve little, its reason is exactly that the phenolic resin of intermediate molecular weight is in dipping process, only wherein the part of molecular weight just can be impregnated in wood cell chamber, and bigger part can only form polymer with wood cell cavity wall active site；When resin impregnating with bigger molecular weight (mean molecule quantity 1000), only little a part of low-molecular-weight is impregnated into wood cell intracavity, and overwhelming majority larger molecular weight can only form chemical glue connection with wood cell cavity wall active site, the performance improvement effect being processed as material is very little.
It is an advantage of the current invention that successfully to be incorporated in timber by low-molecular-weight monomer, and then the Resin adhesive of synthesis high molecular, the hydrophilic hydroxyl reaction with in timber again under the effect of temperature, finally improve its dimensional stability, rotproofness and mechanical property.
The Advantageous Effects of the present invention:
The preparation method of the new modified timber of the present invention:
(1) technique is simple to operation, cost consumption is low, it is not necessary to prepare urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive by special reactor and thermal source, just can complete the processes such as impregnation process-resins synthesis-improved wood only with vacuum drying oven, and effect is notable；
(2) can the monomers such as low-molecular-weight formaldehyde, carbamide be successfully introduced in timber, and then the Resin adhesive of synthesis high molecular, and react with hydrophilic hydroxyl groups in timber, finally improve the stability of timber size, rotproofness and mechanical property；
(3) the new modified timber prepared possesses excellent dimensional stability, rotproofness and mechanical property.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the embodiment 1-3 new modified timber prepared and the timber scanning electron microscope comparison diagram without modification.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to the technical characteristic of the present invention, purpose and beneficial effect are more clearly understood from, existing technical scheme is carried out described further below, but it is not intended that to the present invention can the restriction of practical range.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method present embodiments providing a kind of new modified timber, in this preparation method, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride poplar chosen by timber: longitudinal 300mm, tangential 150mm, radially 20mm.
This preparation method step is as follows:
(1) preparation of solution A: to adopt temperature resistant range be-20-120 DEG C, is of a size of 400mm (length) × the transparent plastic containers of 275mm (width) × 103mm (height), add mass fraction be 37% formaldehyde and mass fraction be the carbamide of 99%, wherein formaldehyde and carbamide are that 2:1 is configured to solution according to mol ratio, and add ammonium chloride solution adjustment pH value to 4.5-5.0, thus obtaining solution A；
(2) vacuum impregnation timber: be first 3-6% by the drying of wood to moisture content, then timber is immersed in equipped with in the plastic containers of solution A, and plastic containers are placed in vacuum drying oven, when in vacuum drying oven, vacuum is 0.09-0.1MPa, carry out wood vacuum impregnation process, the process time is 30min, and wherein the temperature in vacuum drying oven keeps consistent with room temperature；
(3) synthesis of resin in timber: after timber pickling has processed in step (2), by the temperature in vacuum drying oven to 45 DEG C in 10min, now proceed by additive reaction, response time is 5min, generates stable methylolurea, then in 30min by the temperature in vacuum drying oven to 83-87 DEG C, now proceed by polycondensation reaction, response time is 5h, generates based on methene key at wood internal, with the Lauxite of methylol group；
(4) dry improved wood: regulating vacuum drying the temperature inside the box to 101-105 DEG C, timber is dried process, the process time is 20h；
(5) cooling damping: close vacuum drying oven, when the temperature inside the box naturally cools to 40 DEG C, takes out timber and is placed in atmospheric environment, carry out conditioning, be 7-10% to moisture content, thus preparing new modified timber.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method present embodiments providing a kind of new modified timber, in this preparation method, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride poplar chosen by timber: longitudinal 300mm, tangential 150mm, radially 20mm.
This preparation method step is as follows:
(1) preparation of solution A: to adopt temperature resistant range be-20-120 DEG C, is of a size of 400mm (length) × the transparent plastic containers of 275mm (width) × 103mm (height), add mass fraction be 37% formaldehyde and mass fraction be the carbamide of 99%, wherein formaldehyde and carbamide are that 1.5:1 is configured to solution according to mol ratio, and add ammonium chloride solution adjustment pH value to 4.5-5.0, thus obtaining solution A；
(2) vacuum impregnation timber: be first 3-6% by the drying of wood to moisture content, then timber is immersed in equipped with in the plastic containers of solution A, and plastic containers are placed in vacuum drying oven, when in vacuum drying oven, vacuum is 0.09-0.1MPa, carry out wood vacuum impregnation process, the process time is 30min, and wherein the temperature in vacuum drying oven keeps consistent with room temperature；
(3) synthesis of resin in timber: after timber pickling has processed in step (2), by the temperature in vacuum drying oven to 45 DEG C in 10min, now proceed by additive reaction, response time is 5min, generates stable methylolurea, then in 30min by the temperature in vacuum drying oven to 83-87 DEG C, now proceed by polycondensation reaction, response time is 5h, generates based on methene key at wood internal, with the Lauxite of methylol group；
(4) dry improved wood: regulating vacuum drying the temperature inside the box to 101-105 DEG C, timber is dried process, the process time is 20h；
(5) cooling damping: close vacuum drying oven, when the temperature inside the box naturally cools to 40 DEG C, takes out timber and is placed in atmospheric environment, carry out conditioning, be 7-10% to moisture content, thus preparing new modified timber.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method present embodiments providing a kind of new modified timber, in this preparation method, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride poplar chosen by timber: longitudinal 300mm, tangential 150mm, radially 20mm.
This preparation method step is as follows:
(1) preparation of solution A: to adopt temperature resistant range be-20-120 DEG C, is of a size of 400mm (length) × the transparent plastic containers of 275mm (width) × 103mm (height), add mass fraction be 37% formaldehyde and mass fraction be the carbamide of 99%, wherein formaldehyde and carbamide are that 2:1 is configured to solution according to mol ratio, and the distilled water of the 30% of addition solution quality is diluted processing, and add ammonium chloride solution adjustment pH value to 4.5-5.0, thus obtaining solution A；
(2) vacuum impregnation timber: be first 3-6% by the drying of wood to moisture content, then timber is immersed in equipped with in the plastic containers of solution A, and plastic containers are placed in vacuum drying oven, when in vacuum drying oven, vacuum is 0.09-0.1MPa, carry out wood vacuum impregnation process, the process time is 30min, and wherein the temperature in vacuum drying oven keeps consistent with room temperature；
(3) synthesis of resin in timber: after timber pickling has processed in step (2), by the temperature in vacuum drying oven to 45 DEG C in 10min, now proceed by additive reaction, response time is 5min, generates stable methylolurea, then in 30min by the temperature in vacuum drying oven to 83-87 DEG C, now proceed by polycondensation reaction, response time is 5h, generates based on methene key at wood internal, with the Lauxite of methylol group；
(4) dry improved wood: regulating vacuum drying the temperature inside the box to 101-105 DEG C, timber is dried process, the process time is 20h；
(5) cooling damping: close vacuum drying oven, when the temperature inside the box naturally cools to 40 DEG C, takes out timber and is placed in atmospheric environment, carry out conditioning, be 7-10% to moisture content, thus preparing new modified timber.
The new modified timberphysics mechanical test contrast experiment of embodiment 4
Present embodiments provide above-described embodiment 1-3 new modified timber prepared and the timberphysics mechanical test contrast experiment without modification.Test new modified timber and without the Deflection Modulus of Elasticity of timber of modification, bending strength, hardness, water absorption rate and volume contract with dry rate.Physical mechanics test experiments result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Be test result indicate that by table 1: the physical and mechanical property of embodiment 1-3 new modified timber after treatment compares the timber of unmodified process all raising in various degree.Particularly as follows: the timber of unmodified process compared by the new modified timber that embodiment 1 is after treatment, its Deflection Modulus of Elasticity adds 82.3%, and bending strength adds 11.5%, and hardness adds 96.2%, water absorption rate have dropped 48.55%, and volume contract with dry rate have dropped 31.46%；The timber of unmodified process compared by embodiment 2 new modified timber after treatment, its Deflection Modulus of Elasticity adds 144.7%, and bending strength adds 2.5%, and hardness adds 169.7%, water absorption rate have dropped 52.53%, and volume contract with dry rate have dropped 33.14%；The timber of unmodified process compared by embodiment 3 new modified timber after treatment, its Deflection Modulus of Elasticity adds 156.8%, and bending strength adds 1.1%, and hardness adds 110.7%, water absorption rate have dropped 39.76%, and volume contract with dry rate have dropped 32.36%.As can be seen here, the new modified timber that preparation method of the present invention prepares can be effectively improved the mechanical property of timber.
The new modified timber scanning electron microscope contrast experiment of embodiment 5
Present embodiments provide above-described embodiment 1-3 new modified timber prepared with without the timber scanning electron microscope contrast experiment of modification, by the scanning electron microscopic observation adhesive dipping effect at wood internal.Scanning electron microscope adopts S4800 type scanning electron microscope, scanning electron microscope contrast and experiment as it is shown in figure 1, (a) in Fig. 1 be embodiment 1 new modified timber scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph；The new modified timber scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph that (b) in Fig. 1 is embodiment 2；The new modified timber scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph that (c) in Fig. 1 is embodiment 3；(d) in Fig. 1 is the timber scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph without modification.
The scanning electron microscope contrast and experiment figure provided by Fig. 1 shows: through modified timber, (c) in (a) in Fig. 1, (b) in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is it can be seen that resin is attached in the lumen of timber in a large number；And without the timber of modification, shown in (d) in Fig. 1, have no whiteness and generate.As can be seen here, the monomer solutions such as low-molecular-weight formaldehyde, carbamide fully can be impregnated into wood internal by the preparation method of the present invention, and has synthesized urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive in timber, thus obtaining the new modified timber of the present invention.
In sum, the preparation method of new modified timber provided by the invention has that technique is simple to operation, cost consumption is low, urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive need not be prepared by special reactor and thermal source, just can complete the processes such as impregnation process-resins synthesis-improved wood only with vacuum drying oven, effect is notable；Can the monomers such as low-molecular-weight formaldehyde, carbamide be successfully introduced in timber, and then the Resin adhesive of synthesis high molecular, and react with hydrophilic hydroxyl groups in timber, finally improve the dimensional stability of timber, rotproofness and mechanical property；The new modified timber prepared possesses excellent dimensional stability, rotproofness and mechanical property.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a new modified timber, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of solution A: formalin and carbamide are hybridly prepared into solution, and add weak acid or acidic salt solution adjustment pH value to 4.5-5.0, obtain solution A；Wherein, the solute formaldehyde in formalin is 1.5:1-2:1 with the mol ratio of carbamide；
(2) vacuum impregnation timber: first timber is dried, then dried timber is immersed in solution A, and under the vacuum condition that vacuum is 0.09-0.1MPa, timber is carried out vacuum impregnation process, the time that vacuum impregnation processes is 20-40min, and temperature when vacuum impregnation processes keeps consistent with room temperature；
(3) synthesis of resin in timber: the timber in step (2) is after vacuum impregnation has processed, 43-47 DEG C it is warming up in 10-15min, carry out additive reaction, response time is 5-10min, then in 25-35min, 83-87 DEG C it is warming up to, carrying out polycondensation reaction, the response time is 5-6h；
(4) dry improved wood: continuing to adjust the temperature to 101-105 DEG C, the timber after polycondensation reaction is dried process, the process time is 18-24h；
(5) cooling damping: the timber after dried is naturally cooled to 40-60 DEG C, is subsequently placed in atmospheric environment, carry out conditioning, be 7-10% to moisture content, thus preparing new modified timber.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described timber includes broadleaf and/or softwood.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described broadleaf includes one or more the combination in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride poplar, Xinjiang poplar and Beijing Poplar；Described softwood is Pinus sylvestnis var. mongolica Litv..
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), during preparation solution A, temperature controls at-5-1 DEG C.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2), the temperature that vacuum impregnation processes is 15-20 DEG C.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), described weak acid includes one or more the combination in formic acid, oxalic acid and citric acid；Described acidic salt solution includes one or more the combination in ammonium chloride solution, ammonium sulfate, ammonium ferric sulfate solution and aniline hydrochloride solution；Preferably, the mass percent concentration of described ammonium chloride solution is 10%.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2), the moisture content of dried timber is 3-6%.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2), step (3) and step (4), the equipment processing timber is vacuum drying oven.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), the mass percent concentration of described formalin is 37%；The purity of described carbamide is 99%.
10. the new modified timber that the preparation method of the new modified timber described in claim 1-9 any one prepares.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106113186A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-16 | 南京博俊新材料有限公司 | A kind of method of Wooden modifying |
| CN108582347A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-28 | 张建华 | A kind of improved wood and preparation method thereof |
| CN111308057A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-06-19 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Method for determining wood section processing conditions for veneer cutting and evaluating processing effect |
| CN111483033A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-04 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Method for preparing recombined bamboo by adopting radial bamboo skin and recombined bamboo obtained by method |
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| CN103600389A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-26 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for reinforcing wood in solid wood through micromolecule phenolic aldehyde monomers |
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| CN1058166A (en) * | 1990-07-17 | 1992-01-29 | 单晓革 | The processing method of cross section hard wooden floor block |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106113186A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-16 | 南京博俊新材料有限公司 | A kind of method of Wooden modifying |
| CN108582347A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-28 | 张建华 | A kind of improved wood and preparation method thereof |
| CN108582347B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2020-07-07 | 浙江龙达实业股份有限公司 | Modified wood and preparation method thereof |
| CN111308057A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-06-19 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Method for determining wood section processing conditions for veneer cutting and evaluating processing effect |
| CN111308057B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2022-02-15 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Method for determining wood section processing conditions for veneer cutting and evaluating processing effect |
| CN111483033A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-04 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Method for preparing recombined bamboo by adopting radial bamboo skin and recombined bamboo obtained by method |
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