CN203352187U - Single-phase combined co-phased power supply and transformation device - Google Patents
Single-phase combined co-phased power supply and transformation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种单相组合式同相供变电装置,主要包括牵引变压器和同相补偿装置(CPD)。同相补偿装置中:高压匹配变压器原边和牵引变压器原边构成SCOTT连接组,其次边绕组连接交直交变流器入端,交直交变流器出端连接牵引匹配变压器原边。牵引变压器次边绕组和牵引匹配变压器次边绕组的电压幅值和相位相同且均与牵引母线相接;牵引负荷计算容量=牵引变压器计算容量+同相补偿装置计算容量,牵引变压器担负主要供电任务,同相补偿装置计算容量由引起三相电压不平衡度超标部分的牵引负荷的容量确定;本实用新型可实现牵引供电资源的最佳配置,取得更好的节能效果。
The utility model discloses a single-phase combined type in-phase power supply and transformation device, which mainly includes a traction transformer and a co-phase compensation device (CPD). In the same-phase compensation device: the primary side of the high-voltage matching transformer and the primary side of the traction transformer form a SCOTT connection group, the secondary winding is connected to the input end of the AC-DC converter, and the output end of the AC-DC converter is connected to the primary side of the traction matching transformer. The voltage amplitude and phase of the secondary winding of the traction transformer and the secondary winding of the traction matching transformer are the same and both are connected to the traction busbar; the calculated capacity of the traction load = the calculated capacity of the traction transformer + the calculated capacity of the same-phase compensation device, the traction transformer is responsible for the main power supply task, The calculation capacity of the same-phase compensation device is determined by the capacity of the traction load that causes the three-phase voltage imbalance to exceed the standard; the utility model can realize the optimal allocation of traction power supply resources and achieve better energy-saving effects.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及交流电气化铁路供电领域,尤其涉及一种单相组合式同相供变电装置。 The utility model relates to the field of AC electrified railway power supply, in particular to a single-phase combined type in-phase power supply and transformation device. the
背景技术 Background technique
电气化铁道普遍采用由公用电力系统供电的单相工频交流制,为使单相的牵引负荷在三相电力系统中尽可能平衡分配,电气化铁道往往采用轮换相序、分相分区供电的方案。分相分区处的相邻供电区之间用分相绝缘器分割,形成电分相,也称分相。为防止电力机车带电通过电分相发射因燃弧而烧坏接触网悬挂部件,甚至导致相间短路等事故,随着列车速度的不断升高,在司机无法手动进行退级、关辅助机组、断主断路器、靠列车惯性驶过中性段、再合主断路器、合辅助机组、进级恢复牵引功率来完成过分相的情况下,采用了自动过分相技术,主要有地面开关自动切换过分相、车载自动过分相以及柱上自动过分相等几种,但仍存在开关切换中列车通过电分相的暂态电气过程,易产生较大的操作过电压或过电流,造成牵引网与车载设备烧损等事故,甚至导致自动过分相操作失败,影响供电可靠性和列车安全运行。因此,电分相环节是整个牵引供电系统中最薄弱的环节,列车过分相成为了高速铁路乃至整个电气化铁路牵引供电的瓶颈。 Electrified railways generally adopt the single-phase power frequency AC system powered by the public power system. In order to make the single-phase traction load be distributed as balanced as possible in the three-phase power system, the electrified railway often adopts the scheme of rotating phase sequence and separate phase and partition power supply. The adjacent power supply areas at the phase-splitting partitions are divided by phase-splitting insulators to form electrical split phases, also known as phase splits. In order to prevent electric locomotives from burning out catenary suspension components due to arcing through electric split-phase emission, and even causing phase-to-phase short-circuit and other accidents, as the train speed continues to increase, when the driver cannot manually degrade, turn off auxiliary units, and disconnect When the main circuit breaker is driven through the neutral section by the inertia of the train, the main circuit breaker is closed again, the auxiliary unit is closed, and the traction power is upgraded to restore the traction power to complete the over-phase separation, the automatic over-phase separation technology is adopted, mainly including the automatic switching of the ground switch. phase, on-board automatic over-phase, and pole-mounted automatic over-phase equalization, but there are still transient electrical processes in which the train passes through the electric phase during switching, which is easy to generate large operating overvoltage or overcurrent, causing damage to the traction network and on-board equipment. Accidents such as burnout may even lead to the failure of automatic over-phase separation operation, which affects the reliability of power supply and the safe operation of trains. Therefore, the electrical phase separation link is the weakest link in the entire traction power supply system, and the excessive phase separation of trains has become the bottleneck of traction power supply for high-speed railways and even the entire electrified railway. the
高速和重载铁路已广泛采用基于IGBT、IGCT等全控型器件的大功率交直交型电力机车或动车组,其核心是多组四象限PWM控制和多重化控制的牵引变流器,谐波含量小,功率因数接近于1,但交直交型电力机车或动车组牵引功率大,如大编组运行的单车高速动车组其额定功率达25MW(相当普速铁路5列车),这些大量开行的大功率单相负荷对三相电网造成的日益严重的以三相电压不平衡度(负序)为主的电能质量问题日益严重,不能不受到重视。 High-speed and heavy-duty railways have widely used high-power AC-DC electric locomotives or EMUs based on full-control devices such as IGBTs and IGCTs. The core is traction converters with multiple sets of four-quadrant PWM control and multiple control. The content is small, and the power factor is close to 1, but the traction power of AC-DC electric locomotives or EMUs is large. For example, the rated power of single-vehicle high-speed EMUs running in large formations can reach 25MW (equivalent to 5 trains on ordinary speed railways). The increasingly serious power quality problems caused by power single-phase loads on the three-phase grid, mainly caused by three-phase voltage unbalance (negative sequence), must be paid attention to. the
理论和实践表明采用同相供电技术可以在取消牵引变电所出口处电分相、消除供电瓶颈、增加供电能力、增强节能效果的同时,还能有效治理负序电流、达到以三相电压不平衡度国标限值为主的电能质量要求,有利于促进电力与铁路的共同与和谐发展。 Theory and practice show that the use of the same-phase power supply technology can effectively control the negative-sequence current and achieve three-phase voltage imbalance while canceling the electrical phase separation at the exit of the traction substation, eliminating the power supply bottleneck, increasing the power supply capacity, and enhancing the energy-saving effect. The power quality requirements based on national standard limits are conducive to promoting the common and harmonious development of electric power and railways. the
现阶段实现同相供电的一个关键是牵引网的电压相位,它由一定接线方式的牵引变压器的牵引端口决定。考虑到牵引变电所中各种牵引变压器最简捷、最经济的接线方式是单相牵引变压器,那么,可将用于同相供电系统的牵引变电所的接线方式分为两类,即一类为能与单相牵引变压器构成同相供电的牵引变压器,属于线电压型,另一类,属于非线电压型,主要是相电压型。 A key to realize the same-phase power supply at this stage is the voltage phase of the traction network, which is determined by the traction port of the traction transformer with a certain wiring mode. Considering that the simplest and most economical wiring method of various traction transformers in traction substations is single-phase traction transformers, then the wiring methods of traction substations used in the same-phase power supply system can be divided into two categories, namely one The traction transformer that can form the same phase power supply with the single-phase traction transformer belongs to the line voltage type, and the other type belongs to the non-line voltage type, mainly the phase voltage type. the
相电压型的主要代表是YNd11接线的牵引变电所,它在国内既有普速铁路上应用较为普遍,可以自成系统,即把既有铁路的两相供电改造为同相供电。然而,在三相电压不平衡度(负序)不达标的场合需要安装同相(对称)补偿装置,该装置需要在牵引侧的3个端口进行补偿,结构较复杂,同时,与最小值相比需要增加1/3的同相补偿容量,另外,在三相电压不平衡度(负序)满足要求的场合无需同相(对称)补偿时,用其中的一相来进行同相供电将造成YNd11接线牵引变压器容量的较大浪费(达2/3),很不经济。因此,很难在新建铁路全线推广YNd11接线牵引变压器来实施同相供电。 The main representative of the phase-voltage type is the traction substation with YNd11 connection, which is widely used on existing domestic ordinary-speed railways and can be a self-contained system, that is, transforming the two-phase power supply of the existing railways into the same-phase power supply. However, in the case where the three-phase voltage unbalance (negative sequence) does not meet the standard, it is necessary to install the same-phase (symmetrical) compensation device, which needs to be compensated at the three ports on the traction side, and the structure is more complicated. At the same time, compared with the minimum It is necessary to add 1/3 of the same-phase compensation capacity. In addition, when the three-phase voltage unbalance (negative sequence) meets the requirements and does not need the same-phase (symmetrical) compensation, using one of the phases for the same-phase power supply will cause YNd11 wiring traction transformers Large waste of capacity (up to 2/3), very uneconomical. Therefore, it is difficult to promote YNd11 wiring traction transformers to implement same-phase power supply on the whole line of new railways. the
除了单相牵引变压器,线电压型的同相供电可以来自三相-两相平衡接线变压器,其中多数三相-两相平衡接线的一个端口为线电压,另一个端口为相电压,如Scott,Leblanc、(变型)Wood-Bridge及YNvd等,其中的线电压可以与单相牵引变压器的牵引变电所配合实现全线同相供电,是为优点,但缺点是三相-两相平衡接线牵引变压器需要特殊制造,比标准接线变压器费用增加,并将造成牵引备用变压器的部分容量闲置,影响经济性,也很难在新建铁路上全线推广。 In addition to the single-phase traction transformer, the same-phase power supply of the line voltage type can come from a three-phase-two-phase balanced wiring transformer, in which one port of most three-phase-two-phase balanced wiring is the line voltage, and the other port is the phase voltage, such as Scott, Leblanc, (variant) Wood-Bridge and YNvd, etc., among them, the line voltage can cooperate with the traction substation of the single-phase traction transformer to realize the same phase power supply of the whole line, which is an advantage, but the disadvantage is that the three-phase-two-phase balanced wiring traction transformer needs Special manufacturing will increase the cost of standard wiring transformers, and will cause part of the capacity of the traction backup transformer to be idle, which will affect the economy, and it is difficult to promote it on the whole line of the new railway. the
显然,以牵引变电所的牵引变压器接线方式中最简捷、最经济的单相牵引变压器为基础,在必要时配以适量的同相(对称)补偿装置,达到取消牵引变电所出口处电分相以消除供电瓶颈,治理负序以满足三相电压不平衡度(负序)限值的电能质量要求为目标,从而实现牵引变电所接线方式和供电装置容量的最佳匹配才是新建铁路实现同相供电的最佳选择。 Obviously, based on the simplest and most economical single-phase traction transformer in the traction transformer wiring mode of the traction substation, if necessary, it is equipped with an appropriate amount of in-phase (symmetrical) compensation device to achieve the elimination of the electrical substation at the exit of the traction substation. The goal is to eliminate power supply bottlenecks and control the negative sequence to meet the power quality requirements of the three-phase voltage unbalance (negative sequence) limit, so as to achieve the best match between the wiring mode of the traction substation and the capacity of the power supply device. Best choice for in-phase power supply. the
为此,本发明人曾提出了一种单相三相组合式同相供变电装置(发明申请号:201210583674.X),即通过单相牵引变压器的线电压和YNd11三相变压器的相电压的组合配以交直交变流器来实现同相供电的一种最佳匹配,适于中性点大电流接地系统和/或需要输出三相自用电的场合,但YNd11三相变压器用于单相负荷使得其绕组容量得不到充分利用,对此,提出一种适于不需要中性 点大电流接地、不需要输出三相自用电场合的由单相牵引变压器和交直交变流器组合的最佳匹配来实现的同相供变电装置,相比于单相三相组合式同相供变电装置,其主接线更为简单,投资亦可进一步减少。 For this reason, the inventor once proposed a single-phase three-phase combined in-phase power supply and transformation device (invention application number: 201210583674.X), that is, through the line voltage of the single-phase traction transformer and the phase voltage of the YNd11 three-phase transformer Combination with AC-DC-AC converter to achieve the best matching of the same phase power supply, suitable for neutral point large current grounding system and/or occasions that need to output three-phase self-consumption power, but YNd11 three-phase transformer is used for single-phase The load makes its winding capacity not fully utilized. In this regard, a combination of single-phase traction transformer and AC-DC-AC converter is proposed, which is suitable for occasions that do not require large-current grounding of the neutral point and do not need to output three-phase self-consumption electricity. Compared with the single-phase three-phase combined in-phase power supply and transformation device, the same-phase power supply and transformation device realized by the best matching, its main wiring is simpler, and the investment can be further reduced. the
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型的目的就是提供一种单相组合式同相供变电装置,它能有效地实现电气化铁路同相供电的技术经济最优化,同时,能够消除电气化铁路单相负荷造成的三相系统的负序(电压不平衡)问题。 The purpose of this utility model is to provide a single-phase combined in-phase power supply and transformation device, which can effectively realize the technical and economic optimization of the same-phase power supply for electrified railways, and at the same time, can eliminate the load of the three-phase system caused by the single-phase load of electrified railways. Sequence (voltage imbalance) problems. the
本实用新型的目的是由以下技术方案来实现的:一种同相供变电装置包括牵引变压器(TT)、牵引备用变压器(TB)和同相补偿装置(CPD);同相补偿装置(CPD);由高压匹配变压器(HMT)、交直交变流器(ADA)和牵引匹配变压器(TMT)构成;牵引变压器(TT)、牵引备用变压器(TB)和同相补偿装置(CPD)均为单相结构;高压匹配变压器(HMT)原边绕组的一端T0分别与牵引变压器(TT)和牵引备用变压器(TB)原边绕组中点相接;牵引变压器(TT)原边绕组和牵引备用变压器(TB)原边绕组连接电力系统同一线电压,即连接在三相中的相同的两相之间,高压匹配变压器(HMT)原边绕组的另一端T1连接三相中的另一相;高压匹配变压器(HMT)次边绕组连接交直交变流器(ADA)入端;交直交变流器(ADA)出端连接牵引匹配变压器(TMT)原边,产生与牵引变压器(TT)相同相位和频率的电压;牵引变压器(TT)次边绕组、牵引备用变压器(TB)次边绕组和牵引匹配变压器(TMT)次边绕组的电压幅值和相位相同且均与牵引母线相接;当牵引变压器(TT)故障或按计划检修时,牵引备用变压器(TB)投入运行。 The purpose of this utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions: a co-phase power supply and transformation device includes a traction transformer (TT), a traction backup transformer (TB) and a co-phase compensation device (CPD); a co-phase compensation device (CPD); Composed of high-voltage matching transformer (HMT), AC-DC converter (ADA) and traction matching transformer (TMT); traction transformer (TT), traction backup transformer (TB) and co-phase compensation device (CPD) are all single-phase structures; One end T0 of the primary winding of the matching transformer (HMT) is respectively connected to the middle points of the primary windings of the traction transformer (TT) and the traction standby transformer (TB); the primary winding of the traction transformer (TT) and the primary winding of the traction standby transformer (TB) The winding is connected to the same line voltage of the power system, that is, it is connected between the same two phases of the three phases, and the other end T1 of the primary winding of the high voltage matching transformer (HMT) is connected to the other phase of the three phases; the high voltage matching transformer (HMT) The secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the AC-DC converter (ADA); the output terminal of the AC-DC converter (ADA) is connected to the primary side of the traction matching transformer (TMT) to generate a voltage with the same phase and frequency as the traction transformer (TT); The transformer (TT) secondary winding, the traction backup transformer (TB) secondary winding and the traction matching transformer (TMT) secondary winding have the same voltage amplitude and phase and are all connected to the traction bus; when the traction transformer (TT) fails or During the planned maintenance, the traction backup transformer (TB) was put into operation. the
若配备高压匹配备用变压器HMTB,可仿照牵引变压器(TT)故障或检修时的运行模式;若高压匹配变压器HMT与牵引变压器TT组装在一个箱体内,高压匹配备用变压器HMTB与牵引备用变压器TB组装在一个箱体内,则应整体退出或运行。 If equipped with high-voltage matching backup transformer HMTB, it can follow the operation mode of traction transformer (TT) failure or maintenance; if high-voltage matching transformer HMT and traction transformer TT are assembled in one box, high-voltage matching backup transformer HMTB and traction backup transformer TB are assembled in If it is inside a box, it should exit or run as a whole. the
本实用新型的工作原理是: The working principle of the utility model is:
牵引变压器(TT)和牵引备用变压器(TB)分别与高压匹配变压器(HMT)构成不等边SCOTT连接组,即构成一种供电容量不等、电压幅值不等、电压相位垂直的特殊的三相-两相平衡变压器。 The traction transformer (TT) and the traction backup transformer (TB) respectively form a unequal SCOTT connection group with the high voltage matching transformer (HMT), which constitutes a special three-way power supply with unequal power supply capacity, unequal voltage amplitude, and vertical voltage phase. Phase-to-two-phase balancing transformer. the
正常运行中,牵引变压器(TT)和同相补偿装置(CPD)一道给牵引网的 牵引负荷供电,牵引变压器(TT)担负主要供电任务,同相补偿装置(CPD)担负次要供电任务,牵引变压器(TT)计算容量+同相补偿装置(CPD)计算容量=牵引负荷计算容量;同相补偿装置(CPD)计算容量由引起三相电压不平衡度超标(超过国家标准限值规定)部分的牵引负荷的容量确定。 In normal operation, the traction transformer (TT) and the same-phase compensation device (CPD) together supply power to the traction load of the traction network. The traction transformer (TT) is responsible for the main power supply task, and the common-phase compensation device (CPD) is responsible for the secondary power supply task. The traction transformer ( TT) calculation capacity + common phase compensation device (CPD) calculation capacity = traction load calculation capacity; common phase compensation device (CPD) calculation capacity is the capacity of the traction load that causes the three-phase voltage imbalance to exceed the standard (beyond the national standard limit value) Sure. the
即是说,在正常工作过程中,当牵引负荷功率小于或等于同相补偿装置(CPD)额定容量的2倍时,牵引变压器(TT)和同相补偿装置(CPD)分别担负牵引负荷功率的1/2,此时负序电流得以完全补偿,由此引起的三相电压不平衡度为零;当牵引负荷功率大于同相补偿装置(CPD)额定容量的2倍时,同相补偿装置(CPD)按其额定容量供给,多余部分由牵引变压器(TT)供给,此时有剩余负序电流流通并造成电压不平衡,但它产生的三相电压不平衡度满足国标要求,即不会超标。 That is to say, in the normal working process, when the traction load power is less than or equal to twice the rated capacity of the same-phase compensation device (CPD), the traction transformer (TT) and the same-phase compensation device (CPD) respectively bear 1/1 of the traction load power 2. At this time, the negative sequence current can be fully compensated, and the resulting three-phase voltage unbalance is zero; when the traction load power is greater than twice the rated capacity of the same-phase compensation device (CPD), the same-phase compensation device (CPD) will The rated capacity is supplied, and the excess part is supplied by the traction transformer (TT). At this time, the residual negative sequence current flows and causes voltage unbalance, but the three-phase voltage unbalance produced by it meets the national standard requirements, that is, it will not exceed the standard. the
必要时同相补偿装置(CPD)还可提供牵引负荷所需的无功功率和谐波补偿电流。 If necessary, the common phase compensation device (CPD) can also provide the reactive power and harmonic compensation current required by the traction load. the
不考虑同相补偿装置(CPD)中交直交变流器(ADA)的过载能力,则选择同相补偿装置(CPD)计算容量=交直交变流器(ADA)额定容量,而其中的高压匹配变压器(HMT)和牵引匹配变压器(TMT)额定容量可参考交直交变流器(ADA)额定容量和自身过负荷能力确定。牵引备用变压器(TB)容量主要应根据牵引变压器(TT)和同相补偿装置(CPD)的故障情况和检修要求确定,同时考虑对应的三相电压不平衡度的影响,一般选择与牵引变压器(TT)相同容量或增减一个容量等级的牵引变压器。 Regardless of the overload capacity of the AC-DC-AC converter (ADA) in the same-phase compensation device (CPD), the calculation capacity of the non-phase compensation device (CPD) = the rated capacity of the AC-DC-AC converter (ADA), and the high-voltage matching transformer ( HMT) and the rated capacity of the traction matching transformer (TMT) can be determined by referring to the rated capacity of the AC-DC converter (ADA) and its own overload capacity. The capacity of the traction backup transformer (TB) should be determined mainly according to the failure conditions and maintenance requirements of the traction transformer (TT) and the common-phase compensation device (CPD), while considering the influence of the corresponding three-phase voltage unbalance. ) Traction transformers with the same capacity or one capacity level increased or decreased. the
本实用新型与现有技术相比的有益效果是: The beneficial effects of the utility model compared with the prior art are:
一、本实用新型可以最大程度减少价格昂贵的同相补偿装置(CPD)中交直交变流器(ADA)的容量及其所占比重,有效减少同相供变电装置的一次性投资。 1. The utility model can minimize the capacity and proportion of the AC-DC-AC converter (ADA) in the expensive common-phase compensation device (CPD), and effectively reduce the one-time investment of the same-phase power supply and transformation device. the
二、本实用新型提出牵引变压器和同相补偿装置(CPD)的新式组合,在取消牵引变电所出口处的电分相环节之同时,进一步简化了牵引变电所主接线结构。 2. The utility model proposes a new combination of traction transformer and co-phase compensation device (CPD), which further simplifies the main wiring structure of the traction substation while canceling the electric phase separation link at the exit of the traction substation. the
三、本实用新型可提高牵引变电所的供电资源与设备利用率。单相牵引变压器的绕组(铜材)利用率为1,同相补偿装置(CPD);中的负荷会在牵引变压器原边绕组额外占有一定的分量,但通常这一分量较小,只会对绕组利用率 造成几个百分点的影响,即使如此,其绕组利用率仍然高于既有三相-两相牵引变压器,也高于用于同相供电时的Vv接线和Vx接线牵引变压器的利用率。 3. The utility model can improve the power supply resource and equipment utilization rate of the traction substation. The utilization rate of winding (copper material) of single-phase traction transformer is 1, and the load in the same-phase compensation device (CPD) will occupy a certain amount of additional weight in the primary winding of the traction transformer, but usually this weight is small and will only affect the winding Utilization has an impact of several percentage points, even so, its winding utilization is still higher than that of existing three-phase-two-phase traction transformers, and higher than that of Vv wiring and Vx wiring traction transformers used for the same phase supply. the
四、本实用新型可进一步增强牵引供电系统的节能效果。实施同相供电后,牵引变电所的上下行供电臂合并,更有利于其中运行的多组列车牵引与再生电能的相互利用,减少从电力系统的用电,加之同相补偿装置(CPD)工况的可逆性,当牵引供电系统中的列车处于再生工况时,还可向电力系统送出达标的电能,大大增加节能效果。 4. The utility model can further enhance the energy-saving effect of the traction power supply system. After the implementation of the same-phase power supply, the combination of the upper and lower power supply arms of the traction substation is more conducive to the mutual utilization of the traction and regenerative power of multiple trains running in it, reducing the power consumption of the power system, and the working condition of the same-phase compensation device (CPD) When the train in the traction power supply system is in regenerative condition, it can also send the standard electric energy to the power system, which greatly increases the energy saving effect. the
五、本实用新型除了适于直接供电的牵引变电所和牵引网外,亦用于AT供电的牵引变电所及其牵引网。 5. The utility model is not only suitable for traction substations and traction networks with direct power supply, but also applicable to traction substations and traction networks with AT power supply. the
六、本实用新型技术先进、可靠,易于实施。 Six, the utility model is advanced in technology, reliable and easy to implement. the
本实用新型可配备高压匹配变压器HM相同的高压匹配备用变压器HMTB,高压匹配变压器HMT与牵引变压器TT组装在一个箱体内,高压匹配备用变压器HMTB与牵引备用变压器TB组装在一个箱体内,减少占地面积。 The utility model can be equipped with the same high-voltage matching transformer HM as the high-voltage matching standby transformer HMTB. The high-voltage matching transformer HMT and the traction transformer TT are assembled in one box, and the high-voltage matching standby transformer HMTB and the traction standby transformer TB are assembled in one box, which reduces the occupied area. area. the
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步的描述。 Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the utility model is further described. the
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是实施例的牵引变电所的同相供变电装置示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the same-phase power supply and transformation device of the traction substation of the embodiment. the
图2是本实用新型同相补偿装置(CPD)中的交直交变流器连接示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the AC-DC-AC converter in the same-phase compensation device (CPD) of the present invention. the
图3是本实用新型配备高压匹配备用变压器的同相供变电装置示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the same-phase power supply and transformation device equipped with a high-voltage matching backup transformer of the present invention. the
图4是本实用新型用于2×27.5kV的AT牵引供电系统的一种连接示意图。 Fig. 4 is a connection schematic diagram of the utility model used in a 2×27.5kV AT traction power supply system. the
图5是本实用新型配备高压匹配备用变压器的用于2×27.5kV的AT牵引供电系统的一种同相供变电装置示意图。 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an in-phase power supply and transformation device for a 2×27.5kV AT traction power supply system equipped with a high-voltage matching backup transformer of the present invention. the
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例 Example
如图1所示,一种同相供变电装置示意图,包括牵引变压器(TT)、牵引备用变压器(TB)和同相补偿装置(CPD);同相补偿装置(CPD)由高压匹配变压器(HMT)、交直交变流器(ADA)和牵引匹配变压器(TMT)构成;牵引变压器(TT)、牵引备用变压器(TB)和同相补偿装置(CPD)均为单相结构;高压匹配变压器(HMT)原边绕组的一端T0分别与牵引变压器(TT)和牵引备用变压器(TB)原边绕组中点相接;牵引变压器(TT)原边绕组和牵引备用变压器(TB)原边绕组连接电力系统高压母线H-Bus的同一线电压,图中为AB线电压 (次边为ab线电压),即连接在三相中的A、B两相之间,高压匹配变压器(HMT)原边绕组的另一端T1连接三相中的另一相,图中为C相(次边为c相);高压匹配变压器(HMT)次边绕组连接交直交变流器(ADA)入端;交直交变流器(ADA)出端连接牵引匹配变压器(TMT)原边,产生与牵引变压器(TT)相同相位和频率的电压;牵引变压器(TT)次边绕组、牵引备用变压器(TB)次边绕组和牵引匹配变压器(TMT)次边绕组的电压幅值和相位相同且均与牵引母线T-Bus相接;图中,T为接触网,G为钢轨,K1、K2、K3、K4、K5、K6、K7为断路器,其中K1、K5为三相断路器。 As shown in Figure 1, a schematic diagram of a common-phase power supply and transformation device, including a traction transformer (TT), a traction backup transformer (TB) and a common-phase compensation device (CPD); the common-phase compensation device (CPD) consists of a high-voltage matching transformer (HMT), Composed of AC-DC converter (ADA) and traction matching transformer (TMT); traction transformer (TT), traction backup transformer (TB) and common-phase compensation device (CPD) are all single-phase structures; the primary side of high-voltage matching transformer (HMT) One end T0 of the winding is respectively connected to the midpoint of the primary winding of the traction transformer (TT) and the traction backup transformer (TB); the primary winding of the traction transformer (TT) and the primary winding of the traction backup transformer (TB) are connected to the high-voltage bus H of the power system -The same line voltage of the Bus, the figure is the AB line voltage (the secondary side is the ab line voltage), that is, it is connected between the A and B phases of the three phases, and the other end of the primary winding of the high voltage matching transformer (HMT) is T1 Connect to the other phase of the three phases, the figure is C phase (the secondary side is c phase); the secondary side winding of the high voltage matching transformer (HMT) is connected to the input end of the AC-DC converter (ADA); the AC-DC converter (ADA) ) is connected to the primary side of the traction matching transformer (TMT) to generate a voltage with the same phase and frequency as the traction transformer (TT); the secondary winding of the traction transformer (TT), the secondary winding of the traction backup transformer (TB) and the traction matching transformer ( TMT) The voltage amplitude and phase of the secondary winding are the same and are all connected to the traction bus T-Bus; in the figure, T is the catenary, G is the rail, and K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7 are open circuits Devices, of which K1 and K5 are three-phase circuit breakers. the
高压匹配变压器(HMT)次边绕组与交直交变流器(ADA)入端的电压等级应权衡高压匹配变压器原边电压等级、原次边变比和交直交变流器容量及其入端的级联情况,目前一般选择在6kV至10kV范围内为宜。 The voltage level of the secondary winding of the high-voltage matching transformer (HMT) and the input terminal of the AC-DC-AC converter (ADA) should balance the voltage level of the primary side of the high-voltage matching transformer, the transformation ratio of the primary side, the capacity of the AC-DC-AC converter and the cascading of the input terminal At present, it is generally advisable to choose in the range of 6kV to 10kV. the
当牵引变压器(TT)故障或按计划检修时,牵引备用变压器(TB)投入运行。 When the traction transformer (TT) fails or is overhauled as planned, the traction backup transformer (TB) is put into operation. the
本实用新型的工作原理是: The working principle of the utility model is:
牵引变压器(TT)和牵引备用变压器(TB)分别与高压匹配变压器(HMT),构成不等边SCOTT连接组,即构成一种供电容量不等、电压幅值不等、电压相位垂直的特殊的三相--两相平衡变压器。 The traction transformer (TT) and the traction backup transformer (TB) are respectively connected with the high-voltage matching transformer (HMT) to form a unequal SCOTT connection group, that is, to form a special SCOTT connection group with unequal power supply capacity, unequal voltage amplitude, and vertical voltage phase. Three-phase - two-phase balanced transformer. the
正常运行中,牵引变压器(TT)和同相补偿装置(CPD)一道给牵引网的牵引负荷供电,牵引变压器(TT)担负主要供电任务,同相补偿装置(CPD)担负次要供电任务,牵引变压器(TT)计算容量+同相补偿装置(CPD)计算容量=牵引负荷计算容量;同相补偿装置(CPD)计算容量由引起三相电压不平衡度超标部分的牵引负荷的容量确定;牵引备用变压器(TB)计算容量=牵引变压器(TT)计算容量;不考虑同相补偿装置(CPD)中交直交变流器(ADA)的过载能力,因此,可选择同相补偿装置(CPD)计算容量=交直交变流器(ADA)额定容量,而其中的高压匹配变压器(HMT)和牵引匹配变压器(TMT)额定容量可参考交直交变流器(ADA)额定容量和自身过负荷能力确定。 In normal operation, the traction transformer (TT) and the same-phase compensation device (CPD) supply power to the traction load of the traction network together. The traction transformer (TT) is responsible for the main power supply task, and the common-phase compensation device (CPD) is responsible for the secondary power supply task. The traction transformer ( TT) calculation capacity + common phase compensation device (CPD) calculation capacity = traction load calculation capacity; common phase compensation device (CPD) calculation capacity is determined by the traction load capacity of the part that causes the three-phase voltage unbalance to exceed the standard; traction backup transformer (TB) Calculation capacity = calculation capacity of traction transformer (TT); the overload capacity of AC-DC-AC converter (ADA) in the same-phase compensation device (CPD) is not considered, therefore, the calculation capacity of the same-phase compensation device (CPD) = AC-DC-AC converter can be selected (ADA) rated capacity, and the rated capacity of the high-voltage matching transformer (HMT) and traction matching transformer (TMT) can be determined by referring to the rated capacity of the AC-DC converter (ADA) and its own overload capacity. the
即是说,在正常工作过程中,当牵引负荷功率小于或等于同相补偿装置(CPD)额定容量的2倍时,牵引变压器(TT)和同相补偿装置(CPD)分别供给牵引负荷功率的1/2,此时负序电流得以完全补偿,由此引起的三相电压不平衡度为零;当牵引负荷功率大于同相补偿装置(CPD)容量的2倍时,同相补偿 装置(CPD)按其额定容量供给,多余部分由牵引变压器(TT)供给,此时有剩余负序电流流通并造成三相电压不平衡,但它产生的三相电压不平衡度满足国标要求。
That is to say, during normal operation, when the traction load power is less than or equal to twice the rated capacity of the same-phase compensation device (CPD), the traction transformer (TT) and the same-phase compensation device (CPD) respectively
以一实际牵引变电所为例,牵引负荷计算容量=38MVA,满足三相电压不平衡度国标要求的牵引负荷容量为18MVA,不考虑同相补偿装置(CPD)的过负荷能力,则同相补偿装置(CPD)计算容量=(38MVA-18MVA)/2=10MVA,选择同相补偿装置(CPD)额定容量=10MVA,牵引变压器(TT)计算容量=38-10=28MVA,可选择额定容量为31.5MVA标准等级的单相牵引变压器和牵引备用变压器;而当考虑牵引变压器1.5倍过负荷能力时,牵引变压器(TT)计算容量=28/1.5=18.7MVA,则可选择额定容量为20MVA标准等级的单相牵引变压器。 Taking an actual traction substation as an example, the traction load calculation capacity = 38MVA, and the traction load capacity meeting the national standard for three-phase voltage unbalance is 18MVA, regardless of the overload capacity of the same-phase compensation device (CPD), the same-phase compensation device (CPD) calculation capacity = (38MVA-18MVA)/2=10MVA, choose the same phase compensation device (CPD) rated capacity = 10MVA, traction transformer (TT) calculation capacity = 38-10=28MVA, select the rated capacity as 31.5MVA standard single-phase traction transformer and traction backup transformer; when considering the 1.5 times overload capacity of the traction transformer, the calculated capacity of the traction transformer (TT) = 28/1.5 = 18.7MVA, then you can choose a single-phase rated capacity of 20MVA standard level Traction transformer. the
牵引备用变压器(TB)容量主要应根据牵引变压器(TT)和同相补偿装置(CPD)的故障情况和检修要求确定,同时考虑对应的三相电压不平衡度的影响,一般选择与牵引变压器(TT)相同容量或增减一个容量等级的牵引变压器。此例中,选择选择额定容量为20MVA标准等级的单相牵引变压器为牵引备用变压器。 The capacity of the traction backup transformer (TB) should be determined mainly according to the failure conditions and maintenance requirements of the traction transformer (TT) and the common-phase compensation device (CPD), while considering the influence of the corresponding three-phase voltage unbalance. ) Traction transformers with the same capacity or one capacity level increased or decreased. In this example, a single-phase traction transformer with a rated capacity of 20MVA standard grade is selected as the traction backup transformer. the
必要时同相补偿装置(CPD)还可补偿牵引负荷的无功功率和谐波电流。 If necessary, the same-phase compensation device (CPD) can also compensate the reactive power and harmonic current of the traction load. the
图1中以牵引变压器原边AB(次边ab)线电压和高压匹配变压器原边C(次边c)相电压的一种组合为例,构成电压幅值不等、电压相位垂直的SCOTT连接组,即一种特殊的三相-两相平衡变压器,当然,还有牵引变压器原边BC(次边bc)线电压和高压匹配变压器原边A(次边a)相电压之组合,以及牵引变压器原边CA(次边ca)线电压和高压匹配变压器原边B(次边b)相电压之组合。 In Figure 1, a combination of the line voltage of the primary side AB (secondary side ab) of the traction transformer and the phase voltage of the primary side C (secondary side c) of the high-voltage matching transformer is taken as an example to form a SCOTT connection with unequal voltage amplitudes and vertical voltage phases group, that is, a special three-phase-two-phase balanced transformer, of course, there is also a combination of the line voltage of the primary side BC (secondary side bc) of the traction transformer and the phase voltage of the primary side A (secondary side a) of the high-voltage matching transformer, and the traction transformer Combination of transformer primary side CA (secondary side ca) line voltage and high voltage matching transformer primary side B (secondary side b) phase voltage. the
正常时,牵引变压器TT和高压匹配变压器HMT及其同相补偿装置(CPD)工作,牵引备用变压器TB不工作;牵引变压器TT退出时,牵引备用变压器TB投入工作;同相补偿装置(CPD)退出运行时,牵引变压器TT可以短时单独工作,牵引备用变压器TB亦可替代牵引变压器TT工作。 Under normal conditions, the traction transformer TT, the high voltage matching transformer HMT and its co-phase compensation device (CPD) work, and the traction backup transformer TB does not work; when the traction transformer TT exits, the traction backup transformer TB starts working; when the co-phase compensation device (CPD) exits , the traction transformer TT can work alone for a short time, and the traction backup transformer TB can also work instead of the traction transformer TT. the
图2是本实用新型同相补偿装置(CPD)中交直交变流器的连接图,交直交变流器(ADA)为采用大功率电力电子半导体器件(例如集成门极换向晶闸管IGCT或绝缘栅双极性晶体管IGBT)的单相PWM(脉宽调制)变流器,即通过直流储能电容连接的交流-直流-交流变换装置,其两端串联的电抗器Li和电抗器Lo的电抗值可分别连同高压匹配变压器和牵引匹配变压器的漏抗一并考虑。 Figure 2 is the connection diagram of the AC-DC-AC converter in the same-phase compensation device (CPD) of the present invention. The AC-DC-AC converter (ADA) adopts high-power power electronic semiconductor devices (such as integrated gate Bipolar transistor IGBT) single-phase PWM (pulse width modulation) converter, that is, an AC-DC-AC conversion device connected through a DC energy storage capacitor, the reactance value of the reactor Li and the reactor Lo connected in series at both ends It can be considered together with the leakage reactance of the high-voltage matching transformer and the traction matching transformer respectively. the
需要说明的是,由于同相补偿装置(CPD)中交直交变流器(ADA)采用集成门极换向晶闸管IGCT或绝缘栅双极性晶体管IGBT等性能优良的现代电力电子半导体器件,其制造成本较高,同时由于“牵引变压器(TT)担负主要供电任务,同相补偿装置(CPD)担负次要供电任务”的分工,一般不采用像牵引变压器那样的100%备用方式,而是在权衡成本和可靠性后采用模块级备用,以降低成本,并保证可靠性。 It should be noted that since the AC-DC converter (ADA) in the non-phase compensation device (CPD) uses modern power electronic semiconductor devices with excellent performance such as integrated gate commutated thyristor IGCT or insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT, its manufacturing cost At the same time, due to the division of labor that "the traction transformer (TT) is responsible for the main power supply task, and the co-phase compensation device (CPD) is responsible for the secondary power supply task", the 100% backup method like the traction transformer is generally not used, but is in the balance of cost and After reliability, module-level backup is used to reduce costs and ensure reliability. the
图3是本实用新型配备高压匹配备用变压器的同相供变电装置示意图。图中,高压匹配变压器HMT与牵引变压器TT组装在一个箱体内,高压匹配备用变压器HMTB与牵引备用变压器TB组装在一个箱体内,当牵引变压器TT或高压匹配变压器HMT有一故障或需要检修时,则应使其整体退出,投入牵引备用变压器TB和高压匹配备用变压器HMTB组装体;为方便高压匹配变压器HMT、高压匹配备用变压器HMTB的次边绕组与交直交变流器ADA入端的连接,可设置低压补偿母线L-Bus及相应的开关;图中,T为接触网,G为钢轨,K1、K2、K3、K4、K5、K6、K7、K8、K9为断路器,其中K1、K6为三相断路器,其他为单相断路器;其他同图1。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the same-phase power supply and transformation device equipped with a high-voltage matching backup transformer of the present invention. In the figure, the high-voltage matching transformer HMT and the traction transformer TT are assembled in a box, and the high-voltage matching backup transformer HMTB and the traction backup transformer TB are assembled in a box. When the traction transformer TT or the high-voltage matching transformer HMT has a failure or needs to be repaired, then It should be withdrawn as a whole, put into the assembly of the traction backup transformer TB and the high-voltage matching backup transformer HMTB; in order to facilitate the connection of the secondary winding of the high-voltage matching transformer HMT and the high-voltage matching backup transformer HMTB with the input terminal of the AC-DC-AC converter ADA, a low-voltage transformer can be set. Compensation busbar L-Bus and corresponding switches; in the figure, T is catenary, G is rail, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, K8, K9 are circuit breakers, of which K1 and K6 are three-phase Circuit breakers, others are single-phase circuit breakers; others are the same as in Figure 1. the
图4是本实用新型用于AT(自耦变压器)牵引供电系统的一种连接示意图,其中,高压母线H-Bus的连接方式与图1相同,牵引母线T-Bus电压为2×27.5kV,F、T分别是AT牵引网TS中的负馈线和接触线,显然,在AT供电方式的同相供变电装置中,牵引变压器(TT)、牵引备用变压器(TB)和牵引匹配变压器(TMT)的次边绕组中点均抽出接地,电压均为2×27.5kV,而当牵引变压器(TT)、牵引备用变压器(TB)和牵引匹配变压器(TMT)的次边绕组中点均不抽出时,则为一种55kV的AT供电方式;图中,T为接触网,G为钢轨,K1、K2、K3、K4、K5、K6、K7为断路器,其中K1、K5为三相断路器,其他为两相断路器。 Fig. 4 is a connection schematic diagram of the utility model used in AT (autotransformer) traction power supply system, wherein the connection mode of the high-voltage bus H-Bus is the same as that of Fig. 1, and the voltage of the traction bus T-Bus is 2×27.5kV, F and T are the negative feeder and contact line in the AT traction network TS respectively. Obviously, in the same-phase power supply and transformation device of the AT power supply mode, the traction transformer (TT), traction backup transformer (TB) and traction matching transformer (TMT) The midpoints of the secondary windings are drawn out to ground, and the voltage is 2×27.5kV. When the midpoints of the secondary windings of the traction transformer (TT), traction standby transformer (TB) and traction matching transformer (TMT) are not drawn out, It is a 55kV AT power supply mode; in the figure, T is catenary, G is rail, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7 are circuit breakers, of which K1 and K5 are three-phase circuit breakers, and others It is a two-phase circuit breaker. the
图5是本实用新型配备高压匹配备用变压器的用于2×27.5kV的AT牵引供电系统的一种同相供变电装置示意图。图中,高压匹配变压器HMT与牵引变压器TT组装在一个箱体内,高压匹配备用变压器HMTB与牵引备用变压器TB组装在一个箱体内,当牵引变压器TT或高压匹配变压器HMT有一故障或需要检修时,则应使其整体退出,投入牵引备用变压器TB和高压匹配备用变压器 HMTB组装体;为方便高压匹配变压器HMT、高压匹配备用变压器HMTB的次边绕组与交直交变流器ADA入端的连接,可设置低压补偿母线L-Bus及相应的开关K3、K4、K8;图中,T为接触网,F为负馈线,G为钢轨,K1、K2、K3、K4、K5、K6、K7、K8、K9为断路器,其中K1、K6为三相断路器,K2、K5、K7、K9为两相断路器,K3、K4、K8为单相断路器;其他同图4。 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an in-phase power supply and transformation device for a 2×27.5kV AT traction power supply system equipped with a high-voltage matching backup transformer of the present invention. In the figure, the high-voltage matching transformer HMT and the traction transformer TT are assembled in a box, and the high-voltage matching backup transformer HMTB and the traction backup transformer TB are assembled in a box. When the traction transformer TT or the high-voltage matching transformer HMT has a failure or needs to be repaired, then It should be withdrawn as a whole, and put into the assembly of the traction backup transformer TB and the high-voltage matching backup transformer HMTB; in order to facilitate the connection of the high-voltage matching transformer HMT, the secondary winding of the high-voltage matching backup transformer HMTB and the input terminal of the AC-DC-AC converter ADA, a low-voltage Compensation busbar L-Bus and corresponding switches K3, K4, K8; in the figure, T is catenary, F is negative feeder, G is rail, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, K8, K9 are Circuit breakers, of which K1 and K6 are three-phase circuit breakers, K2, K5, K7, and K9 are two-phase circuit breakers, and K3, K4, and K8 are single-phase circuit breakers; others are the same as in Figure 4. the
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103311924A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 西南交通大学 | Single-phase combined co-phased power supply and transformation structure |
| CN106379200A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-02-08 | 西南交通大学 | Co-phase power supply system based on Vx traction transformer |
| CN111446866A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-07-24 | 中铁电气化局集团有限公司 | Through same-phase traction power supply system based on balancing transformer and four-port MMC |
| CN111464014A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-28 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Self-coupling direct-current converter and fault processing and fault tolerance control method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103311924A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 西南交通大学 | Single-phase combined co-phased power supply and transformation structure |
| CN106379200A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-02-08 | 西南交通大学 | Co-phase power supply system based on Vx traction transformer |
| CN106379200B (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-06-19 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of cophase supply system based on Vx tractive transformers |
| CN111446866A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-07-24 | 中铁电气化局集团有限公司 | Through same-phase traction power supply system based on balancing transformer and four-port MMC |
| CN111446866B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-05-28 | 中铁电气化局集团有限公司 | Through-in-phase traction power supply system based on balance transformer and four-port MMC |
| CN111464014A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-28 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Self-coupling direct-current converter and fault processing and fault tolerance control method thereof |
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