CN104130838A - Complex formulation electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Complex formulation electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104130838A CN104130838A CN201410316193.1A CN201410316193A CN104130838A CN 104130838 A CN104130838 A CN 104130838A CN 201410316193 A CN201410316193 A CN 201410316193A CN 104130838 A CN104130838 A CN 104130838A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a complex formulation electrorheological fluid, which is characterized in that the complex formulation electrorheological fluid is prepared by mixing at least an in-situ synthesized electrorheological fluid and at least a conventionally prepared solid particle, the conventionally prepared solid particle is same with at least one particle in the in-situ synthesized electrorheological fluid. the in-situ synthesized electrorheological fluid can avoid particles agglomeration, and has the advantages of good dispersibility and good settlement stability, but has the disadvantages of low preparation concentration and low damping force. The same types of conventionally prepared solid particle is added in the in-situ synthesized electrorheological fluid, so that concentration is increased, the in-situ synthesized electrorheological fluid and the conventionally prepared solid particle are uniformly mixed to obtain the complex formulation electrorheological fluid, the damping force of the complex formulation electrorheological fluid is effectively increased, and the complex formulation electrorheological fluid can be used in practical application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electro-rheologic fluid material field, be specifically related to the composite electrorheological fluid of electrorheological fluid prepared by a kind of giant electro-rheological liquid being synthesized by original position and ordinary method, the invention still further relates to the preparation method of this electrorheological fluid.
Background technology
Electrorheological fluid (Electrorheological Fluids is called for short ERF) is a kind of important intelligent material, in the transformer oil that is normally scattered in low-k by the solid particulate of high-k, low conductivity and the suspension system forming.It has the quality of controlled change, and its yielding stress, Young's modulus change with the variation of extra electric field.
Wherein giant electro-rheological liquid is to be scattered in by polarisable particle a kind of suspension forming in base fluid, when it is applied to electric field, and its viscosity, shearing resistance instantaneous variation, size is adjustable continuously, even reach several orders of magnitude, by low viscosity fluid, be transformed into high viscosity fluid, until solid.After electric field removes, it can return to fluid state in the time at millisecond again, thisly between between the attribute of liquid and solid, there is controlled, reversible, continuous transformation, can realize the controlled delivery of moment and stepless, the reversible control online of mechanism by electric field, thereby can replace traditional electromechanical conversion components and parts, at the adaptive control mechanism industrial circle of electromechanical integration, have a wide range of applications.In fields such as national defense construction, the vehicles, hydraulic efficiency installation, machinery manufacturing industry, sensor technologies, there is more wide application foundation and application demand especially.
But it is also less that estimated current becomes the practical application of liquid.Its basic reason is, the shearing resistance of at present nearly all giant electro-rheological liquid material is lower, poor stability, the dynamic property of giant electro-rheological liquid is studied rare report, giant electro-rheological liquid mechanism it be unclear that, giant electro-rheological liquid is not clear at the mechanical characteristic meeting under working condition, and control method demands perfection urgently, and cannot meet the especially application request of dynamic properties, good temperature and suspension stability of strong mechanical performance simultaneously.
Preparation method due to electrorheological fluid normally first prepares particulate simultaneously, again particulate is joined in base fluid, because the density difference between particulate and base fluid is larger, the stability of electrorheological fluid is the gordian technique of electrorheological fluid development, and its quality directly affects its use simultaneously.Meanwhile, this method can not be prepared nanoparticle oxidizable and that particle diameter is very little; Secondly, the nano-particle surface of preparing is understood passivation very soon, and surfactivity declines, have influence on and dispersion agent between interaction, be unfavorable for stable suspersion.
If publication No. is to disclose a kind of iron-based Nano composite granules of cladded type and the electrorheological fluid that dimethyl silicone oil is mixed with in a Chinese invention patent application < < electrorheological fluid and preparation method thereof the > > of CN 103224831 A, the first synthesis iron base nanoparticle of this technology, and it has been carried out to coated formation composite particles, improved to a certain extent the stability of nanoparticle, but iron-based nanoparticle is unavoidable generation passivation in preparation process, affect the effect of product, and preparation process is more complicated, processing condition are harsh, to large-scale application, brought certain difficulty.
The original position synthetic technology of development in recent years has solved the problems referred to above to a certain extent, and it is directly synthetic in base fluid, has avoided the reunion of particulate, good dispersity, and good stability, therefore its sedimentation stability is good, substantially just can not sedimentation.But it is on the low side to exist it to prepare concentration, the problem that damping force is low is larger apart from the distance of practical application.
Therefore, being badly in need of a kind of good stability can make again its concentration be large enough to practical requirement, the present invention utilizes the method for preparing electrorheological fluid in the method for solution situ synthetic surface decorated nanometer particulate to add together with original conventional preparation method just, can meet it and there is high stability, can meet high shearing resistance again, make its damping force reach demand.It had both had high stability, can meet high shearing resistance again, made its damping force reach demand, and concentration can, with the size of damping force, regulate continuously.
Summary of the invention
For deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of composite electrorheological fluid, there is high stability, can meet high shearing resistance again, the present invention simultaneously also provides the preparation method of this composite electrorheological fluid.
The present invention is solved by following technical proposals: a kind of composite electrorheological fluid; it is characterized in that; the electrorheological fluid that described composite electrorheological fluid is synthesized by least one original position is made after mixing with solia particle of at least one conventional preparation, and the particulate formation in the solia particle of the described conventional preparation electrorheological fluid synthetic with original position is identical.
The synthetic electrorheological fluid of original position has been avoided the reunion of particulate, good dispersity, and sedimentation stability is good, but has preparation concentration problem on the low side, causes damping force on the low side.In synthetic electrorheological fluid, add in position the solia particle of the same race of conventional preparation, improve its concentration, after evenly mixing, obtain composite electrorheological fluid, the damping force of this composite electrorheological fluid has obtained effective increase, can be applied in practical application.
As preferably, the synthetic electrorheological fluid of described original position is direct synthetic electrorheological fluid in the compound base fluid of Silicon-oil-based, has to take the titanyl particulate that nanometer titanyl particulate is core in described electrorheological fluid.And further, described titanyl particulate is outer through coated, or polar molecule modification, or the titanyl particulate of rare-earth-doped modification.
As preferably, the synthetic electrorheological fluid compound base fluid used of described original position is the compositional liquor of oxidized petroleum wax, fluorinated silicone oil, or the compositional liquor of oxidized petroleum wax, fluorinated silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil.Further, compound base fluid is the compositional liquor of volume fraction 30% oxidized petroleum wax and 70% fluorinated silicone oil, or the compositional liquor of volume fraction 30% oxidized petroleum wax, 30% fluorinated silicone oil, 40% dimethyl silicone oil, or the compositional liquor of volume fraction 30% oxidized petroleum wax, 20% fluorinated silicone oil, 50% dimethyl silicone oil.
The component proportion of suitable compound base fluid can guarantee the pattern rule of nanoparticle wherein, and microparticulate is good.
As preferably, in the synthetic electrorheological fluid of described original position, the massfraction of titanyl particulate is 20%.
As preferably, described composite electrorheological fluid also comprises tensio-active agent, and described tensio-active agent is the complexed surfactant that Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene are mixed with.
Add tensio-active agent reflex to join electrorheological fluid and prevent particulate reunion, improve performance and the stability of electrorheological fluid.
A preparation method for composite electrorheological fluid, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1) original position is synthesized titanyl electrorheological fluid; (2) ordinary method is prepared the identical solia particle of particulate in the electrorheological fluid synthetic with original position; (3) solia particle of the synthetic electrorheological fluid of original position being prepared with ordinary method mixes.
As preferably, the synthetic titanyl electrorheological fluid compound base fluid used of described original position is the compositional liquor of oxidized petroleum wax, fluorinated silicone oil, or the compositional liquor of oxidized petroleum wax, fluorinated silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil.
As preferably, in described composite electrorheological fluid, the weight ratio of titanyl particulate prepared by the synthetic titanyl particulate of original position and ordinary method is 1:0.2 ~ 1:1.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: composite electrorheological fluid good dispersity of the present invention, has overcome the drawback of original electrorheological fluid bad dispersibility; Part adopts the synthetic method of original position, has simplified technique, has avoided sneaking into of impurity simultaneously, affects product performance; Meanwhile, by the adjustment to original position synthetic technological condition, can realize the regulation and control of particle size, concentration; And composite electrorheological fluid of the present invention is easy to preserve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail: embodiment 1: original position is synthesized titanyl electrorheological fluid, step is as follows: (1) configuration composite reactive base fluid, and by volume this composite reactive base fluid of mark meter comprises 30% oxidized petroleum wax, 70% fluorinated silicone oil; (2) add tensio-active agent, described tensio-active agent is Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (TX10) complexed surfactant that 1:1 is mixed to form by volume, by this complexed surfactant, be 0.01% to add the composite reactive base fluid in step (1) to by volume, mix, after supersound process, obtain solution A; (3) step (2) gained solution A is added in reactor, then the nickle carbonoxide of mass ratio 10%, tetrabutyl titanate, Tween-80, hexanaphthene, propyl carbinol mixing solutions are injected to aforesaid reaction vessel, be heated to 120 ℃, 40 minutes reaction times obtained solution B;
(4) in solution B, inject ammoniacal liquor, after stirring, under the condition combining at alternating electric field (0.5 ~ 5kV), temperature field (20 ~ 150 ℃), reaction obtains described titanyl electrorheological fluid.
Conventional synthetic titanyl particulate, step is as follows: the tetrabutyl titanate that (1) gets 15g is dissolved in 45g dehydrated alcohol, with magnetic stirrer ultrasonic dispersion 10 minutes after 15 minutes, continues to stir 30 minutes; Obtain solution C; (2) glycerol that then measures 10g is dissolved in the dehydrated alcohol of 30g, with magnetic stirrer ultrasonic dispersion 10 minutes after 15 minutes, continues to stir 30 minutes; Obtain solution D; (3) D solution is poured in C solution, continued to stir 8 to reacting completely, stop stirring, normal temperature ageing 12 h, add a certain amount of washing with alcohol, and suction filtration washs 2-3 time; The particle that suction filtration is obtained is placed in the baking oven of 40 ℃, dry 72 h under air ambient; (4) with mortar, dried filter cake is pulverized, ground powder is continued in 40 ℃ of baking ovens to dry 24h, obtain conventional synthetic titanyl particulate.
The synthetic titanyl electrorheological fluid (concentration is 20%) of the above-mentioned original position titanyl particulate synthetic with routine compared and mixed for 4:3 by titanyl particle mass, obtain composite electrorheological fluid, this composite electrorheological fluid was stablized after 45 days, sedimentation stability is greater than 99.9%, substantially without sedimentation, its shearing resistance is 168kPa.
Embodiment 2:
Original position is synthesized titanyl electrorheological fluid, and step is as follows:
(1) configuration composite reactive base fluid, by volume this composite reactive base fluid of mark meter comprises 30% oxidized petroleum wax, 30% fluorinated silicone oil, 40% dimethyl silicone oil;
(2) add tensio-active agent, described tensio-active agent is Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (TX10) complexed surfactant that 1:1 is mixed to form by volume, by this complexed surfactant, be 0.3% to add the composite reactive base fluid in step (1) to by volume, mix, after supersound process, obtain solution A; (3) step (2) gained solution A is added in reactor, then the nickle carbonoxide of mass ratio 20%, tetrabutyl titanate, Tween-80, hexanaphthene, propyl carbinol mixing solutions are injected to aforesaid reaction vessel, be heated to 120 ℃, 80 minutes reaction times obtained solution B; (4) in solution B, inject ammoniacal liquor, after stirring, under the condition combining at alternating electric field (0.5 ~ 5kV), temperature field (20 ~ 150 ℃), reaction obtains described titanyl electrorheological fluid.
Conventional synthetic titanyl particulate, step is as follows: the tetrabutyl titanate that (1) gets 15g is dissolved in 45g dehydrated alcohol, with magnetic stirrer ultrasonic dispersion 10 minutes after 15 minutes, continues to stir 30 minutes; Obtain solution C; (2) glycerol that then measures 10g is dissolved in the dehydrated alcohol of 30g, with magnetic stirrer ultrasonic dispersion 10 minutes after 15 minutes, continues to stir 30 minutes; Obtain solution D; (3) D solution is poured in C solution, continued to stir 10 to reacting completely, stop stirring, normal temperature ageing 15 h, add a certain amount of washing with alcohol, and suction filtration washs 2-3 time; The particle that suction filtration is obtained is placed in the baking oven of 60 ℃, dry 48 h under air ambient; (4) with mortar, dried filter cake is pulverized, ground powder is continued in 60 ℃ of baking ovens to dry 24h, obtain conventional synthetic titanyl particulate.
The synthetic titanyl electrorheological fluid (concentration is 20%) of the above-mentioned original position titanyl particulate synthetic with routine compared and mixed for 1:1 by titanyl particle mass, add again 5% urea to modify titanyl particulate, obtain composite electrorheological fluid, this composite electrorheological fluid was stablized after 45 days, sedimentation stability is greater than 99.8%, substantially without sedimentation, its shearing resistance is 188kPa.
Embodiment 3: original position is synthesized titanyl electrorheological fluid, and step is as follows: (1) configuration composite reactive base fluid, and by volume this composite reactive base fluid of mark meter comprises 30% oxidized petroleum wax, 20% fluorinated silicone oil, 50% dimethyl silicone oil; (2) add tensio-active agent, described tensio-active agent is Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (TX10) complexed surfactant that 1:1 is mixed to form by volume, by this complexed surfactant, be 0.5% to add the composite reactive base fluid in step (1) to by volume, mix, after supersound process, obtain solution A; (3) step (2) gained solution A is added in reactor, again the nickle carbonoxide of mass ratio 30%, tetrabutyl titanate, Tween-80, hexanaphthene, propyl carbinol mixing solutions are injected to aforesaid reaction vessel, be heated to 120 ℃, 100 minutes reaction times obtained solution B; (4) in solution B, inject ammoniacal liquor, after stirring, under the condition combining at alternating electric field (0.5 ~ 5kV), temperature field (20 ~ 150 ℃), reaction obtains described titanyl electrorheological fluid.
Conventional synthetic titanyl particulate, step is as follows: (1) mixes 9ml water, 9g urea, 5g nitrocalcite, 40ml dehydrated alcohol, obtains mixed solution C after sonic oscillation; (2) 300ml dehydrated alcohol and 30g tetrabutyl titanate are mixed, and obtain mixed solution D after adding a small amount of glacial acetic acid and nitric acid; (3) mixed solution D is slowly splashed in mixed solution C under the condition of strong stirring; After standing, obtain white gels, by the gel drying obtaining, repeatedly alcohol wash washing after being dried, after being again dried, grinding and obtaining white powder is conventional synthetic titanyl particulate.
The synthetic titanyl electrorheological fluid (concentration is 20%) of the above-mentioned original position titanyl particulate synthetic with routine compared and mixed for 1:0.2 by titanyl particle mass, add again 10% glycerol to modify titanyl particulate, obtain composite electrorheological fluid, this composite electrorheological fluid was stablized after 45 days, sedimentation stability is greater than 99.8%, substantially without sedimentation, its shearing resistance is 208kPa.
Claims (9)
1. a composite electrorheological fluid; it is characterized in that; the electrorheological fluid that described composite electrorheological fluid is synthesized by least one original position is made after mixing with solia particle of at least one conventional preparation, and the particulate formation in the solia particle of the described conventional preparation electrorheological fluid synthetic with original position is identical.
2. a kind of composite electrorheological fluid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the synthetic electrorheological fluid of described original position is direct synthetic electrorheological fluid in the compound base fluid of Silicon-oil-based, has to take the titanyl particulate that nanometer titanyl particulate is core in described electrorheological fluid.
3. a kind of composite electrorheological fluid according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the synthetic electrorheological fluid compound base fluid used of described original position is the compositional liquor of oxidized petroleum wax, fluorinated silicone oil, or the compositional liquor of oxidized petroleum wax, fluorinated silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil.
4. a kind of composite electrorheological fluid according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the synthetic electrorheological fluid compound base fluid used of described original position is the compositional liquor of volume fraction 30% oxidized petroleum wax and 70% fluorinated silicone oil, or the compositional liquor of volume fraction 30% oxidized petroleum wax, 30% fluorinated silicone oil, 40% dimethyl silicone oil, or the compositional liquor of volume fraction 30% oxidized petroleum wax, 20% fluorinated silicone oil, 50% dimethyl silicone oil.
5. a kind of composite electrorheological fluid according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in the synthetic electrorheological fluid of described original position, the massfraction of titanyl particulate is 20%.
6. a kind of composite electrorheological fluid according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described composite electrorheological fluid also comprises tensio-active agent, and described tensio-active agent is the complexed surfactant that Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene are mixed with.
7. a preparation method for composite electrorheological fluid, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1) original position is synthesized titanyl electrorheological fluid; (2) ordinary method is prepared the identical solia particle of particulate in the electrorheological fluid synthetic with original position; (3) solia particle of the synthetic electrorheological fluid of original position being prepared with ordinary method mixes.
8. the preparation method of a kind of composite electrorheological fluid according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the synthetic titanyl electrorheological fluid compound base fluid used of described original position is the compositional liquor of oxidized petroleum wax, fluorinated silicone oil, or the compositional liquor of oxidized petroleum wax, fluorinated silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil.
9. the preparation method of a kind of composite electrorheological fluid according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in described composite electrorheological fluid, the weight ratio of titanyl particulate prepared by the synthetic titanyl particulate of original position and ordinary method is 1:0.2 ~ 1:1.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105733766A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-07-06 | 云南科威液态金属谷研发有限公司 | High-conductivity electrorheological fluid and preparing method thereof |
| CN108148655A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-12 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | A kind of anti-settling ER fluid and its control method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105733766A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-07-06 | 云南科威液态金属谷研发有限公司 | High-conductivity electrorheological fluid and preparing method thereof |
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| CN108148655A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-12 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | A kind of anti-settling ER fluid and its control method |
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