CN105743555B - One kind divides formula distribution antenna launching beam to optimize forming method - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind, and formula distribution antenna launching beam to be divided to optimize forming method, mainly solves the problems such as prior art complexity is high, stability is poor, realization is inconvenient.Divide formula distribution antenna launching beam to optimize forming method, is as follows：（1）Every transmitting antenna corresponds to a transmitting branch, and each transmitting branch inputs baseband signal；（2）Baseband signal is decomposed into I/Q base band components；（3）I/Q base band components are sent out after radio-frequency modulations and amplification by transmitting antenna；（4）Receiving terminal feedback information optimizes and revises I/Q base band components to transmitting terminal, according to feedback information；（5）The I/Q base band components of each transmitting branch are after multiple iteration optimization, radio-frequency modulations, amplification, transmitting, feedback adjustment so that the modulated signal of transmitting finally realizes that phase is consistent, is consequently formed launching beam in receiving terminal；Step（4）In optimize and revise the methods of I/Q base band components and be：Adjustment only carries out on a transmitting antenna each time, and adjustment finishes the lower antenna of rear steering and adjusts in succession, and cycle carries out incessantly successively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna transmission beam forming, in particular to a method for optimally forming a transmission beam of a split-ranging distributed antenna.
Background
In order to enable a virtual antenna array consisting of transmitting antennas distributed discretely in geographical positions to perform stable and reliable communication with a remote receiver, the core technical point is that radio frequency signals of the transmitting antennas in the virtual antenna array are in phase consistency at a receiving end.
In the prior art, a technical scheme for achieving phase consistency of radio frequency signals of each transmitting antenna in a virtual antenna array at a receiving end is to adopt a feedback random disturbance method, specifically: firstly, adding a group of random disturbance phase values of radio frequency signals on all transmitting antennas of a distributed virtual antenna array; then, all transmitting antennas of the transmitting end transmit radio frequency signals with the same frequency but different phases to the receiving end at the same time; after receiving the signal, the receiving end feeds back a one-bit binary information to the transmitting end to indicate whether the strength of the received signal is increased or decreased. The transmitting antenna of the transmitting end determines whether to reserve the random perturbation phase value of the transmitting antenna node, if the received signal strength is increased, the existing perturbation phase value is reserved, a new group of random perturbation phase values are continuously added on the basis to perform new round adjustment, and then signals are transmitted; if the intensity of the received signal is reduced, the current perturbation phase value is ignored, the phase value of the previous round is returned, then a new group of random perturbation phase values are added again to start the next round of adjustment, and the signal is transmitted. Therefore, the phases of the received radio frequency signals of the transmitting antennas are basically consistent at the receiver end, so that the strength of the received signals is greatly enhanced, namely, the transmitting beam forming is realized in the receiving end direction.
The prior art has the following disadvantages: (1) since the random phase perturbation process needs to be repeatedly adjusted, the phase of each transmitting antenna signal at the receiver end can be consistent, and invalid phase adjustment values are continuously discarded during the process, so that the adjustment time is too long, and the convergence rate of the transmitting beam is slow. (2) Because each random disturbance phase changes on all transmitting antennas, the processing workload is large, the requirement on a processor is high, and the complexity and the cost of the system are increased. (3) The larger the number of transmit antennas, the slower the convergence speed. (4) Because the random phase perturbation process is performed on the radio frequency signal, the high-frequency components often have the problems of poor stability and high adjustment difficulty, and the defects of poor system performance, poor realizability and the like are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a method for optimally forming the transmitting beam of the split-range distributed antenna, which has the advantages of low system complexity, high stability and high beam forming convergence speed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for optimally forming a transmitting beam of a split-ranging distributed antenna comprises the following steps:
(1) each transmitting antenna corresponds to one transmitting branch, and each transmitting branch inputs a baseband signal;
(2) decomposing the baseband signal into I/Q baseband components;
(3) the I/Q baseband component is sent out by a transmitting antenna after being modulated and amplified by radio frequency;
(4) the receiving end feeds back information to the transmitting end, and the I/Q baseband component is optimally adjusted according to the feedback information;
(5) after the I/Q baseband components of each transmitting branch are subjected to iterative optimization, radio frequency modulation, amplification, transmission and feedback adjustment for multiple times, the transmitted modulation signals are finally subjected to phase consistency at a receiving end, and thus a transmitting beam is formed;
wherein, the method for optimizing and adjusting the I/Q baseband component in the step (4) is: each adjustment is only carried out on one transmitting antenna, and after the adjustment is finished, the next antenna is turned to be adjusted successively and is circularly carried out uninterruptedly.
Further, in the step (4), a split-range transmit beam forming optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize and adjust the I/Q baseband components, and the algorithm specifically comprises the following steps:
is provided withThe amplitudes of the in-phase component I and the quadrature component Q of the baseband signal s (t) at the kth moment on the nth transmitting antenna respectively;
(4-1) setting corresponding random real values in the (-1,1) interval as the N antennas of the random transmission arrayWherein N is 0,1, a.
(4-2) let h0(0) 1 is the initial value of the feedback iterative adjustment coefficient, n is 0, k is 0,calculate one by oneWherein, Delta0Is constant according to eachSimultaneously transmitting a common signal s (t) on the N transmit antennas;
(4-3) if n is 0 and k is 0, performing the step (4-5), otherwise, determining a feedback iteration adjustment coefficient h according to feedback information from the receiving endn(k) The values of (a) are as follows:
wherein ξ is a real number and 0< ξ < 1;
(4-4) calculating the step size according to the formula:
(4-5) calculating and updatingThe value:
compute and updateThe value:
according to eachValue, simultaneously sending signals s (t) on N transmit antennas;
(4-6) ifK → k +1, and then proceed to step (4-7); otherwise, k → k +1, and then go back to step (4-3). (ε is an arbitrarily small positive real number)
(4-7) if n<N-1, update N → N + 1; otherwise, n → 0, and set hn(k) 1 and
(4-8) circularly executing the step (4-3) -the step (4-7) until the transmitted modulation signals finally achieve phase consistency at the receiving end.
Further, a receiver is arranged at the transmitting end, and the I/Q baseband component acquired by the transmitting end is adoptedAs weights for the received signal, thereby generating a reception beam at the transmitting end. By the above technical means, the same can be utilizedValue generating receive beams to combat interference and improveSignal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, and improved receiving performance.
Further, the specific method in the step (5) is as follows:
(5-1) optimally adjusting s (t) and the step (4)Respectively multiplying to obtain two updated baseband signal components of I and Q;
(5-2) multiplying the two baseband signal components by the high-frequency signal to obtain two modulation signals;
(5-3) adding the two modulation signals to obtain a path of signal;
and (5-4) the signal is filtered and amplified and then transmitted by a transmitting antenna.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention introduces a range division idea combined with baseband adjustment, adopts a single-antenna circulation optimization adjustment mode, updates the I/Q amplitude of the baseband signal, namely, each adjustment and update is only carried out on a single transmitting antenna, turns to the next transmitting antenna for successive adjustment after the adjustment is finished, and the adjustment and update process is circularly promoted in sequence. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of low system complexity, high stability, high realizability, high beam forming convergence speed and the like.
(2) The invention decomposes the complex multi-antenna adjustment updating process into the simple single-antenna adjustment updating process, so that the system processing complexity is greatly reduced, and the advantages of the invention in the aspects of convergence speed and complexity are more obvious when the number of antennas is more.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a distributed multiple transmit antenna system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a two transmit antenna system.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings. Embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, it is a wireless communication system having a plurality of transmitting antennas distributed discretely in geographic locations, i.e., a transmitting end is configured with a plurality of antennas, and a receiving end is configured with one antenna. In FIG. 1, Tn(N-0, 1.. and N-1.) denotes an nth transmitting antenna. Based on the above system, this embodiment provides a technical solution for performing single antenna loop optimization adjustment and update on the I/Q amplitudes of the homodromous and quadrature components on the baseband signal, and the implementation principle of the technical solution is as follows: the phase of each path of radio frequency signals at the receiving end is consistent through baseband signal processing and optimization adjustment at the transmitting end, so that the received signal strength of the receiving end is optimized and enhanced, and beam forming is realized in the direction of the receiving end.
Different from the prior art, the embodiment adopts a baseband signal processing means instead of directly operating on radio frequency or high frequency band, and finally realizes phase alignment of each path of radio frequency signals to form a transmitting beam. The baseband signal processing is stable and reliable and is easy to realize, so that the system has better stability and higher realizability.
The difference between the present embodiment and the prior art is that, in combination with the range division idea of baseband adjustment, a single-antenna cyclic optimization adjustment mode is adopted to update the I/Q amplitude of the baseband signal, that is, each adjustment and update is performed only on a single transmit antenna, and the adjustment and update process is sequentially and cyclically advanced. In the embodiment, the complex multi-antenna adjustment updating process is decomposed into the simple single-antenna adjustment updating process through the technical means, so that the system processing complexity is greatly reduced, the updating time is shortened, and the convergence speed is accelerated.
Based on the above, the embodiment provides an optimized forming method for a transmission beam of a split-ranging distributed antenna, which specifically includes the following steps: (1) each transmitting antenna corresponds to one transmitting branch, and each transmitting branch inputs a baseband signal; (2) decomposing the baseband signal into I/Q baseband components; (3) the I/Q baseband component is sent out by a transmitting antenna after being modulated and amplified by radio frequency; (4) the receiving end feeds back information to the transmitting end, and the transmitting end optimally adjusts I/Q baseband components according to the feedback information; (5) after the I/Q baseband components of each transmitting branch are subjected to iterative optimization, radio frequency modulation, amplification, transmission and feedback adjustment for multiple times, the transmitted modulation signals are finally subjected to phase consistency at a receiving end, and thus a transmitting beam is formed; wherein, the method for optimizing and adjusting the I/Q baseband component in the step (4) is: each adjustment is only carried out on one transmitting antenna, and after the adjustment is finished, the next antenna is turned to be adjusted successively and is circularly carried out uninterruptedly.
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a system for implementing the above technical solution, where the system has N transmitting antennas distributed discretely in geographic positions, T0,T1......,TN-1Each antenna corresponds to a transmitting branch, and the input baseband signal of each transmitting branch is s (t). The signal s (t) is decomposed into two baseband components, i.e., I and Q, i.e., I/Q amplitude, which is modulated and amplified by radio frequency, and then sent to a transmitting antenna for transmission. The I/Q baseband component of each transmitting branch is optimized and adjusted, so that the transmitted modulation signal has a proper phase at the receiving end, and the modulation signals transmitted by the transmitting branches are finally in phase consistency at the receiving end, thereby forming a beam, namely the transmitted signal energy reaches the maximum in the direction of the receiving end.
In the present system, the beamforming performance depends on the adjustment of the I/Q baseband components of the transmit branches. The system directly controls and optimally adjusts the I/Q baseband component according to the feedback information from the receiving end, which is a key of the application of the invention, the optimal adjustment of the I/Q baseband component adopts a split-range type emission beam forming algorithm, and the specific steps are as follows:
is provided withAre respectively base bandSignal s (t) the amplitude of the in-phase component I and the quadrature component Q at time k on the nth transmit antenna;
(4-1) setting corresponding random real values in the (-1,1) interval as the N antennas of the random transmission arrayWherein N is 0,1, a.
(4-2) let h0(0) 1 is the initial value of the feedback iterative adjustment coefficient, n is 0, k is 0,calculate one by oneWherein, Delta0Is constant according to eachSimultaneously transmitting a common signal s (t) on the N transmit antennas;
(4-3) if n is 0 and k is 0, performing the step (4-5), otherwise, determining a feedback iteration adjustment coefficient h according to feedback information from the receiving endn(k) The values of (a) are as follows:
wherein ξ is a real number and 0< ξ < 1;
(4-4) calculating the step size according to the formula:
(4-5) calculating and updatingThe value:
compute and updateThe value:
according to eachValue, simultaneously sending signals s (t) on N transmit antennas;
(4-6) ifK → k +1, and then proceed to step (4-7); otherwise, k → k +1, and then go back to step (4-3). (ε is an arbitrarily small positive real number)
(4-7) if n<N-1, update N → N + 1; otherwise, n → 0, and set hn(k) 1 and
(4-8) circularly executing the step (4-3) -the step (4-7) until the transmitted modulation signals finally achieve phase consistency at the receiving end.
In the embodiment, the adjustment process of the I/Q baseband component is performed step by step, each adjustment is performed on only one antenna, and then the next antenna is turned to continue to be adjusted, so that the adjustment is circularly advanced, the complex multi-antenna adjustment updating process is decomposed into a simple single-antenna adjustment updating process, and the system processing complexity is greatly reduced.
As shown in fig. 3, taking a two-transmitting antenna system as an example, the system includes an input baseband signal s (t) and two parallel transmitting branches, where each transmitting branch corresponds to a transmitting antenna. At each transmitting branch, the signal s(t) first of all via multipliers with coefficients determined by a split-range transmit beamforming algorithm Multiplying respectively to obtain two baseband signal components of I and Q; then with the high frequency signal cos2 π f generated by the oscillatorct，sin2πfct are multiplied by (f)cIs the carrier frequency) to obtain two modulated signalsThe adder adds the two signals to obtain a signal, i.e.After passing through the filter and the power amplifier, the signal is transmitted by the antenna. Wherein,following the relationship:
split-range transmit beamforming algorithm optimizationAnd the values are taken, so that the phase of the signals transmitted by the two transmitting branches can be consistent at the receiving end, namely, the beam forming is realized in the direction of the receiving end. The adjustment and updating process is carried out step by step, only one antenna is adjusted each time, and after the adjustment is finished, the next antenna is turned to continue to be adjusted, and the adjustment and updating process is carried out circularly. The calculation of each update value is performed according to the above-described split transmit beamforming algorithm. The above optimization procedureContinuously carrying out, obtainingThe optimized value can generate a transmitting beam in the direction of the receiving end.
The invention is well implemented in accordance with the above-described embodiments. It should be noted that, based on the above design principle, even if some insubstantial modifications or modifications are made on the basis of the disclosed structure, the adopted technical solution is still the same as the present invention, and therefore, the technical solution is also within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for optimally forming a transmitting beam of a split-ranging distributed antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) each transmitting antenna corresponds to one transmitting branch, and each transmitting branch inputs a baseband signal;
(2) decomposing the baseband signal into I/Q baseband components;
(3) the I/Q baseband component is sent out by a transmitting antenna after being modulated and amplified by radio frequency;
(4) the receiving end feeds back information to the transmitting end, and the transmitting end adjusts the I/Q baseband component according to the feedback information;
(5) after the I/Q baseband components of each transmitting branch are subjected to radio frequency modulation, amplification, transmission and feedback adjustment, the transmitted modulation signals finally realize phase consistency at a receiving end, and thus, a transmitting beam is formed;
wherein, the method for optimizing and adjusting the I/Q baseband component in the step (4) is: each adjustment is carried out on only one transmitting antenna, and after the adjustment is finished, the next antenna is turned to be adjusted successively and is circularly carried out uninterruptedly;
in the step (4), a split-range type emission beam forming optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize and adjust I/Q baseband components, and the algorithm specifically comprises the following steps:
is provided withThe amplitudes of the in-phase component I and the quadrature component Q of the baseband signal s (t) at the kth moment on the nth transmitting antenna respectively;
(4-1) setting corresponding random real values in the (-1,1) interval as the N antennas of the random transmission arrayWherein N is 0,1, a.
(4-2) let h0(0) 1 is the initial value of the feedback iterative adjustment coefficient, n is 0, k is 0,calculate one by oneWherein, Delta0Is constant according to eachSimultaneously transmitting a common signal s (t) on the N transmit antennas;
(4-3) if n is 0 and k is 0, performing the step (4-5), otherwise, determining a feedback iteration adjustment coefficient h according to feedback information from the receiving endn(k) The values of (a) are as follows:
wherein ξ is a real number and 0< ξ < 1;
(4-4) calculating the step size according to the formula:
(4-5) calculating and updatingThe value:
compute and updateThe value:
according to eachValue, simultaneously sending signals s (t) on N transmit antennas;
(4-6) ifK → k +1, and then proceed to step (4-7); otherwise, k → k +1, and then go back to step (4-3), where ε is an arbitrarily small positive real number;
(4-7) if n<N-1, update N → N + 1; otherwise, n → 0, and set hn(k) 1 and
(4-8) circularly executing the step (4-3) -the step (4-7) until the transmitted modulation signals finally achieve phase consistency at the receiving end.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the optimally adjusted I/Q baseband components are used in a situation where a receiver is set at a transmitting endAs weights for the received signal, thereby generating a reception beam at the transmitting end.
3. The method for optimally forming the transmission beam of the split-ranging distributed antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the specific method in the step (5) is as follows:
(5-1) optimally adjusting s (t) and the step (4)Respectively multiplying to obtain two updated baseband signal components of I and Q;
(5-2) multiplying the two baseband signal components by the high-frequency signal to obtain two modulation signals;
(5-3) adding the two modulation signals to obtain a path of signal;
and (5-4) the signal is filtered and amplified and then transmitted by a transmitting antenna.
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| CN1283936A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2001-02-14 | 信息产业部电信科学技术研究院 | Baseband processing method based on intelligent antoma and interference cancel |
| CN101227242A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2008-07-23 | 西安交通大学 | Method for forming distributed aerial array beam based on channel correction |
| CN101483274A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2009-07-15 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五○四研究所 | External calibration method for phase variable power detecting array antenna |
| EP2957982A1 (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2015-12-23 | Technische Universität Dresden | Self-synchronizable network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1283936A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2001-02-14 | 信息产业部电信科学技术研究院 | Baseband processing method based on intelligent antoma and interference cancel |
| CN101227242A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2008-07-23 | 西安交通大学 | Method for forming distributed aerial array beam based on channel correction |
| CN101483274A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2009-07-15 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五○四研究所 | External calibration method for phase variable power detecting array antenna |
| EP2957982A1 (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2015-12-23 | Technische Universität Dresden | Self-synchronizable network |
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