CN105737747A - Reciprocating-type film thickness measuring instrument - Google Patents
Reciprocating-type film thickness measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN105737747A CN105737747A CN201610299494.7A CN201610299494A CN105737747A CN 105737747 A CN105737747 A CN 105737747A CN 201610299494 A CN201610299494 A CN 201610299494A CN 105737747 A CN105737747 A CN 105737747A
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 35
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种往复式膜厚测量仪，所述往复式膜厚测量仪包括：油杯；透明的固体，设置在所述油杯中；运动系统，连接所述透明的固体并驱动所述透明的固体在所述油杯中往复直线移动；球状体，设置在所述油杯中，所述球状体的顶端抵紧在所述透明的固体的下端面上；所述球状体与所述透明的固体形成摩擦副；显微镜，设置在所述透明的固体的上方；加载系统，从下至上对所述球状体施加负载。本发明专门用于测量直线往复运动条件下摩擦副间的液体膜厚，并且可以调整摩擦副压力、速度以及润滑剂的温度，模拟多种工作条件，本发明具有测量精度高和稳定性好等特点。可以方便地调整摩擦副的工作条件，测量各种工况下润滑剂的成膜情况。
The invention provides a reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument, which comprises: an oil cup; a transparent solid set in the oil cup; a motion system connected with the transparent solid and driving the The transparent solid moves back and forth linearly in the oil cup; the spherical body is arranged in the oil cup, and the top of the spherical body is pressed against the lower end surface of the transparent solid; the spherical body and the The transparent solid forms a friction pair; the microscope is set above the transparent solid; the loading system applies load to the spheroid from bottom to top. The invention is specially used to measure the thickness of the liquid film between the friction pairs under the condition of linear reciprocating motion, and can adjust the pressure, speed and temperature of the lubricant of the friction pair, and simulate various working conditions. The invention has high measurement accuracy and good stability, etc. features. The working conditions of the friction pair can be adjusted conveniently, and the film formation of the lubricant under various working conditions can be measured.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种往复式膜厚测量仪，主要适用于测量往复运动条件下摩擦副接触区的液体润滑剂膜厚。The invention relates to a reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument, which is mainly suitable for measuring the film thickness of liquid lubricant in the contact area of friction pairs under the condition of reciprocating motion.
背景技术Background technique
直线往复运动是实际工业生产中机构最常见的运动形式之一。例如发动机中气缸和活塞、滑动导轨与滑块等都是典型的直线往复运动机构。这些运动机构往往都是一部分固定，另一部分做往复直线运动，在运动过程中，两者不可避免的会发生接触和摩擦，造成接触面的磨损。一旦发生磨损，运动副的精度会降低，进而降低系统的性能和寿命。因此，研制直线往复运动摩擦副膜厚测量仪，对研究润滑剂的成膜能力和润滑膜的行为以及失效规律，提高直线往复式运动机构性能、优化润滑材料的润滑效果和使用寿命具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。Linear reciprocating motion is one of the most common motion forms of mechanisms in actual industrial production. For example, cylinders and pistons, sliding guide rails and sliders in engines are all typical linear reciprocating motion mechanisms. These kinematic mechanisms are often partly fixed, and the other part performs reciprocating linear motion. During the motion, contact and friction will inevitably occur between the two, resulting in wear on the contact surface. Once worn, the precision of kinematic joints will be reduced, which in turn will reduce the performance and life of the system. Therefore, the development of a linear reciprocating motion friction pair film thickness measuring instrument is of great importance for studying the film-forming ability of lubricants, the behavior and failure rules of lubricant films, improving the performance of linear reciprocating motion mechanisms, and optimizing the lubricating effect and service life of lubricating materials. Theoretical value and practical significance.
目前，还没有专门用于测量直线往复运动条件下摩擦副间的液体膜厚的测量装置。At present, there is no measuring device specially used to measure the thickness of the liquid film between the friction pairs under the condition of linear reciprocating motion.
综上所述，现有技术中存在以下问题：还没有专门用于测量直线往复运动条件下摩擦副间的液体膜厚的测量装置，无法准确测量直线往复运动条件下摩擦副间的液体膜厚。In summary, there are the following problems in the prior art: there is no measuring device specially used for measuring the thickness of the liquid film between the friction pairs under the condition of linear reciprocating motion, and it is impossible to accurately measure the thickness of the liquid film between the friction pairs under the condition of linear reciprocating motion .
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种往复式膜厚测量仪，以解决无法准确测量直线往复运动条件下摩擦副间的液体膜厚。The invention provides a reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument to solve the problem that the liquid film thickness between friction pairs cannot be accurately measured under the condition of linear reciprocating motion.
为此，本发明提出一种往复式膜厚测量仪，所述往复式膜厚测量仪包括：For this reason, the present invention proposes a kind of reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument, and described reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument comprises:
油杯；Oil Cup;
透明的固体，设置在所述油杯中；transparent solid, set in the oil cup;
运动系统，连接所述透明的固体并驱动所述透明的固体在所述油杯中往复直线移动；A motion system, connecting the transparent solid and driving the transparent solid to reciprocate and linearly move in the oil cup;
球状体，设置在所述油杯中，所述球状体的顶端抵紧在所述透明的固体的下端面上；所述球状体与所述透明的固体形成摩擦副；A spherical body is arranged in the oil cup, and the top of the spherical body is pressed against the lower end surface of the transparent solid; the spherical body and the transparent solid form a friction pair;
显微镜，设置在所述透明的固体的上方；a microscope disposed above the transparent solid;
加载系统，从下至上对所述球状体施加负载。A loading system applies a load to the spheroid from the bottom up.
进一步地，所述往复式膜厚测量仪还包括：支撑系统，所述油杯、所述运动系统、所述显微镜、以及所述加载系统均由所述支撑系统支撑。Further, the reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument further includes: a support system, and the oil cup, the motion system, the microscope, and the loading system are all supported by the support system.
进一步地，所述运动系统包括：Further, the exercise system includes:
电机；motor;
偏心轮结构，连接所述电机；an eccentric wheel structure, connected to the motor;
导轨支撑台；Rail support platform;
滑动块，能直线滑动的设置在所述导轨支撑台上并连接所述偏心轮结构；a sliding block, which can be linearly slidably arranged on the guide rail support platform and connected to the eccentric wheel structure;
限位凹槽，设置在所述滑动块上，所述限位凹槽具有线形的侧壁；A limiting groove, arranged on the sliding block, the limiting groove has a linear side wall;
其中，所述透明的固体连接在所述滑动块上；所述电机驱动所述偏心轮结构带动滑动块沿着限位凹槽的侧壁在所述导轨支撑台上做往复直线移动。Wherein, the transparent solid is connected to the sliding block; the motor drives the eccentric wheel structure to drive the sliding block to reciprocate linearly on the guide rail support platform along the side wall of the limiting groove.
进一步地，所述偏心轮结构包括：Further, the eccentric wheel structure includes:
转动体，连接所述电机的转轴；a rotating body, connected to the rotating shaft of the motor;
行程轴承，设置在所述转动体上；a stroke bearing arranged on the rotating body;
行程转轴，套设于所述行程轴承内，所述行程轴承或行程转轴的中心与所述转动体的中心错位设置，并且所述行程轴承位于所述限位凹槽中；The travel shaft is sleeved in the travel bearing, the center of the travel bearing or the travel shaft is misaligned with the center of the rotating body, and the travel bearing is located in the limiting groove;
所述行程轴承相对所述转动体做偏心运动，在偏心运动中，所述行程轴承作用于限位凹槽的侧壁，从而推动所述滑动块在所述导轨支撑台上做往复直线移动。The travel bearing moves eccentrically relative to the rotating body. During the eccentric motion, the travel bearing acts on the sidewall of the limiting groove, thereby pushing the sliding block to move linearly back and forth on the guide rail support platform.
进一步地，所述加载系统包括：Further, the loading system includes:
杠杆架；lever rack;
杠杆，通过杠杆轴铰接在所述杠杆架上，杠杆的第一端连接所述油杯，杠杆的第二端连接有挂钩，杠杆的第一端和杠杆的第二端分别位于所述杠杆轴的两侧。The lever is hinged on the lever frame through the lever shaft, the first end of the lever is connected to the oil cup, the second end of the lever is connected with a hook, and the first end of the lever and the second end of the lever are respectively located on the lever shaft on both sides.
进一步地，所述支撑系统包括：支脚和设置在所述支脚上的底板，所述导轨支撑台、所述杠杆架、和所述显微镜设置在所述底板上方，所述电机设置在所述底板的下方，所述偏心轮结构设置在所述底板上方。Further, the support system includes: feet and a bottom plate arranged on the feet, the guide rail support platform, the lever frame, and the microscope are arranged above the bottom plate, and the motor is arranged on the bottom plate Below, the eccentric wheel structure is arranged above the bottom plate.
进一步地，所述往复式膜厚测量仪还包括：Further, the reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument also includes:
杠杆支座，支撑在所述杠杆架的下方；a lever support, supported under the lever frame;
调整杠杆架升降的旋钮，与杠杆架以螺纹配合连接，并且所述旋钮与杠杆支座通过旋钮轴承连接。The knob for adjusting the lifting of the lever frame is threadedly connected with the lever frame, and the knob is connected with the lever support through a knob bearing.
进一步地，所述往复式膜厚测量仪还包括：设置在所述油杯中的加热棒。Further, the reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument further includes: a heating rod arranged in the oil cup.
进一步地，所述球状体设置在球座中，所述球座具有夹持或固定所述球状体的夹持槽，并且所述球座与所述油杯相连接。Further, the spherical body is arranged in a ball seat, the ball seat has a clamping groove for clamping or fixing the spherical body, and the ball seat is connected with the oil cup.
进一步地，所述透明的固体为蓝宝石片，所述球状体为钢球。Further, the transparent solid is a sapphire sheet, and the spherical body is a steel ball.
本发明的目的就是要提供一种可以测量往复直线运动摩擦副间液体润滑膜厚度的测量仪器。通过运动系统驱动所述透明的固体在所述油杯中往复直线移动，通过显微镜观察透明的固体与球状体之间的液体膜厚变化图像，可知润滑膜厚度。The object of the present invention is to provide a measuring instrument capable of measuring the thickness of the liquid lubricating film between friction pairs in reciprocating linear motion. The transparent solid is driven to reciprocate and linearly move in the oil cup through the motion system, and the thickness of the lubricating film can be known by observing the change image of the liquid film thickness between the transparent solid and the spherical body through a microscope.
本发明结构简单，加工制造方便，整个往复式膜厚测量仪结构紧凑，体积小，能耗低。驱动由电机实现，线性运动由一个偏心机构实现。线性运动的运动长度可以调整，达到控制摩擦副间运动速度和运动距离的目的。通过调整挂钩上载荷重量方便调整摩擦副间的接触压力，加热棒可以调整润滑剂的温度，测量各种工况条件下润滑膜的厚度。The invention has simple structure, convenient processing and manufacturing, and the whole reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument has compact structure, small volume and low energy consumption. The drive is realized by an electric motor, and the linear movement is realized by an eccentric mechanism. The motion length of the linear motion can be adjusted to achieve the purpose of controlling the motion speed and motion distance between the friction pairs. By adjusting the load weight on the hook, it is convenient to adjust the contact pressure between the friction pairs. The heating rod can adjust the temperature of the lubricant and measure the thickness of the lubricating film under various working conditions.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的往复式膜厚测量仪的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument of the present invention;
图2为本发明的偏心轮结构的示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of eccentric wheel structure of the present invention;
图3为本发明的摩擦副的安装结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the friction pair of the present invention;
图4为本发明的球状体的安装结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the installation structure of the spheroid of the present invention;
图5为本发明的杠杆支座的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is the structural representation of lever bearing of the present invention;
图6为本发明的摩擦副的分解结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the friction pair of the present invention.
附图标号说明：Explanation of reference numbers:
1、支脚2、底板3、导轨支撑台4、导轨滑块5、滑动块6、联轴器7、固定杆8、油杯9、蓝宝石支座10、显微镜11、蓝宝石片12、加热棒13、杠杆架14、杠杆15、挂钩16、旋钮17、杠杆支座18、电机19、转动体20、垫块21、行程调节块22、行程转轴23、行程轴承24、球盖25、杠杆轴承26、杠杆轴27、球座28、钢球29、旋钮轴承1. Foot 2, bottom plate 3, guide rail support platform 4, guide rail slider 5, slider 6, coupling 7, fixed rod 8, oil cup 9, sapphire support 10, microscope 11, sapphire sheet 12, heating rod 13 , lever frame 14, lever 15, hook 16, knob 17, lever support 18, motor 19, rotating body 20, pad 21, stroke adjustment block 22, stroke rotating shaft 23, stroke bearing 24, ball cover 25, lever bearing 26 , lever shaft 27, ball seat 28, steel ball 29, knob bearing
具体实施方式detailed description
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图说明本发明。In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，本发明提出一种往复式膜厚测量仪，所述往复式膜厚测量仪包括：As shown in Fig. 1, the present invention proposes a kind of reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument, and described reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument comprises:
油杯8，里面容纳液体，例如容纳油，为往复式膜厚测量仪观察摩擦副提供油膜所需的液体；The oil cup 8 contains liquid, such as oil, to provide the liquid needed for the oil film for the reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument to observe the friction pair;
透明的固体(例如为玻璃、或蓝宝石片11)，设置在所述油杯8中；A transparent solid (such as glass or sapphire sheet 11) is arranged in the oil cup 8;
运动系统，连接所述透明的固体并驱动所述透明的固体在所述油杯8中往复直线移动；A motion system, connecting the transparent solid and driving the transparent solid to move linearly back and forth in the oil cup 8;
球状体(例如为钢球28)，设置在所述油杯中，所述球状体的顶端抵紧在所述透明的固体的下端面上；所述球状体与所述透明的固体形成摩擦副；A spherical body (such as a steel ball 28) is arranged in the oil cup, and the top of the spherical body is pressed against the lower end surface of the transparent solid; the spherical body and the transparent solid form a friction pair ;
显微镜10，设置在所述透明的固体的上方，这样，不影响球状体与所述透明的固体之间的摩擦，还可以观察到二者之间的膜厚变化情况；The microscope 10 is arranged above the transparent solid, so that the friction between the spherical body and the transparent solid is not affected, and the film thickness variation between the two can also be observed;
加载系统，从下至上对所述球状体施加负载，可以调整摩擦副间的接触压力。The loading system applies load to the spherical body from bottom to top, and can adjust the contact pressure between the friction pairs.
本发明通过运动系统驱动所述透明的固体在所述油杯中往复直线移动，通过显微镜观察透明的固体与球状体之间的液体膜厚变化图像，可知润滑膜厚度。The present invention drives the transparent solid to reciprocate and linearly move in the oil cup through a motion system, and observes the liquid film thickness change image between the transparent solid and the spherical body through a microscope to know the thickness of the lubricating film.
进一步地，如图1所示，所述运动系统包括：Further, as shown in Figure 1, the motion system includes:
电机18；motor 18;
偏心轮结构，连接所述电机18；Eccentric wheel structure, connected to the motor 18;
导轨支撑台3，为滑动块的滑动提供轨道和支持；Guide rail support table 3 provides tracks and supports for the sliding of the sliding block;
滑动块5，能直线滑动的设置在所述导轨支撑台3上并连接所述偏心轮结构；滑动块5通过螺栓固定在导轨滑块4中的滑块上，导轨滑块4中的导轨通过螺栓固定在导轨支撑台3上；导轨滑块4中的滑块能够相对导轨滑块4中的导轨滑动，从而实现滑动块5相对导轨支撑台3滑动；The sliding block 5 is arranged on the guide rail support platform 3 and connected to the eccentric wheel structure in a straight line; the sliding block 5 is fixed on the sliding block in the guide rail sliding block 4 by bolts, and the guide rail in the guide rail sliding block 4 passes through Bolts are fixed on the guide rail support platform 3; the slider in the guide rail slider 4 can slide relative to the guide rail in the guide rail slider 4, thereby realizing that the slide block 5 slides relative to the guide rail support platform 3;
限位凹槽，设置在所述滑动块5上，滑动块5可以为L型，或者为阶梯型，限位凹槽设置在滑动块5右端或靠近右端的底部，滑动块5的左端能够在导轨支撑台3上往复直线移动；蓝宝石片11通过螺栓连接，可拆卸的设置在蓝宝石支座9中；蓝宝石支座9通过螺栓连接在滑动块5右端的顶部；所述限位凹槽具有线形的侧壁，例如，限位凹槽为矩形凹槽；The limiting groove is arranged on the sliding block 5, the sliding block 5 can be L-shaped, or stepped, the limiting groove is arranged on the right end of the sliding block 5 or the bottom near the right end, and the left end of the sliding block 5 can be Reciprocating linear movement on the guide rail support table 3; the sapphire sheet 11 is connected by bolts, and is detachably arranged in the sapphire support 9; the sapphire support 9 is connected to the top of the right end of the sliding block 5 by bolts; the limit groove has a linear shape For example, the limit groove is a rectangular groove;
其中，所述透明的固体(例如，蓝宝石片11)连接在所述滑动块5上；所述电机18驱动所述偏心轮结构带动滑动块5沿着限位凹槽的侧壁在所述导轨支撑台3上做往复直线移动，因而，透明的固体(例如，蓝宝石片11)能够在油杯8中往复直线移动，与设置在油杯8中的球状体(例如为钢球28)发生摩擦，形成摩擦副。Wherein, the transparent solid (for example, sapphire sheet 11) is connected on the sliding block 5; the motor 18 drives the eccentric wheel structure to drive the sliding block 5 along the side wall of the limit groove on the guide rail Do reciprocating linear movement on the support table 3, thereby, transparent solid (for example, sapphire plate 11) can reciprocate linear movement in oil cup 8, and be arranged on the spherical body (for example be steel ball 28) in oil cup 8 and rub against , forming a friction pair.
运动系统采用上述结构，将电机的转动转化为透明的固体(例如，蓝宝石片11)的往复直线移动，驱动稳定，整个往复式膜厚测量仪结构紧凑，体积小，能耗低。The motion system adopts the above structure, which converts the rotation of the motor into the reciprocating linear movement of the transparent solid (for example, sapphire sheet 11), and the drive is stable. The entire reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument is compact in structure, small in size and low in energy consumption.
进一步地，如图2所示，所述偏心轮结构包括：Further, as shown in Figure 2, the eccentric wheel structure includes:
转动体19，例如为轴状或盘状或阶梯轴状，连接所述电机18的转轴，可以为同轴连接；The rotating body 19 is, for example, in the shape of a shaft or a disc or a stepped shaft, and is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 18, which may be coaxially connected;
行程轴承23，设置在所述转动体19上，也可以称为套设在转动体19上的轴承；The stroke bearing 23 is arranged on the rotating body 19, and can also be referred to as a bearing sleeved on the rotating body 19;
行程转轴22(也称为偏心结构的转轴)，套设于所述行程轴承23内，所述行程轴承23或行程转轴22的中心与所述转动体19的中心错位设置，从而形成偏心，并且所述行程轴承23位于所述限位凹槽中；The stroke rotating shaft 22 (also referred to as the rotating shaft of eccentric structure) is sleeved in the stroke bearing 23, and the center of the stroke bearing 23 or the stroke rotating shaft 22 is misaligned with the center of the rotating body 19, thereby forming an eccentricity, and The travel bearing 23 is located in the limiting groove;
所述行程轴承23相对所述转动体19做偏心运动，在偏心运动中，所述行程轴承23作用于限位凹槽的侧壁，由于滑动块5受导轨滑块4中的导轨和滑块的作用，滑动块5只能在所述导轨支撑台3上做往复直线移动，而不会发生转动，所以所述滑动块5在所述导轨支撑台3上做往复直线移动。当电机18转动时，位于滑动块5凹槽内的行程轴承23会推动滑动块5向两侧运动，形成往复直线运动。电机18每旋转一周，滑动块5便往复运动一个来回。The stroke bearing 23 performs an eccentric movement relative to the rotating body 19. In the eccentric movement, the stroke bearing 23 acts on the sidewall of the limit groove. Therefore, the sliding block 5 can only move back and forth in a straight line on the guide rail supporting platform 3 without rotation, so the sliding block 5 can move in a linear reciprocating manner on the guide rail supporting platform 3 . When the motor 18 rotates, the stroke bearing 23 located in the groove of the sliding block 5 will push the sliding block 5 to move to both sides, forming a reciprocating linear motion. Every time the motor 18 rotates one circle, the slide block 5 just reciprocates one back and forth.
采用行程轴承23和行程转轴22，能够减小滑动块5运动的阻力或摩擦，使得滑动块5运动快捷灵敏，也增加了往复式膜厚测量仪的使用寿命。另外，上述偏心轮结构制作分别，空间紧凑。Using the travel bearing 23 and the travel shaft 22 can reduce the resistance or friction of the movement of the sliding block 5, making the movement of the sliding block 5 fast and sensitive, and also increasing the service life of the reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument. In addition, the structures of the above-mentioned eccentric wheels are manufactured separately, and the space is compact.
另外，偏心轮结构还可以包括：垫块20和行程调节块21。转动体19例如为阶梯轴状，转动体19的顶部设有开槽，开槽的底壁上设有行程调节块21，行程轴承23和行程转轴22安装在行程调节块21上，开槽的侧壁设有顶紧在行程调节块21侧面上的调整螺栓，可以调整行程调节块21的位置，即调整行程调节块21的偏心位置或偏心程度，达到控制直线运动距离的目的。此外，还可以在开槽中设置垫块20，用于调整行程轴承23和行程转轴22的高度。行程调节块21可以在垫块20上滑动，通过调整行程调节块21的位置可以控制滑动块5移动距离，以及蓝宝石块11的移动距离。In addition, the eccentric wheel structure may further include: a cushion block 20 and a stroke adjustment block 21 . The rotating body 19 is, for example, a stepped shaft shape. The top of the rotating body 19 is provided with a groove, and the bottom wall of the groove is provided with a stroke regulating block 21. The stroke bearing 23 and the stroke rotating shaft 22 are installed on the stroke regulating block 21. The grooved The side wall is provided with an adjusting bolt tight on the side of the stroke adjustment block 21, which can adjust the position of the stroke adjustment block 21, that is, adjust the eccentric position or degree of eccentricity of the stroke adjustment block 21, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the linear motion distance. In addition, pads 20 may also be provided in the slots for adjusting the heights of the travel bearing 23 and the travel shaft 22 . The stroke adjustment block 21 can slide on the cushion block 20 , and the moving distance of the sliding block 5 and the moving distance of the sapphire block 11 can be controlled by adjusting the position of the stroke adjusting block 21 .
进一步地，如图1和图3所示，所述加载系统包括：Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, the loading system includes:
杠杆架13，为杠杆提供支撑；Lever frame 13 provides support for the lever;
杠杆14，通过杠杆轴25铰接在所述杠杆架13上，杠杆13的第一端连接所述油杯8，杠杆的第二端连接有挂钩15，杠杆的第一端和杠杆的第二端分别位于所述杠杆轴25的两侧。油杯8通过两根固定杆7与杠杆14连接，形成不可移动的整体。杠杆14通过杠杆轴承25和杠杆轴26与杠杆架13连接，由于杠杆轴承25的存在，杠杆14可以绕杠杆轴26转动。当杠杆14后部的挂钩15上有载荷时，如图6所示，钢球28就会与蓝宝石片11以一定压力接触。两者之间的润滑油膜所承受的压力也随之改变，因而，通过加载系统，可以调整钢球28会与蓝宝石片11之间的压力。加载系统的上述结构，加载容易，调整方便，不影响检测。The lever 14 is hinged on the lever frame 13 by the lever shaft 25, the first end of the lever 13 is connected with the oil cup 8, the second end of the lever is connected with a hook 15, the first end of the lever and the second end of the lever They are located on both sides of the lever shaft 25 respectively. The oil cup 8 is connected with the lever 14 through two fixed rods 7 to form an immovable whole. Lever 14 is connected with lever frame 13 by lever bearing 25 and lever shaft 26, because the existence of lever bearing 25, lever 14 can rotate around lever shaft 26. When there is a load on the hook 15 at the rear portion of the lever 14, as shown in FIG. 6, the steel ball 28 will contact the sapphire sheet 11 with a certain pressure. The pressure on the lubricating oil film between the two also changes accordingly. Therefore, the pressure between the steel ball 28 and the sapphire sheet 11 can be adjusted through the loading system. The above structure of the loading system is easy to load and easy to adjust without affecting the detection.
进一步地，所述往复式膜厚测量仪还包括：支撑系统，所述油杯8、所述运动系统、所述显微镜10、以及所述加载系统均由所述支撑系统支撑。这样，能够提供稳定的检测条件，也便于各部件的空间分布。Further, the reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument further includes: a support system, and the oil cup 8, the motion system, the microscope 10, and the loading system are all supported by the support system. In this way, stable detection conditions can be provided, and the spatial distribution of various components can also be facilitated.
进一步地，如图1所示，所述支撑系统包括：支脚1和设置在所述支脚上的底板2，所述导轨支撑台3、所述杠杆架13、和所述显微镜10设置在所述底板2的上方，所述电机18设置在所述底板2的下方，所述偏心轮结构设置在所述底板2的上方。通过支脚1和底板2的分隔，各部件空间位置分配合理，结构紧凑并互不干涉。Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , the support system includes: a foot 1 and a bottom plate 2 arranged on the foot, the rail support table 3, the lever frame 13, and the microscope 10 are arranged on the Above the base plate 2 , the motor 18 is disposed below the base plate 2 , and the eccentric wheel structure is disposed above the base plate 2 . Through the separation of the support feet 1 and the bottom plate 2, the spatial positions of the various components are reasonably allocated, and the structure is compact and does not interfere with each other.
进一步地，如图5所示，所述往复式膜厚测量仪还包括：Further, as shown in Figure 5, the reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument also includes:
杠杆支座17，支撑在所述杠杆架13的下方；The lever support 17 is supported under the lever frame 13;
调整杠杆架升降的旋钮16，与杠杆架13以螺纹配合连接，并且所述旋钮16与杠杆支座17通过旋钮轴承29连接。杠杆架13可以为柱状，旋钮16、旋钮轴承29和杠杆支座17均为套筒状，杠杆架13底部有矩形凹槽，杠杆支座17内部有矩形凸起，两者配合可以防止杠杆架13旋转，但杠杆架13可以相对于杠杆支座17上下移动。旋钮16与杠杆支座17通过旋钮轴承29连接，由于杠杆支座17固定，因此旋钮16可以旋转。杠杆架13与旋钮16以螺纹配合，当旋钮16旋转时，杠杆架13因无法转动，会上下移动，因此可以调整杠杆14、油杯8及钢球28在垂直方向的位置。The knob 16 for adjusting the lifting of the lever frame is threadedly connected with the lever frame 13 , and the knob 16 is connected with the lever support 17 through a knob bearing 29 . The lever frame 13 can be columnar, and the knob 16, the knob bearing 29 and the lever support 17 are all sleeve-shaped. The bottom of the lever frame 13 has a rectangular groove, and the inside of the lever support 17 has a rectangular protrusion. 13 rotates, but lever frame 13 can move up and down relative to lever support 17. The knob 16 is connected with the lever support 17 through a knob bearing 29, and since the lever support 17 is fixed, the knob 16 can rotate. Lever frame 13 and knob 16 are threadedly engaged, and when knob 16 rotates, lever frame 13 can move up and down because of being unable to rotate, therefore can adjust the position of lever 14, oil cup 8 and steel ball 28 in vertical direction.
进一步地，如图1所示，所述往复式膜厚测量仪还包括：设置在所述油杯8中的加热棒12。加热棒12可以调整油杯8及其内部润滑油的温度。Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , the reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument further includes: a heating rod 12 arranged in the oil cup 8 . The heating rod 12 can adjust the temperature of the oil cup 8 and its internal lubricating oil.
进一步地，如图4所示，所述球状体设置在球座27中，所述球座27具有夹持或固定所述球状体的夹持槽，并且所述球座27与所述油杯8相连接。为了更好的固定球状体，在球状体的顶部设置一个球盖24，球盖24和球座27通过螺纹连接，将钢球28固定住。三者一起置于油杯8上端的孔中。通过设置球盖24和球座27，可以保持球状体设置在油杯8中的稳定性，可以方便的更换球状体。Further, as shown in Figure 4, the ball seat 27 is arranged in the ball seat 27, the ball seat 27 has a clamping groove for clamping or fixing the ball seat, and the ball seat 27 and the oil cup 8 phase connections. In order to better fix the spheroid, a ball cover 24 is arranged on the top of the spheroid, and the ball cover 24 and the ball seat 27 are connected by threads to fix the steel ball 28. The three are placed in the hole at the upper end of the oil cup 8 together. By arranging the ball cover 24 and the ball seat 27, the stability of the spherical body arranged in the oil cup 8 can be maintained, and the spherical body can be replaced conveniently.
进一步地，所述透明的固体为蓝宝石片11，以具有较合适的硬度和抗磨强度，所述球状体为钢球28，便于制作安装。Further, the transparent solid is a sapphire sheet 11 to have a more suitable hardness and abrasion resistance, and the spherical body is a steel ball 28, which is convenient for manufacture and installation.
下面在介绍一下本发明的安装过程和工作原理：Introducing the installation process and working principle of the present invention below:
如图1所示，电机18通过螺栓固定在底板2上，支脚1焊接在底板2上。电机18与联轴器6之间通过键连接，联轴器6和转动体19之间也通过键连接。导轨支撑台3通过螺栓固定在底板2上，导轨滑块4中的导轨通过螺栓固定在导轨支撑台3上。滑动块5通过螺栓与导轨滑块4中的滑块连接。因此滑动块5可以在导轨上滑动。As shown in FIG. 1 , the motor 18 is fixed on the bottom plate 2 by bolts, and the supporting foot 1 is welded on the bottom plate 2 . The motor 18 is connected to the shaft coupling 6 by a key, and the shaft coupling 6 and the rotating body 19 are also connected by a key. The guide rail support platform 3 is fixed on the base plate 2 by bolts, and the guide rail in the guide rail slider 4 is fixed on the guide rail support platform 3 by bolts. The slide block 5 is connected with the slide block in the guide rail slide block 4 by bolts. Therefore, the sliding block 5 can slide on the guide rail.
当电机18转动时，通过联轴器6和转动体19一起随电机18转动。垫块20通过过盈配合置于转动体19的凹槽中，不能移动。行程调节块21置于垫块20上，可以在垫块20上滑动，在转动体19上的螺纹孔中拧上螺栓能固定行程调节块21的位置。行程转轴22下端有螺纹，拧在行程调节块21上。行程轴承23与行程转轴22配合，可以旋转。此时垫块20、行程调节块21、行程转轴22和行程轴承23四者形成的整体会一起随着转动。滑动块5下端面有限位的凹槽，行程轴承23置于限位的凹槽内。当行程轴承23的中心不在电机18的旋转中心时，形成偏心轮结构。When the motor 18 rotates, it rotates together with the motor 18 through the coupling 6 and the rotating body 19 . The cushion block 20 is placed in the groove of the rotating body 19 through interference fit, and cannot move. The stroke adjustment block 21 is placed on the pad 20, and can slide on the pad 20, and the position of the stroke adjustment block 21 can be fixed by screwing on a bolt in the threaded hole on the rotating body 19. Stroke rotating shaft 22 lower ends are threaded, are screwed on the stroke regulating block 21. The stroke bearing 23 cooperates with the stroke rotating shaft 22 and can rotate. At this moment, the integral body formed by pad block 20, stroke adjusting block 21, stroke rotating shaft 22 and stroke bearing 23 can rotate together. There is a space-limiting groove on the lower end surface of the sliding block 5, and the travel bearing 23 is placed in the space-limiting groove. When the center of the stroke bearing 23 is not at the rotation center of the motor 18, an eccentric wheel structure is formed.
当电机18转动时，位于滑动块5凹槽内的行程轴承23会推动滑动块5向两侧运动，形成往复直线运动。电机18每旋转一周，滑动块5便往复运动一个来回。调节行程调节块21的位置就可以改变偏心程度，达到控制直线运动距离的目的。When the motor 18 rotates, the stroke bearing 23 located in the groove of the sliding block 5 will push the sliding block 5 to move to both sides, forming a reciprocating linear motion. Every time the motor 18 rotates one circle, the slide block 5 just reciprocates one back and forth. The degree of eccentricity can be changed by adjusting the position of the stroke adjustment block 21 to achieve the purpose of controlling the linear motion distance.
球盖24和球座27将钢球28固定住，三者一起放置在油杯8中。油杯8表面有凹槽，用于盛放润滑油，蓝宝石片11的下端面位于凹槽内部。当油杯8中有润滑油时，油面高于蓝宝石片11下端面，钢球28和蓝宝石片11之间就会形成润滑膜。The ball cover 24 and the ball seat 27 fix the steel ball 28, and the three are placed in the oil cup 8 together. There is a groove on the surface of the oil cup 8 for holding lubricating oil, and the lower end surface of the sapphire sheet 11 is located inside the groove. When there is lubricating oil in the oil cup 8, the oil level is higher than the lower end surface of the sapphire sheet 11, and a lubricating film will be formed between the steel ball 28 and the sapphire sheet 11.
油杯8通过两根固定杆7与杠杆14连接，形成不可移动的整体。杠杆14通过杠杆轴承25和杠杆轴26与杠杆架13连接，由于杠杆轴承25的存在，杠杆14可以绕杠杆轴26转动。当杠杆14后部的挂钩15上有载荷时，钢球28就会与蓝宝石片11以一定压力接触两者之间的润滑油膜所承受的压力也随之改变。The oil cup 8 is connected with the lever 14 through two fixed rods 7 to form an immovable whole. Lever 14 is connected with lever frame 13 by lever bearing 25 and lever shaft 26, because the existence of lever bearing 25, lever 14 can rotate around lever shaft 26. When there is a load on the hook 15 at the rear portion of the lever 14, the steel ball 28 will contact the sapphire plate 11 with a certain pressure and the bearing pressure of the lubricating oil film between the two will also change thereupon.
杠杆架13底部有矩形凹槽，杠杆支座17内部有矩形凸起，两者配合形成卡接，可以防止杠杆架13旋转，但杠杆架13可以相对于杠杆支座17上下移动。旋钮16与杠杆支座17通过旋钮轴承29连接，由于杠杆支座17固定，因此旋钮16可以旋转。杠杆架13与旋钮16以螺纹配合，当旋钮16旋转时，杠杆架13因无法转动，会上下移动，因此可以调整杠杆14、油杯8及钢球28在垂直方向的位置。The bottom of the lever frame 13 has a rectangular groove, and the inside of the lever support 17 has a rectangular protrusion. The two cooperate to form a snap connection, which can prevent the lever frame 13 from rotating. The knob 16 is connected with the lever support 17 through a knob bearing 29, and since the lever support 17 is fixed, the knob 16 can rotate. Lever frame 13 and knob 16 are threadedly engaged, and when knob 16 rotates, lever frame 13 can move up and down because of being unable to rotate, therefore can adjust the position of lever 14, oil cup 8 and steel ball 28 in vertical direction.
显微镜10通过螺栓固定在底板2上，蓝宝石片11通过螺栓固定在蓝宝石支座9上。The microscope 10 is fixed on the bottom plate 2 by bolts, and the sapphire sheet 11 is fixed on the sapphire support 9 by bolts.
加热棒12可以调整油杯8及其内部润滑油的温度，通过改变电机转速可以调整摩擦副的速度，因此，摩擦副间的压力、速度、温度都可以调整，模拟不同工况。当钢球28和蓝宝石片11之间形成润滑薄膜时，显微镜10捕捉到由于膜厚变化所产生的接触区干涉图像，不同压力和速度下接触区中心的亮度不一样，通过亮度的改变可以计算膜厚的变化，因此通过分析可知润滑膜厚度。The heating rod 12 can adjust the temperature of the oil cup 8 and its internal lubricating oil, and the speed of the friction pair can be adjusted by changing the motor speed. Therefore, the pressure, speed and temperature between the friction pairs can be adjusted to simulate different working conditions. When a lubricating film is formed between the steel ball 28 and the sapphire sheet 11, the microscope 10 captures the interference image of the contact area due to the change of the film thickness. The brightness of the center of the contact area is different under different pressures and speeds, and the change of brightness can be calculated The change of film thickness, so the thickness of lubricating film can be known through analysis.
本发明的往复式膜厚测量仪可以实现对摩擦副间润滑剂膜厚的测量。本发明结构简单，加工制造方便，整个制作结构紧凑，体积小，能耗低。驱动由电机实现，线性运动由一个偏心机构实现。线性运动的运动长度可以调整，达到控制摩擦副间运动速度和运动距离的目的。通过调整挂钩上载荷重量方便调整摩擦副间的接触压力，加热棒可以调整润滑剂的温度，测量各种工况条件下润滑膜的厚度。The reciprocating film thickness measuring instrument of the invention can realize the measurement of the lubricant film thickness between friction pairs. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing and manufacturing, compact structure, small volume and low energy consumption. The drive is realized by an electric motor, and the linear movement is realized by an eccentric mechanism. The motion length of the linear motion can be adjusted to achieve the purpose of controlling the motion speed and motion distance between the friction pairs. By adjusting the load weight on the hook, it is convenient to adjust the contact pressure between the friction pairs. The heating rod can adjust the temperature of the lubricant and measure the thickness of the lubricating film under various working conditions.
本发明专门用于测量直线往复运动条件下摩擦副间的液体膜厚，并且可以调整摩擦副压力、速度以及润滑剂的温度，模拟多种工作条件，本发明具有测量精度高和稳定性好等特点。可以方便地调整摩擦副的工作条件，测量各种工况下润滑剂的成膜情况。The invention is specially used to measure the thickness of the liquid film between the friction pairs under the condition of linear reciprocating motion, and can adjust the pressure, speed and temperature of the lubricant of the friction pair, and simulate various working conditions. The invention has high measurement accuracy and good stability, etc. features. The working conditions of the friction pair can be adjusted conveniently, and the film formation of the lubricant under various working conditions can be measured.
以上所述仅为本发明示意性的具体实施方式，并非用以限定本发明的范围。为本发明的各组成部分在不冲突的条件下可以相互组合，任何本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的构思和原则的前提下所作出的等同变化与修改，均应属于本发明保护的范围。The above descriptions are only illustrative specific implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Because the various components of the present invention can be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict, any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention shall belong to the protection of the present invention. range.
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