CN105737806A - Method and device for inverting sea surface salinity based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer - Google Patents
Method and device for inverting sea surface salinity based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for inverting sea surface salinity based on a satellite-borne microwave radiometer and relates to the field of ocean exploration. The method includes the steps that observation brightness temperature data of a waveband c and a waveband x of a target sea surface region and auxiliary data corresponding to the observation brightness temperature data are acquired respectively through the satellite-borne microwave radiometer, and the difference between the vertical polarization reflectivity of the observation c/x waveband is calculated; the difference between the vertical polarization reflectivity of the observation c/x waveband is subjected to digital image optimization, and the optimized difference between the vertical polarization reflectivity of the observation c/x waveband is obtained; the optimized difference between the vertical polarization reflectivity of the observation c/x waveband and the auxiliary data are subjected to inversion calculation through a preset lookup table, and the sea surface salinity of the target sea surface region is obtained. The calculation result of the observation brightness temperature data is optimized, the calculation result is closer to an actual value, the distribution situation of the sea surface salinity obtained through inversion of the calculation structure is more approximate to the actual value, and therefore the inversion precision of the sea surface salinity is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine exploration field, in particular to a kind of method and apparatus based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity.
Background technology
Sea surface salinity is one of important parameter describing sea state, studies its change and the regularity of distribution analysis ocean self-characteristic and understanding ocean effect in sea-gas complication system is significant.Further, sea surface salinity is also the object of study that the Other subjects such as meteorology, ecology, hydrology and fishery are paid close attention to application.
In the process that sea surface salinity is studied, it is necessary first to obtain sea surface salinity；At present, the method obtaining sea surface salinity is, uses in orbit and produces the microwave radiometer corresponding data of acquisition of business product, then directly the data obtained are processed accordingly, to be finally inversed by the sea surface salinity of correspondence；Wherein, above-mentioned microwave radiometer can be the AMSR series microwave radiometer of Japan or the U.S..
Inventor finds under study for action, either directly through the method for the data inversion sea surface salinity obtained in prior art so that the salt angle value that inverting obtains is bigger with the deviation of actual salt angle value.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method and apparatus based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity, it is possible to by the result of calculation observing bright temperature data is optimized process, to improve the inversion accuracy of sea surface salinity value.
First aspect, embodiments provides a kind of method based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity, and method includes:
The assistance data that target water area wave band c is corresponding with observing bright temperature data with the bright temperature data of observation of x wave band is obtained respectively by satellite-borne microwave radiometer；
The assistance data observing bright temperature data and correspondence according to c/x wave band, the difference of calculating observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
The difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out digital picture optimization process, obtains the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized；
The difference and the assistance data that utilize the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance presetting look-up table to optimizing carry out Inversion Calculation, obtain the sea surface salinity of target water area.
In conjunction with first aspect, embodiments provide the first possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein, the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance being carried out digital picture optimization process, the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance obtaining optimization includes:
According to dielectric constant model and assistance data, the difference of calculating simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
The difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out contrast statistical disposition with the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance, obtains including the two-dimensional digital image of the order of magnitude of the difference of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
Adjust the order of magnitude of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in two-dimensional digital image, obtain first time revised two-dimensional digital image；
Utilize data rotation method that first time revised two-dimensional digital image carries out second time correcting process, obtain the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
The first possible embodiment in conjunction with first aspect, embodiments provide the embodiment that the second of first aspect is possible, wherein, adjust the order of magnitude of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in two-dimensional digital image to include with the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference simulating c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance:
The difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is expressed as the function of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance by the method adopting least squares line fitting, obtains update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+0.0107；
According to update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+ 0.0107, adjust the order of magnitude of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in two-dimensional digital image and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
In conjunction with the embodiment that the second of first aspect is possible, embodiments provide the third possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein, utilizing data rotation method that first time revised two-dimensional digital image carries out second time correcting process, the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance obtaining optimization includes:
The difference of the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in first time revised two-dimensional digital image and simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out pairing statistical disposition, obtains the two-dimensional digital image with data value；Wherein, the x-axis at the pictorial element place of two-dimensional digital image represents model reflectance, and y-axis represents observation reflectance；
Center of mass point according to the two dimensional image that all pictorial elements in two-dimensional digital image are constituted, it is determined that the rotation axis of two-dimensional digital image；
APPROXIMATE DISTRIBUTION straight line according to pictorial elements all in two-dimensional digital image, it is determined that the anglec of rotation of two-dimensional digital image；
According to rotation axis and the anglec of rotation, first time revised two-dimensional digital image is rotated process, obtain the revised two-dimensional digital image of second time；
The difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is extracted, as the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized from the revised two-dimensional digital image of second time.
The third possible embodiment in conjunction with first aspect, embodiments provide the 4th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein, the assistance data observing bright temperature data and correspondence according to c/x wave band, the difference of calculating observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance includes:
The vertical polarization reflectance of wave band c and x wave band is calculated respectively by below equation
Calculate the difference of the vertical polarization reflectance of wave band c and the vertical polarization reflectance of x wave band, obtain the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of device based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity, and device includes:
Acquisition module, the assistance data corresponding with observing bright temperature data with the bright temperature data of observation of x wave band for being obtained target water area wave band c respectively by satellite-borne microwave radiometer；
Computing module, for the assistance data observing bright temperature data and correspondence according to c/x wave band, the difference of calculating observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
Digital picture optimization process module, for the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out digital picture optimization process, obtains the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized；
Inversion Calculation module, carries out Inversion Calculation for the difference and assistance data utilizing the default look-up table observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance to optimizing, obtains the sea surface salinity of target water area.
In conjunction with second aspect, embodiments providing the first possible embodiment of second aspect, wherein, digital picture optimization process module includes:
First computing unit, for according to dielectric constant model and assistance data, the difference of calculating simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
Contrast statistical disposition unit, for the difference of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance with simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out contrast statistical disposition, obtain including the two-dimensional digital image of the order of magnitude of the difference of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
First time correcting process unit, for adjusting the order of magnitude and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance of the difference observing c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in two-dimensional digital image, obtains first time revised two-dimensional digital image；
Second time correcting process unit, is used for utilizing data rotation method that first time revised two-dimensional digital image carries out second time correcting process, obtains the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
In conjunction with the first possible embodiment of second aspect, embodiments providing the embodiment that the second of second aspect is possible, wherein, first time correcting process unit includes:
Update equation obtains subelement, is used for the function that the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is expressed as the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance by the method adopting least squares line fitting, obtains update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+0.0107；
Adjust subelement, for according to update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+ 0.0107, adjust the order of magnitude of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in two-dimensional digital image and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
In conjunction with the embodiment that the second of second aspect is possible, embodiments providing the third possible embodiment of second aspect, wherein, second time correcting process unit includes:
Pairing statistical disposition subelement, for the difference of the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in first time revised two-dimensional digital image and simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out pairing statistical disposition, obtain the two-dimensional digital image with data value；Wherein, the x-axis at the pictorial element place of two-dimensional digital image represents model reflectance, and y-axis represents observation reflectance；
Subelement determined by rotation axis, the center of mass point of the two dimensional image for constituting according to all pictorial elements in two-dimensional digital image, it is determined that the rotation axis of two-dimensional digital image；
The anglec of rotation determines subelement, the APPROXIMATE DISTRIBUTION straight line according to pictorial elements all in two-dimensional digital image, it is determined that the anglec of rotation of two-dimensional digital image；
Rotation processing subelement, for according to rotation axis and the anglec of rotation, first time revised two-dimensional digital image being rotated process, obtains the revised two-dimensional digital image of second time；
Extract subelement, for extracting the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance from the revised two-dimensional digital image of second time, as the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
In conjunction with the third possible embodiment of second aspect, embodiments providing the 4th kind of possible embodiment of second aspect, wherein, computing module includes:
Second computing unit, for calculating the vertical polarization reflectance of wave band c and x wave band respectively by below equation
3rd computing unit, is used for the difference of the vertical polarization reflectance calculating wave band c and the vertical polarization reflectance of x wave band, obtains the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
A kind of method and apparatus based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity that the embodiment of the present invention provides, method includes: obtained the assistance data observing bright temperature data and correspondence of target water area wave band c and x wave band the difference of calculating observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance respectively by satellite-borne microwave radiometer；Then, the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out digital picture optimization process；Finally, utilize default look-up table that difference and the assistance data of the observation wave band c after optimizing and the reflectance of x wave band are carried out Inversion Calculation, obtain the sea surface salinity of target water area, with the method either directly through the data inversion sea surface salinity obtained of the prior art, make the salt angle value that inverting obtains compared with the deviation more greatly of actual salt angle value, the result of calculation observing bright temperature data is optimized process by it, make result of calculation closer to actual value, also make the distribution situation of sea surface salinity that obtained by this computation structure inverting closer to actual value, thus improve the inversion accuracy of sea surface salinity.
For making the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage to become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate appended accompanying drawing, it is described in detail below.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment will be briefly described below, it is to be understood that, the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore the restriction to scope it is not construed as, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other relevant accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 illustrates the flow chart of a kind of method based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 illustrates another kind that the embodiment of the present invention the provides flow chart based on the method for satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity；
Fig. 3 illustrates that the embodiment of the present invention includes the schematic diagram of the two-dimentional dimension word image of the order of magnitude of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of the two-dimentional dimension word image in the embodiment of the present invention after first time correction；
Fig. 5 illustrates another kind that the embodiment of the present invention the provides flow chart based on the method for satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity；
Fig. 6 illustrates the schematic diagram of the two-dimensional digital image in the embodiment of the present invention with data value；
Fig. 7 illustrates the schematic diagram of the center-of-mass coordinate of 12 parts having in the embodiment of the present invention in the two-dimensional digital image of data value；
Fig. 8 illustrates the schematic diagram of the two-dimensional digital image in the embodiment of the present invention after second time is revised；
Fig. 9 illustrates the structural representation of a kind of device based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Figure 10 illustrates a kind of structural representation based on digital picture optimization process module in the device of satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity and first time correcting process unit that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
It is a kind of based on the structural representation of second time correcting process unit and computing module in the device of satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity that Figure 11 illustrates that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Generally can with various different configurations arrange and design with the assembly of the embodiment of the present invention that illustrate described in accompanying drawing herein.Therefore, below the detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit claimed the scope of the present invention, but is merely representative of the selected embodiment of the present invention.Based on embodiments of the invention, the every other embodiment that those skilled in the art obtain under the premise not making creative work, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
For in prior art either directly through the method for data inversion sea surface salinity obtained, the salt angle value that inverting obtains is made to deviate bigger problem with actual salt angle value, embodiments provide a kind of method and apparatus based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity, it is by being optimized process to the result of calculation observing bright temperature data directly obtained, make this result of calculation closer to actual value, also make the distribution situation of the sea surface salinity obtained by this computation structure inverting closer to actual value, thus improve the inversion accuracy of sea surface salinity.
Illustrating to embodiments provide a kind of method based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity below in conjunction with Fig. 1, described method includes:
S101, obtained target water area wave band c and x wave band respectively by satellite-borne microwave radiometer observe the assistance data that bright temperature data are corresponding with observing bright temperature data.
Concrete, microwave radiation from sea surface is mainly determined by factors such as SST, sea surface salinity, the coarse situations in sea, additionally, microwave radiation from sea surface is additionally subjected to the impact of the factors such as radiation frequency, observation angle and polarized state.At present, using the information that the means of space-based remote sensing obtain sea surface salinity to be completed (SMOS and Aquarius is microwave radiation observation system herein) by SMOS and Aquarius, above-mentioned two observation system is all equipped with special L-band and carries out radiation detection.Except above-mentioned two microwave radiation observation system, still in orbit and produce the AMSR series having Japan/U.S. of business product and the serial microwave radiometer (such as ocean two microwave radiometer) of HY (i.e. ocean) of China.The sensor lowest operating frequency of the Seeds of First Post-flight of above-mentioned two series is positioned at C-band, and wherein, C-band and X-band are different for the sensitivity of salinity, and all non-normally low.Therefore utilize the difference of C-band and X-band salinity susceptivity can inverting sea surface salinity；Based on this, in the embodiment of the present invention, obtained the bright temperature data of observation of wave band c and x wave band by satellite-borne microwave radiometer, in order to the sea surface salinity of follow-up inverting target area.
Experimental Area (i.e. above-mentioned target water area) is selected in China Seas and vicinity (Longitude:105 ° of E-135 ° of E, Latitude:0 ° of-40 ° of N) by the embodiment of the present invention, and pays close attention to sea area, the Huanghai Sea East Sea.This is owing to being Changjiang River into sea mouth place here, relative to thalassicum change acutely.
The embodiment of the present invention is that first satellite-borne microwave radiometer obtains the bright temperature data of observation and the assistance data of wave band c and x wave band, then the above three data obtained are carried out consistency treatment, be namely chosen at the bright temperature data of observation of the bright temperature data of observation of wave band c corresponding to same assistance data, x wave band；Wherein, the satellite-borne microwave radiometer that the embodiment of the present invention uses is preferably HY-2A microwave radiometer, namely first ocean dynamical environment satellite that China sends, obtains the bright temperature data of observation of the bright temperature data of observation of wave band c, x wave band by the related data of this HY-2A；Above-mentioned assistance data includes: for WOA09 salinity Climatological data (can also be called WOA09 Salinity Data) of inversion result comparison, for observing the L2b data of the AMSR-2 of bright temperature coupling with HY-2A.Wherein, above-mentioned l2b data, including SST, ocean surface wind speed, moisture content, liquid water content；WOA09 salinity Climatological data are salinity Climatological data, provide by month.Above-mentioned assistance data can facilitate salinity inverting, and above-mentioned 5 physical quantitys of above-mentioned assistance data (i.e. SST, ocean surface wind speed, moisture content, liquid water content and WOA09 salinity Climatological data) can adopt the mode such as sounding balloon, buoy to obtain.
S102, the assistance data observing bright temperature data and correspondence according to c/x wave band, the difference of calculating observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
Concrete, according to formulaCalculate the bright temperature data of observation of c/x wave band respectively, then can calculate the difference of the bright temperature data of wave band c and x wave band；Wherein, R is the reflectance that sea surface emissivity is corresponding, R=1-E.M is a function containing Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation, atmospheric transmittance, surface scattering correction, cosmic background radiation；TBRepresent the bright temperature of Based Microwave Radiometer Detection, TBUIt is air uplink radiation (upwellingatmosphericbrightnesstemperature), TBΩIt is the surface scattering (skyradiationscatteredupwardbyEarthsurface) of atmospheric radiation, TsBeing SST, τ is atmospheric transmittance (atmospherictransmission), E is sea surface emissivity (sea-surfaceemissivity).
S103, difference to observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance carry out digital picture optimization process, obtain the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
As it has been described above, the embodiment of the present invention adopts HY-2a radiometer obtain the bright temperature data of observation of wave band c and x wave band, it is contemplated that the observation data of above-mentioned HY-2a instrument may exist systematic deviation, it is necessary to the data gathered are modified.
Concrete correcting mode is as follows: the embodiment of the present invention: first according to dielectric constant model and assistance data, the difference (i.e. the difference of model reflectance) of calculating simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance, then compare and observed bright temperature and assistance data (AMSR-2L2b product and WOA09 Salinity Data) by HY-2a and calculate the difference of the C-band of gained and the vertical polarization reflectance of X-band and the distribution of both differences of model reflectance, and devise following data processing method according to above-mentioned comparative result: the first step, zoom in and out-translation process, the order of magnitude calculating the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance of gained is adjusted consistent with the difference of model reflectance；Second step, rotates-translation process, revises the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance after the first step adjusts.Data through above-mentioned two steps process, the difference of C-band and X-band vertical polarization reflectance is revised, and above-mentioned data correction mode is data to be processed as two dimensional image, maintain the topological property between data point (namely observe the difference of c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and simulate the data point corresponding to difference of c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance) constant.
S104, utilization are preset the look-up table difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and the assistance data of correspondence to optimization and are carried out Inversion Calculation, obtain the sea surface salinity of target water area.
In the embodiment of the present invention, previously according to dielectric constant model and Fresnel reflection law, calculate sea surface salinity 0 and arrive the difference of the c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in 40psu and SST 290K to 315K scope, and using this value function as sea surface salinity and SST, generate and preset look-up table, then utilize this default look-up table that difference and the corresponding assistance data of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance after the optimization of above-mentioned calculating are carried out inversion procedure, get final product inverting and obtain the sea surface salinity (namely searching the sea surface salinity corresponding with the difference of above-mentioned observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and corresponding assistance data in default look-up table) of target water area.
Concrete, the sea surface salinity of inverting is by identical SST, and the difference of the difference of the vertical polarization reflectance that model calculates and observes minimizes decision.
A kind of method based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity that the embodiment of the present invention provides, the assistance data observing bright temperature data and correspondence of target water area wave band c and x wave band the difference of calculating observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is obtained respectively by satellite-borne microwave radiometer；Then, the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out digital picture optimization process；Finally, utilize default look-up table that difference and the assistance data of the observation wave band c after optimizing and the reflectance of x wave band are carried out Inversion Calculation, obtain the sea surface salinity of target water area, with the method either directly through the data inversion sea surface salinity obtained of the prior art, make the salt angle value that inverting obtains compared with the deviation more greatly of actual salt angle value, the result of calculation observing bright temperature data is optimized process by it, make result of calculation closer to actual value, also make the distribution situation of sea surface salinity that obtained by this computation structure inverting closer to actual value, thus improve the inversion accuracy of sea surface salinity.
As mentioned above, the embodiment of the present invention adopt HY-2a radiometer obtain the bright temperature data of observation of wave band c and x wave band, consider that the observation data of above-mentioned HY-2a instrument may exist systematic deviation, the data to gathering are needed to be modified, with reference to Fig. 2, the correcting mode of the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes following steps:
S201, according to dielectric constant model and assistance data, the difference of calculating simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
The dielectric constant model that the embodiment of the present invention uses is represented by Debye equation, and its Parameter Expression is published in the ATBD (2000) of AMSR-E.
S202, the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out contrast statistical disposition with the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance, obtain including the two-dimensional digital image of the order of magnitude of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
Concrete, difference and the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance according to observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance build two dimension dimension word image (as shown in Figure 3), in this two-dimensional digital image, the x-axis at pictorial element place represents model reflectance, y-axis represents observation reflectance, and the value of pixel is statistics number；And by the comparison that the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance carry out, this two-dimensional digital image includes the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and each self-corresponding order of magnitude of difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
The order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of S203, the order of magnitude adjusting the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in two-dimensional digital image and simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance, obtains first time revised two-dimensional digital image.
From Fig. 3, can be seen that, in the two-dimensional digital image built in step 202, the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and each self-corresponding order of magnitude of difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance are not corresponding, therefore need consistent for the order of magnitude adjustment of said two devices, concrete grammar is, the order of magnitude of the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in figure is adjusted to and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference simulating c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance, first time revised two-dimensional digital image can be obtained.
S204, utilize data rotation method that first time revised two-dimensional digital image carries out second time correcting process, obtain the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
Concrete so that observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance closer to actual value, the above-mentioned two-dimensional digital image after data rotation method will be utilized in the embodiment of the present invention to be revised first time still carries out second time correcting process.
In the two-dimensional digital image built in step 202, the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and each self-corresponding order of magnitude of difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance are not corresponding, therefore need the order of magnitude adjustment of said two devices consistent, concrete grammar is as follows:
The difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is expressed as the function of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance by the method adopting least squares line fitting, obtains update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+0.0107；Wherein, RmodelIt it is the difference (namely simulating the difference of c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance) of the reflectance of model；RobsIt it is the difference (namely observing the difference of c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance) of the reflectance of observation；
According to update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+ 0.0107, adjust the order of magnitude of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in two-dimensional digital image and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.Wherein, the two-dimensional digital image obtained after correction is as shown in Figure 4.
In the embodiment of the present invention, so that observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance closer to actual value, the embodiment of the present invention will utilize data rotation method that the above-mentioned two-dimensional digital image after first time correction is still carried out second time correcting process, with reference to Fig. 5, the specific implementation of above-mentioned steps 204 is as follows:
S301, the statistical disposition that undertaken matching by the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in first time revised two-dimensional digital image and the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance, obtain the two-dimensional digital image with data value；Wherein, the x-axis at the pictorial element place of two-dimensional digital image represents model reflectance, and y-axis represents observation reflectance.
S302, the center of mass point of two dimensional image constituted according to all pictorial elements in two-dimensional digital image, it is determined that the rotation axis of two-dimensional digital image.
S303, APPROXIMATE DISTRIBUTION straight line according to pictorial elements all in two-dimensional digital image, it is determined that the anglec of rotation of two-dimensional digital image.
S304, according to rotation axis and the anglec of rotation, to first time revised two-dimensional digital image rotate process, obtain second time revised two-dimensional digital image.
S305, from the revised two-dimensional digital image of second time, extract the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance, as the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
With reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, in conjunction with above-mentioned steps 301-305, concrete, the difference (i.e. multiple data) of the simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in the two-dimensional digital image revise first time and the difference (i.e. multiple data) of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance carry out pairing statistics, and the numerical digit of above-mentioned data is rounded to 0.000001.So, after pairing statistics, just constitute an abscissa and vertical coordinate is respectively provided with data value two-dimensional digital image (as shown in Figure 6), wherein, in above-mentioned two-dimensional digital image, the x-axis of image picture elements (i.e. pictorial element) is model reflectance, y-axis is observation reflectance, and the value of pixel is statistics number.Then, the threshold value of above-mentioned pixel is taken as 0,1,5,10 respectively, number is removed less than the data of threshold value, the individual percentage of former data shared by the data of reservation respectively 100%, 93.0%, 78.8%, 69.5%.And the distribution of above-mentioned two-dimensional digital image body data is also be approximately straight line.First time revised data are revised by method again that therefore can use data rotation；Wherein, above-mentioned rotation is it is crucial that the location of the selection of the anglec of rotation and rotation axis (being perpendicular to plane).
Considering the point that the barycenter (CentreofMass) of the two dimensional image that all pixels constitute passes through as rotation axis, the coordinate of this point is (0.0107577,0.010779), is located approximately on 45 ° of straight lines of initial point；The near linear that the angle of above-mentioned rotation is distributed by body data determines, in order to obtain the relevant parameter (i.e. the slope of linear equation and cut according to parameter) of this straight line, according to model reflectance, all pixels of image are divided into 12 parts from small to large, and (front 11 parts respectively include 1000 pixels, last part includes 784 pixels), find the center-of-mass coordinate of each part.The distribution of these 12 pairs of coordinates is approximately straight line, and equation is: y=0.011057x+0.010660；
This straight line and x-axis angle are 0.63349 degree, and therefore the anglec of rotation is for rotating θ=44.46651 ° counterclockwise.After rotation, barycenter was moved on 45 ° of straight lines of initial point (x coordinate is constant), obtained second step correction data.
Then can obtain the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance from the two-dimensional digital image that above-mentioned second time is revised, as the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized, and participate in follow-up calculating.
It addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the concrete calculation of the difference observing c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in above-mentioned steps 102 is as follows:
The vertical polarization reflectance of wave band c and x wave band is calculated respectively by below equation
Calculate the difference of the vertical polarization reflectance of wave band c and the vertical polarization reflectance of x wave band, obtain the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
Concrete, radiative transfer model (RadiativeTransferModel, RTM) is used for describing the relation of the physical factor related in the bright temperature of Based Microwave Radiometer Detection and road radiation transmission process, it is possible to be expressed as following form: TB=TBU+τ[ETs+TBΩ](1)
Wherein, TBRepresent the bright temperature of Based Microwave Radiometer Detection, TBUIt is air uplink radiation (upwellingatmosphericbrightnesstemperature), TBΩIt is the surface scattering (skyradiationscatteredupwardbyEarthsurface) of atmospheric radiation, TsBeing SST, τ is atmospheric transmittance (atmospherictransmission), E is sea surface emissivity (sea-surfaceemissivity).TBΩExpression-form concrete in different parameterized RTM is different, it is possible to unified for equation below:
TBΩ=R M (2)
Wherein, R is the reflectance that sea surface emissivity is corresponding, R=1-E.M is a function containing Downward atmospheric long-wave radiation, atmospheric transmittance, surface scattering correction, cosmic background radiation.According to equation (1) and equation (2), sea surface reflection rate can be expressed as equation below:
Can obtain as drawn a conclusion from the graph of a relation of vertical polarization reflectance, SST and sea surface salinity: the vertical polarization reflectance of (1) X and C-band responding far below the response to SST about sea surface salinity.(2) change of SST change and sea surface salinity is all responded by the vertical polarization reflectance of C-band to some extent.(3) SST change is responded by the vertical polarization reflectance of X-band to some extent, in low temperature range, sea surface salinity change is substantially free of response.(4) SST change and sea surface salinity change are all had obvious response by the difference of the vertical polarization reflectance of X and C-band.
The embodiment of the present invention use HY-2a scanning microwave radiometer observe bright temperature, and use the L2b product of AMSR-2 and WOA09 Salinity Data as assistance data, the inverting sea surface salinity in CHINESE OFFSHORE sea area, result shows by experiment, the quality of the HY-2a salinity retrieval products after data correction is better than the inversion result of the bright temperature data of L1a directly using AMSR-E, and it is 0.4086psu at the RMSE in whole CHINESE OFFSHORE sea area.
A kind of method based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity that the embodiment of the present invention provides, with the method either directly through the data inversion sea surface salinity obtained of the prior art, make the salt angle value that inverting obtains compared with the deviation more greatly of actual salt angle value, the result of calculation observing bright temperature data is optimized process by it, make result of calculation closer to actual value, also make the distribution situation of the sea surface salinity obtained by this computation structure inverting closer to actual value, thus improve the inversion accuracy of sea surface salinity.
Present invention also offers a kind of device based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity, described device is for performing the method based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity, as it is shown in figure 9, described device includes:
Acquisition module 11, the assistance data corresponding with observing bright temperature data with the bright temperature data of observation of x wave band for being obtained target water area wave band c respectively by satellite-borne microwave radiometer；
Computing module 12, for the assistance data observing bright temperature data and correspondence according to c/x wave band, the difference of calculating observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
Digital picture optimization process module 13, for the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out digital picture optimization process, obtains the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized；
Inversion Calculation module 14, carries out Inversion Calculation for the difference and assistance data utilizing the default look-up table observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance to optimizing, obtains the sea surface salinity of target water area.
As mentioned above, the embodiment of the present invention adopt HY-2a radiometer obtain the bright temperature data of observation of wave band c and x wave band, consider that the observation data of above-mentioned HY-2a instrument may exist systematic deviation, the data to gathering are needed to be modified, with reference to Figure 10, digital picture optimization process module 13 includes:
First computing unit 131, for according to dielectric constant model and assistance data, the difference of calculating simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
Contrast statistical disposition unit 132, for the difference of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance with simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out contrast statistical disposition, obtain including the two-dimensional digital image of the order of magnitude of the difference of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
First time correcting process unit 133, for adjusting the order of magnitude and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance of the difference observing c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in two-dimensional digital image, obtains first time revised two-dimensional digital image；
Second time correcting process unit 134, is used for utilizing data rotation method that first time revised two-dimensional digital image carries out second time correcting process, obtains the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
Further, as shown in Figure 10, first time correcting process unit 133 includes:
Update equation obtains subelement 1331, is used for the function that the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is expressed as the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance by the method adopting least squares line fitting, obtains update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+0.0107；
Adjust subelement 1332, for according to update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+ 0.0107, adjust the order of magnitude of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in two-dimensional digital image and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
Further, as shown in figure 11, second time correcting process unit 134 includes:
Pairing statistical disposition subelement 1341, for the difference of the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in first time revised two-dimensional digital image and simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out pairing statistical disposition, obtain the two-dimensional digital image with data value；Wherein, the x-axis at the pictorial element place of two-dimensional digital image represents model reflectance, and y-axis represents observation reflectance；
Subelement 1342 determined by rotation axis, the center of mass point of the two dimensional image for constituting according to all pictorial elements in two-dimensional digital image, it is determined that the rotation axis of two-dimensional digital image；
The anglec of rotation determines subelement 1343, the APPROXIMATE DISTRIBUTION straight line according to pictorial elements all in two-dimensional digital image, it is determined that the anglec of rotation of two-dimensional digital image；
Rotation processing subelement 1344, for according to rotation axis and the anglec of rotation, first time revised two-dimensional digital image being rotated process, obtains the revised two-dimensional digital image of second time；
Extract subelement 1345, for extracting the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance from the revised two-dimensional digital image of second time, as the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
It addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 11, computing module 12 includes:
Second computing unit 121, for calculating the vertical polarization reflectance of wave band c and x wave band respectively by below equation
3rd computing unit 122, is used for the difference of the vertical polarization reflectance calculating wave band c and the vertical polarization reflectance of x wave band, obtains the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
A kind of device based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity that the embodiment of the present invention provides, with the method either directly through the data inversion sea surface salinity obtained of the prior art, make the salt angle value that inverting obtains compared with the deviation more greatly of actual salt angle value, the result of calculation observing bright temperature data is optimized process by it, make result of calculation closer to actual value, also make the distribution situation of the sea surface salinity obtained by this computation structure inverting closer to actual value, thus improve the inversion accuracy of sea surface salinity.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed system, apparatus and method, it is possible to realize by another way.Device embodiment described above is merely schematic, such as, the division of described unit, it is only a kind of logic function to divide, actual can have other dividing mode when realizing, again such as, multiple unit or assembly can in conjunction with or be desirably integrated into another system, or some features can ignore, or do not perform.Another point, shown or discussed coupling each other or direct-coupling or communication connection can be through INDIRECT COUPLING or the communication connection of some communication interfaces, device or unit, it is possible to be electrical, machinery or other form.
The described unit illustrated as separating component can be or may not be physically separate, and the parts shown as unit can be or may not be physical location, namely may be located at a place, or can also be distributed on multiple NE.Some or all of unit therein can be selected according to the actual needs to realize the purpose of the present embodiment scheme.
It addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated in a processing unit, it is also possible to be that unit is individually physically present, it is also possible to two or more unit are integrated in a unit.
If described function is using the form realization of SFU software functional unit and as independent production marketing or use, it is possible to be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Based on such understanding, part or the part of this technical scheme that prior art is contributed by technical scheme substantially in other words can embody with the form of software product, this computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions with so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) perform all or part of step of method described in each embodiment of the present invention.And aforesaid storage medium includes: USB flash disk, portable hard drive, read only memory (ROM, Read-OnlyMemory), the various media that can store program code such as random access memory (RAM, RandomAccessMemory), magnetic disc or CD.
The above; being only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any those familiar with the art is in the technical scope that the invention discloses; change can be readily occurred in or replace, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with described scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. the method based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity, it is characterised in that described method includes:
The assistance data that target water area wave band c is corresponding with described observation bright temperature data with the bright temperature data of observation of x wave band is obtained respectively by satellite-borne microwave radiometer；
The assistance data observing bright temperature data and correspondence according to c/x wave band, the difference of calculating observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
The difference of described observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out digital picture optimization process, obtains the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized；
Utilize default look-up table that difference and the described assistance data of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance of described optimization are carried out Inversion Calculation, obtain the sea surface salinity of described target water area.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described difference to described observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance carries out digital picture optimization process, and the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance obtaining optimization includes:
According to dielectric constant model and described assistance data, the difference of calculating simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
The difference of described observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out contrast statistical disposition with the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance, obtains including the two-dimensional digital image of the order of magnitude of the difference of the difference of described observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and described simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
Adjust the order of magnitude and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance of the difference observing c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in described two-dimensional digital image, obtain first time revised two-dimensional digital image；
Utilize data rotation method that first time revised two-dimensional digital image carries out second time correcting process, obtain the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the order of magnitude of difference observing c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in the described two-dimensional digital image of described adjustment includes with the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance:
The difference of described simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is expressed as the function of the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance by the method adopting least squares line fitting, obtains update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+0.0107；
According to described update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+ 0.0107, adjust the order of magnitude of the difference observing c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in described two-dimensional digital image and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described utilize data rotation method that first time revised two-dimensional digital image carries out second time correcting process, the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance obtaining optimizing includes:
The difference of the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in first time revised two-dimensional digital image and simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out pairing statistical disposition, obtains the two-dimensional digital image with data value；Wherein, the x-axis at the pictorial element place of described two-dimensional digital image represents model reflectance, and y-axis represents observation reflectance；
Center of mass point according to the two dimensional image that all pictorial elements in described two-dimensional digital image are constituted, it is determined that the rotation axis of described two-dimensional digital image；
APPROXIMATE DISTRIBUTION straight line according to pictorial elements all in described two-dimensional digital image, it is determined that the anglec of rotation of described two-dimensional digital image；
According to described rotation axis and the described anglec of rotation, first time revised two-dimensional digital image is rotated process, obtain the revised two-dimensional digital image of second time；
The difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is extracted, as the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized from the revised two-dimensional digital image of described second time.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the described assistance data observing bright temperature data and correspondence according to c/x wave band, the difference of calculating observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance includes:
The vertical polarization reflectance of wave band c and x wave band is calculated respectively by below equation
Calculate the difference of the vertical polarization reflectance of wave band c and the vertical polarization reflectance of x wave band, obtain the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
6. the device based on satellite-borne microwave radiometer inverting sea surface salinity, it is characterised in that described device includes:
Acquisition module, the assistance data corresponding with described observation bright temperature data with the bright temperature data of observation of x wave band for being obtained target water area wave band c respectively by satellite-borne microwave radiometer；
Computing module, for the assistance data observing bright temperature data and correspondence according to c/x wave band, the difference of calculating observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
Digital picture optimization process module, for the difference of described observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out digital picture optimization process, obtains the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized；
Inversion Calculation module, for utilizing default look-up table that difference and the described assistance data of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance of described optimization are carried out Inversion Calculation, obtains the sea surface salinity of described target water area.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described digital picture optimization process module includes:
First computing unit, for according to dielectric constant model and described assistance data, the difference of calculating simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
Contrast statistical disposition unit, for the difference of described observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out contrast statistical disposition with the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance, obtain including the two-dimensional digital image of the order of magnitude of the difference of the difference of described observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance and described simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance；
First time correcting process unit, for adjusting the order of magnitude and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance of the difference observing c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in described two-dimensional digital image, obtains first time revised two-dimensional digital image；
Second time correcting process unit, is used for utilizing data rotation method that first time revised two-dimensional digital image carries out second time correcting process, obtains the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described first time correcting process unit includes:
Update equation obtains subelement, is used for the function that the difference of described simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is expressed as the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance by the method adopting least squares line fitting, obtains update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+0.0107；
Adjust subelement, for according to described update equation Rmodel=0.0017Robs+ 0.0107, adjust the order of magnitude of the difference observing c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in described two-dimensional digital image and the order-of-magnitude agreement of the difference of simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
9. device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described second time correcting process unit includes:
Pairing statistical disposition subelement, for the difference of the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance in first time revised two-dimensional digital image and simulation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance is carried out pairing statistical disposition, obtain the two-dimensional digital image with data value；Wherein, the x-axis at the pictorial element place of described two-dimensional digital image represents model reflectance, and y-axis represents observation reflectance；
Subelement determined by rotation axis, the center of mass point of the two dimensional image for constituting according to all pictorial elements in described two-dimensional digital image, it is determined that the rotation axis of described two-dimensional digital image；
The anglec of rotation determines subelement, the APPROXIMATE DISTRIBUTION straight line according to pictorial elements all in described two-dimensional digital image, it is determined that the anglec of rotation of described two-dimensional digital image；
Rotation processing subelement, for according to described rotation axis and the described anglec of rotation, first time revised two-dimensional digital image being rotated process, obtains the revised two-dimensional digital image of second time；
Extract subelement, for extracting the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance from the revised two-dimensional digital image of described second time, as the difference of the observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance optimized.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described computing module includes:
Second computing unit, for calculating the vertical polarization reflectance of wave band c and x wave band respectively by below equation
3rd computing unit, is used for the difference of the vertical polarization reflectance calculating wave band c and the vertical polarization reflectance of x wave band, obtains the difference of observation c/x wave band vertical polarization reflectance.
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