CN105749809A - Device for synthesizing diamond crystals through metal electric explosion effect - Google Patents
Device for synthesizing diamond crystals through metal electric explosion effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN105749809A CN105749809A CN201610186954.5A CN201610186954A CN105749809A CN 105749809 A CN105749809 A CN 105749809A CN 201610186954 A CN201610186954 A CN 201610186954A CN 105749809 A CN105749809 A CN 105749809A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/06—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
- B01J3/08—Application of shock waves for chemical reactions or for modifying the crystal structure of substances
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2203/00—Processes utilising sub- or super atmospheric pressure
- B01J2203/06—High pressure synthesis
- B01J2203/065—Composition of the material produced
- B01J2203/0655—Diamond
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Abstract
A device for synthesizing diamond crystals through the metal electric explosion effect comprises N discharge units, a time schedule controller (S1), an electric explosion chamber and a graphite assembly.N is a positive integer larger than 1 and smaller than 16.The N discharge units are connected in parallel, positive electrodes of the discharge units are connected with an upper discharge electrode (S110) of the electric explosion chamber, and negative electrodes of the discharge units are connected with a lower discharge electrode (S118) of the electric explosion chamber.The graphite assembly is located between the upper discharge electrode (S110) and the lower discharge electrode (S118).The time schedule controller (S1) is connected with the control end of a discharge switch in each discharge unit.Each discharge unit comprises an energy storage capacitor, a discharge switch, a current-limiting inductor and a fly-wheel diode.The positive end of each energy storage capacitor is connected with a positive electrode of the corresponding discharge switch, a negative electrode of each discharge switch is connected with a negative electrode of the corresponding fly-wheel diode, and a positive electrode of each fly-wheel diode is connected with the negative end of the corresponding energy storage capacitor.One end of each current-limiting inductor is connected with a negative electrode of the corresponding discharge switch, and the other end of each current-limiting inductor serves as the positive electrode of the corresponding discharge unit.The negative end of each energy storage capacitor serves as the negative electrode of the corresponding discharge unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to artificially synthesizing diamond crystal technology field, be specifically related to a kind of device utilizing Metal Explosion effect diamond synthesis.
Background technology
At present in industrial application, the method for artificially synthesizing diamond mainly has high temperature static pressure method and explosive detonation method.Wherein explosive detonation method produces high temperature and strong shock wave in explosive charge process, and graphite becomes diamond particle mutually under fast-changing High Temperature High Pressure physical condition.But, there is explosive storage, the safety problem brought in explosive work progress in current explosive detonation method, uses and be subject to various restriction.Explosive charge belongs to chemical energy simultaneously, and the release process of explosive energy cannot obtain artificial control, it is impossible in blast process, graphite diamond synthesis process is carried out manual intervention.
Chinese patent CN87206258 discloses the spherical device of a kind of explosion synthesis of diamond, including detonator, steel ball shell, the spherical blasting charge, reaction material etc..Chinese patent CN2331413 discloses the device of a kind of synthesising diamond micropowder by explosion, is made up of detonator, plane wave generator, main explosive column, film flying, graphite flake, supporting plate, pond.They are all utilize explosive charge generation gases at high pressure and pinking shock wave to form High Temperature High Pressure to make reaction material sinter diamond into.They are except having foregoing shortcoming, also have owing to explosive charge is disposable, not reproducible, not enough so that when carbon atom produces strong diffusion, conversion ratio can be caused seriously to reduce or convert unsuccessfully when the high pressure persistent period.
When cylindrical metallic body flows through big electric current, the substantial amounts of Joule heat that metallic object can produce makes metal melt vaporization quickly become high-temperature metal steam.Cylindrical metallic steam rapid expanding, can radiate powerful shock wave in cylindrical metallic body inner side and outer side.Metal occurs like the physical process of explosive charge under the big function of current, utilizes the High Temperature High Pressure phenomenon that this Metal Explosion effect produces, it is possible to carry out the process of artificially synthesizing diamond microgranule.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome existing explosive charge technology cannot finely control explosion energy, the shortcoming that diamond synthesis crystal grain is too little, it is proposed to a kind of device utilizing Metal Explosion effect artificially synthesizing diamond crystal.
The present invention includes N road discharge cell, for controlling the discharge cell electric discharge time schedule controller of sequential, discharge-induced explosion room and including the graphite components of metal level, N is the positive integer more than 1 less than 16.Each road discharge cell is parallel with one another；The positive pole of discharge cell is connected with the upper sparking electrode of discharge-induced explosion room, and negative pole is connected with the lower sparking electrode of discharge-induced explosion room；Graphite components is placed between sparking electrode and lower sparking electrode；Time schedule controller is connected with the control end of discharge switch in the discharge cell of every road respectively.Each road discharge cell includes storage capacitor, discharge switch, current-limiting inductance and fly-wheel diode；The anode of described storage capacitor connects the positive pole of described discharge switch, and the negative pole of described discharge switch is connected with the negative pole of fly-wheel diode, and the positive pole of fly-wheel diode is connected to the negative terminal of storage capacitor；One end of described current-limiting inductance is connected with the negative pole of discharge switch, and the other end is as the positive pole of discharge cell；The negative terminal of storage capacitor is as the negative pole of discharge cell.The structure of N road discharge cell is identical.
The anode of described discharge cell storage capacitor is connected to the upper sparking electrode of discharge-induced explosion room through discharge switch, current-limiting inductance, and the negative terminal of described storage capacitor is connected to the lower sparking electrode of discharge-induced explosion room；The negative electrode of fly-wheel diode is connected between discharge switch and current-limiting inductance, and the anode of fly-wheel diode is connected to the negative terminal of storage capacitor.
Discharge-induced explosion room includes upper locking nut, upper insulation cover plate, upper sparking electrode insulation support plate, upper clamping screw, insulation supporting cylinder, lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe, lower insulation cover plate, lower locking nut, upper sparking electrode locking nut, upper sparking electrode, upper round insulation pad, upper annular insulating mat sheet, lower annular insulating mat sheet, lower round insulation pad, lower sparking electrode and lower locking nut.Insulation supporting cylinder is positioned at the central authorities of discharge-induced explosion room, and the upper end of insulation supporting cylinder is coated with sparking electrode insulation support plate, and the upper surface of upper sparking electrode insulation support plate is coated with insulation cover plate, and the central authorities of upper sparking electrode insulation support plate insert upper sparking electrode.The lower end of insulation supporting cylinder is lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe, and the bottom surface of lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe is coated with lower insulation cover plate, inserts lower sparking electrode in the middle of lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe.4 through holes being arranged in the upper sparking electrode insulation support plate of insulation supporting cylinder, upper insulation cover plate, lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe and lower insulation cover plate insert 4 clamping screws, by upper locking nut and lower locking nut, upper sparking electrode locking nut and the fastening of lower sparking electrode locking nut.Upper sparking electrode and the lower sparking electrode of discharge-induced explosion room are connected with the positive output end of discharge cell and negative output terminal respectively.
It is placed with graphite components between upper sparking electrode and lower sparking electrode.Graphite components includes graphite tube, cylindrical metal conductor layer and graphite rod.The upper sparking electrode of discharge-induced explosion room and lower sparking electrode with graphite components metal conductor layer be connected.It is placed with annular insulating mat sheet between upper sparking electrode and graphite tube, between upper sparking electrode and graphite rod, is placed with round insulation pad；Lower annular insulating mat sheet of placing between sparking electrode and graphite tube, lower placement round insulation pad between sparking electrode and graphite rod.Upper sparking electrode, lower sparking electrode and graphite components are arranged in insulation supporting cylinder, are fixed by upper insulation support plate, upper insulation cover plate, lower insulation support plate, lower insulation cover plate and four clamping screws.
Graphite tube and graphite rod can be made up of the graphite material of purity more than 99%, or become by the graphite material system containing metal catalyst particles.
The work process of the present invention is as follows:
First, by charger, the storage capacitor of N road discharge cell is charged, stores electric energy, utilize discharge switch and current-limiting inductance to load parallel discharge, improve discharge current.
Secondly, by time schedule controller, every way switch is carried out sequencing contro, change the overlay order of discharge current, control the persistent period of discharge current.
Then, the graphite components including metal conductor layer is discharged by the storage capacitor of N road discharge cell, hundreds of kilo-amperes, the big electric current of hundreds of microseconds flows through metallic conductor, causes metallic conductor to produce substantial amounts of Joule heat, and metallic conductor melts rapidly vaporization, the metallic vapour produced discharges substantial amounts of heat, forming the high-temperature area of local, the metallic vapour rapid expanding of high temperature, forms high shock wave pressure in graphite body simultaneously.
Graphite can become diamond mutually under certain high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
Adopt apparatus of the present invention can produce enough high temperature and high pressures, reach the phase change conditions of graphite phase transformation diamond.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall technological scheme schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the Metal Explosion cell structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the graphite components perspective cross section schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the upper sparking electrode insulation support plate profile of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the upper sparking electrode of the present invention, lower discharge electrode structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the insulation cover plate top view of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
The present invention includes N road discharge cell, and for controlling the time schedule controller S1 of some roads discharge cell electric discharge sequential, discharge-induced explosion room and the graphite components including metal conductor layer, N is the positive integer more than 1 less than 16.N road discharge cell is in parallel, and the positive pole of discharge cell is connected with the upper sparking electrode S110 of discharge-induced explosion room, and the negative pole of discharge cell is connected with the lower sparking electrode S118 of discharge-induced explosion room；Graphite components is placed between sparking electrode S110 and lower sparking electrode S118.Time schedule controller S1 is connected with the control end of discharge switch in the discharge cell of every road respectively.
Each road discharge cell includes storage capacitor, discharge switch, current-limiting inductance and fly-wheel diode.The anode of described storage capacitor connects the positive pole of discharge switch, and the negative pole of discharge switch is connected with the negative pole of fly-wheel diode, and the positive pole of fly-wheel diode is connected to the negative terminal of storage capacitor.One end of current-limiting inductance is connected with the negative pole of discharge switch, and the other end of current-limiting inductance is as the positive pole of discharge cell.The negative terminal of storage capacitor is as the negative pole of discharge cell.
The structure of N road discharge cell is identical.
As it is shown in figure 1, the first discharge cell 1 is made up of the first storage capacitor S2, the first discharge switch S3, the first current-limiting inductance S5 and the first fly-wheel diode S4.Second discharge cell 2 is made up of the second storage capacitor S6, the second discharge switch S7, the second current-limiting inductance S9 and the second fly-wheel diode S8.3rd discharge cell 3 is made up of the 3rd storage capacitor S10, the 3rd discharge switch S11, the 4th current-limiting inductance S13 and the four fly-wheel diode S12.N discharge cell N is made up of N storage capacitor S14, N discharge switch S15, N current-limiting inductance S17 and N fly-wheel diode S16.
As it is shown in figure 1, the positive pole of the first storage capacitor S2 connects the input of the first discharge switch S3, the outfan of the first discharge switch S3 connects the input of the first current-limiting inductance S5, and the outfan of the first current-limiting inductance S5 is as the positive output end of the first discharge cell 1.The negative pole of the first storage capacitor S2 is directly as the negative output terminal of the first discharge cell 1.The negative electrode of the first fly-wheel diode S4 connects the input of the first current-limiting inductance S5, and the anode of the first fly-wheel diode S4 connects the negative pole of the first storage capacitor S2.The positive output end of N number of discharge cell is connected in parallel, and is connected to the upper sparking electrode S109 of discharge-induced explosion room；The negative output terminal of N number of discharge cell is connected in parallel, and is connected on the lower sparking electrode S118 of discharge-induced explosion room.
As shown in Figure 2, described discharge-induced explosion room is column type symmetrical structure, including upper locking nut S101, upper insulation cover plate S102, upper sparking electrode insulation support plate S103, upper clamping screw S104, insulation supporting cylinder S105, lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe S106, lower insulation cover plate S107, lower locking nut S108, upper sparking electrode locking nut S109, upper sparking electrode S110, upper round insulation pad S111, upper annular insulating mat sheet S112, lower annular insulating mat sheet S116, lower round insulation pad S117, lower sparking electrode S118, and lower locking nut S119.
Discharge-induced explosion room is horizontally disposed.Insulation supporting cylinder S105 is positioned at the central authorities of discharge-induced explosion room, and graphite components is placed in insulation supporting cylinder S105.Upper sparking electrode insulation support plate S103 is positioned at the upper end of insulation supporting cylinder S105.Fig. 4 show the central authorities of sparking electrode insulation support plate S103, upper sparking electrode insulation support plate S103 and inserts upper sparking electrode S110, as shown in Figure 5.Upper insulation cover plate S102 is covered in the upper surface of sparking electrode insulation support plate S103, as shown in Figure 6.Lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe S106 is positioned at the lower end of insulation supporting cylinder S105, inserts lower sparking electrode S118 in the middle of lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe S106, and the bottom surface of lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe S106 is coated with lower insulation cover plate S107.Upper sparking electrode insulation support plate S103, upper insulation cover plate S102, lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe S106 and lower insulation cover plate S107 4 through holes in insert 4 clamping screw S104, fastened by upper locking nut S101 and lower locking nut S108, upper sparking electrode locking nut S109 and lower sparking electrode locking nut S119.The upper sparking electrode S110 and lower sparking electrode S118 of discharge-induced explosion room are connected with the positive output end of discharge cell and negative output terminal respectively.
The discharge switch of each road discharge cell is carried out sequencing contro by time schedule controller S1 respectively.
It is placed with graphite components between upper sparking electrode S110 and lower sparking electrode S118.Graphite components includes graphite tube S113, cylindrical metal conductor layer S114 and graphite rod S115.Upper sparking electrode S110 is connected with metal conductor layer S114 with lower sparking electrode S118；Annular insulating mat sheet S112 is placed between upper sparking electrode S110 and graphite tube S113, round insulation pad S111 it is placed with between upper sparking electrode S110 and graphite rod S115, place annular insulating mat sheet S116 between lower sparking electrode S118 and graphite tube S113, between lower sparking electrode S118 and graphite rod S115, be placed with round insulation pad S117.Upper sparking electrode S110, lower sparking electrode S118 and graphite components are arranged in the insulation supporting cylinder S105 of discharge-induced explosion room, are fixed by upper insulation support plate S103, upper insulation cover plate S102, lower insulation support plate S106, lower insulation cover plate S108 and four clamping screw S104.
As it is shown on figure 3, the outer layer of graphite components is graphite tube S113, intermediate layer is columnar metal conductor layer S114, and internal layer is graphite rod S115, and graphite tube S113, metal conductor layer S114 and graphite rod S115 are coaxial.Metal conductor layer S114 is higher than graphite tube S113 and graphite rod S115.
Storage capacitor in N number of discharge cell first passes through charger charging, and then storage capacitor disconnects with charger.Time schedule controller S1 is connected with the control end of discharge switch in the discharge cell of every road respectively, control the discharge switch Guan Bi in discharge cell, metal conductor layer in graphite components, by being connected in parallel after respective current-limiting inductance, is discharged by N number of storage capacitor through sparking electrode.Metallic conductor produces huge Joule heat after flowing through lasting big electric current, and rapid vaporization becomes metallic vapour, forms the High Temperature High Pressure region of local.When producing enough high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, graphite produces the physical process of phase transformation diamond.
Embodiment.
What adopt in the present embodiment is 6 groups of discharge cells.Often the storage capacitor capacity in group discharge cell is 2mF.The voltage of storage capacitor adds to 10kV.Discharge switch adopts large power thyristor assembly.Current-limiting inductance is 30uH.The short circuit dischange current peak of discharge cell is close to 100kA.6 groups of discharge cell electric discharge sequencing contro are spaced apart 100 equal microseconds.The peak point current 300kA of electric discharge.Graphite tube internal diameter is 6mm, and external diameter is 20mm, and metal conductor layer internal diameter is 5mm, external diameter 6mm, graphite rod diameter 5mm.Graphite tube and graphite rod height are 20mm, and metallic conductor layer height is 24mm.Graphite tube contains ferrum nickel metal powder and 70% graphite of 30%, and graphite rod is the graphite material of purity more than 99%.
Claims (6)
1. the device utilizing Metal Explosion effect diamond synthesis crystal, it is characterized in that, the device of described diamond synthesis crystal includes N road discharge cell, for controlling the time schedule controller (S1) of some roads discharge cell electric discharge sequential, discharge-induced explosion room and the graphite components including metal conductor layer, N is the positive integer more than 1 less than 16；N road discharge cell is in parallel；The positive pole of discharge cell is connected with the upper sparking electrode (S110) of discharge-induced explosion room, and the negative pole of discharge cell is connected with the lower sparking electrode (S118) of discharge-induced explosion room；Graphite components is placed between sparking electrode (S110) and lower sparking electrode (S118)；Time schedule controller (S1) is connected with the control end of discharge switch in the discharge cell of every road respectively；Each road discharge cell includes storage capacitor, discharge switch, current-limiting inductance, fly-wheel diode；The anode of described storage capacitor connects the positive pole of discharge switch, the negative pole of discharge switch is connected with the negative pole of fly-wheel diode, the positive pole of fly-wheel diode is connected to the negative terminal of storage capacitor, current-limiting inductance one end is connected with the negative pole of discharge switch, the other end is as the positive pole of discharge cell, and the negative terminal of storage capacitor is as the negative pole of discharge cell；The structure of N road discharge cell is identical.
2. the device utilizing Metal Explosion effect diamond synthesis crystal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described discharge-induced explosion room is column type symmetrical structure, horizontally disposed；Insulation supporting cylinder (S105) is positioned at the central authorities of discharge-induced explosion room, and graphite components is placed in insulation supporting cylinder (S105)；Upper sparking electrode insulation support plate (S103) is positioned at the upper end of insulation supporting cylinder (S105)；The central authorities of upper sparking electrode insulation support plate (S103) insert upper sparking electrode (S110)；Upper insulation cover plate (S102) is covered in the upper surface of sparking electrode insulation support plate (S103)；Lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe (S106) is positioned at the lower end of insulation supporting cylinder (S105), and the central authorities of lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe (S106) insert lower sparking electrode (S118)；The bottom surface of lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe (S106) is coated with lower insulation cover plate (S107)；4 through holes of upper sparking electrode insulation support plate (S103), upper insulation cover plate (S102), lower electric discharge electrode insulation gripper shoe (S106) and lower insulation cover plate (S107) insert 4 clamping screws (S104), are fastened by upper locking nut (S101), lower locking nut (S108), upper sparking electrode locking nut (S109) and lower sparking electrode locking nut (S119)；Upper sparking electrode (S110) and lower sparking electrode (S118) are connected with the positive output end of discharge cell and negative output terminal respectively；The discharge switch of each road discharge cell is carried out sequencing contro by time schedule controller (S).
3. the device utilizing Metal Explosion effect diamond synthesis crystal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described graphite components includes graphite tube (S113), cylindrical metal conductor layer (S114) and graphite rod (S115)；Upper sparking electrode (S110) is connected with metal conductor layer (S114) with lower discharge electrode (S118)；Annular insulating mat sheet (S112) is placed between upper sparking electrode (S110) and graphite tube (S113), round insulation pad (S111) it is placed with between upper sparking electrode (S110) and graphite rod (S115), place annular insulating mat sheet (S116) between lower sparking electrode (S118) and graphite tube (S113), between lower sparking electrode (S118) and graphite rod (S115), be placed with round insulation pad (S117)；Upper sparking electrode (S110), lower sparking electrode (S118) and graphite components are arranged in the capacitive insulation support tube (S105) of discharge-induced explosion room, are fixed by upper insulation support plate (S103), upper insulation cover plate (S102), lower insulation support plate (S106), lower insulation cover plate (S108) and four clamping screws (S104).
4. the device utilizing Metal Explosion effect diamond synthesis crystal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the outer layer of described graphite components is graphite tube (S113), intermediate layer is columnar metal conductor layer (S114), internal layer is graphite rod (S115), and graphite tube (S113), metal conductor layer (S114) and graphite rod (S115) are coaxial；Metal conductor layer (S114) is higher than graphite tube (S113) and graphite rod (S115).
5. the device utilizing Metal Explosion effect diamond synthesis crystal according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, graphite body that described graphite tube (S113) and graphite rod (S115) are purity more than 99% or the graphite body containing metal catalyst particles.
6. the device utilizing Metal Explosion effect diamond synthesis crystal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the storage capacitor in N number of described discharge cell first passes through charger charging, and then storage capacitor disconnects with charger；Time schedule controller (S1) is connected with the control end of discharge switch in the discharge cell of every road, control the Guan Bi of discharge switch, metal conductor layer in graphite components, by being connected in parallel after respective current-limiting inductance, is discharged by N number of storage capacitor through sparking electrode；After metallic conductor flows through lasting big electric current, producing Joule heat, rapid vaporization becomes metallic vapour, forms the High Temperature High Pressure region of local；When producing enough high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, graphite produces the physical process of phase transformation diamond.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610186954.5A CN105749809B (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | A kind of device using Metal Explosion effect diamond synthesis crystal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610186954.5A CN105749809B (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | A kind of device using Metal Explosion effect diamond synthesis crystal |
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| CN105749809A true CN105749809A (en) | 2016-07-13 |
| CN105749809B CN105749809B (en) | 2018-01-09 |
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| CN201610186954.5A Expired - Fee Related CN105749809B (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | A kind of device using Metal Explosion effect diamond synthesis crystal |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130224488A1 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2013-08-29 | Innovnano - Materiais Avancados, S.A. | Process for nanomaterial synthesis from the preparation and detonation of an emulsion, products and emulsions thereof |
| CN104028171A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-10 | 大连理工大学 | Detonation preparation method for alumina-adhered diamond nano composite particle material |
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2016
- 2016-03-29 CN CN201610186954.5A patent/CN105749809B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130224488A1 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2013-08-29 | Innovnano - Materiais Avancados, S.A. | Process for nanomaterial synthesis from the preparation and detonation of an emulsion, products and emulsions thereof |
| CN104028171A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-10 | 大连理工大学 | Detonation preparation method for alumina-adhered diamond nano composite particle material |
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Granted publication date: 20180109 |