CN105743322A - Surface-mounted magnetic lead screw and processing method thereof - Google Patents

Surface-mounted magnetic lead screw and processing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105743322A
CN105743322A CN201610218576.4A CN201610218576A CN105743322A CN 105743322 A CN105743322 A CN 105743322A CN 201610218576 A CN201610218576 A CN 201610218576A CN 105743322 A CN105743322 A CN 105743322A
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China
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permanent magnet
magnetic
electrician
nut
filament bar
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CN105743322B (en
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赵文祥
凌志健
吉敬华
刘国海
徐媚媚
胡德水
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/082565 priority patent/WO2017173710A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/102Magnetic gearings, i.e. assembly of gears, linear or rotary, by which motion is magnetically transferred without physical contact
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a surface-mounted magnetic lead screw and a processing method thereof, and belongs to the field of magnetic lead screws. The magnetic lead screw comprises segmented permanent magnets, an electric iron rod and limiters. A magnetic nut comprises segmented permanent magnets and an electric iron ring. In the magnetic lead screw, the segmented permanent magnets are mounted on the outer surface of the electric iron rod; and in the magnetic nut, the segmented permanent magnets are mounted on the inner surface of the electric iron ring. The method comprises the following steps of leveling the inner diameters of the segmented permanent magnets of the magnetic lead screw; turning the outer surface of the electric iron rod to form the electric iron rod of which the axial section is a regular polygon according to the size of the segmented permanent magnets and simultaneously installing the limiters at the end parts of the electric iron rod; and leveling the outer diameters of the segmented permanent magnets of the magnetic nut, and drilling the electric iron ring to form a through hole of which the axial section is a regular polygon according to the size of the segmented permanent magnets. Through cooperation of the permanent magnets and a ferromagnetic material, the processing difficulty of a spiral permanent magnet and the assembly difficulty of the magnetic lead screw can be effectively reduced; and the thrust density and the mechanical strength are improved.

Description

A kind of surface-mount type magnetic Screw and processing method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing technology of a kind of high pushing force density magnetic Screw, be related specifically to the equivalence techniques of spiral magnetic circuit and the method for magnetic Screw assembling.
Background technology
The research of magnetic Screw actuating system is at home and abroad still in the starting stage.Magnetic Screw has high pushing force density, contactless friction, safeguards the features such as simple, is coupled by magnetic field and realizes convert rotational motion being rectilinear motion, and vice versa.Therefore such as there is the field such as Aero-Space, ocean power generation, artificial heart good application prospect in a lot of occasions.At present, the surface-mount type magnetic Screw to more N, S pole turn of the screw being permanent magnet radial magnetizing of magnetic Screw research, and there is magnetic Screw assembling and the problem of helical permanent magnet processing in this kind of structure.
Document IEEETRANSACTIONSONENERGYCONVERSION, 30 (1): 41-50,2015 (Magneticdesignaspectsofthetrans-rotarymagneticgear) describe a kind of segment permanent magnet body magnetic Screw, by the segmentation circular-arc permanent magnet Surface Mount of radial magnetizing on electrician's iron staff.Although this structure can reduce the difficulty of processing of magnetic Screw permanent magnet, but the surface-mount type permanent magnet magnetic force leading screw introduced, owing to adopting segmentation circular-arc permanent magnet, force oscillation can substantially increase.In order to reduce force oscillation, adopt and reduce segmentation permanent magnet radian, the method namely adding segmentation permanent magnet number, which increase the processed complex degree of magnetic Screw.Owing to magnetic Screw adopts segmentation permanent magnet, when segmentation permanent magnet is on Surface Mount to electrician's iron staff, there is the shortcoming that splicing precision is low and mechanical strength is low.
Document IEEETRANSACTIONSONMAGNETISC, 50 (11): 8205004,2014 (Electromagneticleadscrewforpotentialwaveenergyapplicatio n) describe a kind of electromagnetic type magnetic Screw, by electrician's iron staff, it is fabricated to the structure of spiral slot, coiling in groove, passes into unidirectional current in coil, thus obtaining spiral type magnetic circuit.Although this structure can reduce the difficulty of processing of magnetic Screw permanent magnet, but the electromagnetic type magnetic Screw introduced.Owing to adopting the mode of electricity excitation, magnetic induction can be decreased obviously./ 4th of the pushing force density deficiency permanent-magnet type magnetic Screw produced.Therefore, the equivalence of effective way solution helical permanent magnet and the assembling of magnetic Screw is adopted just to have great importance and practical value.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve the packing problem of magnetic Screw permanent magnet processing difficulties and segmentation permanent magnet, it is proposed that a kind of simple effective, method easy to carry out in engineering.Adopt the processing method that the present invention proposes, while ensureing high pushing force density and low-thrust fluctuation, greatly reduce the difficulty of processing of magnetic Screw, and improve mechanical strength.
The present invention is applicable to the fields such as Aero-Space, artificial heart pump, ocean power generation.Comparing and traditional linear electric motors, owing to magnetic Screw is magnetic drives, so it is strong to have overload capability, maintenance cost is low and cleannes advantages of higher.Especially in artificial heart pump field, traditional artificial heart pump has, axial-flow pump and straight line heart pump two kinds, axial-flow pump has bigger blood to damage problem, although straight line heart pump can solve blood and damage problem, but power density is very low, and the development of artificial heart pump is existed inevitably restriction.Artificial heart pump after magnetic Screw and DC brushless motor integration can solve problem above simultaneously.
The present invention has techniques below scheme:
A kind of surface-mount type magnetic Screw, including magnetic filament bar, magnetic nut, both coaxial and between there is air gap;
Described magnetic nut empty set is outside magnetic filament bar, and magnetic filament rod outer surface and magnetic nut inner surface Surface Mount respectively have segmentation permanent magnet;The relative magnetic filament bar of magnetic nut rotates, and the relative magnetic nut of magnetic filament bar does rectilinear motion, and the axial length of magnetic nut is less than the axial length of magnetic filament bar;
Described magnetic filament bar includes electrician's iron staff, and electrician's iron staff is respectively arranged at two ends with stop a, stop b;The multiple compact arranged first permanent magnet a of Surface Mount, the first permanent magnet b on the outer surface of electrician's iron staff;Described first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b deviate from the one side (namely pressing close to the one side of electrician's iron staff) of air gap and scabble process, are being just arc surface to the one side of air gap, draw ideal spiral magnetic circuit;The outer surface of electrician's iron staff is axial cross section according to the physical dimension turning of the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b is positive shape changeable;
Described magnetic nut includes nut electrician's iron hoop, nut electrician's iron hoop inner surface Surface Mount multiple compact arranged second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b;For convenience of splicing, the one side (namely pressing close to the one side of nut electrician's iron hoop) deviating from air gap of the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b scabbles process, is being just arc surface to the one side of air gap, draw ideal spiral magnetic circuit, and match with the arc surface of the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b;Nut electrician's iron hoop inner surface is according to the second permanent magnet a, the physical dimension of the second permanent magnet b, and drilling goes out the through hole that axial cross section is positive shape changeable.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the magnetizing direction of described first permanent magnet a is radially-inwardly, and the magnetizing direction of the first permanent magnet b is radially outward;First permanent magnet a and the first permanent magnet b axially replaces Surface Mount successively on the outer surface of electrician's iron staff that turning is regular polygon, leaves no gaps therebetween, forms one group of first permanent magnet module;First permanent magnet module is arranged in order according still further to circumferencial direction and is spliced to form helical structure, and centre leaves no gaps;The helical permanent magnet number of turns that many group the first permanent magnet modules are formed is determined according to the requirement characteristic of magnetic Screw.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the magnetizing direction of described second permanent magnet a is radially-inwardly, and the magnetizing direction of the second permanent magnet b is radially outward;Second permanent magnet a and the second permanent magnet b axially replaces Surface Mount successively on the inner surface of nut electrician's iron hoop, leaves no gaps therebetween, forms one group of second permanent magnet module;Second permanent magnet module is arranged in order according still further to circumferencial direction and is spliced to form helical structure, and centre leaves no gaps;The helical permanent magnet number of turns that many group the second permanent magnet modules are formed is determined according to the requirement characteristic of magnetic Screw.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described stop a, stop b structure are identical, being respectively fitted over the two ends of electrician's iron staff, described stop a, stop b are helical structure near the side turning of the first permanent magnet module, and pitch λ is the axial length of the first permanent magnet module.
The technical scheme of the method for the present invention is: the processing method of a kind of surface-mount type magnetic Screw, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, be required to be spiral magnetic circuit in magnetic Screw, due to permanent magnet bad mechanical property, adopt segmentation permanent magnet to be spliced to form spiral magnetic circuit, segmentation permanent magnet is according to α degree designed arc-shaped appearance, and radian is more little, magnetizes more uniform;
Step 2, is ensureing magnetic filament bar radius r2, air gap g between magnetic nut and magnetic filament bar and when fully taking into account uniformity and splicing complexity that segmentation permanent magnet magnetizes, determine the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b and the second permanent magnet a, the radian measure alpha of the second permanent magnet b, pole span τ and thickness h, it is determined that the profile error of three;For making magnetic nut and magnetic filament bar reach identical modulation relation, the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b and the second permanent magnet a, the pole span τ of the second permanent magnet b is identical;
Step 3, after the pole span τ determining permanent magnet and thickness h, it is determined that the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b concrete size, permanent magnet internal diameter is r1=r2-h;Internal side diameter to the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b, namely deviates from air gap side, scabbles process, is being just the circular arc of the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b to one end of air gap;Axial both sides to the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b, do tapered plane turning and process, and the angle of cutting is θ1:
θ 1 = a r c t a n [ τ * α 2 πr 1 * sin ( α / 2 ) ] ;
Step 4, the concrete size according to the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b, electrician's iron staff is limited design size by the present invention;Owing to the radian of the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b is α, and deviating from air gap side and scabble process, the physical dimension according to the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b, is positive n limit shape structure electrician's iron staff turning, and n takes 2 π/α;The cross section circumcircle radius of positive n limit shape electrician's iron staff is r1, the length of electrician's iron staff is l1, the physical length of electrician's iron staff is determined according to the number of turns of the first permanent magnet module;
Step 5, owing to magnetic filament pole length is long, required first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b number more, in order to fix the position of the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b, and increase magnetic filament bar mechanical strength and splicing precision;The present invention proposes stop a, stop b, it is arranged on the two ends of electrician's iron staff, stop a, stop b are good by mechanical property, the non-magnet material being easily worked makes, described stop a, stop b are helical structure near the side turning of the first permanent magnet module, and pitch λ is the axial length of the first permanent magnet module;
Step 6, after determining the second permanent magnet a, the pole span τ of the second permanent magnet b and thickness h, it is determined that the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b concrete size, internal diameter is r3=r2+g;Outside diameter to the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b, namely deviates from air gap side, scabbles process, just to the circular arc that one end of air gap is segmentation permanent magnet, the axial both sides of the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b is done tapered plane turning process, and the angle of cutting is θ2:
θ 2 = a r c t a n [ τ * α 2 πr 3 * sin ( α / 2 ) ] ;
Step 7, the concrete size according to the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b, nut electrician's iron hoop is limited design size;Owing to the radian of the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b is α, and deviating from air gap side and scabble process, the physical dimension according to the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b, it is positive n limit shape pore structure that nut electrician's iron hoop drilling is gone out axial cross section, and n takes 2 π/α;The inscribed circle radius in shape hole, positive n limit is r3, the axial length of electrician's iron hoop is l2;The actual axial length of nut electrician's iron hoop is determined according to the number of turns of the second permanent magnet module;
Step 8, forms magnetic filament bar after having spliced stop a, stop b and the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b on electrician's iron staff surface;Magnetic nut is formed after nut electrician's iron hoop inner surface has spliced the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b;Both are assembled, between magnetic filament bar and magnetic nut, has air gap g, form magnetic Screw.
Further, the material of described segmentation permanent magnet adopts agglutinating property neodymium iron boron.
Further, described segmentation permanent magnet is according to α degree designed arc-shaped appearance, and the value of α is between 30 degree to 60 degree;Magnetic filament bar radius r2Namely the external diameter of the first permanent magnet a and the first permanent magnet b is 25mm, and the value of the air gap g between magnetic filament bar and magnetic nut is 1mm;The thickness h of the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b and the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b is identical, and the value of thickness h is 5mm to 8mm;For making magnetic nut and magnetic filament bar reach identical modulation relation, the pole span τ of the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b and the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b is identical, and the value of pole span τ is 8mm to 12mm;The axial both sides of the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b and the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b, do tapered plane turning and process, the angle of cutting respectively θ1And θ2;The radian measure alpha of the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b and the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b takes 45 degree, and the value of thickness h is 6mm, and the value of pole span τ is 10mm, the angle, θ of cutting1It is 8.3 degree, θ2It it is 6.1 degree.
Further, the concrete size according to the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b and the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b, it is determined that the concrete size of electrician's iron staff and nut electrician's iron hoop;Owing to the radian measure alpha of the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b and the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b takes 45 degree, so be axial cross section electrician's iron staff turning being octagon structure, electrician's iron hoop drilling is gone out the structure that axial cross section is octagon hole;The length of electrician's iron staff is l1, l1Value be 500mm, the axial length of nut electrician's iron hoop is l2, l2Value be 80mm.
After the present invention adopts technique scheme, have the advantages that
1, the present invention adopts magnetic filament bar segmentation permanent magnet and regular polygon electrician's iron staff, and the splicing of nut electrician's iron hoop in magnetic nut segmentation permanent magnet and regular polygon hole assembles.Reduce process complexity and processing cost, and improve the mechanical strength that magnetic Screw is overall.
2, the present invention adopts segmentation permanent magnet to splice, according to the present invention proposes to the axial both sides of segmentation permanent magnet, carry out tapered plane turning process according to the angle calculated.Not only solve permanent magnet material mechanical properties, and ideal spiral shape N, S pole magnetic circuit can be drawn, the thrust of magnetic Screw is exported and pulsation is all without impacting.
3, during the present invention adopts, process is scabbled in the air gap side employing that deviates from of magnetic filament bar segmentation permanent magnet and magnetic nut segmentation permanent magnet so that permanent magnet and electrician's iron material splice in one plane.Simplify processed complex degree, improve overall mechanical strength.
4, the present invention adopts and installs stop in the end of electrician's iron staff, stop is helical structure near permanent magnetism side, pitch after stop pitch and segmentation permanent magnet splicing one circle is equal, thus can improve the splicing precision of permanent magnet, and improves the mechanical strength of magnetic Screw.
5, the present invention adopts sintering type Nd iron boron permanent magnetic material to substitute the mixing magnetic material adopted in existing document, compared to existing mixing magnetic material, the advantages such as sintering type Nd iron boron permanent magnetic material has remanent magnetism height, and magnetic property is strong.In the present invention, stop adopts non-magnet material, reduces the leakage field that end permanent magnet is unnecessary.
6, when fully taking into account uniformity and the splicing complexity that segmentation permanent magnet magnetizes, the value of radian measure alpha is 45 degree.In order to avoid the demagnetization of permanent magnet, the thickness h of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is identical.For making magnetic nut and magnetic filament bar reach identical modulation relation, the pole span τ of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is identical.Owing to the radian measure alpha of segmentation permanent magnet takes 45 degree, so be axial cross section electrician's iron staff turning being octagon structure, electrician's iron hoop drilling is gone out the structure that axial cross section is octagon hole, thus strengthening the mechanical strength that magnetic Screw is overall.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Drawings below is embodiments of the invention, wherein:
Accompanying drawing 1 be stereochemical structure of the present invention partly cut open schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the 2D plane graph of present configuration;
Accompanying drawing 3-4 is the fundamental diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 5 is magnetic filament bar segmentation permanent magnet (the first permanent magnet a, the first permanent magnet b) different surfaces size marking figure;
Accompanying drawing 6 is magnetic filament bar electrician's iron staff schematic diagram;A () be schematic diagram axially, (b) perspective view;
Accompanying drawing 7 is stop schematic diagram;A () be schematic diagram axially, (b) perspective view;
Accompanying drawing 8 magnetic nut segmentation permanent magnet (the second permanent magnet a, the second permanent magnet b) different surfaces size marking figure;
Accompanying drawing 9;It it is magnetic nut electrician's iron hoop schematic diagram;A () be schematic diagram axially, (b) perspective view;
Accompanying drawing 10 is the thrust output contrast schematic diagram after common segmentation permanent magnet magnetic force leading screw and improvement.
In figure: 1. magnetic filament bar;2. magnetic nut;3-1. screw mandrel electrician's iron staff;3-2. nut electrician's iron hoop;4-1. the first permanent magnet a;4-2. the first permanent magnet b;4-3. the second permanent magnet a;4-4. the second permanent magnet b;5-1. stop a;5-2. stop b;6-1. first gathers magnetic module;6-2. second gathers magnetic module.
Detailed description of the invention
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present invention is the processing method of a kind of permanent magnet surface-mount type magnetic Screw, comprises magnetic filament bar 1, magnetic nut 2, both coaxial and between there is air gap.Magnetic filament bar 1 and magnetic nut 2 Surface Mount respectively have and propose the segmentation permanent magnet of method processing according to the present invention (explaining in order to convenient, the segmentation permanent magnet on magnetic filament bar 1 includes the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2;Segmentation permanent magnet on magnetic nut 2 includes the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4).Magnetic nut 2 empty set is outside magnetic filament bar 1.Magnetic nut 2 prolongs Z-axis direction and rotates, the operation principle according to magnetic Screw, and magnetic filament bar 1 prolongs Z axis and does rectilinear motion.So the axial length of magnetic nut 2 is less than the axial length of magnetic filament bar 1, concrete size is determined according to the requirement characteristic of magnetic Screw.
Operation principle according to magnetic Screw, owing to being spiral permanent magnetic field in magnetic filament bar 1 and magnetic nut 2, is realized convert rotational motion being rectilinear motion so being coupled by magnetic field, or is rotary motion by transform linear motion.As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, for the operation principle schematic diagram of magnetic Screw.The magnetic flux that in magnetic filament bar, segmentation permanent magnet produces, through air gap, enters corresponding magnetic nut segmentation permanent magnet, passes from adjacent magnetic nut segmentation permanent magnet through nut electrician iron hoop 3-2 again, by air gap, return in the segmentation permanent magnet that magnetic filament bar is adjacent.In figure 3, when the relative displacement of magnetic filament bar 1 and magnetic nut 2 is zero, when namely both are just to position, both do not produce the conversion of thrust and torque.Along with the displacement that magnetic filament bar 1 motion produces, the tangential component of the magnetic induction in air gap dramatically increases, and produces thrust.When displacement is when τ/2, produce maximum thrust, as shown in Figure 4.
Described magnetic filament bar 1 is made up of the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2, electrician iron staff 3-1 and stop a5-1, stop b5-2.For convenience of splicing, process is scabbled in the air gap side that deviates from of segmentation permanent magnet, is being just the circular arc of permanent magnet to one end of air gap, draws ideal spiral magnetic circuit.Electrician's iron staff outer surface is according to the first permanent magnet a4-1, and the physical dimension turning of the first permanent magnet b4-2 is axial cross section is the electrician iron staff 3-1 of positive shape changeable.Owing to segmentation permanent magnet number required in magnetic filament bar 1 is more, stop a5-1 and stop b5-2 is installed in the end of electrician iron staff 3-1, after introducing stop, greatly improves the first permanent magnet a4-1, the splicing precision of the first permanent magnet b4-2 and mechanical strength.The magnetizing direction of the first permanent magnet a4-1 is radially-inwardly;The magnetizing direction of the first permanent magnet b4-2 is radially outward.First permanent magnet a4-1 and the first permanent magnet b4-2, according to Z-direction successively Surface Mount on the outer surface of the electrician iron staff 3-1 that turning is regular polygon, forms one group of first permanent magnet module 6-1, and centre leaves no gaps.First permanent magnet module 6-1 is according still further to circumferencial direction, circumferential array is spliced to form helical structure successively, and centre leaves no gaps, and Surface Mount is on the outer surface of electrician iron staff 3-1, the helical permanent magnet number of turns is determined according to the requirement characteristic of magnetic Screw, and stop is also followed the number of turns of permanent magnet and changed installation site.
Described magnetic nut 2 is made up of the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4 and nut electrician iron hoop 3-2.For convenience of splicing, process is scabbled in the air gap side that deviates from of segmentation permanent magnet, is being just the second permanent magnet a4-3 to one end of air gap, the circular arc of the second permanent magnet b4-4, draws ideal spiral magnetic circuit.Electrician's iron hoop inner surface physical dimension according to the second permanent magnet, drilling goes out the nut electrician iron hoop 3-2 that axial cross section is positive shape changeable hole.The magnetizing direction of the second permanent magnet a4-3 is radially-inwardly, and the magnetizing direction of the second permanent magnet b4-4 is radially outward.Second permanent magnet a4-3 and the second permanent magnet b4-4, according to Z-direction successively Surface Mount on the inner surface of nut electrician iron hoop 3-2, forms one group of second permanent magnet module 6-2, and centre leaves no gaps.Second permanent magnet module 6-2, according still further to circumferencial direction, is arranged in order and is spliced to form helical structure, and centre leaves no gaps, and Surface Mount is on the inner surface of nut electrician iron hoop 3-2, and the helical permanent magnet number of turns is determined according to the requirement characteristic of magnetic Screw.
For obtaining best spiral magnetic circuit, magnetic filament bar and the method for designing of magnetic nut that the present invention proposes comprise the steps:
Step 1, be required to be spiral magnetic circuit in magnetic Screw, due to permanent magnet bad mechanical property, adopt segmentation permanent magnet to be spliced to form spiral magnetic circuit, segmentation permanent magnet is according to α degree designed arc-shaped appearance, and radian is more little, magnetizes more uniform;
Step 2, is ensureing magnetic filament bar 1 radius r2, air gap g between magnetic nut 2 and magnetic filament bar 1 and when fully taking into account uniformity and splicing complexity that segmentation permanent magnet magnetizes, determine the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2 and the second permanent magnet a4-3, the radian measure alpha of the second permanent magnet b4-4, pole span τ and thickness h, it is determined that the profile error of three;For making magnetic nut 2 and magnetic filament bar 1 reach identical modulation relation, the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2 and the second permanent magnet a4-3, the pole span τ of the second permanent magnet b4-4 is identical;
Step 3, after the pole span τ determining permanent magnet and thickness h, it is determined that the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2 concrete size, permanent magnet internal diameter is r1=r2-h;Internal side diameter to the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2, namely deviates from air gap side, scabbles process, is being just the circular arc of the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2 to one end of air gap;Axial both sides to the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2, do tapered plane turning and process, and the angle of cutting is θ1:
θ 1 = a r c t a n [ τ * α 2 πr 1 * sin ( α / 2 ) ] ;
Step 4, the concrete size according to the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2, electrician iron staff 3-1 is limited design size by the present invention;Owing to the radian of the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2 is α, and deviating from air gap side and scabble process, the physical dimension according to the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2, is positive n limit shape structure electrician's iron staff 3-1 turning, and n takes 2 π/α;The cross section circumcircle radius of positive n limit shape electrician's iron staff is r1, the length of electrician iron staff 3-1 is l1, the physical length of electrician's iron staff is determined according to the number of turns of the first permanent magnet module 6-1;
Step 5, owing to magnetic filament bar 1 length is long, required first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2 number more, in order to fix the position of the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2, and increase magnetic filament bar 1 mechanical strength and splicing precision;The present invention proposes stop a5-1, stop b5-2, it is arranged on the two ends of electrician's iron staff, stop a5-1, stop b5-2 are good by mechanical property, the non-magnet material being easily worked makes, described stop a5-1, stop b5-2 are helical structure near the side turning of the first permanent magnet module 6-1, and pitch λ is the axial length of the first permanent magnet module 6-1;
Step 6, after determining the second permanent magnet a4-3, the pole span τ of the second permanent magnet b4-4 and thickness h, it is determined that the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4 concrete size, internal diameter is r3=r2+ g;Outside diameter to the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4, namely deviate from air gap side, scabble process, just to the circular arc that one end of air gap is segmentation permanent magnet, the axial both sides of the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4 are done tapered plane turning process, and the angle of cutting is θ2:
θ 2 = a r c t a n [ τ * α 2 πr 3 * sin ( α / 2 ) ] ;
Step 7, the concrete size according to the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4, nut electrician iron hoop 3-2 is limited design size;Owing to the radian of the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4 is α, and deviate from air gap side and scabble process, physical dimension according to the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4, it is positive n limit shape pore structure that nut electrician's iron hoop 3-2 drilling is gone out axial cross section, and n takes 2 π/α;The inscribed circle radius in shape hole, positive n limit is r3, the axial length of electrician's iron hoop is l2;The actual axial length of nut electrician iron hoop 3-2 is determined according to the number of turns of the second permanent magnet module 6-2;
Step 8, forms magnetic filament bar 1 after having spliced stop a5-1, stop b5-2 and the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2 on electrician iron staff 3-1 surface;Magnetic nut 2 is formed after nut electrician's iron hoop 3-2 inner surface has spliced the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4;Both are assembled, between magnetic filament bar and magnetic nut, has air gap g, form magnetic Screw.
Embodiment
As specific embodiments of the invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention being illustrated, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present invention is a kind of surface-mount type magnetic Screw and processing method thereof, comprises magnetic filament bar 1, magnetic nut 2, both coaxial and between there is air gap.Magnetic nut 2 empty set is outside magnetic filament bar 1.Magnetic nut 2 prolongs Z-axis direction and rotates, the operation principle according to magnetic Screw, and magnetic filament bar 1 prolongs Z axis and does rectilinear motion.So the axial length of magnetic nut 2 is less than the axial length of magnetic filament bar 1, concrete size is determined according to the requirement characteristic of magnetic Screw.
Described magnetic filament bar 1 is made up of the first permanent magnet a4-1, the first permanent magnet b4-2, electrician iron staff 3-1 and stop a5-1, stop b5-2.As it is shown in figure 5, permanent magnet is according to α degree designed arc-shaped appearance, the value of α is 45 degree, and internal diameter is r1, r1Value be 18mm.The material of permanent magnet adopts agglutinating property neodymium iron boron, and compared to adopting hybrid magnetic material in existing document, it is big that agglutinating property neodymium iron boron has remanent magnetism, the feature that magnetic property is strong.According to the method proposed in step 2, optimizing the thickness h obtaining the first permanent magnet a and b is 6mm, and pole span τ is 10mm.Adopt the permanent magnet processing method that step 3 proposes, for convenience of splicing and increase mechanical strength, the internal side diameter to the first permanent magnet, namely deviate from air gap side and scabble process.Owing to magnetic Screw is spiral magnetic circuit, and sintered NdFeB mechanical property is poor, it is impossible to realize the processing of one-piece auger, adopts the method proposed in step 3, the axial both sides of the first permanent magnet are carried out tapered plane cutting process, and cutting angle, according to formula, obtains θ1=8.3 degree.
As shown in Figure 6, the processing method adopting electrician's iron material of step 4 proposition, the concrete size according to the first permanent magnet a4-1 and the first permanent magnet b4-2, electrician's iron staff is limited design size by the present invention.Owing to the radian of segmentation permanent magnet is 45 degree, and deviating from air gap side and scabble process, the physical dimension according to the first permanent magnet a4-1 and the first permanent magnet b4-2, is positive 8 limit shape structures electrician's iron staff turning.The cross section circumcircle radius of positive 8 limit shape electrician iron staff 3-1 is r1.The first permanent magnet a4-1 after cutting and the first permanent magnet b4-2, magnetizing direction respectively radially inwardly and radially outwardly, according to Z-direction successively Surface Mount on positive 8 limit shape electrician iron staff 3-1, forms the first permanent magnet module 6-1, and centre leaves no gaps.First permanent magnet module 6-1 prolongs circumferencial direction arrangement successively, and centre leaves no gaps, and Surface Mount, on positive 8 limit shape electrician iron staff 3-1, is spliced to form helical structure.The number of the first permanent magnet a4-1 and the first permanent magnet b4-2 is 160 respectively, forms 20 circle N, S helical permanent magnet structure alternately.The permanent magnet processing method proposed by the present invention can realize the effect of one-piece auger permanent magnet, and improves the mechanical strength of magnetic Screw.
As it is shown in fig. 7, due to the first permanent magnet a4-1 required in magnetic filament bar 1, the first permanent magnet b4-2 number is more, for convenient splicing, improve machining accuracy, stop a5-1 and stop b5-2 is installed at the two ends of octagon electrician iron staff 3-1.Stop a5-1 and stop b5-2 is helical structure near the first permanent magnet module 6-1 side, and pitch and the first permanent magnet splice the pitch after a circle, and namely the pole span τ of 2 times is equal, and pitch is 20mm.
Described magnetic nut 2 is made up of the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4 and nut electrician iron hoop 3-2.As shown in Figure 8, the second permanent magnet a4-3, the second permanent magnet b4-4 is according to α degree designed arc-shaped appearance, and the value of α is 45 degree, and internal diameter is r3, r3Value be 25mm.The material of permanent magnet adopts agglutinating property neodymium iron boron, and compared to adopting hybrid magnetic material in existing document, it is big that agglutinating property neodymium iron boron has remanent magnetism, the feature that magnetic property is strong.According to the method proposed in step 2, optimizing the thickness h obtaining the second permanent magnet is 6mm, and pole span τ is 10mm.Second permanent magnet a4-3 and the second permanent magnet b4-4, magnetizing direction is respectively radially inwardly and radially outwardly.Adopt the permanent magnet processing method that step 6 proposes, for convenience of splicing and increase mechanical strength, the outside diameter to the second permanent magnet, namely deviate from air gap side and scabble process.Owing to magnetic Screw is spiral magnetic circuit, and sintered NdFeB mechanical property is poor, it is impossible to realize the processing of one-piece auger, adopts the method proposed in step 6, the axial both sides of the second permanent magnet are carried out tapered plane cutting process, and cutting angle, according to formula, obtains θ2=6.1 degree.
As it is shown in figure 9, the physical dimension that electrician's iron hoop inner surface is according to the second permanent magnet a4-3 and the second permanent magnet b4-4, drilling goes out the nut electrician iron hoop 3-2 that axial cross section is octagon, and the cross section inscribed circle radius of nut electrician iron hoop 3-2 is r4, r4Value be 31mm.The second permanent magnet a4-3 after cutting and the second permanent magnet b4-4, according to Z-direction successively Surface Mount on the inner surface of nut electrician iron hoop 3-2, form the second permanent magnet module 6-2, centre leaves no gaps, and wherein the second permanent magnet a4-3 and the second permanent magnet b4-4 magnetizing direction are respectively radially inwardly and radially outwardly.Second permanent magnet module 6-2 prolongs circumferencial direction arrangement successively, and centre leaves no gaps, and Surface Mount, on the inner surface of nut electrician iron hoop 3-2, is spliced to form helical structure.The number of the second permanent magnet a4-3 and the second permanent magnet b4-4 is 24 respectively, forms 3 circle N, S helical permanent magnet structure alternately.The permanent magnet processing method proposed by the present invention can realize the effect of one-piece auger permanent magnet, and improves the mechanical strength of magnetic Screw.
As shown in Figure 10, for the comparison diagram of magnetic Screw thrust output after common segment permanent magnet body magnetic Screw and improvement, in figure, A1 is the thrust output waveform of the common segmentation permanent magnet magnetic force leading screw before improving, B1 is the thrust output waveform after improving, it can be seen that when keeping all the other parameter constants, after improvement, magnetic Screw is when being substantially reduced difficulty of processing, it is ensured that high pushing force density, the feature of low-thrust fluctuation.

Claims (8)

1. a surface-mount type magnetic Screw, it is characterised in that include magnetic filament bar (1), magnetic nut (2), both coaxial and between there is air gap;
Described magnetic nut (2) empty set is outside at magnetic filament bar (1), and magnetic filament bar (1) outer surface and magnetic nut (2) inner surface Surface Mount respectively have segmentation permanent magnet;Magnetic nut (2) magnetic filament bar (1) relatively rotates, magnetic filament bar (1) magnetic nut (2) relatively does rectilinear motion, and the axial length of magnetic nut (2) is less than the axial length of magnetic filament bar (1);
Described magnetic filament bar (1) includes electrician's iron staff (3-1), and electrician's iron staff (3-1) is respectively arranged at two ends with stop a (5-1), stop b (5-2);The multiple compact arranged first permanent magnet a (4-1) of Surface Mount, the first permanent magnet b (4-2) on the outer surface of electrician's iron staff (3-1);Described first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) deviate from the one side of air gap and scabble process, are being just arc surface to the one side of air gap, are being used for drawing ideal spiral magnetic circuit;The outer surface of electrician's iron staff (3-1) is axial cross section according to the physical dimension turning of the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) is positive shape changeable;
Described magnetic nut (2) includes nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2), nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2) inner surface Surface Mount multiple compact arranged second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4);For convenience of splicing, second permanent magnet a (4-3), the one side deviating from air gap of the second permanent magnet b (4-4) scabbles process, it is being just arc surface to the one side of air gap, for drawing ideal spiral magnetic circuit, and match with the arc surface of the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2);Nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2) inner surface is according to the second permanent magnet a (4-3), and the physical dimension of the second permanent magnet b (4-4), drilling goes out the through hole that axial cross section is positive shape changeable.
2. a kind of surface-mount type magnetic Screw according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the magnetizing direction of described first permanent magnet a (4-1) is radially-inwardly, and the magnetizing direction of the first permanent magnet b (4-2) is radially outward;First permanent magnet a (4-1) and the first permanent magnet b (4-2) axially replaces Surface Mount successively on the outer surface of electrician's iron staff (3-1) that turning is regular polygon, therebetween leave no gaps, form one group of first permanent magnet module (6-1);First permanent magnet module (6-1) is arranged in order according still further to circumferencial direction and is spliced to form helical structure, and centre leaves no gaps;The helical permanent magnet number of turns that many groups the first permanent magnet module (6-1) are formed is determined according to the requirement characteristic of magnetic Screw.
3. a kind of surface-mount type magnetic Screw according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the magnetizing direction of described second permanent magnet a (4-3) is radially-inwardly, and the magnetizing direction of the second permanent magnet b (4-4) is radially outward;Second permanent magnet a (4-3) and the second permanent magnet b (4-4) axially replaces Surface Mount successively on the inner surface of nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2), therebetween leave no gaps, form one group of second permanent magnet module (6-2);Second permanent magnet module (6-2) is arranged in order according still further to circumferencial direction and is spliced to form helical structure, and centre leaves no gaps;The helical permanent magnet number of turns that many groups the second permanent magnet module (6-2) are formed is determined according to the requirement characteristic of magnetic Screw.
4. a kind of surface-mount type magnetic Screw according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described stop a (5-1), stop b (5-2) structure are identical, it is respectively fitted over the two ends of electrician's iron staff (3-1), described stop a (5-1), stop b (5-2) are helical structure near the side turning of the first permanent magnet module (6-1), and pitch λ is the axial length of the first permanent magnet module (6-1).
5. the processing method of a surface-mount type magnetic Screw, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1, be required to be spiral magnetic circuit in magnetic Screw, due to permanent magnet bad mechanical property, adopt segmentation permanent magnet to be spliced to form spiral magnetic circuit, segmentation permanent magnet is according to α degree designed arc-shaped appearance, and radian is more little, magnetizes more uniform;
Step 2, is ensureing magnetic filament bar (1) radius r2, air gap g between magnetic nut (2) and magnetic filament bar (1) and when fully taking into account uniformity and splicing complexity that segmentation permanent magnet magnetizes, determine the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) and the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the radian measure alpha of the second permanent magnet b (4-4), pole span τ and thickness h, it is determined that the profile error of three;For making magnetic nut (2) and magnetic filament bar (1) reach identical modulation relation, first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) and the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the pole span τ of the second permanent magnet b (4-4) is identical;
Step 3, after the pole span τ determining permanent magnet and thickness h, it is determined that the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) concrete size, permanent magnet internal diameter is r1=r2-h;Internal side diameter to the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2), namely air gap side is deviated from, scabble process, be just the circular arc of the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) to one end of air gap;Axial both sides to the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2), do tapered plane turning and process, and the angle of cutting is θ1:
θ 1 = arctan [ τ * α 2 πr 1 * sin ( α / 2 ) ] ;
Step 4, the concrete size according to the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2), electrician's iron staff (3-1) is limited design size by the present invention;Owing to the radian of the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) is α, and deviate from air gap side and scabble process, physical dimension according to the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2), being positive n limit shape structure electrician's iron staff (3-1) turning, n takes 2 π/α;The cross section circumcircle radius of positive n limit shape electrician's iron staff is r1, the length of electrician's iron staff (3-1) is l1, the physical length of electrician's iron staff is determined according to the number of turns of the first permanent magnet module (6-1);
Step 5, owing to magnetic filament bar (1) length is long, required first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) number more, in order to fix the position of the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2), and increase mechanical strength and the splicing precision of magnetic filament bar (1);The present invention proposes stop a (5-1), stop b (5-2), it is arranged on the two ends of electrician's iron staff, stop a (5-1), stop b (5-2) are good by mechanical property, the non-magnet material being easily worked makes, described stop a (5-1), stop b (5-2) are helical structure near the side turning of the first permanent magnet module (6-1), and it is the axial length of the first permanent magnet module (6-1) that pitch enters;
Step 6, after determining the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the pole span τ of the second permanent magnet b (4-4) and thickness h, it is determined that the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4) concrete size, internal diameter is r3=r2+g;Outside diameter to the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4), namely air gap side is deviated from, scabble process, just to the circular arc that one end of air gap is segmentation permanent magnet, the axial both sides of the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4) are done tapered plane turning process, and the angle of cutting is θ2:
θ 2 = arctan [ τ * α 2 πr 3 * sin ( α / 2 ) ] ;
Step 7, the concrete size according to the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4), nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2) is limited design size;Owing to the radian of the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4) is α, and deviate from air gap side and scabble process, physical dimension according to the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4), it is positive n limit shape pore structure that nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2) drilling is gone out axial cross section, and n takes 2 π/α;The inscribed circle radius in shape hole, positive n limit is r3, the axial length of electrician's iron hoop is l2;The actual axial length of nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2) is determined according to the number of turns of the second permanent magnet module (6-2);
Step 8, has spliced stop a (5-1), stop b (5-2) on electrician's iron staff (3-1) surface and the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) form magnetic filament bar (1) afterwards;Spliced the second permanent magnet a (4-3) on nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2) inner surface, the second permanent magnet b (4-4) forms magnetic nut (2) afterwards;Both are assembled, between magnetic filament bar and magnetic nut, has air gap g, form magnetic Screw.
6. the processing method of a kind of surface-mount type magnetic Screw according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the material of described segmentation permanent magnet adopts agglutinating property neodymium iron boron.
7. the processing method of a kind of surface-mount type magnetic Screw according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described segmentation permanent magnet is according to α degree designed arc-shaped appearance, and the value of α is between 30 degree to 60 degree;Magnetic filament bar (1) radius r2Namely the external diameter of the first permanent magnet a (4-1) and the first permanent magnet b (4-2) is 25mm, and the value of the air gap g between magnetic filament bar and magnetic nut is 1mm;First permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) are identical with the thickness h of the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4), and the value of thickness h is 5mm to 8mm;For making magnetic nut and magnetic filament bar reach identical modulation relation, first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) are identical with the pole span τ of the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4), and the value of pole span τ is 8mm to 12mm;The axial both sides of the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) and the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4), do tapered plane turning and process, the angle of cutting respectively θ1And θ2;The radian measure alpha of the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) and the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4) takes 45 degree, the value of thickness h is 6mm, the value of pole span τ is 10mm, the angle, θ of cutting1It is 8.3 degree, θ2It it is 6.1 degree.
8. the processing method of a kind of surface-mount type magnetic Screw according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, concrete size according to the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) and the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4), it is determined that the concrete size of electrician's iron staff (3-1) and nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2);Owing to the radian measure alpha of the first permanent magnet a (4-1), the first permanent magnet b (4-2) and the second permanent magnet a (4-3), the second permanent magnet b (4-4) takes 45 degree, so be axial cross section electrician's iron staff (3-1) turning being octagon structure, nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2) drilling is gone out the structure that axial cross section is octagon hole;The length of electrician's iron staff (3-1) is l1, l1Value be 500mm, the axial length of nut electrician's iron hoop (3-2) is l2, l2Value be 80mm.
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CN112196721A (en) * 2020-10-10 2021-01-08 上海海事大学 Wide-power composite wave power generation system for complex sea conditions

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