CN105741241B - Tumor region image enchancing method and system based on synthesis enhancing image - Google Patents

Tumor region image enchancing method and system based on synthesis enhancing image Download PDF

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CN105741241B
CN105741241B CN201610054646.7A CN201610054646A CN105741241B CN 105741241 B CN105741241 B CN 105741241B CN 201610054646 A CN201610054646 A CN 201610054646A CN 105741241 B CN105741241 B CN 105741241B
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image
region
window
covering
enhancing
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CN105741241A (en
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谌先敢
刘海华
高智勇
陆雪松
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South Central Minzu University
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South Central University for Nationalities
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/70Denoising; Smoothing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20092Interactive image processing based on input by user
    • G06T2207/20104Interactive definition of region of interest [ROI]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30004Biomedical image processing
    • G06T2207/30096Tumor; Lesion

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of tumor region image enchancing methods and system based on synthesis enhancing image, are related to field of medical image processing.Present invention firstly provides " synthesis enhancing image " this concepts, in original CT or MR images, noise reduction process and enhancing processing are carried out respectively to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, obtain the noise-reduced image and enhancing image of ROI region, fusion is weighted to noise-reduced image and enhancing image, obtains synthesis enhancing image.The present invention can enhance the ROI region in original CT or MR images, synthesize weighted factor different in enhancing image by selecting, so that the surface of tumour and smeared out boundary in original CT or MR images is become apparent from, doctor is facilitated to observe the surface and boundary of tumour;Threshold segmentation method, energy Accurate Segmentation is used to go out tumor region on synthesis enhancing image.

Description

Tumor region image enchancing method and system based on synthesis enhancing image
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of medical image processing, are specifically related to a kind of tumor region figure based on synthesis enhancing image Image intensifying method and system.
Background technology
Doctor is during practical diagnosing tumour relevant disease, by CT (Computed Tomography, electronics Computed tomography) or the medical images such as MR (Magnetic Resonance, magnetic resonance) in tumour boundary, section face Product and volume are measured and are analyzed, and can be helped the clinical definite state of an illness, at this moment be needed in the medical images such as CT or MR Tumor boundaries are split.The Accurate Segmentation of tumor boundaries is extremely important to treatment plan, this part work at present relies primarily on In hand drawing, accuracy is not high.Due to the noise and ambiguity in the medical images such as CT or MR, lead to the side of many tumours Boundary is relatively fuzzyyer, takes traditional image partition method, such as using threshold value point on the medical images such as original CT or MR Cut method, it is difficult to which Accurate Segmentation is carried out to the boundary of tumour.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned background technology, provide a kind of based on the swollen of synthesis enhancing image Tumor area image Enhancement Method and system can enhance the areas ROI that whole tumor regions are covered in original CT or MR images Domain synthesizes weighted factor different in enhancing image by selecting, makes the surface of tumour in original CT or MR images and obscure Boundary becomes apparent from, and doctor is facilitated to observe the surface and boundary of tumour;Threshold segmentation side is used on synthesis enhancing image Method, can Accurate Segmentation go out tumor region, accuracy is apparently higher than in original CT or MR images directly into row threshold division Accuracy.
The present invention provides a kind of tumor region image enchancing method based on synthesis enhancing image, includes the following steps:
A, in the frame original CT image comprising tumour or MR images, the ellipse of the whole tumor regions of a covering is chosen Rounded interested area ROI;Pixel other than ROI region is all set to zero, window width is carried out to the pixel value inside ROI region The adjusting of window position is allowed to the requirement of compound mankind's observation;
B, using anisotropy parameter method, the ROI region in the image after being adjusted by window width and window level is dropped It makes an uproar processing, obtains the noise-reduced image for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions;
C, using multi-scale enhancement method, the ROI region in the image after being adjusted by window width and window level is enhanced Processing, obtains the enhancing image for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions;
D, the covering that the noise-reduced image to the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step B and step C are obtained is complete The enhancing image of the ROI region of portion's tumor region is weighted fusion, obtains the synthesis for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions Enhance image.
Based on the above technical solution, the adjusting of window width and window level is carried out in step A to the pixel value inside ROI region Process be:Centered on elliptical barycenter, a rectangular area, the length r of the rectangle are selectedlengthLess than elliptical long axis, The width r of the rectanglewidthLess than elliptical short axle;Choose the maximum that the maximum gradation value in the rectangle is window width in window technique Value Cmax, choose the minimum value C that the minimum gradation value in the rectangle is window width in window techniquemin;Then following three are arbitrarily selected A formula in a formula, maps the pixel value in ellipse:
Wherein, IoriFor original CT MR images, the coefficient of α image overall brightnesses in order to control, γ1It is adjustable Coefficient, by changing γ1The mapping curve for being worth to different modes, I is the image after being adjusted by window width and window level.
Based on the above technical solution, in step A, γ1Value be less than 1 when, formula (3) is relatively narrow by a range Input value is transformed into the output valve an of wider range.
Based on the above technical solution, the anisotropy parameter method in step B is:Use anisotropy parameter mould Type removes noise, and the formula of Anisotropic Diffusion Model is:
Wherein, div () is divergence operator, and c (x, y, t) is diffusion coefficient, and diffusion coefficient is selected as the letter of image gradient Number, t is the time,Gradient operator is represented,It is then the gradient of diffusion coefficient c,It is the gradient of image I, Δ represents La Pu Laplacian operater, Δ I are the Laplace operators of image I;
To the Solving Partial Differential Equations that formula (4) indicates, the solution of the equation is expressed as Irn, IrnThe covering obtained for step B The noise-reduced image of the ROI region of whole tumor regions.
Based on the above technical solution, in step B, the diffusion coefficient in the formula of the Anisotropic Diffusion Model There are two types of expression ways for the function of c (x, y, t):
Wherein,Indicate the mould of the gradient of image I, K is constant, the two diffusion coefficient functions are with the gradient of image I Mould as diffusion speed foundation, it is small in the big position diffusion coefficient of gradient, to play the purpose of Protect edge information.
Based on the above technical solution, the multi-scale enhancement method in step C is:
The enhancing processing under different scale is carried out to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering:
First, by formula (7), down-sampling is carried out to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, after obtaining down-sampling Image Ire
Ire=REDUCE (I) (7)
Wherein, REDUCE () indicates down-sampling operation;
Then, by formula (8), to the image I after down-samplingreZoom in and out enhancing processing;
Iu=(Ire-Ire*G)γ2 (8)
Wherein, IuIt is the down-sampling enhancing image of size reduction, IreIt is the image after down-sampling, G is Gaussian kernel, Ire- Ire* the radio-frequency component of G representative images, γ2The coefficient of tumor region and the difference of non-tumor region in order to control, IuSize under Image I after samplingreSize it is identical, respectively less than pass through window width and window level adjust after image I;
Then, by formula (9), to the down-sampling enhancing image I for the size reduction that formula (8) obtainsuIt is up-sampled, Obtain Iex:Iex=EXPAND (Iu) (9)
Wherein, IexFor the enhancing image of the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step C, IexSize and warp The size for crossing the image I after window width and window level is adjusted is identical;EXPAND () indicates up-sampling operation.
Based on the above technical solution, the EXPAND () in step C is obtained by extension interpolation operator, if to extend One times of size then enhances one times of pixel, i.e., often needs to insert between row any two pixel in both the horizontal and vertical directions Enter a value, every two in the ranks need to be inserted into a line;Interpolation operator uses bi-cubic interpolation method.
Based on the above technical solution, it is weighted and is melted using the weighted average fusion method of Pixel-level in step D It closes, formula is as follows:
Ien=wIrn+(1-w)·Iex (10)
Wherein, IrnFor the noise-reduced image of the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step B, IexIt is obtained for step C The enhancing image of the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering arrived, w is weighted factor, IenFor the ROI of the whole tumor regions of covering The synthesis in region enhances image;By selecting weighted factor w different in formula (10), to facilitate doctor to observe the surface of tumour The boundary and.
The present invention also provides a kind of tumor region Image Intensified Systems based on synthesis enhancing image, which includes ROI Region selection unit, window width and window level adjust unit, noise reduction unit, enhancement unit, Weighted Fusion unit, wherein:
The ROI region selection unit is used for:In the frame original CT image comprising tumour or MR images, one is chosen The oval region of interest ROI of a whole tumor regions of covering;
The window width and window level adjusts unit and is used for:Pixel other than ROI region is all set to zero, to ROI region inside Pixel value carry out the adjusting of window width and window level, be allowed to the requirement of compound mankind observation;
The noise reduction unit is used for:Using anisotropy parameter method, in the image after being adjusted by window width and window level ROI region carry out noise reduction process, obtain the noise-reduced image for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions;
The enhancement unit is used for:Using multi-scale enhancement method, in the image after being adjusted by window width and window level ROI region carries out enhancing processing, obtains the enhancing image for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions;
The Weighted Fusion unit is used for:Noise-reduced image and covering to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering are all The enhancing image of the ROI region of tumor region is weighted fusion, and the synthesis for obtaining covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions increases Strong image.
Based on the above technical solution, the window width and window level adjusts unit and is carried out to the pixel value inside ROI region The process of the adjusting of window width and window level is:Centered on elliptical barycenter, a rectangular area, the length r of the rectangle are selectedlength Less than elliptical long axis, the width r of the rectanglewidthLess than elliptical short axle;It is window to choose the maximum gradation value in the rectangle The maximum value C of window width in technologymax, choose the minimum value C that the minimum gradation value in the rectangle is window width in window techniquemin;Appoint A formula in meaning selection following three formula, maps the pixel value in ellipse:
Wherein, IoriFor original CT MR images, the coefficient of α image overall brightnesses in order to control, γ1It is adjustable Coefficient, by changing γ1The mapping curve for being worth to different modes, I is the image after being adjusted by window width and window level.
Based on the above technical solution, γ1Value be less than 1 when, formula (3) by the relatively narrow input value of a range turn Change to the output valve an of wider range.
Based on the above technical solution, the anisotropy parameter method that the noise reduction unit uses for:Using it is each to Anisotropic diffusion model removes noise, and the formula of Anisotropic Diffusion Model is:
Wherein, div () is divergence operator, and c (x, y, t) is diffusion coefficient, and diffusion coefficient is selected as the letter of image gradient Number, t is the time,Gradient operator is represented,It is then the gradient of diffusion coefficient c,It is the gradient of image I, Δ represents La Pu Laplacian operater, Δ I are the Laplace operators of image I;
To the Solving Partial Differential Equations that formula (4) indicates, the solution of the equation is expressed as Irn, IrnFor the whole tumor areas of covering The noise-reduced image of the ROI region in domain.
Based on the above technical solution, the diffusion coefficient c (x, y, t) in the formula of the Anisotropic Diffusion Model Function there are two types of expression way:
Wherein,Indicate the mould of the gradient of image I, K is constant, the two diffusion coefficient functions are with the gradient of image I Mould as diffusion speed foundation, it is small in the big position diffusion coefficient of gradient, to play the purpose of Protect edge information.
Based on the above technical solution, the multi-scale enhancement method that the enhancement unit uses for:
The enhancing processing under different scale is carried out to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering:
First, by formula (7), down-sampling is carried out to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, after obtaining down-sampling Image Ire
Ire=REDUCE (I) (7)
Wherein, REDUCE () indicates down-sampling operation;
Then, by formula (8), to the image I after down-samplingreZoom in and out enhancing processing;
Iu=(Ire-Ire*G)γ2 (8)
Wherein, IuIt is the down-sampling enhancing image of size reduction, IreIt is the image after down-sampling, G is Gaussian kernel, Ire- Ire* the radio-frequency component of G representative images, γ2The coefficient of tumor region and the difference of non-tumor region in order to control, IuSize under Image I after samplingreSize it is identical, respectively less than pass through window width and window level adjust after image I;
Then, by formula (9), to the down-sampling enhancing image I for the size reduction that formula (8) obtainsuIt is up-sampled, Obtain Iex:Iex=EXPAND (Iu) (9)
Wherein, IexFor the enhancing image of the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step C, IexSize and warp The size for crossing the image I after window width and window level is adjusted is identical;EXPAND () indicates up-sampling operation.
Based on the above technical solution, the EXPAND () is obtained by extension interpolation operator, if to extend one times Size, then enhance one times of pixel in both the horizontal and vertical directions, i.e., often need insertion one between row any two pixel A value, every two in the ranks need to be inserted into a line;Interpolation operator uses bi-cubic interpolation method.
Based on the above technical solution, the Weighted Fusion unit using Pixel-level weighted average fusion method into Row Weighted Fusion, formula are as follows:
Ien=wIrn+(1-w)·Iex (10)
Wherein, IrnFor the noise-reduced image of the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, IexFor the whole tumor regions of covering The enhancing image of ROI region, w are weighted factor, IenSynthesis for the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering enhances image;It is logical Weighted factor w different in selection formula (10) is crossed, to facilitate doctor to observe the surface and boundary of tumour.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is as follows:
Present invention firstly provides " synthesis enhancing image " this concepts, in original CT or MR images, all to covering The ROI region of tumor region carries out noise reduction process and enhancing processing respectively, obtains the noise-reduced image and enhancing image of ROI region, Fusion is weighted to noise-reduced image and enhancing image, obtains synthesis enhancing image.Compared with original CT or MR images, synthesis The boundary for enhancing tumour in image is apparent, while the information loss of tumor surface and few.The present invention can enhance original CT Or the ROI region of whole tumor regions is covered in MR images, weighted factor different in enhancing image is synthesized by selecting, So that the surface of tumour and smeared out boundary in original CT or MR images is become apparent from, facilitate doctor observe tumour surface and Boundary;Synthesis enhancing image on use threshold segmentation method, can Accurate Segmentation go out tumor region, accuracy is apparently higher than Directly into the accuracy of row threshold division in original CT or MR images.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the tumor region image enchancing method based on synthesis enhancing image in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the image after window width and window level adjusting in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the ROI region in the image in the embodiment of the present invention after window width and window level adjusting.
Fig. 4 is the noise-reduced image of ROI region in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the enhancing image of ROI region in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the synthesis enhancing image of ROI region in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
The problem of being difficult to divide for the obscurity boundary of tumour in original CT or MR images, the embodiment of the present invention provide one Tumor region image enchancing method of the kind based on synthesis enhancing image, shown in Figure 1, this approach includes the following steps:
A, in the frame original CT image comprising tumour or MR images, the ellipse of the whole tumor regions of a covering is chosen Round ROI (Region Of Interest, area-of-interest);Pixel other than ROI region is all set to zero, to the areas ROI Pixel value inside domain carries out the adjusting of window width and window level, is allowed to the requirement of compound mankind's observation.
In practical applications, ROI region is first selected, then adjusts window width and window level, still, due to the pixel of original medical image Value can not be shown between -1000 to+1000HU (Hounsfield Unit, Korea Spro Sen Feierde units) in regular display Show, so the image in the embodiment of the present invention after vision-control window width and window level.Window width and window level adjust after image referring to Shown in Fig. 2;ROI region in the image adjusted by window width and window level is shown in Figure 3.
B, using anisotropy parameter method (Anisotropic diffusion), after being adjusted by window width and window level Image in ROI region carry out noise reduction process, the noise-reduced image for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions is obtained, referring to Fig. 4 It is shown;
C, using multi-scale enhancement method, the ROI region in the image after being adjusted by window width and window level is enhanced Processing, obtains the enhancing image for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions, shown in Figure 5;
D, the covering that the noise-reduced image to the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step B and step C are obtained is complete The enhancing image of the ROI region of portion's tumor region is weighted fusion, obtains the synthesis for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions Enhance image, it is shown in Figure 6.
Compared with original CT or MR images, the boundary of tumour is apparent in synthesis enhancing image, while tumor surface Information loss is simultaneously few.The synthesis enhances image and can be adopted on synthesis enhancing image as the input of threshold segmentation method With threshold segmentation method, can Accurate Segmentation go out tumor region, accuracy is apparently higher than in original CT or MR images directly Into the accuracy of row threshold division.Meanwhile can by selecting to synthesize different weighted factor in enhancing image, make original CT or The surface of tumour and smeared out boundary become apparent from person's MR images, and doctor is facilitated to observe the surface and boundary of tumour.
It is to the process of the adjusting of the pixel value progress window width and window level inside ROI region in step A:It is with elliptical barycenter Center selects a rectangular area, the length r of the rectanglelengthLess than elliptical long axis, the width r of the rectanglewidthLess than ellipse Round short axle;Choose the maximum value C that the maximum gradation value in the rectangle is window width in window techniquemax, choose in the rectangle most Small gray value is the minimum value C of window width in window techniquemin;Then a formula arbitrarily in selection following three formula, to ellipse Pixel within the circle value is mapped:
Wherein, IoriFor original CT MR images, the coefficient of α image overall brightnesses in order to control, γ1It is adjustable Coefficient, by changing γ1Value can obtain the mapping curves of different modes, γ1Value be less than 1 when, formula (3) can be by one The relatively narrow input value of a range is transformed into the output valve an of wider range, and I is the image after being adjusted by window width and window level.
Anisotropy parameter method in step B is:Noise, anisotropy parameter are removed using Anisotropic Diffusion Model The formula of model is:
Wherein, div () is divergence operator, and c (x, y, t) is diffusion coefficient, and diffusion coefficient is typically selected to be image gradient Function, t is the time,Gradient operator is represented,It is then the gradient of diffusion coefficient c,It is the gradient of image I, Δ represents Laplace operator, Δ I are the Laplace operators of image I.
The formula of above-mentioned Anisotropic Diffusion Model proposes by two scholars of Perona and Malik (two names), Perona and Malik are also proposed:There are two types of expression ways for the function of diffusion coefficient c (x, y, t):
Indicate the mould of the gradient of image I, K is constant.The two diffusion coefficient functions are made with the mould of the gradient of image I It is small in the big position diffusion coefficient of gradient to spread the foundation of speed, to play the purpose of Protect edge information.
To the Solving Partial Differential Equations that formula (4) indicates, the solution of the equation is expressed as Irn, IrnThe covering obtained for step B The noise-reduced image of the ROI region of whole tumor regions.
Multi-scale enhancement method in step C is:
Clearly tumor boundaries, the ROI region to covering whole tumor regions carry out the increasing under different scale in order to obtain It manages strength:
First, by formula (7), down-sampling is carried out to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, after obtaining down-sampling Image Ire
Ire=REDUCE (I) (7)
Wherein, REDUCE () indicates down-sampling operation;
Then, by formula (8), to the image I after down-samplingreZoom in and out enhancing processing;
Iu=(Ire-Ire*G)γ2 (8)
Wherein, IuIt is the down-sampling enhancing image of size reduction, IreIt is the image after down-sampling, G is Gaussian kernel, Gaussian kernel Line number and columns can adjust, generally between 20 to 90.
Ire-Ire* the radio-frequency component of G representative images, tumor boundaries therein are simultaneously unchanged clear, swollen in order to further expand The difference in tumor region and non-tumor region will calculate the γ of the radio-frequency component2Power, γ2Tumor region and non-tumor area in order to control The coefficient of the difference in domain, due to IreIt is the image after down-sampling, size is less than the image I after being adjusted by window width and window level, By formula (8), the down-sampling enhancing image I of size reduction is obtainedu, IuSize and down-sampling after image IreSize phase Together, respectively less than pass through the image I after window width and window level is adjusted.
Then, by formula (9), to the down-sampling enhancing image I for the size reduction that formula (8) obtainsuIt is up-sampled, Obtain Iex:Iex=EXPAND (Iu) (9)
Wherein, IexFor the enhancing image of the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step C, IexSize and warp The size for crossing the image I after window width and window level is adjusted is identical;EXPAND () indicates up-sampling operation.
EXPAND () is obtained by extension interpolation operator, if to extend one times of size, in horizontal and vertical two sides The pixel of one times of enhancing upwards often needs to be inserted into a value between row any two pixel, every two in the ranks need to be inserted into a line;Interpolation Operator uses bi-cubic interpolation method (Bicubic interpolation).
Fusion is weighted using the weighted average fusion method of Pixel-level in step D, formula is as follows:
Ien=wIrn+(1-w)·Iex (10)
Wherein, IrnFor the noise-reduced image of the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step B, IexIt is obtained for step C The enhancing image of the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering arrived, w is weighted factor, IenFor the ROI of the whole tumor regions of covering The synthesis in region enhances image.It can be by selecting weighted factor w different in formula (10), to facilitate doctor to observe tumour Surface and boundary.
The reason of synthesis enhances image is established in step D is:Noise in the noise-reduced image of step B has one relative to artwork Fixed reduction, but the smeared out boundary of its tumour is not apparent from, and is unfavorable for dividing.Although and the enhancing image side in step C Boundary is apparent from, but due to change of scale, the information loss of tumor surface is more, is unfavorable for doctor's inspections and examinations.In order to simultaneously The inspections and examinations for taking into account tumor image segmentation and doctor, to the noise reduction of the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step B The enhancing image of the ROI region for the whole tumor regions of covering that image and step C are obtained is weighted fusion, obtains covering all The synthesis of the ROI region of tumor region enhances image, and the tumor boundaries of synthesis enhancing image are apparent from, and tumor surface is believed Breath loss is few.
Next by taking CT images as an example, the result handled by this method is demonstrated.
Since the value range of the pixel value in original CT image is between -1000 and+1000HU, in regular display Effect is bad.Therefore, the image after being adjusted outside window by window width is only provided below.
Image after window width and window level in step A is adjusted is shown in Figure 2, in the image adjusted by window width and window level ROI region is shown in Figure 3, it can be seen that the wherein obscurity boundary of tumour.
The noise-reduced image of ROI region in step B is shown in Figure 4, and compared with Fig. 3, the noise in Fig. 4 has to a certain degree Reduction, but tumor boundaries are not obviously improved.
The enhancing image of ROI region in step C is shown in Figure 5, and compared with Fig. 3, the boundary of tumour becomes clear in Fig. 5 It is clear, but the information loss of tumor surface is more.
The synthesis enhancing image of ROI region in step D is shown in Figure 6, and compared with Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, Fig. 6 is Fig. 4 and figure A kind of 5 half-way house, tumor boundaries therein are apparent from, and tumor surface information loss is few.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of tumor region Image Intensified System based on synthesis enhancing image, the system packet ROI region selection unit, window width and window level adjusting unit, noise reduction unit, enhancement unit, Weighted Fusion unit are included, wherein:
ROI region selection unit is used for:In the frame original CT image comprising tumour or MR images, chooses one and cover The oval ROI (Region Of Interest, area-of-interest) of the whole tumor regions of lid;
Window width and window level adjusts unit and is used for:Pixel other than ROI region is all set to zero, to the picture inside ROI region Element value carries out the adjusting of window width and window level, is allowed to the requirement of compound mankind's observation.
In practical applications, ROI region is first selected, then adjusts window width and window level, still, due to the pixel of original medical image Value can not be shown, so vision-control window in the embodiment of the present invention between -1000 to+1000HU in regular display Image after wide window position.Image after window width and window level is adjusted is shown in Figure 2;In the image adjusted by window width and window level ROI region is shown in Figure 3.
Noise reduction unit is used for:Using anisotropy parameter method (Anisotropic diffusion), to passing through window width window The ROI region in image after the adjusting of position carries out noise reduction process, obtains the noise reduction figure for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions Picture, it is shown in Figure 4;
Enhancement unit is used for:Using multi-scale enhancement method, to the areas image Zhong ROI after being adjusted by window width and window level Domain carries out enhancing processing, obtains the enhancing image for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions, shown in Figure 5;
Weighted Fusion unit is used for:Noise-reduced image to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering and the whole tumours of covering The enhancing image of the ROI region in region is weighted fusion, obtains the synthesis enhancing figure for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions Picture, it is shown in Figure 6.
Window width and window level, which adjusts unit, to carry out the pixel value inside ROI region the process of adjusting of window width and window level and is:With ellipse Centered on round barycenter, a rectangular area, the length r of the rectangle are selectedlengthLess than elliptical long axis, the width of the rectangle rwidthLess than elliptical short axle;Choose the maximum value C that the maximum gradation value in the rectangle is window width in window techniquemax, choosing should Minimum gradation value in rectangle is the minimum value C of window width in window techniquemin;Then one arbitrarily in selection following three formula A formula maps the pixel value in ellipse:
Wherein, IoriFor original CT MR images, the coefficient of α image overall brightnesses in order to control, γ1It is adjustable Coefficient, by changing γ1Value can obtain the mapping curves of different modes, γ1Value be less than 1 when, formula (3) can be by one The relatively narrow input value of a range is transformed into the output valve an of wider range, and I is the image after being adjusted by window width and window level.
The anisotropy parameter method that noise reduction unit uses for:Noise is removed using Anisotropic Diffusion Model, respectively to different The formula of property diffusion model is:
Wherein, div () is divergence operator, and c (x, y, t) is diffusion coefficient, and diffusion coefficient is typically selected to be image gradient Function, t is the time,Gradient operator is represented,It is then the gradient of diffusion coefficient c,It is the gradient of image I, Δ represents Laplace operator, Δ I are the Laplace operators of image I.
The formula of above-mentioned Anisotropic Diffusion Model proposes by two scholars of Perona and Malik (two names), Perona and Malik are also proposed:There are two types of expression ways for the function of diffusion coefficient c (x, y, t):
Wherein,Indicate the mould of the gradient of image I, K is constant.The two diffusion coefficient functions are with the gradient of image I Mould as diffusion speed foundation, it is small in the big position diffusion coefficient of gradient, to play the purpose of Protect edge information.
To the Solving Partial Differential Equations that formula (4) indicates, the solution of the equation is expressed as Irn, IrnFor the whole tumor areas of covering The noise-reduced image of the ROI region in domain.
The multi-scale enhancement method that enhancement unit uses for:
Clearly tumor boundaries, the ROI region to covering whole tumor regions carry out the increasing under different scale in order to obtain It manages strength:
First, by formula (7), down-sampling is carried out to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, after obtaining down-sampling Image Ire
Ire=REDUCE (I) (7)
Wherein, REDUCE () indicates down-sampling operation;
Then, by formula (8), to the image I after down-samplingreZoom in and out enhancing processing;
Iu=(Ire-Ire*G)γ2 (8)
Wherein, IuIt is the down-sampling enhancing image of size reduction, IreIt is the image after down-sampling, G is Gaussian kernel, Gaussian kernel Line number and columns can adjust, generally between 20 to 90.
Ire-Ire* the radio-frequency component of G representative images, tumor boundaries therein are simultaneously unchanged clear, swollen in order to further expand The difference in tumor region and non-tumor region will calculate the γ of the radio-frequency component2Power, γ2Tumor region and non-tumor area in order to control The coefficient of the difference in domain, due to IreIt is the image after down-sampling, size is less than the image I after being adjusted by window width and window level, By formula (8), the down-sampling enhancing image I of size reduction is obtainedu, IuSize and down-sampling after image IreSize phase Together, respectively less than pass through the image I after window width and window level is adjusted.
Then, by formula (9), to the down-sampling enhancing image I for the size reduction that formula (8) obtainsuIt is up-sampled, Obtain Iex:Iex=EXPAND (Iu) (9)
Wherein, IexFor the enhancing image of the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, IexSize with pass through window width and window level The size of image I after adjusting is identical;EXPAND () indicates up-sampling operation.
EXPAND () is obtained by extension interpolation operator, if to extend one times of size, in horizontal and vertical two sides The pixel of one times of enhancing upwards often needs to be inserted into a value between row any two pixel, every two in the ranks need to be inserted into a line;Interpolation Operator uses bi-cubic interpolation method (Bicubic interpolation).
Weighted Fusion unit is weighted fusion using the weighted average fusion method of Pixel-level, and formula is as follows:
Ien=wIrn+(1-w)·Iex (10)
Wherein, IrnFor the noise-reduced image of the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, IexFor the whole tumor regions of covering The enhancing image of ROI region, w are weighted factor, IenSynthesis for the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering enhances image.It can With by selecting weighted factor w different in formula (10), to facilitate doctor to observe the surface and boundary of tumour.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that tumor region image enchancing method and system proposed by the present invention based on synthesis enhancing image, it can For making the surface of tumour and smeared out boundary in original CT or MR images become apparent from, doctor to be facilitated to observe the table of tumour Face and boundary.Threshold segmentation method, energy Accurate Segmentation is used to go out tumor region on synthesis enhancing image.
Those skilled in the art can be carry out various modifications to the embodiment of the present invention and modification, if these modifications and change For type within the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies, then these modifications and variations are also in protection scope of the present invention Within.
The prior art that the content not being described in detail in specification is known to the skilled person.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of tumor region image enchancing method based on synthesis enhancing image, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
A, in the frame original CT image comprising tumour or MR images, the ellipse of the whole tumor regions of a covering is chosen Region of interest ROI;Pixel other than ROI region is all set to zero, window width and window level is carried out to the pixel value inside ROI region Adjusting, be allowed to the requirement of compound mankind observation;
B, using anisotropy parameter method, the ROI region in the image after being adjusted by window width and window level is carried out at noise reduction Reason, obtains the noise-reduced image for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions;
C, using multi-scale enhancement method, enhancing processing is carried out to the ROI region in the image after being adjusted by window width and window level, Obtain covering the enhancing image of the ROI region of whole tumor regions;
Multi-scale enhancement method in step C is:
The enhancing processing under different scale is carried out to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering:
First, by formula (7), down-sampling is carried out to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, obtains the image after down-sampling Ire
Ire=REDUCE (I) (7)
Wherein, REDUCE () indicates down-sampling operation;
Then, by formula (8), to the image I after down-samplingreZoom in and out enhancing processing;
Wherein, IuIt is the down-sampling enhancing image of size reduction, IreIt is the image after down-sampling, G is Gaussian kernel, Ire-Ire* G generations The radio-frequency component of table image, γ2The coefficient of tumor region and the difference of non-tumor region in order to control, IuSize and down-sampling after Image IreSize it is identical, respectively less than pass through window width and window level adjust after image I;
Then, by formula (9), to the down-sampling enhancing image I for the size reduction that formula (8) obtainsuIt is up-sampled, is obtained Iex:Iex=EXPAND (Iu) (9)
Wherein, IexFor the enhancing image of the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step C, IexSize with pass through window The size of image I after wide window position adjusting is identical;EXPAND () indicates up-sampling operation;
D, the covering that the noise-reduced image to the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step B and step C are obtained is all swollen The enhancing image of the ROI region in tumor region is weighted fusion, obtains the synthesis enhancing for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions Image.
2. the tumor region image enchancing method as described in claim 1 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:Step It is to the process of the adjusting of the pixel value progress window width and window level inside ROI region in A:Centered on elliptical barycenter, one is selected A rectangular area, the length r of the rectanglelengthLess than elliptical long axis, the width r of the rectanglewidthLess than elliptical short axle;Choosing It is the maximum value C of window width in window technique to take the maximum gradation value in the rectanglemax, the minimum gradation value chosen in the rectangle is The minimum value C of window width in window techniquemin;Then a formula arbitrarily in selection following three formula, to ellipse pixel within the circle Value is mapped:
Wherein, IoriFor original CT MR images, the coefficient of α image overall brightnesses in order to control, γ1For adjustable coefficient, By changing γ1The mapping curve for being worth to different modes, I is the image after being adjusted by window width and window level.
3. the tumor region image enchancing method as claimed in claim 2 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:Step In A, γ1Value be less than 1 when, a relatively narrow input value of range is transformed into the output valve an of wider range by formula (3).
4. the tumor region image enchancing method as claimed in claim 2 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:Step Anisotropy parameter method in B is:Noise, the formula of Anisotropic Diffusion Model are removed using Anisotropic Diffusion Model For:
Wherein, div () is divergence operator, and c (x, y, t) is diffusion coefficient, and diffusion coefficient is selected as the function of image gradient, t For the time,Gradient operator is represented,It is then the gradient of diffusion coefficient c,It is the gradient of image I, Δ represents Laplce's calculation Son, Δ I are the Laplace operators of image I;
To the Solving Partial Differential Equations that formula (4) indicates, the solution of the equation is expressed as Irn, IrnThe covering obtained for step B is whole The noise-reduced image of the ROI region of tumor region.
5. the tumor region image enchancing method as claimed in claim 4 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:Step In B, there are two types of expression ways for the function of the diffusion coefficient c (x, y, t) in the formula of the Anisotropic Diffusion Model:
Wherein,Indicate the mould of the gradient of image I, K is constant, the two diffusion coefficient functions are made with the mould of the gradient of image I It is small in the big position diffusion coefficient of gradient to spread the foundation of speed, to play the purpose of Protect edge information.
6. the tumor region image enchancing method as described in claim 1 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:Step EXPAND () in C is obtained by extension interpolation operator, if one times of size is extended, in horizontal and vertical directions The pixel of upper one times of enhancing often needs to be inserted into a value between row any two pixel, every two in the ranks need to be inserted into a line;Interpolation is calculated Son uses bi-cubic interpolation method.
7. the tumor region image enchancing method as described in claim 1 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:Step Fusion is weighted using the weighted average fusion method of Pixel-level in D, formula is as follows:
Ien=wIrn+(1-w)·Iex (10)
Wherein, IrnFor the noise-reduced image of the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step B, IexIt is covered for what step C was obtained The enhancing image of the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of lid, w is weighted factor, IenFor the ROI region of covering whole tumor regions Synthesis enhancing image;By selecting weighted factor w different in formula (10), to facilitate doctor to observe the surface and side of tumour Boundary.
8. a kind of tumor region Image Intensified System based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:The system includes ROI region Selection unit, window width and window level adjust unit, noise reduction unit, enhancement unit, Weighted Fusion unit, wherein:
The ROI region selection unit is used for:In the frame original CT image comprising tumour or MR images, chooses one and cover The oval region of interest ROI of the whole tumor regions of lid;
The window width and window level adjusts unit and is used for:Pixel other than ROI region is all set to zero, to the picture inside ROI region Element value carries out the adjusting of window width and window level, is allowed to the requirement of compound mankind's observation;
The noise reduction unit is used for:Using anisotropy parameter method, to the ROI in the image after being adjusted by window width and window level Region carries out noise reduction process, obtains the noise-reduced image for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions;
The enhancement unit is used for:Using multi-scale enhancement method, to the areas image Zhong ROI after being adjusted by window width and window level Domain carries out enhancing processing, obtains the enhancing image for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions;
The multi-scale enhancement method that the enhancement unit uses for:
The enhancing processing under different scale is carried out to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering:
First, by formula (7), down-sampling is carried out to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, obtains the image after down-sampling Ire
Ire=REDUCE (I) (7)
Wherein, REDUCE () indicates down-sampling operation;
Then, by formula (8), to the image I after down-samplingreZoom in and out enhancing processing;
Wherein, IuIt is the down-sampling enhancing image of size reduction, IreIt is the image after down-sampling, G is Gaussian kernel, Ire-Ire* G generations The radio-frequency component of table image, γ2The coefficient of tumor region and the difference of non-tumor region in order to control, IuSize and down-sampling after Image IreSize it is identical, respectively less than pass through window width and window level adjust after image I;
Then, by formula (9), to the down-sampling enhancing image I for the size reduction that formula (8) obtainsuIt is up-sampled, is obtained Iex:Iex=EXPAND (Iu) (9)
Wherein, IexFor the enhancing image of the ROI region of the obtained whole tumor regions of covering of step C, IexSize with pass through window The size of image I after wide window position adjusting is identical;EXPAND () indicates up-sampling operation;
The Weighted Fusion unit is used for:Noise-reduced image to the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering and the whole tumours of covering The enhancing image of the ROI region in region is weighted fusion, obtains the synthesis enhancing figure for covering the ROI region of whole tumor regions Picture.
9. the tumor region Image Intensified System as claimed in claim 8 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:It is described Window width and window level, which adjusts unit, to carry out the pixel value inside ROI region the process of adjusting of window width and window level and is:With elliptical barycenter Centered on, select a rectangular area, the length r of the rectanglelengthLess than elliptical long axis, the width r of the rectanglewidthIt is less than Elliptical short axle;Choose the maximum value C that the maximum gradation value in the rectangle is window width in window techniquemax, choose in the rectangle Minimum gradation value is the minimum value C of window width in window techniquemin;A formula in arbitrary selection following three formula, to ellipse Interior pixel value is mapped:
Wherein, IoriFor original CT MR images, the coefficient of α image overall brightnesses in order to control, γ1For adjustable coefficient, By changing γ1The mapping curve for being worth to different modes, I is the image after being adjusted by window width and window level.
10. the tumor region Image Intensified System as claimed in claim 9 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:γ1 Value be less than 1 when, a relatively narrow input value of range is transformed into the output valve an of wider range by formula (3).
11. the tumor region Image Intensified System as claimed in claim 9 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:Institute State the anisotropy parameter method that noise reduction unit uses for:Noise, anisotropy parameter are removed using Anisotropic Diffusion Model The formula of model is:
Wherein, div () is divergence operator, and c (x, y, t) is diffusion coefficient, and diffusion coefficient is selected as the function of image gradient, t For the time,Gradient operator is represented,It is then the gradient of diffusion coefficient c,It is the gradient of image I, Δ represents Laplce's calculation Son, Δ I are the Laplace operators of image I;
To the Solving Partial Differential Equations that formula (4) indicates, the solution of the equation is expressed as Irn, IrnFor the whole tumor regions of covering The noise-reduced image of ROI region.
12. the tumor region Image Intensified System as claimed in claim 11 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:Institute Stating the function of the diffusion coefficient c (x, y, t) in the formula of Anisotropic Diffusion Model, there are two types of expression ways:
Wherein,Indicate the mould of the gradient of image I, K is constant, the two diffusion coefficient functions are made with the mould of the gradient of image I It is small in the big position diffusion coefficient of gradient to spread the foundation of speed, to play the purpose of Protect edge information.
13. the tumor region Image Intensified System as claimed in claim 8 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:Institute It states EXPAND () to be obtained by extension interpolation operator, if to extend one times of size, increase in both the horizontal and vertical directions Strong one times of pixel often needs to be inserted into a value between row any two pixel, every two in the ranks need to be inserted into a line;Interpolation operator is adopted With bi-cubic interpolation method.
14. the tumor region Image Intensified System as claimed in claim 8 based on synthesis enhancing image, it is characterised in that:Institute It states Weighted Fusion unit and fusion is weighted using the weighted average fusion method of Pixel-level, formula is as follows:
Ien=wIrn+(1-w)·Iex (10)
Wherein, IrnFor the noise-reduced image of the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering, IexFor the areas ROI of the whole tumor regions of covering The enhancing image in domain, w are weighted factor, IenSynthesis for the ROI region of the whole tumor regions of covering enhances image;Pass through selection Different weighted factor w in formula (10), to facilitate doctor to observe the surface and boundary of tumour.
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