CN105733766A - High-conductivity electrorheological fluid and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
High-conductivity electrorheological fluid and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/12—Oxidised hydrocarbons, i.e. oxidised subsequent to macromolecular formation
- C10M2205/123—Oxidised hydrocarbons, i.e. oxidised subsequent to macromolecular formation used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
- C10M2205/163—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/045—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
- C10M2229/0415—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
- C10M2229/051—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon containing halogen
- C10M2229/0515—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon containing halogen used as base material
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/60—Electro rheological properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
- C10N2040/16—Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electrorheological fluid materials, in particular to high-conductivity electrorheological fluid and a preparing method thereof.Liquid metal and electrorheological fluid synthesized in situ serve as raw materials and are uniformly mixed to prepare the high-conductivity electrorheological fluid, good fluidity of the liquid metal is used for uniformly dispersing liquid metal particles into the electrorheological fluid synthesized in situ, and therefore conductivity of the electrorheological fluid is improved; as the liquid metal in the electrorheological fluid synthesized in situ is not effectively communicated, the prepared high-conductivity electrorheological fluid still keeps the insulation characteristic.The preparing method of the high-conductivity electrorheological fluid is simple, the materials are wide in source and easy to obtain, and applicability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ER fluid material technical field, particularly relate to a kind of high-conductivity ER fluid and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
ER fluid (ElectrorheologicalFluids) is called for short ER liquid or ER fluid, the solid particle dispersions low by high conductivity, dielectric constant is high is prepared from the iknsulating liquid that dielectric constant is low, it is a kind of suspension under usual state, Liquid-solid conversion can occur under the effect of electric field.When electric field strength is significantly less than certain marginal value, ER fluid is in a liquid state；When electric field intensity is much higher than this marginal value, it reforms into solid-state；Near the marginal value of electric field intensity, it becomes to have viscosity and become big with the increase of electric field intensity.Owing to ER fluid has the quality of controlled change, yield stress, elastic modelling quantity can produce change according to the demand of user, thus are subject to people's extensive concern.
Iknsulating liquid in ER fluid generally has higher boiling point, and stability, corrosion resistance are good, generally has silicone oil, edible oil, mineral oil.Organic and/or inorganic materials, macromolecular material and the compound ER material that the material of solid particle is conventional.But the solid particle dispersions of the middle interpolation of current ER fluid is poor, poor with the dielectric compatibility, and complicated process of preparation, therefore cannot be widely applied to commercial production.
In order to overcome the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of high-conductivity ER fluid and preparation method thereof.
Summary of the invention
(1) to solve the technical problem that
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention there is provided a kind of high-conductivity ER fluid and preparation method thereof, and the high-conductivity ER fluid that it is prepared from has higher electrical conductance, still keeps its insulation characterisitic simultaneously, and application is strong.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of high-conductivity ER fluid, make after raw material Homogeneous phase mixing with the ER fluid of liquid metal Yu fabricated in situ.
Raw material of the present invention includes the liquid metal of 10～20 parts, and all the other are the ER fluid of fabricated in situ, and wherein, the ER fluid of described fabricated in situ includes the solid particle of 10～30 parts.
Wherein, the ER fluid of described fabricated in situ refers to the ER fluid of in-situ synthesis synthesis.
In order to ensure the high-conductivity ER fluid prepared of the present invention, there is good mobility and electric conductivity, carrying out preferably to the material of liquid metal, described liquid metal is preferably one or more in the elemental metals of gallium, the bianry alloy containing gallium and the ternary alloy three-partalloy containing gallium.
It is preferred that described liquid metal is gallium indium bianry alloy, wherein, the weight portion content of gallium is 10～90 parts, and all the other are indium.
It is preferred that described liquid metal is gallium indium tin ternary alloy three-partalloy, wherein, the weight portion content of gallium is 50～80 parts, and the weight portion content of indium is 5～20 parts, and all the other are stannum.
Basal liquid used of preparing in order to ensure ER fluid has good insulation preformance, high pressure resistant, low viscosity, without the feature under electric field action with good fluidity, basal liquid used by the preparation of the ER fluid of described fabricated in situ is carried out preferably, it is preferable that the ER fluid of described fabricated in situ is the ER fluid being directly synthesized in Silicon-oil-based, edible oil base or Dormant oils base.
In order to ensure described fabricated in situ ER fluid while there is electric conductivity, retain its insulation characterisitic, it is preferable that the ER fluid of described fabricated in situ is one or more in oxidized paraffin wax, oxidation silicone oil or dimethicone, it is preferred to oxidized paraffin wax.
In order to ensure that the solid particle in described fabricated in situ ER fluid has higher, relative dielectric constant and more highly polar, the material of described solid particle is carried out preferably, preferred described solid particle is one or more in barium titanate particles, nanometer titanyl microgranule, titanium dioxide powder granule, anhydrous calcium titanate granule, silicon dioxide-aqueous polyurethane nano granule, more preferably barium titanate particles.
As the preferred version of the present invention, described high-conductivity ER fluid, with the ER fluid of liquid metal and fabricated in situ for raw material, is made after Homogeneous phase mixing；
Wherein, described raw material includes the liquid metal of 15 parts, and all the other are the ER fluid of fabricated in situ, and the ER fluid of described fabricated in situ includes the solid particle of 20 parts；
Described liquid metal is gallium indium bianry alloy, and wherein, the weight portion content of gallium is 70 parts, and all the other are indium；
The ER fluid of described fabricated in situ for be mixed into barium titanate particles in oxidized paraffin wax, and wherein, the weight portion content of barium titanate particles is 20 parts.
The preparation method that invention further provides high-conductivity ER fluid as above, comprises the following steps:
(1) ER fluid of fabricated in situ is prepared with conventional in situ synthetic method；
(2) liquid metal is prepared in conventional manner；
(3) described liquid metal is mixed homogeneously with the ER fluid of fabricated in situ, to obtain final product.
(3) beneficial effect
The technique scheme of the present invention has the advantages that the high-conductivity ER fluid of the present invention, make after raw material Homogeneous phase mixing with the ER fluid of liquid metal Yu fabricated in situ, it utilizes the good mobility of liquid metal by evengranular for the liquid metal ER fluid being scattered in fabricated in situ, thus improve the electrical conductance of ER fluid, but do not form effectively connection due to the liquid metal in the ER fluid that synthesizes in position, the high-conductivity ER fluid being therefore prepared from still keeps its insulation characterisitic.The high-conductivity ER fluid preparation method of the present invention is simple, and material is extensively easy to get, applied stronger.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the high-conductivity ER fluid structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention；
Wherein, 1, liquid metal；2, the iknsulating liquid in the ER fluid of fabricated in situ；3, solid particle.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail.Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but can not be used for limiting the scope of the present invention.
For avoiding repeating, first that the raw materials used Unify legislation of this detailed description of the invention is as follows, specific embodiment is not repeating: as it is shown in figure 1, the high-conductivity ER fluid of the present embodiment is made after raw material Homogeneous phase mixing with the ER fluid of liquid metal Yu fabricated in situ；The preparation method of this high-conductivity ER fluid comprises the following steps:
(1) ER fluid of fabricated in situ is prepared with conventional in situ synthetic method；
(2) liquid metal is prepared in conventional manner；
(3) described liquid metal is mixed homogeneously with the ER fluid of fabricated in situ, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 1
In high-conductivity ER fluid described in the present embodiment, liquid metal content is mass fraction 10%, and all the other are the ER fluid of fabricated in situ.
Wherein, the material of this liquid metal is gallium indium bianry alloy, and the content of gallium is mass fraction 90%, and all the other are indium；The ER fluid of fabricated in situ for be mixed into titanium dioxide powder granule in dimethicone, and wherein the content of titanium dioxide powder granule is mass fraction 20%.
Embodiment 2
In high-conductivity ER fluid described in the present embodiment, liquid metal content is mass fraction 15%, and all the other are the ER fluid of fabricated in situ.
Wherein, the material of this liquid metal is gallium indium bianry alloy, and the content of gallium is mass fraction 70%, and all the other are indium；The ER fluid of fabricated in situ for be mixed into barium titanate particles in oxidized paraffin wax, and wherein the content of barium titanate particles is mass fraction 20%
Embodiment 3
In high-conductivity ER fluid described in the present embodiment, liquid metal content is mass fraction 20%, and all the other are the ER fluid of fabricated in situ.
Wherein, the material of this liquid metal is gallium indium bianry alloy, and the content of gallium is mass fraction 10%, and all the other are indium；The ER fluid of fabricated in situ for be mixed into a nanometer titanyl microgranule in dimethicone, and wherein the content of nanometer titanyl microgranule is mass fraction 30%.
Embodiment 4
In high-conductivity ER fluid described in the present embodiment, liquid metal content is mass fraction 10%, and all the other are the ER fluid of fabricated in situ.
Wherein, the material of this liquid metal is gallium indium tin ternary alloy three-partalloy, and the content of gallium is mass fraction 80%, and the content of indium is mass fraction 5%, and all the other are stannum；The ER fluid of fabricated in situ for be mixed into silicon dioxide-aqueous polyurethane nano granule in fluorinated silicone oil, and wherein the content of silicon dioxide-aqueous polyurethane nano granule is mass fraction 10%.
Embodiment 5
In high-conductivity ER fluid described in the present embodiment, liquid metal content is mass fraction 20%, and all the other are the ER fluid of fabricated in situ.
Wherein, the material of this liquid metal is gallium indium tin ternary alloy three-partalloy, and the content of gallium is mass fraction 50%, and the content of indium is mass fraction 20%, and all the other are stannum；The ER fluid of fabricated in situ for be mixed into anhydrous calcium titanate granule in dimethicone, and wherein the content of anhydrous calcium titanate granule is mass fraction 30%.
Comparative example
The ER fluid of the present embodiment is the ER fluid that conventional in situ synthetic method is made, and this ER fluid for be mixed into titanium dioxide granule in methyl-silicone oil, and wherein the content of barium titanate particles is mass fraction 20%.
Test example 1
Every characteristic of the high-conductivity ER fluid to be prepared from after each raw material Homogeneous phase mixing described in the various embodiments described above is as shown in table 1.
Every characteristic of table 1 high-conductivity ER fluid
As can be seen from Table 1, embodiment 1～5 is compared with comparative example, while having higher electric conductivity, still keeps its insulation characterisitic, and has good anti-shearing stabilizing power in the electric field.
In sum, this high-conductivity ER fluid, make after raw material Homogeneous phase mixing with the ER fluid of liquid metal Yu fabricated in situ, it utilizes the good mobility of liquid metal by evengranular for the liquid metal ER fluid being scattered in fabricated in situ, thus improve the electrical conductance of ER fluid, but do not form effectively connection due to the liquid metal in the ER fluid that synthesizes in position, the high-conductivity ER fluid being therefore prepared from still keeps its insulation characterisitic.The preparation method of this high-conductivity ER fluid is simple, and material is extensively easy to get, applied stronger.
Embodiments of the invention provide for example with for the purpose of describing, and are not exhaustively or limit the invention to disclosed form.Many modifications and variations are apparent from for the ordinary skill in the art.Selecting and describing embodiment is in order to principles of the invention and practical application are better described, and makes those of ordinary skill in the art it will be appreciated that the present invention is thus design is suitable to the various embodiments with various amendments of special-purpose.
Claims (10)
1. a high-conductivity ER fluid, it is characterised in that make after raw material Homogeneous phase mixing with the ER fluid of liquid metal Yu fabricated in situ.
2. high-conductivity ER fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described raw material includes the liquid metal of 10～20 parts, all the other are the ER fluid of fabricated in situ, and the ER fluid of described fabricated in situ includes the solid particle of 10～30 parts.
3. high-conductivity ER fluid according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described liquid metal is one or more in the elemental metals of gallium, the bianry alloy containing gallium and the ternary alloy three-partalloy containing gallium.
4. high-conductivity ER fluid according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described liquid metal is gallium indium bianry alloy, wherein, the weight portion content of gallium is 10～90 parts, and all the other are indium.
5. high-conductivity ER fluid according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described liquid metal is gallium indium tin ternary alloy three-partalloy, wherein, the weight portion content of gallium is 50～80 parts, and the weight portion content of indium is 5～20 parts, and all the other are stannum.
6. high-conductivity ER fluid according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the ER fluid of described fabricated in situ is the ER fluid being directly synthesized in Silicon-oil-based, edible oil base or Dormant oils base.
7. high-conductivity ER fluid according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the ER fluid of described fabricated in situ is one or more in oxidized paraffin wax, oxidation silicone oil or dimethicone, it is preferred to oxidized paraffin wax.
8. high-conductivity ER fluid according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described solid particle is one or more in barium titanate particles, nanometer titanyl microgranule, titanium dioxide powder granule, anhydrous calcium titanate granule, silicon dioxide-aqueous polyurethane nano granule, it is preferred to barium titanate particles.
9. high-conductivity ER fluid according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the ER fluid of liquid metal and fabricated in situ is make after raw material Homogeneous phase mixing；
Wherein, described raw material includes the liquid metal of 15 parts, and all the other are the ER fluid of fabricated in situ, and the ER fluid of described fabricated in situ includes the solid particle of 20 parts；
Described liquid metal is gallium indium bianry alloy, and wherein, the weight portion content of gallium is 70 parts, and all the other are indium；
The ER fluid of described fabricated in situ for be mixed into barium titanate particles in oxidized paraffin wax, and wherein, the weight portion content of barium titanate particles is 20 parts.
10. the preparation method of the high-conductivity ER fluid described in any one of claim 1-9, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) ER fluid of fabricated in situ is prepared with conventional in situ synthetic method；
(2) liquid metal is prepared in conventional manner；
(3) described liquid metal is mixed homogeneously with the ER fluid of fabricated in situ, to obtain final product.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108766613A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-11-06 | 清华大学 | A kind of multi-functional compound fluid based on liquid metal |
| CN109054944A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-21 | 中山大学 | A kind of ER fluid and preparation method thereof that conductor is inlayed |
| WO2020015522A1 (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-01-23 | Sun Yat-Sen University | Electrorheological fluid |
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| CN104124031A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2014-10-29 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Magnetic nanometer-sized metal fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN104130838A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-11-05 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Complex formulation electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof |
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| US7393463B2 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2008-07-01 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | High temperature magnetorheological fluid compositions and devices |
| CN104124031A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2014-10-29 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Magnetic nanometer-sized metal fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN103952210A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-30 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Method for preventing volatilization of electrorheological fluid dispersion medium |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108766613A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-11-06 | 清华大学 | A kind of multi-functional compound fluid based on liquid metal |
| CN109054944A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-21 | 中山大学 | A kind of ER fluid and preparation method thereof that conductor is inlayed |
| WO2020015522A1 (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-01-23 | Sun Yat-Sen University | Electrorheological fluid |
| CN109054944B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2021-05-11 | 中山大学 | Electrorheological fluid with embedded conductor and preparation method thereof |
| JP2022501449A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2022-01-06 | 中山大学Sun Yat−Sen University | Electrorheological fluid |
| JP7061406B2 (en) | 2018-07-19 | 2022-04-28 | 中山大学 | Electrorheological fluid |
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