CN105736268B - A kind of efficient tower type solar generating system and method based on dual chamber formula heat collector - Google Patents
A kind of efficient tower type solar generating system and method based on dual chamber formula heat collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN105736268B CN105736268B CN201610146712.3A CN201610146712A CN105736268B CN 105736268 B CN105736268 B CN 105736268B CN 201610146712 A CN201610146712 A CN 201610146712A CN 105736268 B CN105736268 B CN 105736268B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
The invention belongs to solar light-heat power-generation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of efficient tower type solar generating system based on dual chamber formula heat collector.The thermal efficiency of existing tower-type solar thermal power generating system is relatively low.The present invention includes collection thermal tower, its main feature is that：Further include nearly sun heliostat field, remote sun heliostat field is mounted on the steam-water separator of thermal-arrest top of tower, and the upper cavity formula heat collector on collection thermal tower and lower chamber formula heat collector；Nearly sun heliostat field, collection thermal tower and remote sun heliostat field are arranged in order in the horizontal direction；The entrance of upper cavity formula heat collector is connected to feedwater piping, and the outlet of upper cavity formula heat collector is connected to the entrance of steam-water separator；The saturated vapor outlet of steam-water separator is connected to the entrance of lower chamber formula heat collector, and the saturation water out of the steam-water separator is connected on feedwater piping, and the outlet of lower chamber formula heat collector is connected to superheat steam pipeline.The present system thermal efficiency is high, improves the accuracy that system focuses.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar light-heat power-generation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of based on the efficient of dual chamber formula heat collector
Tower-type solar thermal power generating system and method.
Background technology
Tower type solar energy thermal power generation is one of form of solar energy thermal-power-generating, is a kind of centralization system in system nature
System.The heliostat field that a large amount of large size speculums are constituted is arranged on open place, and each speculum all matches corresponding tracking
System, accurate reflection solar radiation light focus on the heat collector being arranged at the top of high tower, convert light energy into thermal energy, directly or
The water vapour of high temperature and pressure is obtained indirectly, does work, produces electricl energy finally by steam turbine.
In tower-type solar thermal power generating system, heat collector is the capital equipment in power station.At present tower power station heat collector according to
There are mainly two types of forms for geometry：External column type heat collector and cavity type heat collector.The advantages of external column type heat collector
It is the land area for making full use of absorption tower surrounding, improves the utilization rate and focusing ratio in soil；The disadvantage is that high temperature heat collector is direct
Exposure is larger with extraneous radiation loss and convection losses in air.The advantages of cavity type heat collector is former based on black matrix aperture
Reason, light will not reflect away substantially after being entered in heat collector by heat collector opening, and the endothermic tube in heat collector will not
It is directly exposed in air, radiation and convection losses are small；The disadvantage is that the tracking control system of its corresponding heliostat field is complicated, and only
Can be fan-shaped arrangement, the region at the heat collector back side can not utilize.
In using the power station of water/steam as a heat transfer medium, water supply is in heat collector after preheating --- evaporation ---
Three processes of overheat become the superheated steam of high temperature and pressure.When using external column type heat collector, heat collector heat loss itself
Greatly；And preheat three processes of --- evaporation --- overheat to complete by single pass mode, causes system to start complicated；When using chamber
When body formula heat collector, generally use drum will evaporate and superheating process separates, but three processes concentrate in a cavity, power station
The tracking control system of heliostat field is complicated, and is difficult individually to accurately control evaporation region and superheat region heat collector endothermic tube
The radiation energy on surface, while its startup time is longer.
There are also the tower-type solar thermal power generating systems of other structures, and such as Patent No. US8,181,641 U.S. is special
In profit, a kind of direct tower power station system for generating superheated steam, using cavity type heat collector, setting evaporator and mistake are disclosed
Hot device improves the hydrodynamic stability in heat collector as independent heat exchanger；But this structure station capacity is by heat collector
Openings of sizes limits, and when increasing station capacity, more heliostats can only be placed into the farther position of distance set thermal tower, then
The tracking control system difficulty of heliostat field certainly will be increased, and the heliostat cosine of distant place less efficient leads to entire heliostat field
Efficiency reduce.For another example publication date is on May 13rd, 2015, in the Chinese patent of Publication No. CN104612920A, is disclosed
A kind of tower type solar high/low temperature complementary power generation system, which includes high-temperature power generation system
System and low temp compensating system, high-temperature power generation system include high tower, solar receiver, the turbine generator on high tower top are arranged
Sunlight is reflected on solar receiver by machine, condenser and heliostat, heliostat, and solar receiver will receive too
Sunlight is changed into high temperature heat, although investment and operating cost can be greatly decreased, saves the area, and the thermal efficiency is not high, and is
The accuracy focused of uniting is not high.
In conclusion make system radiation and heat loss through convection loss small using cavity type heat collector there is presently no a kind of,
Improve system thermal efficiency；The land area of collection thermal tower surrounding, the floor space of rational deployment heliostat field is made full use of to carry simultaneously
The tower-type solar thermal power generating system and method for the accuracy that high system focuses.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned deficiency existing in the prior art, and provide a kind of based on dual chamber formula collection
The efficient tower type solar generating system and method for hot device makes system radiation and heat loss through convection damage using cavity type heat collector
Lose small, raising system thermal efficiency；The land area for making full use of collection thermal tower surrounding simultaneously, improves the efficiency of heliostat field and reduction
The tracing control difficulty of heliostat field；The floor space of rational deployment heliostat field improves the accuracy that system focuses, enhancing collection
Hot device interior suction tube surface radiation energy is uniformly distributed.
Technical solution is used by the present invention solves the above problems：The efficient tower type based on dual chamber formula heat collector is too
Positive energy heat generating system includes collection thermal tower, and design feature is：Further include nearly sun heliostat field, remote sun heliostat field,
Mounted on the steam-water separator of thermal-arrest top of tower, and on collection thermal tower and it is in the epicoele arranged up and down in the height direction
Body formula heat collector and lower chamber formula heat collector；The nearly sun heliostat field, collection thermal tower and remote sun heliostat field are in level side
It is arranged in order upwards, the entrance of the upper cavity formula heat collector is connected to feedwater piping, and the outlet of the upper cavity formula heat collector connects
It is connected to the entrance of steam-water separator, the saturated vapor outlet of the steam-water separator is connected to the entrance of lower chamber formula heat collector,
The saturation water out of the steam-water separator is connected on feedwater piping, the outlet of the lower chamber formula heat collector and overheated steam pipe
Road is connected to.
Preferably, the opening of lower chamber formula heat collector of the present invention is towards the side of the sun, the upper cavity formula collection
The opening of hot device is backwards to the side of the sun.
Preferably, lower chamber formula heat collector of the present invention and the cooperation of nearly sun heliostat field are fixed for absorbing the nearly sun
The solar radiation energy that solar eyepiece field focuses；The upper cavity formula heat collector and the cooperation of remote sun heliostat field are for absorbing the remote sun
The solar radiation energy that heliostat field focuses.
Preferably, upper cavity formula heat collector of the present invention is steam vaporizer, the lower chamber formula heat collector is to steam
Vapour superheater.
Preferably, the floor space of remote sun heliostat field of the present invention is more than the occupation of land face of nearly sun heliostat field
Product.
Preferably, the aperture position of lower chamber formula heat collector of the present invention is sealed by glass plate, the upper cavity
The aperture position of formula heat collector is sealed by glass plate.
Preferably, the thermal tower of the present invention that integrates is steel structure tower or armored concrete tower.
Preferably, nearly sun heliostat field of the present invention and remote sun heliostat field are in separately distributed, the nearly sun
Heliostat field and remote sun heliostat field are located at north and south arrangement around collection thermal tower.
Preferably, lower chamber formula heat collector of the present invention and upper cavity formula heat collector are by thermal-arrest pylon to high bit
It sets.
A kind of electricity-generating method using the efficient tower type solar generating system based on dual chamber formula heat collector,
Its feature is：The step of electricity-generating method, is as follows：Using water as heat-transfer working medium, pass through two-stage solar energy cavity type thermal-arrest
Device converts the solar into thermal energy, and upper cavity formula heat collector is steam vaporizer, and major function is that low temperature feedwater is preheated and steamed
Hair is heated as the saturated vapor with certain mass dryness fraction, needs a large amount of heat；In the horizontal direction, it is distributed in around collection thermal tower
The heliostat cosine losses of the nearly sun heliostat field of north and south arrangement are bigger than the heliostat of remote sun heliostat field, therefore will far too
Positive heliostat field and the matching of upper cavity formula heat collector, and it is larger in order to adapt to that upper cavity formula heat collector is arranged in higher position
Heliostat field, improve its focusing ratio, with this obtain a large amount of heat for low temperature feedwater preheat and evaporate；And lower chamber formula collection
Hot device is steam superheater, and major function is that saturated vapor is converted to superheated steam, and the heat needed is less, therefore nearly too
Positive heliostat field and the matching of lower chamber formula heat collector, and the floor space of nearly sun heliostat field is not necessarily to very greatly, to ensure system
Safety.
Compared with prior art, the present invention haing the following advantages and effect：1）Make full use of cavity type heat collector radiation and
Heat loss through convection loses small advantage, and evaporator section and superheat section are arranged in independent two heat collectors, enhances heat collector
Interior hydrodynamic stability, and reduce the geometric dimension of heat collector, radiation and heat loss through convection loss are further decreased, heat collector is improved
The thermal efficiency；2）It designs remote sun heliostat field and nearly sun heliostat field and distinguishes sunlight reflection to upper cavity formula heat collector
With lower chamber formula heat collector, the land area of collection thermal tower surrounding is made full use of, avoid the occurrence of distance set thermal tower leads to cosine too far
Prodigious heliostat is lost, the efficiency of heliostat field is improved and reduces the tracing control difficulty of heliostat field；3）According to upper cavity
The remote sun heliostat field of energy rational deployment and the nearly sun that formula heat collector and lower chamber formula heat collector transfer working medium in heat need are fixed
The floor space of solar eyepiece field, improves the accuracy that system focuses, and enhancing heat collector interior suction tube surface radiation energy uniformly divides
Cloth.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure of the efficient tower type solar generating system based on dual chamber formula heat collector in the embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the carbonated drink of the efficient tower type solar generating method based on dual chamber formula heat collector in the embodiment of the present invention
Flow diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by embodiment, and following embodiment is to this hair
Bright explanation and the invention is not limited in following embodiments.
Embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, the efficient tower type solar generating system packet based on dual chamber formula heat collector in the present embodiment
Collection thermal tower 1, nearly sun heliostat field 6 are included, remote sun heliostat field 5 is mounted on the steam-water separator 4 at 1 top of collection thermal tower, and
On collection thermal tower 1 and it is in the upper cavity formula heat collector 3 arranged up and down and lower chamber formula heat collector 2 in the height direction.
Nearly sun heliostat field 6 in the present embodiment, collection thermal tower 1 and remote sun heliostat field 5 are in the horizontal direction successively
Arrangement, the entrance of upper cavity formula heat collector 3 are connected to feedwater piping, and the outlet of the upper cavity formula heat collector 3 is connected to carbonated drink point
Entrance from device 4, the saturated vapor outlet of steam-water separator 4 are connected to the entrance of lower chamber formula heat collector 2, the steam-water separator
4 saturation water out is connected on feedwater piping, and the outlet of lower chamber formula heat collector 2 is connected to superheat steam pipeline.
The opening of lower chamber formula heat collector 2 in the present embodiment is towards the side of the sun, the opening of upper cavity formula heat collector 3
Backwards to the side of the sun.Lower chamber formula heat collector 2 and the cooperation of nearly sun heliostat field 6 are poly- for absorbing nearly sun heliostat field 6
Burnt solar radiation energy；Upper cavity formula heat collector 3 and the cooperation of remote sun heliostat field 5 are for absorbing remote sun heliostat field 5
The solar radiation energy of focusing.
Upper cavity formula heat collector 3 in the present embodiment is steam vaporizer, and lower chamber formula heat collector 2 is steam superheater.
The floor space of remote sun heliostat field 5 is more than the floor space of nearly sun heliostat field 6.The opening of lower chamber formula heat collector 2
Position is sealed by glass plate, and the aperture position of upper cavity formula heat collector 3 is sealed by glass plate.Integrate thermal tower 1 as steel structure tower
Or armored concrete tower.
Nearly sun heliostat field 6 and remote sun heliostat field 5 in the present embodiment are in separately distributed, the nearly sun heliostat
Field 6 and remote sun heliostat field 5 are located at 1 surrounding north and south of collection thermal tower arrangement.Lower chamber formula heat collector 2 and upper cavity formula heat collector 3
By 1 frame of collection thermal tower to higher position, signified higher position is common knowledge to those skilled in the art herein.
Fig. 2 gives the carbonated drink of the efficient tower type solar generating system based on dual chamber formula heat collector in the present embodiment
Flow chart.As shown in Fig. 2, the entrance of upper cavity formula heat collector 3 is connected to feedwater piping, the outlet of upper cavity formula heat collector 3 connects
It is connected to the entrance of steam-water separator 4, the saturated vapor outlet of steam-water separator 4 is connected to the entrance of lower chamber formula heat collector 2, vapour
The saturation water out of separator 4 is connected to feedwater piping, and the outlet of lower chamber formula heat collector 2 is connected to superheat steam pipeline.
The electricity-generating method of the efficient tower type solar generating system based on dual chamber formula heat collector is used in the present embodiment
The step of it is as follows：Using water as heat-transfer working medium, thermal energy is converted the solar by two-stage solar energy cavity type heat collector, on
Cavity type heat collector 3 is steam vaporizer, and major function is that low temperature feedwater preheating and evaporation are heated as having certain mass dryness fraction
Saturated vapor, need a large amount of heat；In the horizontal direction, it is distributed in the nearly sun settled date of 1 surrounding north and south of collection thermal tower arrangement
The heliostat cosine losses of mirror field 6 are bigger than the heliostat of remote sun heliostat field 5, therefore by remote sun heliostat field 5 and epicoele
Body formula heat collector 3 matches, and upper cavity formula heat collector 3 is arranged in higher position in order to adapt to larger heliostat field, carries
Its high focusing ratio obtains a large amount of heat with this and preheats and evaporate for low temperature feedwater；And lower chamber formula heat collector 2 is steam mistake
Hot device, major function are that saturated vapor is converted to superheated steam, and the heat needed is less, therefore nearly sun heliostat field 6
It is matched with lower chamber formula heat collector 2, and the floor space of nearly sun heliostat field 6 is not necessarily to very greatly, to ensure the safety of system.
In efficient tower type solar generating system of the present embodiment based on dual chamber formula heat collector, sunray passes through remote
The reflection of sun heliostat field 5 focuses on the endothermic tube of upper cavity formula heat collector 3, is reflected and is focused by nearly sun heliostat field 6
Onto the endothermic tube of lower chamber formula heat collector 2.The entrance of upper cavity formula heat collector 3 is connected to feedwater piping, upper cavity formula thermal-arrest
The outlet of device 3 is connected to the entrance of steam-water separator 4, and the saturated vapor outlet of steam-water separator 4 is connected to lower chamber formula thermal-arrest
The saturation water out of the entrance of device 2, steam-water separator 4 is connected to feedwater piping, and outlet and the overheat of lower chamber formula heat collector 2 are steamed
Steam pipe road is connected to, and the radiation of cavity type heat collector and heat loss through convection is made full use of to lose small advantage, by evaporator section and superheat section point
It is not arranged in independent two heat collectors, enhances hydrodynamic stability in heat collector, and reduce the geometric dimension of heat collector, into
One step reduces radiation and heat loss through convection loss, improves the thermal efficiency of heat collector；Design remote sun heliostat field 5 and nearly sun settled date
Sunlight reflection is distinguished to upper cavity formula heat collector 3 and lower chamber formula heat collector 2 in mirror field 6, makes full use of collection 1 surrounding of thermal tower
Land area, avoiding the occurrence of distance set thermal tower too far leads to the prodigious heliostat of cosine losses, improves the efficiency of heliostat field simultaneously
Reduce the tracing control difficulty of heliostat field；According to 2 transfer working medium in heat needs of upper cavity formula heat collector 3 and lower chamber formula heat collector
Energy rational deployment remote sun heliostat field 5 and nearly sun heliostat field 6 floor space, improve system focus it is accurate
Degree, enhancing heat collector interior suction tube surface radiation energy are uniformly distributed.
Furthermore, it is necessary to illustrate, the specific embodiment described in this specification, the shape of parts and components is named
Claiming etc. can be different, described in this specification above content is only to structure of the invention example explanation.It is all according to
The equivalence changes or simple change done according to the structure, feature and principle described in inventional idea of the present invention, are included in this hair
In the protection domain of bright patent.Those skilled in the art can do described specific embodiment various
The modify or supplement or adopt similar mode of various kinds substitutes, and without departing from structure of the invention or surmounts present claims
Range defined in book, is within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of efficient tower type solar generating system based on dual chamber formula heat collector, including collection thermal tower（1）, feature exists
In：It further include nearly sun heliostat field（6）, remote sun heliostat field（5）, it is mounted on collection thermal tower（1）The steam-water separator at top
（4）, and mounted on collection thermal tower（1）Above and it is in the upper cavity formula heat collector arranged up and down in the height direction（3）And lower chamber
Formula heat collector（2）；The nearly sun heliostat field（6）, collection thermal tower（1）With remote sun heliostat field（5）In the horizontal direction according to
Secondary arrangement, the upper cavity formula heat collector（3）Entrance be connected to feedwater piping, the upper cavity formula heat collector（3）Outlet connect
It is connected to steam-water separator（4）Entrance, the steam-water separator（4）Saturated vapor outlet be connected to lower chamber formula heat collector
（2）Entrance, the steam-water separator（4）Saturation water out be connected on feedwater piping, the lower chamber formula heat collector（2）'s
Outlet is connected to superheat steam pipeline；The lower chamber formula heat collector（2）With nearly sun heliostat field（6）Cooperation is close for absorbing
Sun heliostat field（6）The solar radiation energy of focusing；The upper cavity formula heat collector（3）With remote sun heliostat field（5）Match
Share sun heliostat field remote in absorption（5）The solar radiation energy of focusing；The remote sun heliostat field（5）Floor space
More than nearly sun heliostat field（6）Floor space.
2. the efficient tower type solar generating system according to claim 1 based on dual chamber formula heat collector, feature
It is：The lower chamber formula heat collector（2）Opening towards the side of the sun, the upper cavity formula heat collector（3）Opening the back of the body
To the side of the sun.
3. the efficient tower type solar generating system according to claim 1 based on dual chamber formula heat collector, feature
It is：The upper cavity formula heat collector（3）For steam vaporizer, the lower chamber formula heat collector（2）For steam superheater.
4. the efficient tower type solar generating system according to claim 1 based on dual chamber formula heat collector, feature
It is：The lower chamber formula heat collector（2）Aperture position sealed by glass plate, the upper cavity formula heat collector（3）Open
Mouth position is sealed by glass plate.
5. the efficient tower type solar generating system according to claim 1 based on dual chamber formula heat collector, feature
It is：The collection thermal tower（1）For steel structure tower or armored concrete tower.
6. the efficient tower type solar generating system according to claim 1 based on dual chamber formula heat collector, feature
It is：The nearly sun heliostat field（6）With remote sun heliostat field（5）In separately distributed, the nearly sun heliostat field（6）With
Remote sun heliostat field（5）Positioned at collection thermal tower（1）Surrounding north and south is arranged.
7. the efficient tower type solar generating system according to claim 1 based on dual chamber formula heat collector, feature
It is：The lower chamber formula heat collector（2）With upper cavity formula heat collector（3）By collection thermal tower（1）Frame is to higher position.
8. a kind of efficient tower type based on dual chamber formula heat collector using as described in claim 1~7 any claim is too
The electricity-generating method of positive energy heat generating system, it is characterised in that：The step of electricity-generating method, is as follows：Using water as heat transfer work
Matter converts the solar into thermal energy, upper cavity formula heat collector by two-stage solar energy cavity type heat collector（3）For steam raising
Device, major function are that low temperature feedwater is preheated to and evaporated the saturated vapor for being heated as having certain mass dryness fraction, need a large amount of heat
Amount；In the horizontal direction, it is distributed in collection thermal tower（1）The nearly sun heliostat field of surrounding north and south arrangement（6）Heliostat cosine damage
It loses than remote sun heliostat field（5）Heliostat it is big, therefore by remote sun heliostat field（5）With upper cavity formula heat collector（3）
Match, and by upper cavity formula heat collector（3）Higher position is arranged in order to adapt to larger heliostat field, improves its focusing ratio,
A large amount of heat is obtained with this to preheat and evaporate for low temperature feedwater；And lower chamber formula heat collector（2）For steam superheater, mainly
Function is that saturated vapor is converted to superheated steam, and the heat needed is less, therefore nearly sun heliostat field（6）And lower chamber
Formula heat collector（2）Matching, and nearly sun heliostat field（6）Floor space without very big, to ensure the safety of system.
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| CN107676759A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-02-09 | 北京兆阳光热技术有限公司 | Solar power station live (open) steam overheats generation method and equipment |
| CN109668341B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-10-16 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Tower type multi-stage solid particle heat absorber for solar thermal power generation |
| CN110173903B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-09-29 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | Tower type solar thermal power generation system based on semicircular heat collector |
| CN111765652A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-13 | 清华大学 | Tower-type photovoltaic and photo-thermal combined power generation device |
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| CN102889694A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-23 | 华北电力大学 | Tower type solar boiler |
| CN203703945U (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-07-09 | 中广核太阳能开发有限公司 | Tower type receiver for superheated steam directly generated from solar energy |
| EP2000669B1 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2015-06-17 | Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A. | Solar concentration plant for the production of superheated steam |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2000669B1 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2015-06-17 | Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A. | Solar concentration plant for the production of superheated steam |
| CN102889694A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-23 | 华北电力大学 | Tower type solar boiler |
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