CN105750426B - Magnesium alloy profiles high temperature is pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system - Google Patents

Magnesium alloy profiles high temperature is pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system Download PDF

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CN105750426B
CN105750426B CN201410797596.2A CN201410797596A CN105750426B CN 105750426 B CN105750426 B CN 105750426B CN 201410797596 A CN201410797596 A CN 201410797596A CN 105750426 B CN105750426 B CN 105750426B
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magnesium alloy
moist closet
alloy profiles
shears
stretched
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CN105750426A (en
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张奎
李兴刚
李永军
石国梁
马鸣龙
袁家伟
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GRIMN Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Beijing General Research Institute for Non Ferrous Metals
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of magnesium alloy profiles high temperature to be pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system, including low-voltage direct high-current supply, wire, clamp, thermocouple, moist closet and shears;Wherein, the both positive and negative polarity of low-voltage direct high-current supply is connected magnesium alloy profiles both ends with clamp by wire and forms loop;It is in close contact in thermocouple insertion moist closet with magnesium alloy profiles;Moist closet is fixed on shears, and the shears is realized by hydraulic means and lifted.The present invention uses low-voltage direct high current heating technique, high current is set directly by magnesium alloy profiles, to cause joule heating effect using the resistance of magnesium alloy profiles itself, realization is rapidly heated, heating-up temperature can be controlled in 0.5 15min in 90 300 DEG C of selections, heat time.The present invention is simple in construction, easy to use, and section bar can be uniformly heated to higher temperature in a short time, magnesium alloy profiles are pre-stretched at high temperature, so as to avoid being broken and obtain larger pre-stretching amount.

Description

Magnesium alloy profiles high temperature is pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnesium alloy profiles high temperature to be pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system, belongs to metal material processing technology neck Domain.
Background technology
Pre-stretching can not only align section bar, and can effectively eliminate residual stress, be a key of shape production Link.Pre-stretching is generally carried out at room temperature, and pretensioning device does not possess heating function generally.With aluminium alloy (fcc structure) phase Than the temperature-room type plasticity of conventional wrought magnesium alloy (hcp structures) section bar is relatively low, and this temperature-room type plasticity for being primarily due to magnesium alloy becomes Shape is confined to basal plane { 0001 } < 11-20 > slidings and the conical surface { 10-12 } < 10-11 > are twin, so as to cause more grained magnesium alloys to be not easy Produce macroscopic yield and big stress concentration is easily produced in crystal boundary.When compound segregation in section bar tissue be present, its plasticity Also can further reduce.
Inventor has found in the industrialized production of the heat resistance magnesium alloy section bar of high rare-earth content:Room temperature is pre-stretched aligning An important factor for restricting yield rate at present, the relatively low temperature-room type plasticity of magnesium alloy easily cause fracture and thing followed resilience curved Thus song, substantial amounts of waste product produce, human and material resources that early stage puts into the processes such as melting, heat treatment and extruding and financial resources with Waste.Test result indicates that:The plasticity of magnesium alloy is raised and increased with temperature, because with the rise of temperature, non-basal plane is slided The critical decomposition shearing stress rapid decrease of shifting, has more slip systems and starts.Therefore, can be at high temperature to magnesium alloy profiles It is pre-stretched, so as to avoid being broken and obtain larger pre-stretching amount.In addition, magnesium alloy profiles generally require artificial aging, Aging furnace can be passed directly to after high temperature pre-stretching, can be with the effectively save energy.The difficult point of the technology is:How quick liter is realized Temperature is so as to weakening Precipitation or plasticity declines caused by crystal grain is grown up.
The content of the invention
Based on this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of magnesium alloy profiles high temperature to be pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system, is used for Magnesium alloy profiles are heated rapidly to predetermined temperature, magnesium alloy profiles are pre-stretched at high temperature, so as to avoid fracture simultaneously Obtain larger pre-stretching amount.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme:
A kind of magnesium alloy profiles high temperature is pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system, including low-voltage direct high-current supply, wire, folder Pincers, thermocouple, moist closet and shears;Wherein, the both positive and negative polarity of low-voltage direct high-current supply is connected by wire with clamp Magnesium alloy profiles both ends form loop;It is in close contact in thermocouple insertion moist closet with magnesium alloy profiles;Moist closet is fixed on liter Drop on bracket, the shears is realized by hydraulic means and lifted.
Preferably, the moist closet is made up of bottom plate and cover lid, and cover covers the hole provided with the insertion of heat supply galvanic couple, and bottom plate is fixed On shears, it is connected through the hinge between bottom plate and cover lid.
Moist closet can be formed by multiple members, and section number is determined according to profile length.The insulation of each section Room is made up of bottom plate and cover lid respectively, and bottom plate is fixed on shears, and cover lid is connected through the hinge with bottom plate, can be used certainly The automatic open-close motion for realizing cover lid is put in dynamic makeup.The length of the single section of moist closet is preferably 0.5-1.5m, its interior chamber size Determined according to section bar section shape and size, the spacing between adjacent sections is 5mm.In addition, the cover lid of each section opens one Hole, for plugging in thermocouple.The moist closet is double-layer structure, and internal layer is insulating heat insulating material, and outer layer is steel plate.
In the automotive quick-heat system of the present invention, each property for forming part and effect are as follows:
1. the power and electric current of low-voltage direct high-current supply determine as follows:
Power P is determined by formula 1:
(formula 1)
Wherein:M is section quality (Kg), and C is material specific heat capacity (J/KgK), and Δ T is temperature rise (K), and t is the heating-up time (s), η is radiating efficiency.
Electric current is calculated by formula 2:
(formula 2)
Wherein, R is the resistance of section bar, and R is calculated by formula 3:
(formula 3)
Wherein, ρ is resistivity, and L is profile length, and S accumulates for transverse section of section material.
2. wire is used to section bar both ends being connected with power positive cathode, composition loop, wire stylet stranded copper wire coiling, according to Sectional area of wire is determined according to current value.
3. clamp is in close contact with section bar, electric current is set stably to pass through section bar.
4. thermocouple contacts with section bar, section bar temperature is gathered in real time, temperature signal is supplied to whistle control system, control The break-make of power supply, thermocouple head end need to install insulation protective jacket additional.
5. moist closet is used to reduce the temperature rise period and the temperature of draw stage is scattered and disappeared, in heating and draw stage, section bar removes Outside chuck, remainder is located inside moist closet.
6. shears is located between two bare terminal ends of pre-stretching machine, for lifting section bar, is realized and risen by hydraulic means Drop motion.In the present invention, shears bottom is hydraulic lifting arm, and top is a section of moist closet.
The advantage of the invention is that:
The present invention uses low-voltage direct high current heating technique, high current directly by magnesium alloy profiles, is closed using magnesium The metal type material resistance of itself causes joule heating effect, and realization is rapidly heated, and heating-up temperature can be in 90-300 DEG C of selection, heat time It can be controlled in 0.5-15min.
The present invention is simple in construction, easy to use, section bar can be uniformly heated to higher temperature in a short time, in high temperature Under magnesium alloy profiles are pre-stretched, so as to avoid being broken and obtain larger pre-stretching amount.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that magnesium alloy profiles high temperature of the present invention is pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in figure 1, the magnesium alloy profiles high temperature pre-stretching automotive quick-heat system of the present invention is arranged on the two of pre-stretching machine Between individual bare terminal end, two bare terminal ends one for being pre-stretched machine are fixing end 1, and one is movable end 11, fixing end 1 and movable end 11 are respectively provided with jaw 2.The automotive quick-heat system includes low-voltage direct high-current supply 3, wire 4, clamp 5, thermocouple 6, insulation Room 7 and shears 8;Wherein, the both positive and negative polarity of low-voltage direct high-current supply 3 connects magnesium alloy profiles by wire 4 and clamp 5 Both ends form loop;Thermocouple 6 is inserted in moist closet 7 and is in close contact with magnesium alloy profiles 9;Moist closet 7 is by multiple members Forming, the moist closet of each section is separately made up of bottom plate 10 and cover lid 12, and bottom plate 10 is fixed on shears 8, Bottom plate is connected through the hinge with cover lid, and automation equipment can be used to realize the automatic open-close motion of cover lid.Shears 8 passes through Hydraulic means realizes lifting.Cover lid 12 is provided with the hole of heat supply galvanic couple insertion, and bottom plate is fixed on shears, and bottom plate covers with cover Between be connected through the hinge.The bottom plate and cover lid of each section moist closet are double-layer structure, and internal layer is insulating heat insulating material, outside Layer is steel plate.The length of the single section of moist closet is preferably 0.5-1.5m, and the spacing of two neighboring section is 5mm.Each section Cover cover provided with being used to insert the hole of thermocouple 5.
The application method that the automotive quick-heat system is used for the pre-stretching of magnesium alloy profiles high temperature is as follows:
1. adjusting the distance between pre-stretching two bare terminal ends of machine, the distance is more than profile length, and does not influence lifting support The rise of frame and moist closet;2. according to the number of profile length selection moist closet section, shears does ascending motion, drives and protects Greenhouse is risen, and the jaw of the machine of pre-stretching is opened, and makes upper surface and the pre-stretching machine bare terminal end lower jaw of moist closet lower raft Upper surface on a horizontal line, the cover lid of moist closet is opened;3. section bar is placed on the bottom plate of moist closet, insulation is closed The cover lid of room, section bar retaining part are exposed at outside moist closet, ensure that section bar separates with stretching-machine, by thermocouple insertion positioned at centre Moist closet section;4. firmly being connected wire and section bar both ends by clamp, heating-up temperature is set, switches on power, makes section bar Start to warm up, to temperature after deenergization;5. carrying out high temperature pre-stretching, two bare terminal ends one for being pre-stretched machine are fixing end, one Individual is movable end, and the moist closet close to movable end is declined by shears, and activity space, movable end jaw are reserved to movable end Clamping section first, then the section bar other end is sent into fixing end jaw, fixing end jaw is clamped, then stretched, essence True restrained stretching amount;6. pre-stretching terminates, the cover lid of moist closet is opened, section bar is transferred to aging furnace.
Embodiment
EW75 (Mg-7wt.%Gd-5wt.%Y-1.5wt.%Nd-0.5wt.%Zr) is a kind of high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy. During producing 300mm × 25mm EW75 section bars using extrusion, section bar, which goes out, implements rapidly online water cooling after die orifice, to retain High density dislocation simultaneously effectively avoids alloying element precipitation, so as to carry out tissue preparation, but online water cooling band for subsequent artefacts' timeliness Larger quenched residual stress is carried out, thus must have been eliminated by being pre-stretched.Because EW75 alloying element content reaches It is difficult to the compound segregation for thoroughly eliminating bulk to 14wt.%, during melting, these segregants are left in extrudate, seriously The temperature-room type plasticity of section bar is reduced, causes room temperature to be ftractureed when being pre-stretched, cracking has caused area's bullet curved, wastes lot of materials.There will be The section bar of serious compound segregation is excluded by A level ultrasonic examinations, and remaining is using automotive quick-heat system pair of the invention It implements high temperature prestretching stretching process, and implementation process is as follows:
1. section carries out sawing after terminating for 300mm × 25mm EW75 profile extrusions, the length for making pre-stretching section bar is 8m, wherein, section bar both ends 600mm scopes are as clamping zone.When high temperature is pre-stretched, the heating-up time is less than 5min, temperature 200 ℃.If room temperature is 20 DEG C.
2. determine the power P (W) and electric current I (A) of low-voltage direct high-current supply:
Power is calculated according to formula 1, it is known that:Section quality m=114 (Kg), specific heat capacity C are about 960 (J/Kg K), temperature rise Δ T is 180 (K), and heating-up time t is 300 (s), and radiating efficiency η is 10%, then:
Section bar resistance is sought according to formula 3, it is known that:If electricalresistivityρ during 200 DEG C of EW75 alloys is about 7 × 10-7Ω m, type Material length L is 8m, and transverse section of section material product S is 7.5 × 10-3m2
Electric current is calculated by formula 2:
Power parameter is determined according to above-mentioned result of calculation:Electric current 10000A;Voltage 8V.
3. adjusting the distance between pre-stretching two bare terminal ends of machine, profile length is larger than, and do not influence shears With the rise of moist closet;
4. bit is opened;Single moist closet section length is set to 1m, and using 5 sections, shears, which is done, to be risen Motion, drive moist closet to rise, make upper surface and the bare terminal end lower jaw upper surface of bottom plate of moist closet on a horizontal line, The cover lid of moist closet is opened by automation equipment;
5. section bar is placed on the bottom plate of moist closet, the cover lid of moist closet, section bar clamping part are closed by automation equipment Position is exposed at outside moist closet, ensures that section bar does not contact with pre-stretching machine, by thermocouple insertion positioned at middle moist closet section;
6. firmly being connected wire and section bar both ends by clamp, 200 DEG C of heating-up temperature is set, switches on power, makes section bar Heating, to temperature after deenergization;
7. carrying out high temperature pre-stretching, a moist closet section close to movable end is declined by shears, to movable end Activity space, movable end jaw clamping section first are reserved, then the section bar other end is sent into fixing end jaw, fixing end jaw enters Row clamping, is then stretched, accurate restrained stretching amount;
8. pre-stretching terminates, the cover lid of moist closet is opened, section bar is transferred to aging furnace.
Magnesium alloy profiles quickly can be heated to by pre- temperature using the automotive quick-heat system of the present invention, height is carried out to it Temperature pre-stretching can effectively lift section bar plasticity, reduce and ftracture and lifted pre-stretching amount.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of magnesium alloy profiles high temperature is pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system, it is characterised in that including low-voltage direct high-current supply, Wire, clamp, thermocouple, moist closet and shears;Wherein, the both positive and negative polarity of low-voltage direct high-current supply passes through wire and folder Clipper joint magnesium alloy profiles both ends form loop;Moist closet is fixed on shears, and the shears is real by hydraulic means Now lift;It is in close contact in thermocouple insertion moist closet with magnesium alloy profiles;The moist closet is formed by multiple members, often The moist closet of individual section is made up of bottom plate and cover lid respectively, and bottom plate is fixed on shears, and cover lid is connected with bottom plate by hinge Connect;The length of the single section of moist closet is 0.5-1.5m, and the spacing of two neighboring section is 5mm.
2. magnesium alloy profiles high temperature according to claim 1 is pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system, it is characterised in that each section Cover cover provided with being used to insert the hole of thermocouple.
3. magnesium alloy profiles high temperature according to claim 1 or 2 is pre-stretched automotive quick-heat system, it is characterised in that described Moist closet is double-layer structure, and internal layer is insulating heat insulating material, and outer layer is steel plate.
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CN107574393A (en) * 2017-10-27 2018-01-12 山东省科学院新材料研究所 A kind of magnesium alloy long and straight type material burning optimization on line straightener and method for aligning
CN108693046A (en) * 2018-05-02 2018-10-23 中广核研究院有限公司 Device for quickly elevating temperature for metal tube explosion bulge test and the method that is rapidly heated
CN108941306B (en) * 2018-06-13 2020-06-26 华中科技大学 Amorphous alloy steam explosion impact thermoforming method
CN111250566A (en) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-09 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Stretching straightening machine
CN114433653B (en) * 2020-11-02 2023-04-21 宝钢金属有限公司 Thermal straightening and aging integrated treatment method for magnesium alloy extruded profile
CN114683000B (en) * 2021-05-27 2023-11-17 江苏瑞吉达建材科技有限公司 Preparation method of corrosion-resistant double-curvature aluminum alloy plate
CN113484127A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-10-08 合肥原位科技有限公司 Instantaneous ultra-high temperature vacuum platform device

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Patentee before: General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals