CN105743132B - Ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system - Google Patents
Ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105743132B CN105743132B CN201610292679.5A CN201610292679A CN105743132B CN 105743132 B CN105743132 B CN 105743132B CN 201610292679 A CN201610292679 A CN 201610292679A CN 105743132 B CN105743132 B CN 105743132B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/08—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems requiring starting of a prime-mover
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system, is divided into one-level distribution, two level distribution, and the one-level distribution is high voltage power distribution, and the two level distribution is low-voltage distribution, and high-tension distributing line and low-voltage distributing line are loop grid；The present invention improves the reliability of power supply, enhances power supply capacity of the main electrical power plant in accident.In two level distribution, standby main power source is provided using low voltage generator group, when any reason causes one-level distribution to fail, graduation two electric energy meets power demand during ship's navigation, it is ensured that navigation safety.When the high-voltage generator in one-level distribution all fails, the low pressure main generator in two level distribution can provide standby high pressure main power source by main distribution transformer boost to high voltage power distributing cabinet, and equipment normal work is maintained to each loading zone distribution.Compared with conventional low ship power supply circuit, the present invention is advantageous to endanger caused by energy-saving and emission-reduction, raising quality of voltage, reduction short circuit, is easy to cable laying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system, belong to ship power supply engineering device technique field.
Background technology
Ship main electrical power plant is the visual plant for producing and distributing electric energy in Ship Electrical Power System, and it is dynamic by generator and its original
Machine, panel, transformer and auxiliary device are formed.
International Maritime Organization (IMO) issue《International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea》(SOLAS) sent out with various countries' maritime sector
The ship construction rules of cloth, to ensure ship maritime safety, there are a series of regulations and requirement to Ship Electrical Power System.Specification provides
Each ship must be equipped with a main power source, and the main power source at least should be made up of two separate generating sets, above-mentioned hair
When the capacity of group of motors must make any generating set break down or be out of service, the capacity of remaining generating set is still enough to supply
Required all devices when supplying electricity to ride the sea.
The extensive use of electric propulsion technology, the continuous improvement of ocean engineering ship comprehensive function and some specific defense preparations
Electricity needs, all make naval vessel main electrical power plant power increasing.For current, the voltage class of most ship main electrical power plants
For three-phase alternating current 400V, 440V and 690V.The ship electric network increasingly increased in face of power, if main electrical power plant maintains conventional low-voltage
It is horizontal, it is difficult to meet the power demand of power system.Most of electrical equipments in Same Efficieney, the volume of low-voltage electrical apparatus with again
Amount is more much bigger than High-Voltage Electrical Appliances, the cross-section of cable, more much bigger times of short circuit current required for transmitting electric power so that low tension
The ability that device bears short circuit current is difficult to meet to require, heavy in section and many cable laying of quantity also had any problem, low pressure supplies,
The negative effect of distribution is more.Although ship electric system can overcome many existing for low-voltage and high-current ask using high pressure supply and distribution
Topic, but the electrical equipment of most of marine vessel power Demand-sides is all low-voltage electrical apparatus, and all to supply distribution using high pressure in full ship is not
Actual.Due to many factors, application of the high-pressure installation in Ship Electrical Power System generates electricity also in the starting stage, but to separate unit
Acc power has been the objective requirement of Technological Economy using high pressure supply and distribution in more than 3MW ship main electrical power plant.
IEC is phase voltage in more than the 1kV high pressure that is set to, and the ship construction rules of major classification society is to ship high-pressure installation
Content it is few, statement be also slightly different, wherein rated voltage, rated frequency and switch to three-phase alternating current high-voltage electric power system
The pertinent regulations of device minimum clearance, the data being summed up are shown in Table 1.
The minimum clearance of the rated voltage of the Marine high voltage electric system of table 1, rated frequency and switching device
| Rated voltage | 3.0/3.3kV | 6.0/6.6kV | 10/11kV | 15/16.5kV |
| Highest voltage for equipment | 3.6kV | 7.2kV | 12kV | 17.5kV |
| Rated frequency | 50/60Hz | 50/60Hz | 50/60Hz | 50/60Hz |
| Minimum clearance | 55mm | 90mm | 120mm | 160mm |
Ship specification allows high-pressure installation using three lines and hull insulation system or three line earth neutral systems；It is it is required that high
Press-fitting electroplax should have the metallic cover shell that completely separated and four sides is all closed；High voltage power distribution arrangement should be able to by drawer type,
The bus-bar of main distribution board is at least divided into independent two parts by drawing and pulling type breaker or switch by disconnecting switch, each
Part is at least powered by an alternating current generator；Specification proposes can be by low-pressure system neutral earthing or the appropriate midpoint of use
Pressure limiting device, come prevent by low-pressure system of the high-pressure system through transformer-supplied because between primary and secondary winding may occur insulation therefore
Hinder and caused overvoltage；Specification has relevant regulations to items such as the ground connection of high-pressure installation, protection, experiments simultaneously.
To prevent ship sea pollution, what International Maritime Organization (IMO) passed through in 1997《Oil pollution from vessels is international public
About》(MARPOL), come into force in 2005.According to statistics, the DS NOx Est amount of global marine vessel discharge in 2008 accounts for discharge always
Amount 18-30%, SOX discharge capacitys account for the 9% of total emission volumn, then in October, 2008, the maritime environment for being under the jurisdiction of IMO is protected
The 58th meeting of the shield committee (MEPC), a strict control reduction is passed through discussion and has come from ship air pollutants noxious emission
International laws and regulations ---《Marine antifouling pact VI-revised edition of supplemental provisions》, ship greenhouse gases are come from reducing or limiting
Technology development and approach to cooperation on achieve major progress；The sessions of MEPC the 64th are held in October, 2012, can go up establishment
Air pollution and efficiency working group, also set up antifouling mandatory provisions amendment and draft group；The sessions of MEPC the 66th in
In March, 2014 holds, and has considerateed and adopted the mandatory file such as air pollution and efficiency, shipping industry greenhouse gases (GHG) emission reduction.
Many countries such as China and American and Britain, method, moral, day, pay much attention to MARPOL work of honouring an agreement, in fulfilment of duty of treaty power, protection
Marine environment and resource, preventing and treating Pollution From Ships infringement promote the sustainable development of shipping, and some countries use certain of IMO comprehensively
A little pacts and proposal, some countries then work out corresponding internal law according to these pacts and proposal, strengthen preventing ship
Dirt management, has issued a series of national regulations of limitation marine exhausts discharges in succession, the ship polluted to super row or not
Standard approaches, or carries out severe sanction measure.Therefore, ship is growing day by day to the urgency for reducing discharge with improving efficiency,
Plus World Economics depression and energy scarcity, cost increase of transporting by sea is caused, promotes shipping business to focus on energy-saving and emission-reduction and drop originally
Synergy.
Under the combined influence of above-mentioned background, design innovation of the ship main electrical power plant premised on safe and reliable and energy-saving and emission-reduction
It is imperative.For capital ship and huge ship ship, more it is necessary to improve the flexibility for distribution, it is ensured that ship electric system is going out
When existing failure or special hair event, it can securely and reliably power, meet demand of all devices required during sail to electric power.Such as
What accomplishes the relevant requirement for making ship main electrical power plant both comply fully with SOLAS and ship specification, and and can meets MARPOL and antifouling subtracted
The regulation of international laws and regulations is arranged, while ensures power supply reliability, it has also become an important topic.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system, solves prior art and fails
The problem of fully meeting safe and reliable ship power supply, energy-saving and emission-reduction, cost efficiency.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
A kind of ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system, is divided into one-level distribution, two level distribution, and the one-level distribution is
High voltage power distribution, the two level distribution are low-voltage distribution, and high-tension distributing line and low-voltage distributing line are loop grid；
The ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system includes high-voltage generator 1G, high-voltage generator 2G, low pressure hair
Motor 1DG, low voltage generator 2DG, high-voltage switch gear 1Q, high-voltage switch gear 2Q, high-voltage switch gear 5Q, high-voltage switch gear 6Q, high-voltage switch gear 7Q,
High-voltage switch gear 8Q, high-voltage switch gear 9Q, high-voltage switch gear 10Q, high-voltage switch gear 13Q, I section of bus-bar of high pressure, high pressure II section of bus-bar, master
Distribution transformer 1T, main distribution transformer 2T, multiple ring main units, I section of bus-bar of low pressure, II section of bus-bar of low pressure, III section of low pressure
Bus-bar, switch 1LQ, switch 2LQ, switch 3LQ, switch 4LQ, switch 5LQ, switch 6LQ, switch 7LQ, switch 8LQ, switch
9LQ, key lighting transformer 3T, key lighting transformer 4T；
The high-voltage generator 1G is through high-voltage switch gear 5Q to I section of bus-bar power supply of high pressure, and the high-voltage generator 2G is through height
The 10Q that compresses switch powers to II section of bus-bar of high pressure；Described I section of bus-bar of high pressure is high through high-voltage switch gear 7Q, high-voltage switch gear 8Q connections
Press II section of bus-bar；The high-voltage switch gear 2Q accesses high voltage shore power power supply to I section of bus-bar of high pressure；The main distribution transformer
1T, main distribution transformer 2T are installed in main electrical power plant, and the high-pressure side of the main distribution transformer 1T connects I section of high pressure through high-voltage switch gear 6Q
Bus-bar, the low-pressure side of the main distribution transformer 1T meet I section of bus-bar of low pressure, the main distribution transformer 2T through switching 4LQ
High-pressure side connect II section of bus-bar of high pressure through high-voltage switch gear 9Q, the low-pressure side of the main distribution transformer 2T through switch 8LQ connect it is low
Press II section of bus-bar；The multiple ring main unit is installed in distant place load concentration zones respectively, and the multiple ring main unit presses ring type wiring,
Ring type connection circuitry one end connects I section of bus-bar of high pressure through high-voltage switch gear 1Q, and the ring type connection circuitry other end connects through high-voltage switch gear 13Q
II section of bus-bar of high pressure；The high-voltage generator 1G, high-voltage generator 2G carry out fortune side by side by ship power station power management device
Row or fanout operation, the generator number of units that can determine to put into operation according to the demand of load by ship power station power management device；
The switch 1LQ accesses low pressure shore electric power to I section of bus-bar of low pressure；The low voltage generator 1DG is through switching 3LQ
Standby low pressure main power source is provided to I section of bus-bar of low pressure, the low voltage generator 2DG is through switching 7LQ to II section of bus-bar of low pressure
Standby low pressure main power source is provided；The low voltage generator 1DG, low voltage generator 2DG are carried out by ship power station power management device
Paired running or fanout operation, the generator that can determine to put into operation according to the demand of load by ship power station power management device
Number of units；Described I section of bus-bar of low pressure is through switching 5LQ, switch 6LQ is connected to II section of bus-bar of low pressure；The key lighting transformer
3T primary side is connected to I section of bus-bar of low pressure, the lateral low pressure main distribution of secondary of the key lighting transformer 3T through switching 2LQ
III section of bus-bar of low pressure of plate provides illumination and the power supply of daily-use electrical appliance；The primary side of the key lighting transformer 4T is through switch
9LQ is connected to I section of bus-bar of low pressure, and III section of the low pressure of the lateral low pressure main distribution board of secondary of the key lighting transformer 4T is confluxed
Row provides illumination and the power supply of daily-use electrical appliance.
The purpose of the present invention can also further be realized by following technical measures：
Foregoing ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system, in addition to emergency generator EG, I section of emergency switchboard conflux
Row, II section of bus-bar of emergency switchboard, interconnection switch 10LQ, disconnecting switch 1EQ, EG main switch 2EQ, emergency power supply feeding switch
3EQ, dry type emergency lighting transformer ET, described I section of bus-bar of emergency switchboard is successively by disconnecting switch 1EQ, interconnection switch
10LQ is connected to II section of bus-bar of low pressure, and the emergency generator EG is connected to I section of emergency switchboard through EG main switches 2EQ and confluxed
Row, the primary side of the dry type emergency lighting transformer ET are connected to I section of remittance of emergency switchboard through emergency power supply feeding switch 3EQ
Stream row, secondary II section of bus-bar of lateral emergency switchboard of the dry type emergency lighting transformer ET provide emergency lighting with it is daily
Electrical equipment power supply.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system of the present invention has the flexibility of distribution, and which thereby enhances power supply
Reliability, enhance power supply capacity of the main electrical power plant in accident.In two level distribution, provided using low voltage generator group standby
With main power source, when any reason causes one-level distribution to fail, graduation two electric energy meets power demand during ship's navigation, it is ensured that
Navigation safety.When the high-voltage generator in one-level distribution all fails, the low pressure main generator in two level distribution can pass through master
Distribution transformer boosts provides standby high pressure main power source to high voltage power distributing cabinet, to each loading zone distribution, maintains visual plant normal
Work.Compared with traditional low pressure ship power supply circuit, the present invention is advantageous to energy-saving and emission-reduction, improves quality of voltage, reduces short circuit
Caused by endanger, be easy to cable laying.Main electrical power plant uses high voltage power supply, is advantageous to select large power supply equipment, improves economical
Property.In one-level and two level distribution, the switch for connecing high voltage shore power and low pressure bank electricity is provided with, is connect for harbour service or when berthing
Bank electricity, polluted when can effectively reduce ship self power generation caused by discharge.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system circuit diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is defeated grey shipowner power station two-stage distribution dual-ring network system circuit diagram.
Embodiment
Ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system is the innovative design to ship ship power network supply side electrical main connecting wire, two
Level distribution refers respectively to high voltage power distribution and low-voltage distribution, and dual-ring network refers respectively to high-tension line looped network and low-voltage circuit looped network.
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the dotted line between each cabinet of high-voltage board represents it is completely separated power distribution cabinet, each cabinet draw out switchgear dress
Put equipped with being effective mechanical interlocking device (" five is anti-" function in operating position and open position：A. prevent on-load from drawing by mistake
Insulating contact is closed by mistake；B. prevent powered conjunction earthed switch with closing breaker (or high voltage load switch) before the non-separating brake of earthed switch；
C. mistakenly entering charged chamber is prevented；D. prevent handcart from pulling out secondary plug at operating position；Opened when e. having prevented electricity cabinet door and
Operated after opening cabinet door), to prevent any type of maloperation, the earthed switch of each high-voltage board is respectively provided with making capacity,
Distribution transformer is dry-type transformer, and being entirely capable of meeting will to main power source and the relevant of high-pressure installation in ship construction rules
Ask.When applying the system on all kinds of naval vessels, it is only necessary in selection voltage class, the size of generator capacity and number of units, high low pressure
These aspects of the hop count of bus-bar, the quantity of high low pressure side feeding switch, the number of units of ring main unit and distribution transformer because of ship and
Different, its electrical main connecting wire can be reduced or extended according to the actual requirements by the pattern.Creep age distance, protection to switch cubicle etc.
The specific things such as level, safeguard procedures, equipotential link, protection equipment, the structure of switching device, inspection, experiment and the selection of cable
, still performed by the regulation of ship specification.
One-level distribution includes with high pressure ring：
(1) 2 the high-voltage generators 1G and 2G determined according to carry calculation result, respectively by high pressure main distribution cabinet
Switch 5Q and 10Q and provide high pressure main power source with II section of bus-bar for I section to high pressure；
(2) the high-voltage switch gear 2Q on high pressure main distribution cabinet is used to access high voltage shore power power supply；
(3) from the switch 6Q on high pressure main distribution cabinet and 9Q respectively to be installed in main electrical power plant (generally in cabin or near
Place) main distribution transformer 1T, 2T high-pressure sides distribution；
(4) high voltage power supply from the switch 1Q on high pressure main distribution cabinet and 13Q respectively to the installing A areas that load is concentrated a long way off
With the distribution transformer high-pressure side distribution in N areas, B areas that horizontal high voltage looped network of going forward side by side is concentrated to load, the distribution transformer high pressure in C areas
Side distribution, such as the high-voltage generator 1G in Fig. 1-high-voltage switch gear 5Q-- high-voltage switch gear 1Q- high-voltage switch gear 22Q- high-voltage switch gears
Ring between 23Q- high-voltage switch gear 25Q- high-voltage switch gear 27Q- high-voltage switch gear 13Q- high-voltage switch gear 10Q- high-voltage generators 2G
Net, high-voltage generator 1G and 2G can carry out paired running by ship power station power management device (PMS) automatic synchronization；
(5) from high-voltage switch gear 3Q, 4Q, 11Q, 12Q (quantity can increase and decrease on demand) on high pressure main distribution cabinet to high voltage electric
Load (such as the equipment such as high-tension motor, dedicated transformer) direct distribution.
Two level distribution includes with low pressure looped network：
(1) main distribution transformer 1T and 2T low-pressure side (being usually 400V or 440V or 690V) is matched somebody with somebody by low pressure master respectively
The switch 4LQ and 8LQ of electroplax provide low pressure main power source to I section, II section bus-bar of low pressure；
(2) two low pressure main generator group 1DG and 2DG are configured, pass through the switch 3LQ and 7LQ of low pressure main distribution board respectively
Respectively standby low pressure main power source is provided to I section, II section bus-bar of low pressure；
(3) the switch 1LQ on low pressure main distribution board is used to access low pressure shore electric power；
(4) from the switch 2LQ and 9LQ of low pressure main distribution board respectively to key lighting transformer 3T and 4T primary side distribution,
3T and 4T primary side (being usually 220V) provides illumination and day electricity consumption to III section of bus-bar of low pressure of low pressure main distribution board respectively
The power supply of device；
(5) from the switch that sets on demand on low pressure main distribution board to the electric loading distribution of low pressure nearby；
(6) from the switch 10LQ on low pressure main distribution board by the disconnecting switch 1EQ of emergency switchboard to emergency switchboard I
Section bus-bar power supply, the switch 3EQ of emergency switchboard is to dry type emergency lighting transformer ET primary side distribution, ET primary side
(being usually 220V) provides emergency lighting and the power supply of daily electrical equipment to II section of bus-bar of emergency switchboard；Emergency switchboard
On the switch that sets on demand to full ship emergency load distribution；
(7) its lateral low pressure of the dry-type distribution transformer low pressure of each electricity consumption load centralization area (A areas, B areas, C areas, N areas) is opened
The bus-bar for closing plate provides power supply, from the feeding switch of each area's low tension switchboard to local area low pressure electric loading distribution；
(8) low pressure main generator group can provide power supply simultaneously by main distribution transformer boost to high-tension busbar if necessary
Carry out low voltage generator 1DG-switch 3LQ-switch 4LQ- main distribution transformer 1T- high-voltage switch gears in looped network, such as Fig. 1
6Q- high-voltage switch gear 1Q- high-voltage switch gear 22Q- high-voltage switch gear 23Q- high-voltage switch gear 25Q- high-voltage switch gear 27Q-- high-voltage switch gears
Looped network between 13Q-- high-voltage switch gears 9Q-main distribution transformer 2T-switch 8LQ-switch 7LQ-low voltage generator 2DG is low
Pressure motor 1DG and 2DG can carry out paired running by PMS automatic synchronizations.
By taking one of certain company defeated grey ship as an example, the ship has disintegrating machine 2, and each motor is Y5003-8 types, specified electricity
0.38kV, delta connection, rated power 630kW, Y/ △ is pressed to start；Defeated ash 102m3/ min screw air compressors 2, every electronic
Machine rated voltage 0.38kV, rated power 600kW, frequency control；Cabin is with other electricity consumption load voltages such as deck machinery
Three-phase alternating current 0.38kV, normal illumination with it is single-phase with the voltage of electric loading be to exchange 0.22kV, the ship is used in harbour service
Electric loading is maximum, calculated load 5280kW.When stopping the said firm's dock operation, there is three-phase alternating current 50Hz, 10kV and 0.4kV bank
Power supply is available.
According to carry calculation result and the situation with electric loading, the installation places of especially above-mentioned 4 powerful devices away from
Cabin disembark farther out, radius of electricity supply all in 200m or so, by technical economic analysis, determines that the shipowner power station supplies distribution using 10kV
In technology, economy, environmental protection etc. advantageously.At harbour with being promoted mainly during dock operation into not working, using 2 promote mainly into
Diesel engine (separate unit power 6600HP) respectively drives 1 10.5kV, 50Hz, 3600kW/4500kVA high-voltage generator (axle band hair
Motor 1HG, 2HG) provide high pressure main power source to I section and II section of bus-bar of high pressure main distribution cabinet respectively；Set 2 10 ± 2 ×
The main step-down transformer 1T and 2T of 2.5%/0.4kV, 1250kVA dry type, its high-pressure side are powered by high pressure main distribution cabinet, low-pressure side
Respectively low pressure main power source is provided to I section and II section of bus-bar of low pressure main distribution board；2 three-phase alternating current 50Hz, 0.4kV of setting,
1000kW/1250kVA main diesel generating set (1DG, 2DG) is respectively to I section of low pressure main distribution board and II section of bus-bar
The standby main power source of low pressure is provided；The Y/ △ starting boxes front end of 2 disintegrating machines respectively installing the special step-down transformer 3T of 1 dry type with
4T (1000kVA, 10/0.4kV), its high-pressure side are powered by high pressure main distribution cabinet；In 2 102m3The change of/min screw air compressors
Frequency device front end respectively configuration 1 decompression and suppress harmonic wave dry type dedicated transformer 5T and 6T (10/0.4kV, 50Hz, V/Y △,
800kVA), its high-pressure side is switched through high pressure ring by high pressure main distribution cabinet and powers and carry out looped network；Cabin and deck machinery etc. are low
Pressure is powered with electric loading by low pressure main distribution board, and disintegrating machine is low by corresponding dedicated transformer with the auxiliary device that air compressor machine is worn
Press side power supply.The program can have both been connect in the said firm's dock operation with 10kV shore electric powers, can connect use when berthing operating mode again
0.4kV shore electric powers.
Because the withstanding voltage for the new material that insulate improves constantly with manufacturing process, make compact-sized, the profile of High-Voltage Electrical Appliances
It is compact, create condition about the limited situation of cabin spaces to adapt to ship.Such as rated operational voltage 7.2-17.5kV, volume
Determine electric current 630A or 1250A metal armored movable high voltage power distributing cabinet, main switch is using vacuum or sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) open circuit
Device, electric/manual operation, appearance and size can be within wide 600mm, high 2000mm, deep 1450mm, if by voltage transformer
(PT) cabinet and incoming line cabinet unification, cabinet is wide can to meet the rule of switching device minimum clearance in table 1 in 900mm or so, electrical appliance arrangement
It is fixed.If load is little, main switch can use sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) on-load switch, and high-voltage board size can further reduce, and cabinet is wide can
Control is in 375mm, high 1600mm, deep 900mm or so.Shipowner's main electrical scheme of station and high-voltage board appearance and size such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.The main switch of Fig. 2 mesohigh main distribution cabinets all using high-pressure vacuum breaker, rated voltage 12kV, rated current 630A,
Rated short circuit drop-out current 20kA, rated short circuit making current 50kA, specified KA Rms 20kA (4S), it also can be selected six
Sulfur fluoride (SF6) breaker, parameters can meet the requirement of the ship power system；It is each on two high-voltage generator switch boards
Install one group of Zinc-Oxide Arrester and carry out overvoltage protection, install two voltage transformers (10/0.1kV) and measurement and protection are provided
Device power supply；One group of grounding switch is respectively housed, to ensure the personal safety in overhaul of the equipments on each high pressure inlet-outlet line cabinet；
Electrification display is respectively arranged with each high-tension switch cabinet, locking high-voltage board cable chamber door when having electricity；1 is installed on bus contact cabinet
Main electrical power plant electricity consumption dry-type transformer (30kVA, 10/0.4kV, Dyn11) supplies main electrical power plant working power；(divided using " three stations "
Lock, combined floodgate, ground connection) combination of type SF6 high voltage load switches+fuse is being controlled to 2 air compressor machine dedicated transformers on the spot
And protection, high pressure ring switch is SF6 high voltage load switches.
Two-stage distribution high pressure ring has the flexibility of distribution, and which thereby enhances the reliability of power supply.In the main electricity of ship
In the case that supply and distribution of standing power is identical, transmission line of electricity current density is constant, result of calculation show high voltage power distribution superiority compared with
It is more.The main feature of two-stage distribution high pressure ring is as follows：
(1) flexibility of one-level distribution improves the reliability of power supply.The traditional distribution system of ship main electrical power plant is radiation
Formula, i.e., power supply is connected to by an equipment by cable all the way from a switch of main distribution board or divides electronic box, to visual plant again
Another way power supply is connected to by the equipment by cable all the way from a switch on another section of bus-bar of main distribution board.Two-stage distribution
The one-level distribution of dual-ring network pattern is that emanant distribution is expanded into looped network formula distribution, there is that a variety of scheme of electric power are available, example
As when certain section of high-tension busbar breaks down or needs interruption maintenance, it can flexibly change scheme of electric power and be entered by looped network
Row distribution.In Fig. 1, I section of bus-bar of high pressure has a power failure, can from the 9Q on II section of bus-bar to main distribution transformer 2T distribution, by
4 station power distribution transformer distribution of the 13Q to each loading zone；II section of bus-bar of high pressure has a power failure, and can be matched somebody with somebody from the 6Q on I section of bus-bar to master
Piezoelectric transformer 1T distribution, from 1Q to 4 station power distribution transformer distribution of each loading zone；, can when two sections of high-tension busbars have electricity
, respectively to 2 station power distribution transformer distribution, can also be supplied from 1Q and 13Q from one of 1Q and 13Q to 1 station power distribution transformer
Electricity, another 1 switchs to other 3 station power distribution transformer distribution；Ship specification is provided to need the equipment of double loop power supply, one-level with
It can be achieved in two level distribution, and there is kinds of schemes to provide power supply standby mutually, such as high pressure is only born to direct-furnish high pressure
Distribution is carried, two main distribution transformers are out of service, powered from 1 or 2 standby main generators to low pressure main distribution board.Flexibly
Scheme of electric power further increase the reliability of power supply, enhance power supply capacity of the main electrical power plant in accident.
(2) standby main power source is set in two level distribution, it is ensured that independently-powered to meet navigation power demand.Ship specification will
Ask for perfection and the demand of ship's navigation electricity consumption must is fulfilled for prime-power generator capacity.This pattern is in two level distribution, using low pressure
Generating set provides standby main power source, when any reason causes one-level distribution to fail, when graduation two electric energy meets ship's navigation
Power demand, it is ensured that navigation safety.
(3) the low pressure main generator in two level distribution can provide standby high pressure main power source to high-tension busbar, maintain full ship
Visual plant normal work.After the high-voltage generator in one-level distribution all fails, the low pressure main generator in two level distribution
Standby high pressure main power source can be provided to high voltage power distributing cabinet by main distribution transformer boost, to each loading zone distribution, maintained important
Equipment normal work.
(4) be advantageous to energy-saving and emission-reduction, improve quality of voltage.With main electrical power plant, at equal-wattage (1MW), electric main circuit is adopted
Contrasted with 0.4kV and 10kV supply and distributions, the latter's rated current can be reduced to the former 1/25；It is close in transmission line of electricity electric current
Spend it is constant in the case of, it is 25 times of the latter that the former, which needs the cross-section of cable, and (it is 1 to set the former internal resistance as 0.04 Ω, the latter's internal resistance
Ω), the loss of voltage is reduced to about the 0.6% of the latter compared with supply and distribution voltage from the former about 14%；Line loss and supply and distribution work(
Rate is compared, and about the 1% of the latter is reduced to from the former about 25%.
(5) harm caused by reducing short circuit is advantageous to.The thermal power of Arcing fault release is with current related, generation electricity
Energy caused by shortness of breath road and electric current it is square directly proportional, to the short-circuit impact electric current of equipment about with rated current into just
Than.For main electrical power plant in equal-wattage using 0.4kV and 10kV supply and distributions, the electric current of the latter is that the former 1/25, internal resistance is 25 times
More than, therefore the latter's short circuit energy is about decreased to the former 0.16%, the electric arc heating power of the latter is about reduced to the former 4%,
So that harm is greatly lowered caused by short circuit.
(6) be advantageous to cost efficiency, be easy to cable laying.The cross-section of cable required for the former transmits electric power is bigger than the latter by 25
Times, low-tension supply equipment copper consumption is far more than the high-voltage power-supply unit of same power, and the very high switchgear of rated short circuit current is not
Only volume is big, price is also very high, therefore the equipment complex investment cost of the former with the latter is substantially suitable.Main electrical power plant using high pressure supply,
Distribution, non-ferrous metal dosage can be reduced, reduce the space that equipment installation takes with cable laying, the work for mitigating cabling is strong
Degree, mitigate ship deadweight, vessel operating expenditures can be reduced.
(7) be advantageous to select large power supply equipment, improve economy.Ship main electrical power plant is powered according to 0.4kV, is generated electricity
The separate unit power of machine is often restricted, such as main electrical power plant power is 8MW, and 4 separate unit power of general only configuration are 2MW's
Low voltage generator (every rated current has reached 2886A), be not easy to using main frame be driven it is necessary to have installation 4 hair
The 4 sets of pipings in place and configuration of group of motors, and the air-break for needing rated current to be at least 4000A and high short-circuit capacity
Main switch is made, it is 95mm that connecting cable, which at least wants section,2More than 15, cable；, can be with if main electrical power plant is powered using 10kV
From 2 separate unit power be 4MW generator (every rated current only has 231A), can using promote mainly into main frame driven
It is dynamic to become axle generator, installing space is not only taken less and reduces piping configuration, and rated current 630A high pressure
Vacuum circuit breaker or SF6 breakers can be competent at main switch, connecting cable section 70mm22, cable；Generating board
Number increases, and main distribution board quantity also will accordingly increase, again to account for installing space more, and increases the difficulty of operational management.It is main
If power station power in more than 10MW, such issues that will more protrude.Main electrical power plant uses high voltage power supply, has by contrast higher
Economy.
(8) two-stage distribution ensure that a large amount of low-voltage electrical apparatus normal electricity consumptions and economic electricity consumption.Main power source uses high-voltage generator
There is provided, can be provided by high voltage shore power during landing pier, with high pressure to the direct distribution of high power load and matching somebody with somebody to load centralization area
Piezoelectric transformer carries out one-level distribution, can fully demonstrate the superiority of high pressure supply and distribution, but all to use High-Voltage Electrical Appliances in full ship
It is unpractiaca；Reality is that overwhelming majority electric loading is all low-voltage electrical apparatus in Ship Electrical Power System, and two-stage power distribution mode will match somebody with somebody
Piezoelectric transformer is installed in load centre, and its high-pressure side carries out one-level distribution, and low-pressure side is by low tension switchboard with emanant to just
Nearly low pressure carries out two level distribution with electric loading, ensure that a large amount of low-voltage electrical apparatus normal electricity consumptions and economic electricity consumption.
(9) bank electricity can be made full use of.In one-level and two level distribution, respectively in high-tension busbar with being set on low-voltage bus-bar
The switch for connecing high voltage shore power and low pressure bank electricity is equipped with, bank electricity is connect for harbour service or when berthing, it is spontaneous can effectively to reduce ship
Polluted when electric caused by discharge.
(10) one-level and two level distribution all have autgmentability and open up benefit.Generator in one-level and two level distribution and to
The switch that high and low pressure is fed with electric loading can be configured by actual demand；High-voltage generator can pass through synchronous with low voltage generator
Device carries out and the mutual transferring load of car, and interruption of power supply is not needed during generator is switched.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment, all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
Into technical scheme, all fall within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system, it is characterised in that it is divided into one-level distribution, two level distribution, it is described One-level distribution is high voltage power distribution, and the two level distribution is low-voltage distribution, and high-tension distributing line and low-voltage distributing line are looped network Circuit；The ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system includes high-voltage generator 1G, high-voltage generator 2G, low voltage generator 1DG, low voltage generator 2DG, high-voltage switch gear 1Q, high-voltage switch gear 2Q, high-voltage switch gear 5Q, high-voltage switch gear 6Q, high-voltage switch gear 7Q, high pressure Switch 8Q, high-voltage switch gear 9Q, high-voltage switch gear 10Q, high-voltage switch gear 13Q, I section of bus-bar of high pressure, high pressure II section of bus-bar, main distribution Transformer 1T, main distribution transformer 2T, multiple ring main units, I section of bus-bar of low pressure, II section of bus-bar of low pressure, III section of low pressure are confluxed Row, switch 1LQ, switch 2LQ, switch 3LQ, switch 4LQ, switch 5LQ, switch 6LQ, switch 7LQ, switch 8LQ, switch 9LQ, master Lighting transformer 3T, key lighting transformer 4T；The high-voltage generator 1G presses off through high-voltage switch gear 5Q to I section of bus-bar power supply of high pressure, the high-voltage generator 2G through height 10Q is closed to II section of bus-bar power supply of high pressure；Described I section of bus-bar of high pressure is through high-voltage switch gear 7Q, high-voltage switch gear 8Q connections high pressure II Section bus-bar；The high-voltage switch gear 2Q accesses high voltage shore power power supply to I section of bus-bar of high pressure；The main distribution transformer 1T, master Distribution transformer 2T is installed in main electrical power plant, and the high-pressure side of the main distribution transformer 1T connects I section of high pressure through high-voltage switch gear 6Q and confluxed Row, the low-pressure side of the main distribution transformer 1T connect I section of bus-bar of low pressure, the height of the main distribution transformer 2T through switching 4LQ Pressure side connects II section of bus-bar of high pressure through high-voltage switch gear 9Q, and the low-pressure side of the main distribution transformer 2T connects low pressure II through switching 8LQ Section bus-bar；The multiple ring main unit is installed in distant place load concentration zones respectively, and the multiple ring main unit presses ring type wiring, ring type Connection circuitry one end connects I section of bus-bar of high pressure through high-voltage switch gear 1Q, and the ring type connection circuitry other end connects high pressure through high-voltage switch gear 13Q II section of bus-bar；The high-voltage generator 1G, high-voltage generator 2G by ship power station power management device carry out paired running or Fanout operation, the generator number of units that can determine to put into operation according to the demand of load by ship power station power management device；The switch 1LQ accesses low pressure shore electric power to I section of bus-bar of low pressure；The low voltage generator 1DG is through switching 3LQ to low I section of bus-bar of pressure provides standby low pressure main power source, and the low voltage generator 2DG provides through switching 7LQ to II section of bus-bar of low pressure Standby low pressure main power source；The low voltage generator 1DG, low voltage generator 2DG are carried out arranged side by side by ship power station power management device Operation or fanout operation, the generating board that can determine to put into operation according to the demand of load by ship power station power management device Number；Described I section of bus-bar of low pressure is through switching 5LQ, switch 6LQ is connected to II section of bus-bar of low pressure；The key lighting transformer 3T Primary side be connected to I section of bus-bar of low pressure through switching 2LQ, the lateral low pressure main distribution board of secondary of the key lighting transformer 3T III section of bus-bar of low pressure illumination and the power supply of daily-use electrical appliance are provided；The primary side of the key lighting transformer 4T is through switching 9LQ It is connected to I section of bus-bar of low pressure, III section of bus-bar of low pressure of the lateral low pressure main distribution board of secondary of the key lighting transformer 4T Illumination and the power supply of daily-use electrical appliance are provided.
- 2. ship main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including emergency power generation Machine EG, I section of bus-bar of emergency switchboard, II section of bus-bar of emergency switchboard, interconnection switch 10LQ, disconnecting switch 1EQ, EG master open 2EQ, emergency power supply feeding switch 3EQ, dry type emergency lighting transformer ET are closed, described I section of bus-bar of emergency switchboard passes through successively Cross disconnecting switch 1EQ, interconnection switch 10LQ is connected to II section of bus-bar of low pressure, the emergency generator EG is through EG main switches 2EQ I section of bus-bar of emergency switchboard is connected to, the primary side of the dry type emergency lighting transformer ET is through emergency power supply feeding switch 3EQ is connected to I section of bus-bar of emergency switchboard, lateral II section of the emergency switchboard of secondary of the dry type emergency lighting transformer ET Bus-bar provides emergency lighting and daily electrical equipment power supply.
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| CN106208140A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-12-07 | 湖南大学 | A kind of high-power two-way ship shore electric power system |
| CN106877016A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-20 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Ship earthed system |
| CN110476321B (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2024-02-13 | 西门子能源有限责任公司 | Distribution of electrical energy on board a ship |
| CN107065626B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2019-06-14 | 广船国际有限公司 | Verification method, device and the network of ship system of voltage control performance |
| CN107450360A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-08 | 江西清华泰豪三波电机有限公司 | Improve positive pole, negative pole and positive pole and the control system of negative pole line conduction reliability |
| CN107979088A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-01 | 镇江赛尔尼柯自动化有限公司 | Ship low pressure looped network distribution system |
| CN109494869A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-19 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of atomic-powered ship electric system |
| CN111293782A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-16 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Intelligent power distribution system for power distribution station |
| CN109638828A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-16 | 上海中远船务工程有限公司 | A kind of jack up MOPU economy electric system |
| CN111478188B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2022-12-20 | 南京合智电力科技有限公司 | Intelligent high-voltage switch |
| CN113868810B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2024-06-18 | 广州澳宾信息科技有限公司 | Electrical drawing method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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| DK2807743T3 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2016-04-04 | Senvion Gmbh | Wind park oversvingningsprediktor and method thereof |
| CN205724936U (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏省镇江船厂（集团）有限公司 | Boats and ships main electrical power plant two-stage distribution dual-ring network system |
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