CN108561282A - A kind of slot type direct steam and fuse salt combined thermal power generating system - Google Patents
A kind of slot type direct steam and fuse salt combined thermal power generating system Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种槽式直接蒸汽与熔融盐联合热发电系统。包括直接蒸汽系统、汽轮机发电系统、给水回热系统和冷凝系统；其中直接蒸汽系统包括直接蒸汽太阳能集热场、蒸汽换热器、中温储热装置、水混合器和气液分离器等；还包括具有过热蒸汽段作用的熔融盐集热系统，熔融盐集热系统包括槽式熔融盐太阳能集热场、高温热熔融盐罐、高温冷熔融盐罐和过热器等。工作时，系统中水的预热和蒸发过程在直接蒸汽系统中的直接蒸汽太阳能集热场完成，过热和再热过程在熔融盐系统中的熔融盐过热器和再热器完成；熔融盐系统出口的高温工质仅与过热器和再热器进行换热，减小换热器内部传热温差，减小热交换器的㶲损失，本发明能够使热发电系统的效率提升15～20%。
The invention relates to a trough-type direct steam and molten salt combined thermal power generation system. Including direct steam system, steam turbine power generation system, feed water recuperation system and condensation system; the direct steam system includes direct steam solar thermal field, steam heat exchanger, medium temperature heat storage device, water mixer and gas-liquid separator, etc.; also includes The molten salt heat collection system with superheated steam section function, the molten salt heat collection system includes a trough molten salt solar heat collection field, a high temperature hot molten salt tank, a high temperature cold molten salt tank and a superheater, etc. When working, the preheating and evaporation process of water in the system is completed in the direct steam solar collector field in the direct steam system, and the superheating and reheating process is completed in the molten salt superheater and reheater in the molten salt system; the molten salt system The high-temperature working medium at the outlet only exchanges heat with the superheater and reheater, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference inside the heat exchanger and reducing the exergy loss of the heat exchanger. The invention can increase the efficiency of the thermal power generation system by 15-20% .
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于太阳能发电技术领域，具体涉及一种槽式太阳能热发电系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of solar power generation, and in particular relates to a trough-type solar thermal power generation system.
背景技术Background technique
太阳能是分布最广，储量最丰富的可再生能源。为了提升太阳能的品质和利用效率，太阳能高温热利用引起了广泛的关注。槽式太阳能热发电是目前技术最成熟，成本最低的太阳能热发电技术。传统常规的太阳能槽式热发电系统包括太阳能集热系统、储热系统、热传输与换热系统和发电系统等部分组成。太阳能集热系统包括高温真空集热管、聚光器、跟踪机构以及相关连接管路和阀门。Solar energy is the most widely distributed and abundant renewable energy. In order to improve the quality and utilization efficiency of solar energy, high-temperature thermal utilization of solar energy has attracted extensive attention. Trough solar thermal power generation is currently the most mature technology and the lowest cost solar thermal power generation technology. The traditional conventional solar trough thermal power generation system consists of solar heat collection system, heat storage system, heat transfer and heat exchange system, and power generation system. The solar heat collection system includes high-temperature vacuum heat collection tubes, concentrators, tracking mechanisms, and related connecting pipes and valves.
对于导热油和熔融盐工质的电站，聚光器把太阳辐射光线聚焦在抛物槽焦线上的槽式真空集热管，传热工质与集热管管壁进行对流换热而被加热。然后被加热的传热工质通过一系列的热交换器产生蒸汽，蒸汽的能量通过蒸汽动力循环产生电力。加热蒸汽后，传热工质返回到太阳能集热场。槽式太阳能热发电系统的集热场加热回路较长，因此槽式热发电系统的热损主要来自集热场管路及集热管损失。目前商业化运行的槽式热发电系统温度可达400℃，为了提高系统发电效率，槽式热发电系统的运行温度，有进一步提高的趋势。目前采用熔融盐作为传热工质的实验电站最高温度可达550℃。随着集热场温度的提升，集热管的热损失呈指数型增长以及连接管路热损显著增加。因此减少槽式集热场的热损，对提高热发电系统的效率有重要意义。同时在蒸汽发生器中，蒸汽沸腾温度远低于集热场出口温度，在热交换器换热过程中有较大㶲损失。For power stations with heat transfer oil and molten salt working medium, the concentrator focuses the solar radiation on the trough vacuum heat collecting tube on the focal line of the parabolic trough, and the heat transfer working medium and the heat collecting tube wall are heated by convective heat exchange. The heated heat transfer medium then passes through a series of heat exchangers to generate steam, and the energy of the steam generates electricity through the steam power cycle. After heating the steam, the heat transfer fluid returns to the solar thermal field. The heating circuit of the collector field of the trough solar thermal power generation system is long, so the heat loss of the trough thermal power generation system mainly comes from the loss of the collector field pipeline and heat collector tube. At present, the temperature of the trough thermal power generation system in commercial operation can reach 400°C. In order to improve the power generation efficiency of the system, the operating temperature of the trough thermal power generation system has a tendency to be further increased. At present, the maximum temperature of the experimental power station using molten salt as the heat transfer medium can reach 550 °C. As the temperature of the heat collecting field increases, the heat loss of the heat collecting tube increases exponentially and the heat loss of the connecting pipeline increases significantly. Therefore, reducing the heat loss of the trough heat collector field is of great significance for improving the efficiency of the thermal power generation system. At the same time, in the steam generator, the boiling temperature of the steam is much lower than the outlet temperature of the heat collecting field, and there is a large exergy loss in the heat exchange process of the heat exchanger.
槽式直接蒸汽发电技术具有更高的效率、更小的环境污染和更低的投资，是太阳能热发电技术中最有潜力的一种技术。但是，由于太阳辐射的间歇性和周期性，使得系统的控制问题十分复杂，此外集热管内两相流的不稳定性，过热段的传热恶化，也限制直接蒸汽发电技术的发展。Trough direct steam power generation technology has higher efficiency, less environmental pollution and lower investment, and is the most potential technology in solar thermal power generation technology. However, due to the intermittence and periodicity of solar radiation, the control problem of the system is very complicated. In addition, the instability of the two-phase flow in the collector tube and the deterioration of heat transfer in the superheating section also limit the development of direct steam power generation technology.
发明内容：Invention content:
为了提高槽式热发电系统的效率，降低发电成本，本发明提出一种槽式直接蒸汽与熔融盐联合热发电系统。In order to improve the efficiency of the trough-type thermal power generation system and reduce the cost of power generation, the present invention proposes a trough-type direct steam and molten salt combined thermal power generation system.
一种槽式直接蒸汽与熔融盐联合热发电系统包括直接蒸汽系统2、汽轮机发电系统5、给水回热系统3和冷凝系统4；A trough-type direct steam and molten salt combined thermal power generation system includes a direct steam system 2, a steam turbine power generation system 5, a feed water recovery system 3 and a condensation system 4;
所述汽轮机发电系统5包括汽轮机高压缸、汽轮机中压缸、汽轮机低压缸和发电机组；The steam turbine power generation system 5 includes a steam turbine high pressure cylinder, a steam turbine medium pressure cylinder, a steam turbine low pressure cylinder and a generator set;
所述给水回热系统3包括高压换热器、低压换热器、除氧水箱、前置泵和凝结水泵；所述低压换热器与低压缸连接；所述高压换热器与汽轮机高压缸连接；所述除氧水箱分别与汽轮机中压缸、低压换热器、前置泵和高压换热器连接；The feed water heat recovery system 3 includes a high-pressure heat exchanger, a low-pressure heat exchanger, a deoxygenated water tank, a front pump and a condensate pump; the low-pressure heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure cylinder; the high-pressure heat exchanger is connected to the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine connection; the deaeration water tank is respectively connected with the medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the low-pressure heat exchanger, the pre-pump and the high-pressure heat exchanger;
所述冷凝系统4包括冷却塔和冷凝器；所述冷凝器分别与汽轮机低压缸和给水回热系统3的凝结水泵的入口连接；The condensing system 4 includes a cooling tower and a condenser; the condenser is connected to the inlet of the condensate pump of the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder and the feedwater recuperation system 3, respectively;
所述直接蒸汽系统2包括直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20、水泵21、储液罐22、蒸汽换热器23、中温储热装置24、水混合器25和气液分离器26；所述直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20的入口依次串联着水泵21、储液罐22和水混合器25；直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20的出口连接着气液分离26的入口；气液分离器26的气相出口连接着过热器15的蒸汽入口，气液分离器26的液相出口连接着水混合器25的入口；所述蒸汽换热器23并联着直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20；所述中温储热装置24进出口分别连接着蒸汽换热器23的储热工质出进口；The direct steam system 2 includes a direct steam solar heat collection field 20, a water pump 21, a liquid storage tank 22, a steam heat exchanger 23, a medium temperature heat storage device 24, a water mixer 25 and a gas-liquid separator 26; the direct steam solar energy The inlet of heat collecting field 20 is connected in series with water pump 21, liquid storage tank 22 and water mixer 25 in sequence; the outlet of direct steam solar heat collecting field 20 is connected with the inlet of gas-liquid separation 26; The steam inlet of the superheater 15 and the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 26 are connected to the inlet of the water mixer 25; the steam heat exchanger 23 is connected in parallel with the direct steam solar heat collection field 20; The outlets are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat storage working medium of the steam heat exchanger 23;
还包括熔融盐集热系统1，所述熔融盐集热系统1包括槽式熔融盐太阳能集热场10、高温热熔融盐罐18、高温冷熔融盐罐11、熔融盐泵12、膨胀罐13、熔融盐混合器14、过热器15、再热器16和熔盐分流器17；所述熔融盐太阳能集热场10的入口依次串联着熔融盐泵12、膨胀罐13和熔融盐混合器14，熔融盐太阳能集热场10的入口和熔融盐泵12出口之间的管路上通过串联的第二阀门110并联着高温冷熔融盐罐11；所述熔融盐太阳能集热场10的出口依次串联着熔融盐分流器17、过热机构和熔融盐混合器14，所述过热机构由并联的过热器15和再热器16构成；熔融盐太阳能集热场10的出口与熔融盐分流器17入口之间的管路上通过串联的第一阀门19并联着高温热熔融盐罐18，高温热熔融盐罐18的出口串联着泵111；所述过热器15蒸汽出口连接着汽轮机高压缸的蒸汽入口；所述再热器16蒸汽出口连接着汽轮机中压缸的蒸汽入口；It also includes a molten salt heat collection system 1, which includes a trough molten salt solar heat collection field 10, a high-temperature hot molten salt tank 18, a high-temperature cold molten salt tank 11, a molten salt pump 12, and an expansion tank 13 , molten salt mixer 14, superheater 15, reheater 16 and molten salt shunt 17; the entrance of described molten salt solar heat collection field 10 is sequentially connected in series with molten salt pump 12, expansion tank 13 and molten salt mixer 14 , the pipeline between the inlet of the molten salt solar heat collection field 10 and the outlet of the molten salt pump 12 is connected in parallel with the high-temperature cold molten salt tank 11 through the second valve 110 connected in series; the outlet of the molten salt solar heat collection field 10 is connected in series successively Next to molten salt shunt 17, overheating mechanism and molten salt mixer 14, said overheating mechanism is made of parallel superheater 15 and reheater 16; The high-temperature hot molten salt tank 18 is connected in parallel through the first valve 19 connected in series on the pipeline between them, and the outlet of the high-temperature hot molten salt tank 18 is connected in series with the pump 111; the steam outlet of the superheater 15 is connected with the steam inlet of the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder; The steam outlet of the reheater 16 is connected to the steam inlet of the medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine;
所述熔融盐集热系统1具有过热蒸汽段的作用；The molten salt heat collection system 1 has the function of a superheated steam section;
工作时，系统中水的预热和蒸发过程在直接蒸汽系统2中的直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20完成，过热和再热过程在熔融盐系统1中的熔融盐过热器16和再热器15完成。When working, the preheating and evaporation process of water in the system is completed in the direct steam solar heat collection field 20 in the direct steam system 2, and the superheating and reheating process is completed in the molten salt superheater 16 and reheater 15 in the molten salt system 1 Finish.
进一步限定的技术方案如下：Further defined technical solutions are as follows:
所述中温储热系统24为相变储能装置或双罐熔融盐储能装置或单罐斜温层储能装置或潜热混凝土储热装置。The medium-temperature heat storage system 24 is a phase change energy storage device, a double-tank molten salt energy storage device, a single-tank thermocline energy storage device, or a latent concrete heat storage device.
所述直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20包括槽式直接蒸汽槽式集热管、槽式聚光器、跟踪机构、蒸汽连接管路及泵和阀门，按常规太阳能集热场的连接关系连接。The direct steam solar heat collection field 20 includes a trough direct steam trough heat collector, a trough concentrator, a tracking mechanism, steam connecting pipelines, pumps and valves, which are connected according to the connection relationship of a conventional solar heat collection field.
所述熔融盐太阳能集热场10包括槽式熔融盐集热管、槽式聚光器、跟踪机构、熔融盐连接管路及相关泵和阀门，按常规太阳能集热场的连接关系连接。The molten salt solar heat collection field 10 includes a trough molten salt heat collection tube, a trough concentrator, a tracking mechanism, molten salt connecting pipelines and related pumps and valves, which are connected according to the connection relationship of a conventional solar heat collection field.
所述冷凝系统4为水冷冷凝器或风冷冷凝器。The condensing system 4 is a water-cooled condenser or an air-cooled condenser.
所述汽轮机低压缸为二级以上的低压缸串联组成。The low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is composed of two or more low-pressure cylinders connected in series.
本发明的有益技术效果体现在以下方面：Beneficial technical effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects:
1.通过采用槽式直接蒸汽和熔融盐联合热发电系统，将两类系统进行有效地结合起来优势互补。与传统采用单一工质的集热系统不同的是：水的的预热和蒸发过程在直接蒸汽系统中的直接蒸汽太阳能集热场完成，过热和再热过程在熔融盐系统中的熔融盐过热器和再热器完成。1. Through the use of trough-type direct steam and molten salt combined thermal power generation system, the two types of systems are effectively combined to complement each other. Different from the traditional heat collection system using a single working medium: the preheating and evaporation process of water is completed in the direct steam solar heat collection field in the direct steam system, and the superheating and reheating process is completed in the molten salt superheating process in the molten salt system Heater and reheater complete.
2.熔融盐系统出口的高温工质仅与过热器和再热器进行换热，减小换热器内部传热温差，减小热交换器的㶲损失。同时也使集热场高温熔盐回路长度相对传统熔盐集热系统减少60～70%，能够使白天晴朗天气集热场热量损失减小30～40%，夜间保温伴热能量消耗减小50～60%，因此本发明能够使热发电系统的效率提升15～20%。2. The high-temperature working fluid at the outlet of the molten salt system only exchanges heat with the superheater and reheater, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference inside the heat exchanger and reducing the exergy loss of the heat exchanger. At the same time, it also reduces the length of the high-temperature molten salt circuit in the collector field by 60-70% compared with the traditional molten salt collector system, which can reduce the heat loss of the collector field in sunny days by 30-40%, and reduce the energy consumption of heat preservation and heat tracing at night by 50%. ~60%, so the present invention can increase the efficiency of thermal power generation system by 15-20%.
3.直接蒸汽系统相对于传统蒸汽系统，取消了过热蒸汽段。在直接蒸汽太阳能集热场出口设置的气液分离器能够保证稳定参数的蒸汽输出，使直接蒸汽太阳能集热场可以采用较大的水流量，提高两相流的传热稳定性，同时消除传统直接蒸汽系统过热蒸汽段的传热恶化对集热管的破坏。采用高温熔融盐回路对蒸汽进行再热和过热，能够提高输出蒸汽参数稳定性，提高系统运行稳定性。3. Compared with the traditional steam system, the direct steam system cancels the superheated steam section. The gas-liquid separator installed at the outlet of the direct steam solar collector field can ensure the steam output with stable parameters, so that the direct steam solar collector field can adopt a larger water flow rate, improve the heat transfer stability of the two-phase flow, and eliminate the traditional The heat transfer deterioration of the superheated steam section of the direct steam system damages the collector tube. Using a high-temperature molten salt circuit to reheat and superheat the steam can improve the stability of the output steam parameters and improve the stability of the system operation.
4.本发明可大幅减少熔融盐的使用量，显著降低电站初期投资成本，降低单位电力成本。4. The present invention can greatly reduce the amount of molten salt used, significantly reduce the initial investment cost of the power station, and reduce the unit power cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1所示为本发明槽式直接蒸汽与熔融盐联合热发电系统的示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a trough-type direct steam and molten salt combined thermal power generation system according to the present invention.
图2所示为本发明熔融盐系统的示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the molten salt system of the present invention.
图3所示为本发明直接蒸汽系统的示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the direct steam system of the present invention.
上图中序号：熔融盐集热系统1，直接蒸汽集热系统2，给水回热系统3，冷凝系统4，汽轮机发电系统5，槽式熔融盐太阳能集热场10，高温冷熔融盐罐11，熔融盐泵12，膨胀罐13，熔融盐混合器14，过热器15，再热器16，熔融盐分流器17，高温热熔融盐罐18，第一阀门19，直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20，水泵21，储液罐22，蒸汽换热器23，中温储热装置24，水混合器25，气液分离器26，蒸汽阀门27，第二阀门110，泵111。Serial numbers in the above picture: molten salt heat collection system 1, direct steam heat collection system 2, feed water recovery system 3, condensation system 4, steam turbine power generation system 5, trough molten salt solar heat collection field 10, high temperature cold molten salt tank 11 , molten salt pump 12, expansion tank 13, molten salt mixer 14, superheater 15, reheater 16, molten salt splitter 17, high-temperature hot molten salt tank 18, first valve 19, direct steam solar collector field 20 , water pump 21, liquid storage tank 22, steam heat exchanger 23, medium temperature heat storage device 24, water mixer 25, gas-liquid separator 26, steam valve 27, second valve 110, pump 111.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
为了进一步说明本发明的特点及功能，下面结合图，通过实施例对本发明做进一步详细地描述。In order to further illustrate the characteristics and functions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail through embodiments in conjunction with the drawings below.
参见图1，一种槽式直接蒸汽与熔融盐联合热发电系统包括直接蒸汽系统2、汽轮机发电系统5、给水回热系统3、冷凝系统4和熔融盐集热系统1。Referring to FIG. 1 , a trough-type direct steam and molten salt cogeneration system includes a direct steam system 2 , a steam turbine power generation system 5 , a feedwater recovery system 3 , a condensation system 4 and a molten salt heat collection system 1 .
汽轮机发电系统5包括汽轮机高压缸、汽轮机中压缸、汽轮机低压缸和发电机组，其中汽轮机低压缸为二级以上的三个低压缸串联组成。The steam turbine power generation system 5 includes a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, a steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder, a steam turbine low-pressure cylinder and a generator set, wherein the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder is composed of three low-pressure cylinders connected in series.
给水回热系统3包括高压换热器、低压换热器、除氧水箱、前置泵和凝结水泵；所述低压换热器与低压缸连接；所述高压换热器与汽轮机高压缸连接；所述除氧水箱分别与汽轮机中压缸、低压换热器、前置泵和高压换热器连接。The feed water recuperation system 3 includes a high-pressure heat exchanger, a low-pressure heat exchanger, a deoxygenated water tank, a front pump and a condensate pump; the low-pressure heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure cylinder; the high-pressure heat exchanger is connected to the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; The deoxygenated water tank is respectively connected with the medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the low-pressure heat exchanger, the pre-pump and the high-pressure heat exchanger.
冷凝系统4为水冷冷凝器，包括冷却塔和冷凝器；冷凝器分别与汽轮机低压缸和给水回热系统3的凝结水泵的入口连接。The condensing system 4 is a water-cooled condenser, including a cooling tower and a condenser; the condenser is respectively connected to the inlet of the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder and the condensate pump of the feedwater recuperation system 3 .
参见图2，直接蒸汽系统2包括直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20、水泵21、储液罐22、蒸汽换热器23、中温储热装置24、水混合器25和气液分离器26。直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20包括槽式直接蒸汽槽式集热管、槽式聚光器、跟踪机构、蒸汽连接管路及泵和阀门，按常规太阳能集热场的连接关系连接；直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20的入口依次串联着水泵21、储液罐22和水混合器25。直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20的出口连接着气液分离26的入口；气液分离器26的气相出口连接着过热器15的蒸汽入口，气液分离器26的液相出口连接着水混合器25的入口。蒸汽换热器23并联着直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20。中温储热系统24为相变储能装置，中温储热装置24进出口分别连接着蒸汽换热器23的储热工质出进口。Referring to FIG. 2 , the direct steam system 2 includes a direct steam solar heat collection field 20 , a water pump 21 , a liquid storage tank 22 , a steam heat exchanger 23 , a medium temperature heat storage device 24 , a water mixer 25 and a gas-liquid separator 26 . The direct steam solar heat collection field 20 includes a trough-type direct steam trough-type heat collection tube, a trough concentrator, a tracking mechanism, steam connecting pipelines, pumps and valves, which are connected according to the connection relationship of a conventional solar heat collection field; The inlet of the thermal field 20 is connected in series with a water pump 21 , a liquid storage tank 22 and a water mixer 25 in sequence. The outlet of the direct steam solar heat collection field 20 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 26; the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 26 is connected to the steam inlet of the superheater 15, and the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 26 is connected to the water mixer 25 entrance. The steam heat exchanger 23 is connected with the direct steam solar heat collection field 20 in parallel. The medium-temperature heat storage system 24 is a phase-change energy storage device, and the inlet and outlet of the medium-temperature heat storage device 24 are respectively connected to the heat storage working fluid inlet and outlet of the steam heat exchanger 23 .
参见图3，熔融盐集热系统1具有过热蒸汽段的作用；熔融盐集热系统1包括槽式熔融盐太阳能集热场10、高温热熔融盐罐18、高温冷熔融盐罐11、熔融盐泵12、膨胀罐13、熔融盐混合器14、过热器15、再热器16和熔盐分流器17；熔融盐太阳能集热场10包括槽式熔融盐集热管、槽式聚光器、跟踪机构、熔融盐连接管路及相关泵和阀门，按常规太阳能集热场的连接关系连接。熔融盐太阳能集热场10的入口依次串联着熔融盐泵12、膨胀罐13和熔融盐混合器14，熔融盐太阳能集热场10的入口和熔融盐泵12出口之间的管路上通过串联的第二阀门110并联着高温冷熔融盐罐11；所述熔融盐太阳能集热场10的出口依次串联着熔融盐分流器17、过热机构和熔融盐混合器14，所述过热机构由并联的过热器15和再热器16构成；熔融盐太阳能集热场10的出口与熔融盐分流器17入口之间的管路上通过串联的第一阀门19并联着高温热熔融盐罐18，高温热熔融盐罐18的出口串联着泵111；所述过热器15蒸汽出口连接着汽轮机高压缸的蒸汽入口；所述再热器16蒸汽出口连接着汽轮机中压缸的蒸汽入口。Referring to Fig. 3, the molten salt heat collection system 1 has the effect of superheated steam section; Pump 12, expansion tank 13, molten salt mixer 14, superheater 15, reheater 16 and molten salt shunt 17; molten salt solar heat collection field 10 includes trough molten salt heat collection tube, trough concentrator, tracking Mechanisms, molten salt connection pipelines and related pumps and valves are connected according to the connection relationship of conventional solar heat collection fields. The inlet of the molten salt solar heat collection field 10 is connected in series with the molten salt pump 12, the expansion tank 13 and the molten salt mixer 14 in sequence, and the pipeline between the entrance of the molten salt solar heat collection field 10 and the outlet of the molten salt pump 12 passes through a series The second valve 110 is connected in parallel with the high-temperature cold molten salt tank 11; the outlet of the molten salt solar collector field 10 is connected in series with the molten salt shunt 17, the overheating mechanism and the molten salt mixer 14 successively, and the overheating mechanism is composed of a parallel superheating mechanism. Device 15 and reheater 16 constitute; On the pipeline between the outlet of molten salt solar collector 10 and the inlet of molten salt splitter 17, the first valve 19 in series is connected in parallel with high-temperature hot molten salt tank 18, and the high-temperature hot molten salt The outlet of the tank 18 is connected to the pump 111 in series; the steam outlet of the superheater 15 is connected to the steam inlet of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; the steam outlet of the reheater 16 is connected to the steam inlet of the medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
汽轮机发电系统5中采用的汽轮机的主汽温度为540℃，压力13Mpa，再热蒸汽温度为540℃压力1.8Mpa，给水温度222℃。The main steam temperature of the steam turbine used in the steam turbine power generation system 5 is 540°C, the pressure is 13Mpa, the reheat steam temperature is 540°C, the pressure is 1.8Mpa, and the feed water temperature is 222°C.
工作时，系统中水的预热和蒸发过程在直接蒸汽系统2中的直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20完成，过热和再热过程在熔融盐系统1中的熔融盐过热器16和再热器15完成。When working, the preheating and evaporation process of water in the system is completed in the direct steam solar heat collection field 20 in the direct steam system 2, and the superheating and reheating process is completed in the molten salt superheater 16 and reheater 15 in the molten salt system 1 Finish.
具体工作原理说明如下：The specific working principle is described as follows:
直接蒸汽系统2的储液罐22中的水经水泵21输送到直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20，水在直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20经预热，沸腾，以330℃的水汽混合物状态从直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20输出，水汽混合物一部分进入蒸汽换热器23与中温储能装置24换热，凝结成水返回直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20入口；另一部分经气液分离器26，气液分离器26的液相出口的饱和水与给水回热系统3出口的给水在水混合器25中混合返回直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20，气液分离器26的气相出口的干蒸汽进入过热器15。在夜晚或者阴雨等无太阳辐照时间段，关闭与直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20连接的蒸汽阀门27，见图3，回路水经蒸汽换热器23预热，沸腾，依次经过气液分离器26，蒸汽经过热器15产生高温高压蒸汽，气液分离器26的液相返回水混合器25与给水混合再次完成一个加热循环。The water in the liquid storage tank 22 of the direct steam system 2 is transported to the direct steam solar heat collection field 20 through the water pump 21, and the water is preheated and boiled in the direct steam solar heat collection field 20. The output of the solar heat collection field 20, a part of the water vapor mixture enters the steam heat exchanger 23 to exchange heat with the medium temperature energy storage device 24, condenses into water and returns to the entrance of the solar heat collection field 20 directly as steam; the other part passes through the gas-liquid separator 26 for gas-liquid separation The saturated water at the liquid phase outlet of the device 26 and the feed water at the outlet of the feed water recuperation system 3 are mixed in the water mixer 25 and returned to the direct steam solar collector field 20, and the dry steam at the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 26 enters the superheater 15. During night or rainy periods without solar radiation, close the steam valve 27 connected to the direct steam solar collector field 20, as shown in Figure 3, the loop water is preheated by the steam heat exchanger 23, boils, and passes through the gas-liquid separator in turn 26. The steam passes through the heater 15 to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and the liquid phase of the gas-liquid separator 26 returns to the water mixer 25 to mix with feed water to complete a heating cycle again.
熔融盐集热系统1的膨胀罐13中的340℃熔融盐经熔融盐泵12输送到熔融盐太阳能集热场10，在熔融盐太阳能集热场10加热至550℃，一部分进入高温热熔融盐罐18中，一部分经熔融盐分流器17分别进入过热器15和再热器16加热蒸汽，熔融盐温度降至340℃，与部分高温冷熔融盐罐11中熔融盐混合返回熔融盐太阳能集热场10。在夜晚或者阴雨等无太阳辐照时间段，关闭与熔融盐太阳能集热场10连接的第一阀门19和第二阀门110，见图2，高温热熔融盐罐18中的熔融盐经泵111（见图2）输送至过热器15和再热器16，熔融盐温度降至340℃进入高温冷熔融盐罐11。The 340°C molten salt in the expansion tank 13 of the molten salt heat collection system 1 is transported to the molten salt solar heat collection field 10 through the molten salt pump 12, heated to 550°C in the molten salt solar heat collection field 10, and part of it enters the high-temperature hot molten salt In the tank 18, a part enters the superheater 15 and the reheater 16 to heat the steam through the molten salt splitter 17, and the temperature of the molten salt drops to 340°C, and mixes with part of the molten salt in the high-temperature cold molten salt tank 11 and returns to the molten salt for solar heat collection Field 10. At night or rainy and other non-solar irradiation time periods, close the first valve 19 and the second valve 110 connected to the molten salt solar heat collection field 10, see Fig. (See Figure 2) The molten salt is transported to the superheater 15 and reheater 16, and the temperature of the molten salt drops to 340°C and enters the high-temperature cold molten salt tank 11.
在汽轮机发电系统5中，经过热器15产生的过热蒸汽进入汽轮机发电系统的高压缸，在高压缸完成膨胀做功，经气液分离器26，高压换热器，再热器16进入中压缸继续膨胀做功；中压缸排气一部分进入第一级低压缸继续膨胀做功，一部分进入除氧水箱；第一级低压缸排气一部分进入第一级低压换热器，另一部分进入第二级低压缸；第二级低压缸排气一部分进入第二级低压换热器，另一部分进入第三级低压缸；第三级低压缸排气进入冷凝器，凝结为水依次经第一、二级低压换热器，除氧水箱，高压换热器，进入直接蒸汽太阳能集热场20。In the steam turbine power generation system 5, the superheated steam generated by the heater 15 enters the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine power generation system, where expansion and work are completed in the high-pressure cylinder, and then enters the medium-pressure cylinder through the gas-liquid separator 26, high-pressure heat exchanger, and reheater 16. Continue to expand and do work; part of the exhaust gas from the medium-pressure cylinder enters the first-stage low-pressure cylinder to continue to expand and perform work, and part of it enters the deaeration water tank; part of the exhaust gas from the first-stage low-pressure cylinder enters the first-stage low-pressure heat exchanger, and the other part enters the second-stage low-pressure Part of the exhaust gas from the second-stage low-pressure cylinder enters the second-stage low-pressure heat exchanger, and the other part enters the third-stage low-pressure cylinder; the exhaust gas from the third-stage low-pressure cylinder enters the condenser, and condenses into water through the first and second low-pressure cylinders in turn. Heat exchanger, oxygen-removing water tank, high-pressure heat exchanger, direct steam into solar collector field 20.
上面结合附图对本发明进行了描述，但本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下，在不脱离本发明宗旨的情况下，进行改进及微调均属于本发明的保护之内。The present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make improvements and fine-tuning without departing from the gist of the present invention. All belong to the protection of the present invention.
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| CN111927724B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-07-05 | 华中科技大学 | Design method for heat collection field of partitioned trough type solar thermal power generation system |
| CN113587064A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-11-02 | 西安交通大学 | Mirror field starting and stopping system of photo-thermal power station and control method |
| CN113503195A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-15 | 上海海事大学 | Ship waste heat utilization cogeneration device and use method thereof |
| CN113503195B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-12-23 | 上海海事大学 | A ship waste heat utilization combined heat and power device and its use method |
| CN114739021A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-12 | 中国船舶重工集团新能源有限责任公司 | Groove type steam generation system |
| CN114776543A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Solar-assisted coal-fired power generation system with deep peak regulation and control method thereof |
| CN115183210A (en) * | 2022-06-12 | 2022-10-14 | 北京中热信息科技有限公司 | Aqueous medium energy storage power generation steam supply system |
| CN115822742A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-03-21 | 国电投重庆能源研究院有限公司 | Heat storage power generation system of accumulation bed |
| CN117537533A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-02-09 | 中绿中科储能技术有限公司 | Breathing gas zero-emission cold accumulation system of liquid air energy storage power station |
| CN119860328A (en) * | 2025-01-15 | 2025-04-22 | 华北电力大学 | High-power-level trough-tower coupling solar thermal power generation system |
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