CN105739026B - High port number wavelength selective switch - Google Patents

High port number wavelength selective switch Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105739026B
CN105739026B CN201610181487.7A CN201610181487A CN105739026B CN 105739026 B CN105739026 B CN 105739026B CN 201610181487 A CN201610181487 A CN 201610181487A CN 105739026 B CN105739026 B CN 105739026B
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light
light spot
conversion system
lcos
spot
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CN105739026A (en
Inventor
袁志林
杨睿
杨柳
宋丽丹
郭金平
王凡
唐丽红
马雨虹
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Accelink Technologies Co Ltd
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Accelink Technologies Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/29311Diffractive element operating in transmission
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/2938Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/32Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends

Abstract

The invention relates to a wavelength selective switch with high port number, which comprises an input light path part, an output light path part and a light path deflection part, wherein the light path deflection part comprises at least two cascaded LCOS chips, a light spot conversion system is arranged between two adjacent LCOS chips, and the light spot conversion system realizes the consistency of light spots of the cascaded LCOS chips; each light spot conversion system comprises three cylindrical lenses which are sequentially arranged along a light path, wherein the cylindrical lenses positioned at two ends of the light path form a double-lens 4f system mode to realize light spot conversion of a sub-wavelength plane, and the cylindrical lens positioned in the middle of the light path realizes the light spot conversion of a light switching plane. The invention can provide a proper solution for the research and development of the high-end-port WSS device by cascading a plurality of LCOS chips.

Description

High port number wavelength selective switch
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical communication device, in particular to a wavelength selective switch, and particularly relates to a wavelength selective switch with flexibly adjustable high port number and frequency interval, belonging to the field of optical fiber communication.
Background
Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (ROADM) is a key network node of the intelligent Optical network, supports the up and down or blocking of any wavelength service, can realize the arbitrary expansion of communication service through the remote control of software, and has great flexibility. A Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS) is a core photonic device that forms a ROADM node, and can realize arbitrary transmission and switching in multiple directions at any wavelength. In the network architecture of optical transmission switching, the number of ports of the WSS determines the dimension of the network architecture, and more ports of the WSS can support more directions of optical signal transmission switching. With the further and deep development of the networking structure of ROADM nodes, in order to meet optical wavelength switching in more directions, the industry puts forward higher requirements on the dimension of the network architecture, and the WSS is required to be developed towards the direction of higher port number.
Technologies for implementing the WSS mainly include Micro-Optical Electrical Mechanical System (MOEMS), Liquid Crystal (Liquid Crystal, LC) technology, and Liquid Crystal On Silicon (LCOS). LC and LCOS technologies can meet the technical requirement of flexible frequency grids in ROADM system transmission, wherein the LCOS technology can provide finer frequency resolution, has more advantages in performance indexes, supports the mixed transmission of a plurality of optical signals with different rates, and has become the mainstream technology for realizing WSS. LCOS technology realizes the spatial deflection of light beams by controlling the phase change of light paths, and the deflection angle directly determines the number of ports of WSS. But this drive technique has an angular limit to the beam deflection, meaning that it has the maximum number of ports that can be realized.
Currently, the maximum number of ports for WSS based on LCOS technology is 20, which is also the port number limit for current single WSS devices. When the number of more than 20 ports needs to be realized, multiple WSS devices are generally required to be cascaded, but the cascading manner increases the complexity of the networking structure of the ROADM system, also increases the overall cost of the system, and cannot meet the requirement of rapid development of the ROADM system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the technical defects of the existing scheme, and provides a scheme based on the cascade connection of a plurality of LCOS chips on the basis of the traditional single LCOS scheme WSS. When a WSS device with larger port number is manufactured, a larger optical path rotation angle can be realized by cascading a plurality of LCOS chips, so that the larger WSS port number is realized. Meanwhile, a Fourier lens transformation system is required to be added between the LCOS chips, so that the aim of consistent size and position of the light spot on each LCOS chip is achieved, the overall performance of the WSS is ensured not to be degraded, and the index requirement of the system is met.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a wavelength selective switch with high port number comprises an input optical path part, an output optical path part and an optical path deflection part, wherein the optical path deflection part comprises at least two cascaded LCOS chips, a light spot conversion system is arranged between two adjacent LCOS chips, and the light spot conversion system realizes the consistency of light spots of the cascaded LCOS chips; each light spot conversion system comprises three cylindrical lenses which are sequentially arranged along a light path, wherein the cylindrical lenses positioned at two ends of the light path form a double-lens 4f system mode to realize light spot conversion of a sub-wavelength plane, and the cylindrical lens positioned in the middle of the light path realizes the light spot conversion of a light switching plane.
The input optical path part comprises an input device, a first polarization conversion unit, a first light spot shaping system, a first diffraction grating and a first convergent lens; the output optical path part comprises a second converging lens, a second diffraction grating, a second spot shaping system, a second polarization conversion unit and a multi-port output device; the input device and the multi-port output device are respectively used for inputting and outputting optical signals; the first polarization conversion unit and the second polarization conversion unit are respectively used for the mutual conversion between random polarized light and linearly polarized light; the first light spot shaping system and the second light spot shaping system are used for shaping light spots in the light transmission process; the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating are respectively used for multiplexing and demultiplexing of optical signals with different wavelengths in space; the first converging lens and the second converging lens are used for collimation and focusing of optical signals with different wavelengths in space; each of the at least two cascaded LCOS chips is used for independent spatial switching and attenuation of optical wavelength signals; the first light spot conversion system and the second light spot conversion system are used for light spot conversion of light spots in the light switching plane and the wavelength division plane.
And a reflecting mirror is arranged between the input optical path part and the output optical path part and is used for spatial folding of the optical path.
Cylindrical lenses positioned at two ends of the light path of each light spot conversion system form a first light spot conversion system, and cylindrical lenses positioned in the middle of the light path form a second light spot conversion system; the light spot conversion system further comprises a reflector, and the reflector is arranged between the first light spot conversion system and the second light spot conversion system.
LCOS chips connected with the input end and the output end of the light spot conversion system are respectively positioned on the front focal plane and the rear focal plane of the double-lens 4f system of the light spot conversion system.
And the LCOS chips connected with the input end and the output end of the light spot conversion system are respectively positioned on the focal plane of the second light spot conversion system.
The input device employs a single input collimator.
The multi-port output device adopts an output array collimator.
The invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
the invention solves the problem of insufficient turning angle of the traditional LCOS chip. Because of the corner limitation of a single LCOS chip, the maximum number of output ports of the existing WSS device is about 20, and if the number of ports is to be 48, 96, or higher, the existing technical solution cannot be realized. The invention skillfully solves the problem by cascading a plurality of LCOS chips, and can provide a proper solution for the research and development of a high-port WSS device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the optical principle structure of a conventional 1 XN (N.ltoreq.20) WSS-optical switching plane;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the optical principle structure of a conventional 1 XN (N.ltoreq.20) WSS-a sub-wavelength plane;
FIG. 3 is a pixel phase distribution of LCOS chip when controlling the deflection of light beam;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the optical path structure of a WSS according to a first embodiment of the present invention for implementing high port count;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the spot transformation between cascaded LCOS chips of the present invention-the light switching plane;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the spot transformation between cascaded LCOS chips-the wavelength division plane, according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the spot size distribution on different cascaded LCOS chips of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cascade of multiple LCOS chips for implementing high port count in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the light path of the light spot conversion system according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of the optical path structure of a WSS according to a second embodiment of the present invention for implementing a high port count;
wherein:
1: an array collimator input section; 2: an array collimator output section;
3: a first polarization conversion unit; 4: a spot shaping system;
5: a diffraction grating; 6: a converging lens;
7: LCOS chip; 8: a single input collimator;
9: a first polarization conversion unit (input section); 10: a first spot shaping system (input section);
11: a first diffraction grating (input portion); 12: a first condensing lens (input portion);
13: a first cascade LCOS chip; 14: a first spot conversion system (sub-wavelength plane);
15: a second spot transformation system (optical switching plane); 16: a mirror;
17: a second cascade LCOS chip; 18: a second condenser lens (output section);
19: a second diffraction grating (output section); 20: a second spot shaping system (output section);
21: a second polarization conversion unit (output section); 22: an output array collimator;
23: cascading a first spot conversion system (sub-wavelength plane);
24: a cascaded second spot transformation system (optical switching plane); 25: a cascade mirror;
26: a third cascaded LCOS chip;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention.
The conventional principle of WSS optical path based on LCOS technology is shown in fig. 1 and 2, where fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical switching plane, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sub-wavelength plane. The optical signal enters the WSS optical system from the input part 1 of the array collimator and is changed into linearly polarized light from random polarized light after passing through the polarization conversion unit 3; then, the light spot shaping system 4 shapes the light spots into a specific shape required by the optical system, and the light spots are incident on the diffraction grating 5, the light with different wavelengths is spatially separated by the diffraction grating 5, and then the light with different wavelengths is incident on the LCOS chip 7 through the converging lens 6; the LCOS chip 7 controls the light path to deflect in different directions, sequentially and reversely passes through the convergent lens 6, the diffraction grating 5, the light spot shaping system 4 and the polarization conversion unit 3, and finally is output from the array collimator output part 2.
Discrete electrodes are arranged under each liquid crystal pixel of the LCOS chip 7, each electrode can be independently powered and controlled, and independent phase control of each pixel can be realized by independently applying voltage to each electrode. When the phase shift between the pixels reaches 2 pi, the pixels are reset to the initial position, and the phase shift is restarted to 2 pi, so that a periodic phase distribution of 0-2 pi can be formed, as shown in fig. 3. The phase overall structure is similar to that of a binary grating, and blazed diffraction occurs to light.
The optical switching angle of a single LCOS chip is limited, and at present, only WSS with 16 ports or less can be realized. When a higher port WSS is designed and manufactured, a plurality of LCOS chips must be cascaded, but the current design does not consider the light spot consistency conversion on different LCOS chips, and the overall performance index of the WSS is degraded when the chips are cascaded. Therefore, the problem of consistency of the light spots of the high-port-number WSS chip needs to be solved, and the indexes of the WSS are ensured to meet the use requirements.
The invention relates to a wavelength selection switch with high port number, which comprises an input light path part, an output light path part and a light path deflection part, wherein the light path deflection part comprises at least two cascaded LCOS chips, a light spot conversion system is arranged between two adjacent LCOS chips, and the light spot conversion system realizes the consistency of light spots of the cascaded LCOS chips; each light spot conversion system comprises three cylindrical lenses which are sequentially arranged along a light path, wherein the cylindrical lenses positioned at two ends of the light path form a double-lens 4f system mode to realize light spot conversion of a sub-wavelength plane, and the cylindrical lens positioned in the middle of the light path realizes the light spot conversion of a light switching plane.
An embodiment of a wavelength selective switch provided by the present invention is, as shown in fig. 4, mainly used for implementing a WSS with a high port number, and adopts a design manner of separating an input optical path and an output optical path, and by using a light spot transformation system, ensures the size and position matching of light spots on each cascaded LCOS chip, and the main components include a single input collimator 8, a first polarization conversion unit (input part) 9, a first light spot shaping system (input part) 10, a first diffraction grating (input part) 11, a first converging lens (input part) 12, a first cascaded LCOS chip 13, a first light spot transformation system (sub-wavelength plane) 14, a second light spot transformation system (light switching plane) 15, a reflecting mirror 16, a second cascaded LCOS chip 17, a second converging lens (output part) 18, a second diffraction grating (output part) 19, a second light spot shaping system (output part) 20, a first polarization conversion unit (input part) 9, a first light spot shaping system (input part) 10, a second diffraction, A second polarization conversion unit (output section) 21 and an output array collimator 22. Wherein a single input collimator 8 and an output array collimator 22 are used for input and output of optical signals; the first polarization conversion unit 9 and the second polarization conversion unit 21 are used for mutual conversion between random polarized light and linearly polarized light, respectively; the first spot shaping system 10 and the second spot shaping system 20 are respectively used for spot shaping of optical signals in the transmission process; the first diffraction grating 11 and the second diffraction grating 19 are respectively used for multiplexing and demultiplexing optical signals with different wavelengths in space; the first converging lens 12 and the second converging lens 18 are respectively used for collimation and focusing of optical signals with different wavelengths in space; the first cascade LCOS chip 13 and the second cascade LCOS chip 17 are respectively used for independent spatial switching and attenuation of different optical wavelength signals; the first light spot conversion system 14 and the second light spot conversion system 15 are used for light spot conversion of light spots on the light switching plane and the wavelength division plane, so that the sizes and the positions of the light spots on different LCOS chips are consistent; the mirror 16 is used for spatial folding of the light path.
The invention adopts the design form of separating the light path input part and the light path output part, is more beneficial to cascading two or more LCOS chips when designing the LCOS chip cascading scheme, has larger flexibility and is suitable for the space expansion of the number of WSS ports.
To further illustrate the spot mapping system between different LCOS chips, the present invention is explained in detail in conjunction with fig. 5 and 6. For simplicity, the remaining non-essential functional elements in the optical path are omitted from fig. 5 and 6, and only relevant parts of the spot conversion system are shown.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a spot conversion system for an optical switching plane. The first spot conversion system 14 is a cylindrical lens with two sub-wavelength planes, which do not perform conversion in the light switching plane. The second light spot conversion system 15 is a cylindrical lens of a light switching plane, and is used for light spot conversion of the light switching plane, so as to ensure that light spots of the light switching plane on the first cascade LCOS chip 13 and the second cascade LCOS chip 17 are consistent. The first spot conversion system 14 only functions as spot conversion in the sub-wavelength plane and only functions as a parallel plate in the plane perpendicular thereto. In order to perform the function of spot transformation, the first cascade LCOS chip 13 and the second cascade LCOS chip 17 are both located on the focal plane of the second spot transformation system 15, and the spot transformation satisfies formula 1.
Wherein, ω is2Is the spot size, omega, on the second cascaded LCOS chip 171Is the size of the light spot on the first cascaded LCOS chip 13, f is the focal length of the second light spot conversion system 15, and λ is the size of the wavelength involved in the conversion. To ensure the spot size on the first cascade LCOS chip 13 and the second cascade LCOS chip 17The focal length f and the spot size are in one-to-one correspondence, and when the spot size changes, the focal length f also changes.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a spot conversion system in a sub-wavelength plane. The light spot of the light switching plane is changed, and the requirement can be met by changing one lens only by ensuring the size of the light spot to be consistent. When the sub-wavelength plane conversion is carried out, the sizes of light spots are required to be consistent, and the positions of the light spots with different wavelengths are also required to be consistent, so that the conversion is completed by adopting a double-lens 4f system, and the first light spot conversion system 14 consists of two cylindrical lenses of the sub-wavelength plane. The second spot conversion system 15 only functions as spot conversion in the light switching plane and only functions as a parallel plate in the plane perpendicular thereto. The first cascade LCOS chip 13 and the second cascade LCOS chip 17 are both placed on the front focal plane and the rear focal plane of the double-lens 4f system of the first light spot conversion system 14, and the formula of light spot conversion is shown in formula 1.
The schematic diagram of the light spots on the different LCOS chips after passing through the light spot conversion system is shown in fig. 7, and the size and position of the light spots on all the LCOS chips 13 and 17 are consistent. In practical application, a plurality of light spot conversion systems can be selected according to the requirement of the number of ports, and the purpose of increasing the deflection angle of a light path can be achieved by cascading a plurality of LCOS chips, so that the larger number of output ports is realized. As shown in fig. 8, when 3 LCOS chips are cascaded, the cascaded first light spot conversion system 23 (wavelength division plane) and the cascaded second light spot conversion system 24 (light switching plane) of the light spot conversion system can implement the light spot cascade matching of the third cascaded LCOS chip 26 and the second cascaded LCOS chip 17, and then output from the output light path in sequence, so that the performance index of the WSS can be kept unchanged.
As shown in fig. 9, the combination of the first light spot conversion system 23 (wavelength division plane), the second light spot conversion system 24 (light switching plane) and the reflector 25 is analogized to a light spot conversion system, when more LCOS chips need to be cascaded, the light spot conversion system is cascaded, and when the number of the LCOS chips increases, the number of the light spot conversion systems sequentially increases to ensure that the light spots on all the cascaded LCOS chips are consistent, as shown in fig. 10.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a related embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes will fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A wavelength selective switch with high port number comprises an input optical path part, an output optical path part and an optical path deflection part, and is characterized in that: the light path deflection part comprises at least two cascaded first cascade LCOS chips (13) and second cascade LCOS chips (17), a light spot conversion system is arranged between the first cascade LCOS chips (13) and the second cascade LCOS chips (17), and the light spot conversion system comprises a first light spot conversion system (14) and a second light spot conversion system (15) which are used for light spot conversion of light spots on a light switching plane and a wavelength division plane; the first light spot conversion system (14) is a wavelength division plane cylindrical lens positioned at two ends of a light spot conversion light path, and does not play a conversion role in a light switching plane; the two cylindrical lenses form a double-lens 4f system, and the second light spot conversion system (15) is a cylindrical lens of a light switching plane positioned in the middle of the double-lens 4f system; the first cascade LCOS chip (13) and the second cascade LCOS chip (17) are respectively positioned on the front focal plane and the rear focal plane of the first light spot conversion system (14) and positioned on the focal plane of the second light spot conversion system (15); the spot transformation needs to satisfy the formula:ω2is the spot size, omega, on the second cascade LCOS chip (17)1Is the size of the light spot on the first cascade LCOS chip (13), f is the focal length of the second light spot conversion system (15), and lambda is the size of the wavelength participating in the conversion.
2. A high port number wavelength selective switch according to claim 1, wherein: the input optical path part comprises an input device, a first polarization conversion unit (9), a first spot shaping system (10), a first diffraction grating (11) and a first convergent lens (12); the output optical path part comprises a second converging lens (18), a second diffraction grating (19), a second spot shaping system (20), a second polarization conversion unit (21) and a multi-port output device; the input device and the multi-port output device are respectively used for inputting and outputting optical signals; the first polarization conversion unit (9) and the second polarization conversion unit (21) are respectively used for the mutual conversion between random polarized light and linearly polarized light; the first spot shaping system (10) and the second spot shaping system (20) are used for spot shaping in the optical transmission process; the first diffraction grating (11) and the second diffraction grating (19) are respectively used for multiplexing and demultiplexing optical signals with different wavelengths in space; the first converging lens (12) and the second converging lens (18) are used for collimation and focusing of optical signals with different wavelengths in space.
3. A high port number wavelength selective switch according to claim 2, wherein: a reflecting mirror (16) is arranged between the input optical path part and the output optical path part and is used for spatial folding of the optical path.
4. A high port number wavelength selective switch according to claim 1, wherein: the light spot conversion system further comprises a reflecting mirror (16), and the reflecting mirror (16) is arranged between the first light spot conversion system (14) and the second light spot conversion system (15).
5. A high port number wavelength selective switch according to claim 3, wherein: the input device employs a single input collimator (8).
6. A high port number wavelength selective switch according to claim 3, wherein: the multi-port output device employs an output array collimator (22).
CN201610181487.7A 2016-03-28 2016-03-28 High port number wavelength selective switch Active CN105739026B (en)

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CN113156585A (en) * 2020-01-23 2021-07-23 华为技术有限公司 Wavelength selective switch WSS
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CN117518358A (en) * 2022-07-30 2024-02-06 华为技术有限公司 Wavelength selective switch, method for scheduling beam transmission direction and optical switching node

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