CN105718753B - A kind of matrix description of equipment test electromagnetic environment and verisimilitude appraisal procedure - Google Patents

A kind of matrix description of equipment test electromagnetic environment and verisimilitude appraisal procedure Download PDF

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CN105718753B
CN105718753B CN201610126215.7A CN201610126215A CN105718753B CN 105718753 B CN105718753 B CN 105718753B CN 201610126215 A CN201610126215 A CN 201610126215A CN 105718753 B CN105718753 B CN 105718753B
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electromagnetic
electromagnetic environment
environment
electronics
signal
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CN105718753A (en
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柯宏发
夏斌
祝冀鲁
王保顺
杜红梅
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PLA Equipment College
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/30—Circuit design
    • G06F30/36—Circuit design at the analogue level
    • G06F30/367—Design verification, e.g. using simulation, simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis [SPICE], direct methods or relaxation methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16Z—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G16Z99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2117/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the circuit design
    • G06F2117/08—HW-SW co-design, e.g. HW-SW partitioning

Abstract

The present invention relates to the matrix descriptions of equipment test electromagnetic environment and verisimilitude assessment technology field, a kind of matrix description of disclosed equipment test electromagnetic environment and verisimilitude appraisal procedure, it is assessed using the Approximation for converting the verisimilitude assessment of Battle Field Electromagnetic in matrix, to propose to portray the verisimilitude for recording electromagnetic environment using electromagnetic environment eigenmatrix grey relational grade, its step are as follows：Acquire the specific implementation that electromagnetic environment assesses the Influencing Mechanism of electronics, the characteristic parameter selection for experiment electromagnetic environment of fighting, the verisimilitude assessment models built using electromagnetic environment, the verisimilitude of electromagnetic environment；The present invention is to convert the verisimilitude evaluation problem of Battle Field Electromagnetic to the Approximation evaluation problem of matrix, to propose to portray the verisimilitude of electromagnetic environment using electromagnetic environment eigenmatrix grey relational grade.It is the operation experiment for specific electronics, builds the verisimilitude of Battle Field Electromagnetic, has more practical application meaning than existing its complexity of research.

Description

A kind of matrix description of equipment test electromagnetic environment and verisimilitude appraisal procedure
Technical field
The present invention relates to the matrix descriptions of equipment test electromagnetic environment and verisimilitude assessment technology field, more particularly to one kind The matrix description of equipment test electromagnetic environment and verisimilitude appraisal procedure.
Background technology
With the fast development and extensive use of information technology, " multiplication of the electronics as equipment architecture fight capability Device " has become military equipment most active in equipment architecture.Confrontation between systems based on information system has become information-based item A kind of main form of war under part, informationization, intelligent feature and its fusion characteristics to equipment architecture of electronics are right The experiment of electronics also proposed new requirement with identification, and the work in electronics actual combat environment is increasingly paid attention in countries in the world Fight test for identification, special requirement under operational environment true to nature fully, comprehensive assessment electronics fighting efficiency, Operational Suitability with And survival ability etc., to before deployment find the practical war fighting requirement of electronics in terms of there are the problem of and some it is important lack It falls into.
Actual combat demand is dig-inned, battlefield operational environment true to nature, especially Battle Field Electromagnetic are built, is that electronics are made The most key one of element in the precondition that war experiment must satisfy, and experiment scenario of fighting.Only meeting battlefield The assessment results such as electronics fighting efficiency, the Operational Suitability obtained under electromagnetic environment simulation verisimilitude requirement condition just have Certain directive significance, Battle Field Electromagnetic not true to nature enough design may destroy entire experiment of fighting.The country fills weapon The research of standby Complicated Electromagnetic Environment in Battlefield compatibility test and experiment of fighting is started late with practice, correspondingly to battlefield electromagnetism ring The construction method in border becomes the research hotspot of recent years with Journal of Sex Research true to nature.But the concern point set of current many achievements in research In in terms of the overall complexity assessment of electromagnetic environment, if Tang Shujuan is from being proposed based on game value the angle of operational exertion Electromagnetic environment complexity appraisal procedure, old row bravely etc. have inquired into Battle Field Electromagnetic complexity analyzing and the basic framework knot of assessment Structure, these achievements are not strong to the practical application specifically equipped, because same Battle Field Electromagnetic fills different weapons Standby, complexity is inconsistent, if the equipment is very strong for the adaptability of Battle Field Electromagnetic, Battle Field Electromagnetic Perhaps it is not just very complicated, if the electromagnetic environment adaptability of the equipment is not strong, perhaps Battle Field Electromagnetic just seems very multiple It is miscellaneous.
Invention content
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of matrix description and verisimilitude of equipment test electromagnetic environment Appraisal procedure is the Approximation evaluation problem for converting the verisimilitude evaluation problem of Battle Field Electromagnetic in matrix, to propose The verisimilitude of electromagnetic environment is portrayed using electromagnetic environment eigenmatrix grey relational grade.It is the operation for specific electronics Experiment, builds the verisimilitude of Battle Field Electromagnetic, has more practical application meaning than existing its complexity of research.
The present invention realizes the technical solution that above-mentioned purpose uses：
1, the matrix description and verisimilitude appraisal procedure of a kind of equipment test electromagnetic environment, using by Battle Field Electromagnetic Verisimilitude assessment is converted into the Approximation assessment of matrix, to propose to portray using electromagnetic environment eigenmatrix grey relational grade The verisimilitude of electromagnetic environment is recorded, its step are as follows：
1), Influencing Mechanism of the acquisition electromagnetic environment to electronics
1.1, acquisition and the relevant electronics systematic parameter of electromagnetic environment；
In the operation test for identification activity of electronics, electromagnetic environment " the propping up to electronics operational exertion of use Unfavorable electricity is avoided and overcome to the effect of support " and " limitation " two aspects to make full use of the advantage of electromagnetic environment, and Magnetic environment factor so that electronics play its fighting efficiency and Operational Suitability energy in Battle Field Electromagnetic；
Electronics are based on being divided into transmitter and receiver, the skill of electromagnetic environmental impact transmitter and receiver with frequency feature Art performance, electronics system emission parameter related with electromagnetic environment and reception parameter include：
1. working frequency section and bandwidth；
2. polarization of the e mode and corresponding antenna pattern；
3. signal system and format and information processing scheme；
4. output power of transmitter；
5. receiver sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio；
6. system reaction time；
1.2, electronics efficiency index related with electromagnetic environment is acquired
During electronics operation is tested, the fighting efficiency and Operational Suitability of equipment are fully assessed, it is necessary to right Propagation effect, equipment predict the adaptability of electromagnetic environment, to true to nature according to the feature construction of electromagnetic propagation environment Battle Field Electromagnetic；The evaluation index of electromagnetic environment includes following several involved in electronics operation experiment：
1.2.1 operating distance and covering spatial domain
The coverage area required according to operational exertion：Low latitude, high-altitude or underground, it is regional or global, select work frequency Section and corresponding channelling mode, according to the electromagnetic environment changing rule under channelling mode, by signal-to-noise ratio and receiver sensitivity institute It is required that minimal detectable power, the average maximum operating range that reaches of estimation equipment.
1.2.2 to the influence of equipment specific function
The characteristic information of various electronics specific functions, is nearly all influenced by the radio wave propagation of electromagnetic environment, to So that the system performance of equipment is affected, with the raising of electronics hardware device technical performance, influence to seem more It is prominent；Various electronics are as follows by the influence index of electromagnetic environment：
Communication, number pass the equipment function of equipment：Voice, picture and text, data, animation, electromagnetic environmental impact index：Information is held Amount, transmission success rate, transmission rate, number pass the bit error rate, fidelity and clarity；
The equipment function of track and localization equipment：Target elevation, the angle of depression, azimuth, distance, movement velocity, electromagnetic environment shadow Snap mark：Position success rate, position error, positioning time；
The equipment function of direction finding equipment：The Azimuth & Range information of unknown source, electromagnetic environmental impact index：Direction finding success Rate, direction finding precision, direction finding time；
The equipment function of command and control system：The collection of information and distribution, communication capacity, command and control ability, electromagnetism ring Border influence index：Communication distance, information rate, the bit error rate, information transmission time, information merge accuracy；
The equipment function of electronic counter-measures equipment：To the scouting of opponent's electronics, interference, attack and destruction and to one's own side The protection of system, electromagnetic environmental impact index：Reconniassance probability, probability of interference, signal interception time；
1.2.3 it can lead to time probability and reliability
Space medium channel is random time-varying channel, and it is to change at random to receive the amplitude of signal strength and phase characteristic Journey should investigate the statistical property of its short, medium and long phase, the i.e. variation of probability distribution and its average value or intermediate value respectively；Meanwhile being Ensure it is high can passband and high reliability electronics operational exertion performance, it is desirable that electronics are stayed during design is with use There are enough potentiality, be based on the small level of maximum probability, and consider influence of the worst electromagnetic environment to its operational exertion；
The classification of 1.3 pairs of electromagnetic environment signals is the technical foundation for studying electronics operation experiment electromagnetic environment structure And objective demand；And the research object for experiment of fighting is the electronics in electromagnetic environment, the structure of electromagnetic environment is Experimental condition fights the Characteristics to form electromagnetic environment according to both sides' electronics dense deployment and EW Equipment fierceness, Electromagnetic environment is divided into nonantagonistic electromagnetic environment and antagonism interferes electromagnetic environment；In order to analyze electromagnetic environment in operation experiment To being tested the influence of electronics, nonantagonistic electromagnetic environment is further divided into background electromagnetic signal environment and is equipped with frequency mutual Disturb ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE environment；The classification of electromagnetic environment function assesses specific implementation step more suitable for the verisimilitude of electromagnetic environment It is as follows：
It is impacted electronics working signal system and pattern first, followed by the ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE of background environment Type；Working system signal based on electronics, the electronics working time, workplace, the background in working frequency range Noise signal, from the same system of working signal, the civil equipment radiation signal of different systems, various electromagnetic interference signals and quiet Electricity, thunder and lightning various transient radiation signals, it is various with frequency equipment to disturb mutual interference ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE, the electronic countermeasure of both sides certainly electric Magnetic radiation signal regards the electromagnetic environment for influencing the electronics performance as；
Wherein, the ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE of consumer electronic device and natural ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE are referred to as background electromagnetic radiation letter Number；On Future Information battlefield, electronics are all into system, fight in a systematic manner, and electronics operation experiment is related to It to a variety of electronics, confronts with each other to both sides' electronics and forms electromagnetic environment, the electromagnetism ring faced is equipped frequently by probation Border be background electromagnetic radiation signal, it is various with frequency equip disturb certainly mutual interference ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE, both sides electronic countermeasure electromagnetism spoke Penetrate signal；The structure of electromagnetic environment is tested in the electronics operation, and ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE is confined to be tried out band electronic equipment Same working frequency range, working time, in workplace；
2) characteristic parameter selection for experiment electromagnetic environment of, fighting
Electronic countermeasure jamming signal type includes suppressing and cheating two major class, in electromagnetic environment classification, is retouched for being based on noise The electromagnetic environment stated, electronics must be embodied in three aspects by the impact effect of electromagnetic environment：1. destroying or reducing electricity The ability of son equipment detection target, this is the effect of compacting interference, with signal-to-noise ratio come quantitative description；2. electron equipment manufacturing is empty Decoy is mixed the spurious with the genuine, this is the effect of cheating interference, with the quantity of decoy come quantitative description；3. existing compacting interference effect Fruit, and have cheating interference effect, that is, first two interference effect combination, some advanced countermeasure sets can generate this simultaneously Two kinds of effects；
Influence of the electromagnetic environment to electronics performance, refers to that signal receives equipment, and equipment is received for signal, including： It determines that its signal receives demodulation ability, determines that the parameter that its signal receives demodulation ability is the signal-to-noise ratio received, it is represented The ratio of the signal strength and the noisiness with the signal that are indicated with power or energy on receiver；
Noise source also has outside electronics inside multiple noise sources, existing electronics, and form is not yet It is identical to the greatest extent；During electronics operation is tested, intentional interference signal is considered as a kind of noise signal, and determines to receive It is the signal-to-noise ratio received that machine signal, which receives the significant parameter of demodulation ability, investigates its signal and receives demodulation ability, interested All signals except signal all regard noise as；The noise include background electromagnetic radiation signal, it is various with frequency equipment from Disturb mutual interference ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE, both sides electronic countermeasure ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE；Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio and vacation that electronics receive Destination number carrys out in quantitative description operation experiment to influence the electromagnetic environment of electronics as two dimensional pointer space；
By signal-to-noise ratio and decoy amount equivalent at electronics reception antenna mouth face, it is close to correspond respectively to electromagnetic power Degree spectrum P (r0,t0) and electromagnetic signal density m0, cheating interference number of signals as per second, wherein
R in formula0To equip geographical location, t with frequency0For the field strength measurement time, n is a test frequency point number, needs to illustrate , the ∑ meaning in formula is the expression of fuzzy number in fuzzy mathematics；
For background electromagnetic environment, electromagnetic environment using being quantitatively described with power density spectrum, make by this electronics The structure degree true to nature of war experiment electromagnetic environment is based on the electromagnetic power density spectra and electricity at subject equipment reception antenna mouth face Magnetic signal density builds two dimensional pointer space { P (r0,t0), m0, utilize the electromagnetism ring of index space quantitative description subject equipment Border, and carry out subsequent verisimilitude analysis as environment characteristic parameters；Electromagnetic environment described in this two dimensional pointer space is only It is the electromagnetic environment of a geographical location point at subject equipment reception antenna mouth face, is the whole electricity in the residing battlefield of subject equipment Magnetic environment it is equivalent, also only have this equivalent environment influence subject Military Equipment Battling efficiency performance and Operational Suitability；
The different phase of process is tested corresponding to electronics operation, electromagnetic environment is also dynamic change therewith, according to The two dimensional pointer spatial description method of above-mentioned electromagnetic environment has the electromagnetic environment of entire operation experiment process to describe
The same above formula of the meaning of symbol ∑ in formula, k indicate that electronics operation experiment is divided into k sub-stage；
3), the verisimilitude assessment models built using electromagnetic environment
The verisimilitude of 3.1 electromagnetic environments is assessed：
According to formula (2), when the structure that electromagnetic environment is tested in electronics operation is divided into k sub-stage, then electromagnetic environment Two dimensional pointer spatial description method be converted into following matrix forms
Assume that the matrix form of electromagnetic environment residing for subject electronics future war is again
Then the verisimilitude evaluation problem of electromagnetic environment is converted into matrix XiAnd X0Approximation evaluation problem, electronics A kind of simulation of the structure of electromagnetic environment, emulation behavior, the assessment requirement for simulating degree true to nature determine matrix X in operation experimenti And X0Approximation should include two aspect connotation, first, matrix XiAnd X0Similarity degree, with the inverse of distance come table Show, indicates a kind of identical between the two or common degree measurement；Second is that matrix XiAnd X0Close to degree, representing matrix XiWith X0The correct degree that middle element is compared；And similarity is only capable of weighing the similarity degree of two matrix element broken lines geometrically, The correct degree that element is compared can not be measured, approach degree is weighed two matrix element broken lines in the degree of closeness in space, can not be located Therefore complex relationship when two matrix elements of reason are compared between part and entirety weighs square using similarity and approach degree synthesis Battle array XiAnd X0Approximation；
3.2, the first value processing of electromagnetic environment matrix
Known by the matrix form of electromagnetic environment, the amount of the first row electromagnetic power density spectra and the second row electromagnetic signal density Guiding principle is different, and its numerical value magnitude also differs larger, before carrying out matrix type grey correlation analysis, it is necessary to carry out electromagnetism ring The pretreatment of the nondimensionalization of border matrix；In addition, gray system thinks, all gray systems can weaken it by certain transformation Randomness and disturbance are impacted, highlight in it changing rule；Just value operator pre-processes electromagnetic environment matrix for selection；
Rewrite electromagnetic environment matrixAssuming that D is the first value operator of matrix, then claim
For matrix XiFirst value picture, h=1 in formula, 2, j=1,2 ..., k；
3.3, the grey correlation analysis model of electromagnetic environment matrix
As the standard electromagnetic environment matrix X for setting subject electronics0It is denoted as by first value processingElectromagnetism ring Border characteristic parameter electromagnetic power density spectra or electromagnetic signal density are in the coordinate of three dimensions Fight the electromagnetic environment matrix X built in testingl, l=1,2 ..., L is denoted as by first value processingElectromagnetic power Density spectra or electromagnetic signal density are in the coordinate of three dimensionsThus according to Euclidean distance formula, obtain (h, J) the distance between place's constructing environment characteristic parameter and standard environment characteristic parameter are
Remember againThen claim
Respectively three very big distances and three pole minimum distances；Very big distance and minimum distance reflect whole system to list The influence of a characteristic parameter correlation degree, embodies the holistic viewpoint of systematology；
According to the very big and minimum distance between constructing environment characteristic parameter and standard environment characteristic parameter come defined parameters Between incidence coefficient, then claim
Be constructed electromagnetic environment for the grey relation coefficient matrix of standard environment, ξ is resolution ratio in formula, take ξ= 0.5；
Assuming that the incidence coefficient weight at (h, j) is whj, claim
For the weight matrix of incidence coefficient, and have
Grey relation coefficient is focused, constructed true to nature journey of the electromagnetic environment relative to standard environment of experiment of fighting is obtained Degree is
4), the specific implementation mode of the verisimilitude assessment of electromagnetic environment：
A. the communications electronic warfare equipment used includes：Communication reconnaissance, the operation experiment of communication direction finding, Communication Jamming subsystem, Operation experiment process is to fight both sides to scout, interfere a dynamic process of mutual game, the dynamic process be decomposed into it is silent, Frequency range scouting, direction finding, interferes several stages at emphasis scouting, and each stage confrontation both sides use different Communication Countermeasures Tactics, The electromagnetic environment of different phase is caused also to be different；
B. the electromagnetic environment of the communications electronic warfare equipment operation experiment used, includes the allusion quotation of background of battlefield signal, fight opponents Type interference signal and its interference tactics application, require the above-mentioned different rank of correspondence in Combat scenario for the structure of electromagnetic environment Section finds out the boundary value of fight opponents interference signal based on intelligence support, according to " most harsh principle ", this is in verisimilitude analysis Standard environment；
C. in experiment implementation process of fighting, background signal simulator, entity radio station, signal of communication simulator is utilized to build The electromagnetic environment for experiment different phase of fighting, electric wave monitoring device are monitored experiment electromagnetic environment of fighting, and record communication is detectd Examine the electromagnetic power density spectra and electromagnetic signal density at equipment reception antenna；It fights and tests electromagnetic environment constructed by different phase The electromagnetic power density spectra of electromagnetic environment, unit are required with Combat scenario：DBm and electromagnetic signal density, unit：Number, wherein Roman is electromagnetic environment parameter required value, and italic is structure electromagnetic environment parameter value；
The mean field intensity values of background electromagnetic environment are -100dBm in operation is tested, then have Combat scenario electromagnetic environment to want The matrix form asked is
The matrix form for the constructed electromagnetic environment of experiment of fighting is
4.1, matrix grey correlation quantitative analysis
Above-mentioned two matrix is expressed as after carrying out just value processing
According to formula (6) to (8), have
Resolution ratio ξ=0.5 is taken in this formula, acquire structure electromagnetic environment is for the grey relation coefficient matrix of standard environment
When the relative importance of each grey relation coefficient is identical, then the power weight matrix such as have to be
To obtain fighting, the constructed electromagnetic environment of experiment is relative to the degree true to nature of Combat scenario requirement environment
R=r (X0,X1)=0.68255
By formula (9) it is found that the value range of grey relational grade r is [ξ/(1+ ξ), 1], in this formula as ξ=0.5, r's Value range is [0.3333,1], and structure electromagnetic environment requires the quantitative analysis knot of the degree true to nature of environment relative to Combat scenario Fruit shows that structure electromagnetic environment is undesirable relative to the similitude of Combat scenario requirement environment and the resultant effect of proximity；
4.2, the efficiency analysis of this method
Based on method for qualitative analysis, the electromagnetism of Combat scenario and experiment structure of fighting is made using SURF orders in MATLAB Corresponding curved surface after the just value processing of environment matrix；It intuitively observes, the corresponding curved surface of experiment structure electromagnetic environment of fighting and work The corresponding curved surface of scenario electromagnetic environment of fighting has larger difference, and property of coincideing is less desirable, that is, the constructed electromagnetism of experiment of fighting Environment is undesirable relative to the verisimilitude of standard environment；
Quantitative analysis results in summary and the qualitative analysis are very consistent, quantitative point based on matrix grey relational grade Analysis result can preferably reflect constructed true to nature degree of the electromagnetic environment relative to Combat scenario requirement environment of operation experiment, this is forced True property assessment is combined constructed electromagnetism with the qualitative analysis during actually fighting experiment using quantitative analysis results The degree true to nature of environment is effective, feasible.
Due to using technical solution as described above, the present invention that there is following superiority：
A kind of matrix description of equipment test electromagnetic environment and verisimilitude appraisal procedure, are by the true to nature of Battle Field Electromagnetic Property evaluation problem is converted into the Approximation evaluation problem of matrix, to propose using electromagnetic environment eigenmatrix grey relational grade come Portray the verisimilitude of electromagnetic environment.It is the operation experiment for specific electronics, builds the verisimilitude of Battle Field Electromagnetic, than Existing its complexity of research has more practical application meaning.
In conclusion the quantitative analysis results of this example and the qualitative analysis are very consistent, based on matrix grey relational grade Quantitative analysis results can preferably reflect constructed true to nature journey of the electromagnetic environment relative to Combat scenario requirement environment of operation experiment Degree, verisimilitude appraisal procedure proposed in this paper is effective, feasible.During actually fighting experiment, quantitative analysis results It is combined with the qualitative analysis, more strongly suggests the degree true to nature of constructed electromagnetic environment.
Description of the drawings
The electromagnetic environment classification chart of Fig. 1 electronics operations experiment.
The electromagnetic environment formation mechenism figure that Fig. 2 is confronted with each other based on electronics.
Fig. 3 Combat scenario electromagnetic environments describe surface chart.
Fig. 4 operations experiment structure electromagnetic environment describes surface chart.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1,2,3, 4, a kind of matrix description of equipment test electromagnetic environment and verisimilitude appraisal procedure, using general The verisimilitude evaluation problem of Battle Field Electromagnetic is converted into the Approximation evaluation problem of matrix, special using electromagnetic environment to propose Matrix grey relational grade is levied to portray the verisimilitude of electromagnetic environment, its step are as follows：
Influencing Mechanism of 1 electromagnetic environment to electronics
1.1 with the relevant electronics systematic parameter of electromagnetic environment
In the operation test for identification activity of electronics, it is necessary to study electromagnetic environment to electronics operational exertion The effect of " support " and " limitation " two aspect, to make full use of electromagnetic environment advantage and avoidance and overcome it is unfavorable Electromagnetic environment factor so that electronics most preferably play its fighting efficiency and Operational Suitability energy in Battle Field Electromagnetic. Electronics are based on that with frequency feature transmitter and receiver can be divided into, electromagnetic environmental impact transmitter and receiver it is technical Can, electronics system emission parameter related with electromagnetic environment and reception parameter have：
1. working frequency (section) and bandwidth；
2. polarization of the e mode and corresponding antenna pattern；
3. signal system and format and information processing scheme；
4. output power of transmitter；
5. receiver sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio；
6. system reaction time.
But influence of the Battle Field Electromagnetic to emission parameter is extremely limited, may mainly be embodied in the change of emission characteristics In change, electromagnetic environment mainly causes serious influence to receiving characteristic.
1.2 electronics efficiency indexs related with electromagnetic environment
Performance characterisitic, the fighting efficiency of electronics may have larger with the space-time characterisation of radio propagation environment Variation, this, which is not the averaging parameter of electronics design, to look after, in order to effectively play its fighting efficiency And Operational Suitability, it is necessary in depth grasp the characteristic of its propagation channel comprehensively.Currently, various countries' military department will all fight Environment is classified as the component part of weapon system, thus the important composition portion of radio propagation environment certainly national defense and military electronics Point.During electronics operation is tested, the fighting efficiency and Operational Suitability of equipment are fully assessed, it is necessary to be imitated to propagating It answers, equip and the adaptability etc. of electromagnetic environment is predicted, to according to the war true to nature of the feature construction of electromagnetic propagation environment Field electromagnetic environment.Probably there is following several the evaluation index of electromagnetic environment involved in electronics operation experiment.
1.2.1 operating distance and covering spatial domain
According to the coverage area (low latitude, high-altitude or underground, regional or global) that operational exertion requires, work frequency is selected Section and corresponding channelling mode, according to the electromagnetic environment changing rule under channelling mode, by signal-to-noise ratio and receiver sensitivity institute It is required that minimal detectable power, the average maximum operating range that can reach of estimation equipment.
1.2.2 to the influence of equipment specific function
The characteristic information of various specific function electronics, is nearly all influenced by the radio wave propagation of electromagnetic environment, to So that the system performance of equipment is affected, and in particular with the raising of electronics hardware device technical performance, this influence It will seem more prominent.Part electronics are as shown in table 1 by the influence index of electromagnetic environment.
The electromagnetic environmental impact index of 1 electronics of table
1.2.3 it can lead to time probability and reliability
Space medium channel is typically random time-varying channel, and amplitude and the phase characteristic for receiving signal strength are generally random Change procedure should investigate the statistical property of its short, medium and long phase, the i.e. variation of probability distribution and its average value or intermediate value respectively.Together When, for ensure it is high can passband and high reliability electronics operational exertion performance, it is desirable that electronics design with used There are enough potentiality in journey, be based on the small level of maximum probability, and consider the worst electromagnetic environment to its operational exertion It influences.
The classification of 1.3 electromagnetic environment signals and the mechanism of action
Classified to electromagnetic environment and described, is the technical foundation for studying electronics operation experiment electromagnetic environment structure And objective demand.Electromagnetic environment is divided into " severe is complicated ", " moderate is complicated " or " slight complicated " by many documents at present, this is pair A kind of whole situation description and the classification of Battle Field Electromagnetic, are not that substantial electromagnetic environment is classified, pass through this description Accurately the degree true to nature that electromagnetic environment is built can not be tested by assessment electronics Military Equipment Battling.Precisely, electromagnetic environmental impact Be that electronics itself are fought the decline of technical performance, so as to cause the decline of electronics fighting efficiency.And experiment of fighting Research object be the electronics in the electromagnetic environment, the structure of electromagnetic environment is experimental condition, so according to enemy and we Both sides' electronics dense deployment and EW Equipment fierceness are fought to form this Characteristics of electromagnetic environment, electromagnetic environment master It is divided into nonantagonistic electromagnetic environment and antagonism interference electromagnetic environment, as shown in Figure 1, the classification lays particular emphasis on the work(of electromagnetic environment Can, it is assessed more suitable for the verisimilitude of electromagnetic environment.In order to analyze fight experiment in electromagnetic environment to be tested electronics shadow It rings, nonantagonistic electromagnetic environment is further divided into background electromagnetic signal environment and equips mutual interference ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE ring with frequency Border.
As seen from Figure 1, the foundation of electromagnetic environment classification herein is impacted electronics working signal body first System and pattern, followed by the ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE type of background environment.Working system signal based on electronics, electronics dress The standby working time, workplace, the ambient noise signal in working frequency range, from the same system of working signal, different systems it is civilian Radiation of equipment signal, various electromagnetic interference signals and electrostatic, thunder and lightning various transient radiation signals, it is various with frequency equipment from Mutual interference ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE, electronic countermeasure ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE between ourselves and the enemy are disturbed, regarding as influences the electronics performance Electromagnetic environment, the wherein ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE of consumer electronic device and natural ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE may be collectively referred to as background electromagnetic spoke Penetrate signal.
On Future Information battlefield, electronics are all into system, fight in a systematic manner, electronics operation examination It tests and is related to a variety of electronics, confront with each other to my both sides' electronics and form electromagnetic environment, as shown in Fig. 2, by trying out Frequently it is background electromagnetic radiation signal, various disturbing mutual interference ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE certainly, oppose with frequency equipment to equip the electromagnetic environment that faces The electronic countermeasure ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE of my both sides.It should be pointed out that electronics operation experiment electromagnetic environment is discussed herein Structure, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE are confined to be tried out the same working frequency range of band electronic equipment, working time, in workplace.
2, which fight, tests the characteristic parameter selection of electromagnetic environment
The most basic jamming signal type of electronic countermeasure is exactly two major class of compacting and deception, electromagnetic environment shown in Fig. 1 classification In, although interference signal type and quantity are varied, for the electromagnetic environment described based on noise, electronics are by electricity The impact effect of magnetic environment must be embodied in three aspects：1. destroying or reducing the ability of electronics detection target, this is pressure The effect for making interference, can be with signal-to-noise ratio come quantitative description；2. electron equipment manufacturing false target, mixes the spurious with the genuine, this is to take advantage of The effect of interference is deceived, it can be with the quantity of decoy come quantitative description；3. existing compacting interference effect, and have cheating interference effect Fruit, that is, first two interference effect combination, some advanced countermeasure sets can generate both effects simultaneously.
Influence of the electromagnetic environment to electronics performance is discussed, usually refers to more that signal receives equipment, simple electricity Sub- jamming equipment originally experience electromagnetic environment influence it is smaller.Signal is received and is equipped, although the signal strength received is one A important parameter, but be not to determine that its signal receives unique important parameter of demodulation ability.Determine that its signal receives demodulation energy The real significant parameter of power is the signal-to-noise ratio received, it represents the signal usually indicated with power or energy on receiver The ratio of intensity and the noisiness with the signal.
Noise source also has outside electronics inside multiple noise sources, existing electronics, and form is not yet It is identical to the greatest extent.During electronics operation is tested, to being believed with frequency equipment signal, jamming emitter on some test frequency point Number, electromagnetic environment signal carry out effectively distinguish be highly difficult.Since the intentional interference signal in electronic warfare is considered A kind of noise signal, and it is the signal-to-noise ratio received to determine that receiver signal receives the real significant parameter of demodulation ability, It investigates its signal and receives demodulation ability, usually correctly idea is that all signals except signal of interest all regard noise as. Certain noise includes background electromagnetic radiation signal, various disturbs mutual interference ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE, between ourselves and the enemy certainly with what frequency was equipped Electronic countermeasure ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE.Therefore, signal-to-noise ratio that electronics receive and decoy quantity can be used as two dimension Index space carrys out in quantitative description operation experiment to influence the electromagnetic environment of electronics.
By signal-to-noise ratio and decoy amount equivalent at electronics reception antenna mouth face, it is close to correspond respectively to electromagnetic power Degree spectrum P (r0,t0) and electromagnetic signal density m0(being cheating interference number of signals per second), wherein
R in formula0To equip geographical location, t with frequency0For the field strength measurement time, n is a test frequency point number.It needs to illustrate , the ∑ in formula do not indicate that the meaning of summation, the meaning of the expression formula are the expression of fuzzy number in fuzzy mathematics.
For background electromagnetic environment, electromagnetic environment only need with power density spectrum can quantitative description, be considered as It is a kind of special case of interference environment.Therefore, the structure degree true to nature of electronics operation experiment electromagnetic environment is discussed herein, is based on Electromagnetic power density spectra at subject equipment reception antenna mouth face and electromagnetic signal density structure two dimensional pointer space { P (r0,t0), m0, using the electromagnetic environment of index space quantitative description subject equipment, and it is subsequent true to nature as environment characteristic parameters progress Property analysis.It should be noted that electromagnetic environment described in this two dimensional pointer space is only tested equipment reception antenna mouth face The electromagnetic environment of one geographical location point at place is the equivalent of the whole electromagnetic environment in the residing battlefield of subject equipment, inherently For, also only have this equivalent environment to influence performance and the Operational Suitability of subject Military Equipment Battling efficiency.
The different phase of process is tested corresponding to electronics operation, electromagnetic environment is also dynamic change therewith, according to The two dimensional pointer spatial description method of above-mentioned electromagnetic environment can have the electromagnetic environment of entire operation experiment process to describe
The same above formula of the meaning of symbol ∑ in formula, k indicate that electronics operation experiment can be divided into k sub-stage.
The verisimilitude assessment models of 3 electromagnetic environments structure
The verisimilitude of 3.1 electromagnetic environments is assessed：
According to formula (2), it is assumed that the structure of electronics operation experiment electromagnetic environment can be divided into k sub-stage, then electric The two dimensional pointer spatial description method of magnetic environment can be converted into following matrix forms
Assume that the matrix form of electromagnetic environment residing for subject electronics future war is again
Then the verisimilitude evaluation problem of electromagnetic environment is converted into matrix XiAnd X0Approximation evaluation problem.Electronics A kind of simulation of the structure of electromagnetic environment, emulation behavior, the assessment requirement for simulating degree true to nature determine matrix X in operation experimenti And X0Approximation should include two aspect connotation, first, matrix XiAnd X0Similarity degree, generally with the inverse of distance come It indicates, indicates a kind of identical between the two or common degree measurement；Second is that matrix XiAnd X0Close to degree, representing matrix Xi And X0The correct degree that middle element is compared.But similarity is only capable of weighing the similar journey of two matrix element broken lines geometrically Degree, can not measure the correct degree that element is compared, and approach degree two matrix element broken lines of measurement, can not in the degree of closeness in space Complex relationship when two matrix elements of processing are compared between part and entirety, therefore, it should be integrated using similarity and approach degree Weigh matrix XiAnd X0Approximation, document [15] propose matrix type grey correlation analysis technology provide a new approaches.
The first value of 3.2 electromagnetic environment matrixes is handled
Its first row electromagnetic power density spectra and the second row electromagnetism letter it can be seen from the matrix description form of electromagnetic environment The dimension of number density is different, and its numerical value magnitude may also differ larger, before carrying out matrix type grey correlation analysis, It must carry out the pretreatments such as the nondimensionalization of electromagnetic environment matrix.In addition, gray system thinks, all gray systems can pass through Certain transformation weakens its randomness and disturbance is impacted, highlight in it changing rule.Select first value operator to electromagnetism herein Environment matrix is pre-processed.
Rewrite electromagnetic environment matrixAssuming that D is the first value operator of matrix, then claim
For matrix XiFirst value picture, h=1 in formula, 2, j=1,2 ..., k.
The grey correlation analysis model of 3.3 electromagnetic environment matrixes
If being tested the standard electromagnetic environment matrix X of electronics0It is denoted as by first value processingElectromagnetic environment Characteristic parameter electromagnetic power density spectra or electromagnetic signal density are in the coordinate of three dimensionsMake The electromagnetic environment matrix X built in war experimentl, l=1,2 ..., L is denoted as by first value processingElectromagnetic power is close Degree spectrum or electromagnetic signal density are in the coordinate of three dimensionsThus according to Euclidean distance formula, can obtain The distance between constructing environment characteristic parameter and standard environment characteristic parameter are at (h, j)
Remember againThen claim
Respectively three very big distances and three pole minimum distances.Very big distance and minimum distance reflect whole system to list The influence of a characteristic parameter correlation degree, embodies the holistic viewpoint of systematology.
Basic thought of this section based on the general degree of association, according to constructing environment characteristic parameter and standard environment characteristic parameter it Between very big and minimum distance carry out the incidence coefficient between defined parameters, then claim
It is constructed electromagnetic environment for the grey relation coefficient matrix of standard environment, ξ is resolution ratio in formula, usually takes ξ =0.5.
Assuming that the incidence coefficient weight at (h, j) is whj, claim
For the weight matrix of incidence coefficient, and have
Grey relation coefficient is focused, constructed true to nature journey of the electromagnetic environment relative to standard environment of experiment of fighting is obtained Degree is
The verisimilitude evaluation contents of 4 electromagnetic environments
The operation of certain type communications electronic warfare equipment (including communication reconnaissance, communication direction finding, Communication Jamming subsystem) is tested, experiment Process is a dynamic process for fighting both sides and scouting, interfere mutual game, this process can be decomposed into silent, frequency range and detect Examine, emphasis scouting, direction finding, several stages such as interference, each stage confrontation both sides use different Communication Countermeasures Tactics, cause The electromagnetic environment of different phase is also different.
The electromagnetic environment of certain type communications electronic warfare equipment operation experiment includes the typical interference of background of battlefield signal, fight opponents Signal and its interference tactics application, require the correspondence above-mentioned different stage for the structure of electromagnetic environment in Combat scenario, are based on Intelligence support, the boundary value that fight opponents interference signal is found out according to " most harsh principle ", this is in the analysis of this paper verisimilitudes Standard environment.In experiment implementation process of fighting, background signal simulator, entity radio station, signal of communication simulator is utilized to build The electromagnetic environment for experiment different phase of fighting, electric wave monitoring device are monitored experiment electromagnetic environment of fighting, and record communication is detectd Examine the electromagnetic power density spectra and electromagnetic signal density at equipment reception antenna.It fights and tests electromagnetic environment constructed by different phase Electromagnetic power density spectra (the unit of electromagnetic environment is required with Combat scenario：) and electromagnetic signal density (unit dBm：Number) such as table Shown in 2, wherein roman is electromagnetic environment parameter required value, and italic is structure electromagnetic environment parameter value.
2 electromagnetic environment characterising parameter value of table
Assume that the mean field intensity values of background electromagnetic environment in operation experiment are -100dBm again, then has Combat scenario electromagnetism ring Border require matrix form be
The matrix form for the constructed electromagnetic environment of experiment of fighting is
4.1 matrix grey correlation quantitative analyses
Above-mentioned two matrix is expressed as after carrying out just value processing
According to formula (6) to (8), have
Resolution ratio ξ=0.5 is taken in this example, it can be in the hope of structure electromagnetic environment for the grey relation coefficient square of standard environment Battle array be
Assuming that the relative importance of each grey relation coefficient is identical, then the power weight matrix such as have to be
To obtain fighting, the constructed electromagnetic environment of experiment is relative to the degree true to nature of Combat scenario requirement environment
R=r (X0,X1)=0.68255
By formula (9) it is found that the value range of grey relational grade r is [ξ/(1+ ξ), 1], in this example as ξ=0.5, r's Value range is [0.3333,1], and structure electromagnetic environment requires the quantitative analysis knot of the degree true to nature of environment relative to Combat scenario Fruit shows that structure electromagnetic environment is undesirable relative to the similitude of Combat scenario requirement environment and the resultant effect of proximity.
The efficiency analysis of 4.2 methods
Based on method for qualitative analysis, the electromagnetism of Combat scenario and experiment structure of fighting is drawn using SURF orders in MATLAB Corresponding curved surface is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 after the just value processing of environment matrix.Intuitively, experiment of fighting builds electromagnetic environment pair The curved surface answered curved surface corresponding with Combat scenario electromagnetic environment has larger difference, and property of coincideing is less desirable, that is to say, that The constructed electromagnetic environment of experiment of fighting is undesirable relative to the verisimilitude of standard environment.
In conclusion the quantitative analysis results of this example and the qualitative analysis are very consistent, based on matrix grey relational grade Quantitative analysis results can preferably reflect constructed true to nature journey of the electromagnetic environment relative to Combat scenario requirement environment of operation experiment Degree, verisimilitude appraisal procedure proposed in this paper is effective, feasible.During actually fighting experiment, quantitative analysis results It is combined with the qualitative analysis, more strongly suggests the degree true to nature of constructed electromagnetic environment.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of matrix description of equipment test electromagnetic environment and verisimilitude appraisal procedure, it is characterized in that：Using by battlefield electromagnetism The verisimilitude assessment of environment is converted into the Approximation assessment of matrix, to propose to utilize electromagnetic environment eigenmatrix grey relational grade Come portray record electromagnetic environment verisimilitude, its step are as follows：
1), Influencing Mechanism of the acquisition electromagnetic environment to electronics
1.1, acquisition and the relevant electronics systematic parameter of electromagnetic environment；
In the operation test for identification activity of electronics, the electromagnetic environment of use to " support " of electronics operational exertion and Unfavorable electromagnetism ring is avoided and overcome to the effect of " limitation " two aspects to make full use of the advantage of electromagnetic environment, and Border factor so that electronics play its fighting efficiency and Operational Suitability energy in Battle Field Electromagnetic；
Electronics are based on being divided into transmitter and receiver with frequency feature, electromagnetic environmental impact transmitter and receiver it is technical Can, electronics system emission parameter related with electromagnetic environment and reception parameter include：
1. working frequency section and bandwidth；
2. polarization of the e mode and corresponding antenna pattern；
3. signal system and format and information processing scheme；
4. output power of transmitter；
5. receiver sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio；
6. system reaction time；
1.2, electronics efficiency index related with electromagnetic environment is acquired
During electronics operation is tested, the fighting efficiency and Operational Suitability of equipment are fully assessed, it is necessary to propagating Effect, equipment predict the adaptability of electromagnetic environment, to according to the war true to nature of the feature construction of electromagnetic propagation environment Field electromagnetic environment；The evaluation index of electromagnetic environment includes following several involved in electronics operation experiment：
1.2.1 operating distance and covering spatial domain
The coverage area required according to operational exertion：Low latitude, high-altitude or underground, it is regional or global, select working frequency range and Corresponding channelling mode, according to the electromagnetic environment changing rule under channelling mode, required by signal-to-noise ratio and receiver sensitivity Minimal detectable power, the average maximum operating range that reaches of estimation equipment；
1.2.2 to the influence of equipment specific function
The characteristic information of various electronics specific functions, is nearly all influenced by the radio wave propagation of electromagnetic environment, so that The system performance of equipment is affected, and with the raising of electronics hardware device technical performance, influences to seem more prominent； Various electronics are as follows by the influence index of electromagnetic environment：
Communication, number pass the equipment function of equipment：Voice, picture and text, data, animation, electromagnetic environmental impact index：Information capacity, biography Defeated success rate, transmission rate, number pass the bit error rate, fidelity and clarity；
The equipment function of track and localization equipment：Target elevation, the angle of depression, azimuth, distance, movement velocity, electromagnetic environmental impact refer to Mark：Position success rate, position error, positioning time；
The equipment function of direction finding equipment：The Azimuth & Range information of unknown source, electromagnetic environmental impact index：Direction finding success rate is surveyed To precision, direction finding time；
The equipment function of command and control system：The collection of information and distribution, communication capacity, command and control ability, electromagnetic environment shadow Snap mark：Communication distance, information rate, the bit error rate, information transmission time, information merge accuracy；
The equipment function of electronic counter-measures equipment：To the scouting of opponent's electronics, interference, attack and destruction and to one's own side's system Protection, electromagnetic environmental impact index：Reconniassance probability, probability of interference, signal interception time；
1.2.3 it can lead to time probability and reliability
Space medium channel is random time-varying channel, and the amplitude and phase characteristic for receiving signal strength are random change procedure, are answered The statistical property of its short, medium and long phase, the i.e. variation of probability distribution and its average value or intermediate value are investigated respectively；Meanwhile it is high to ensure Can passband and high reliability electronics operational exertion performance, it is desirable that electronics design with use during there are enough Potentiality, be based on the small level of maximum probability, and consider influence of the worst electromagnetic environment to its operational exertion；
The classification of 1.3 pairs of electromagnetic environment signals is technical foundation and the visitor for studying electronics operation experiment electromagnetic environment structure Sight demand；And the research object for experiment of fighting is the electronics in electromagnetic environment, the structure of electromagnetic environment is only tested Condition fights the Characteristics to form electromagnetic environment according to both sides' electronics dense deployment and EW Equipment fierceness, electricity Magnetic environment is divided into nonantagonistic electromagnetic environment and antagonism interference electromagnetic environment；In order to analyze fight experiment in electromagnetic environment to quilt The influence of electronics is tried, nonantagonistic electromagnetic environment is further divided into background electromagnetic signal environment and equips mutual interference electricity with frequency Magnetic radiation signal environment；The classification of electromagnetic environment function assesses specific implementation step such as more suitable for the verisimilitude of electromagnetic environment Under：
It is impacted electronics working signal system and pattern first, followed by the ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE class of background environment Type；Working system signal based on electronics, the electronics working time, workplace, the background in working frequency range are made an uproar Acoustical signal, from the same system of working signal, the civil equipment radiation signal of different systems, various electromagnetic interference signals and electrostatic, The various transient radiation signals of thunder and lightning, it is various with frequency equipment disturb certainly mutual interference ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE, both sides electronic countermeasure electromagnetism Radiation signal regards the electromagnetic environment for influencing the electronics performance as；
Wherein, the ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE of consumer electronic device and natural ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE are referred to as background electromagnetic radiation signal； On Future Information battlefield, electronics are all into system, fight in a systematic manner, and electronics operation experiment is related to more Kind of electronics, confront with each other to both sides' electronics and form electromagnetic environment, are equipped the electromagnetic environment faced frequently by probation and are Background electromagnetic radiation signal, it is various with frequency equipment disturb certainly mutual interference ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE, both sides electronic countermeasure electromagnetic radiation believe Number；The structure of electromagnetic environment is tested in the electronics operation, and ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE is confined to be tried out the same of band electronic equipment Working frequency range, working time, in workplace；
2) characteristic parameter selection for experiment electromagnetic environment of, fighting
Electronic countermeasure jamming signal type includes suppressing and cheating two major class, in electromagnetic environment classification, for what is described based on noise Electromagnetic environment, electronics must be embodied in three aspects by the impact effect of electromagnetic environment：1. destroying or reducing electronics dress The ability of standby detection target, this is the effect of compacting interference, with signal-to-noise ratio come quantitative description；2. electron equipment manufacturing falseness mesh Mark, mixes the spurious with the genuine, this is the effect of cheating interference, with the quantity of decoy come quantitative description；3. existing compacting interference effect, again There are cheating interference effect, that is, the combination of first two interference effect, some advanced countermeasure sets can generate both simultaneously Effect；
Influence of the electromagnetic environment to electronics performance, refers to that signal receives equipment, and equipment is received for signal, including：It determines Its signal receives demodulation ability, determines that the parameter that its signal receives demodulation ability is the signal-to-noise ratio received, it represents reception The ratio of the signal strength and the noisiness with the signal that are indicated with power or energy on machine；
Noise source also has outside electronics inside multiple noise sources, existing electronics, form also phase not to the utmost Together；During electronics operation is tested, intentional interference signal is considered as a kind of noise signal, and determines that receiver is believed It is the signal-to-noise ratio received number to receive the significant parameter of demodulation ability, investigates its signal and receives demodulation ability, signal of interest Except all signals all regard noise as；The noise includes background electromagnetic radiation signal, various disturbing certainly mutually with frequency equipment Disturb ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE, both sides electronic countermeasure ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION SIGNATURE；Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio and decoy that electronics receive Quantity carrys out in quantitative description operation experiment to influence the electromagnetic environment of electronics as two dimensional pointer space；
By signal-to-noise ratio and decoy amount equivalent at electronics reception antenna mouth face, electromagnetic power density spectra is corresponded respectively to P(r0,t0) and electromagnetic signal density m0, cheating interference number of signals as per second, wherein
R in formula0To equip geographical location, t with frequency0For the field strength measurement time, n is a test frequency point number, needs to illustrate It is that the ∑ meaning in formula is the expression of fuzzy number in fuzzy mathematics；
For background electromagnetic environment, electromagnetic environment is quantitatively described using power density spectrum, this electronics operation experiment The structure degree true to nature of electromagnetic environment is based on the electromagnetic power density spectra and electromagnetic signal at subject equipment reception antenna mouth face Density builds two dimensional pointer space { P (r0,t0), m0, using the electromagnetic environment of index space quantitative description subject equipment, and Subsequent verisimilitude analysis is carried out as environment characteristic parameters；Electromagnetic environment described in this two dimensional pointer space is only tested The electromagnetic environment for equipping a geographical location point at reception antenna mouth face is the whole electromagnetic environment in the residing battlefield of subject equipment It is equivalent, also only have this equivalent environment influence subject Military Equipment Battling efficiency performance and Operational Suitability；
The different phase of process is tested corresponding to electronics operation, electromagnetic environment is also dynamic change therewith, according to above-mentioned The two dimensional pointer spatial description method of electromagnetic environment has the electromagnetic environment of entire operation experiment process to describe
The meaning of symbol ∑ is the expression of fuzzy number in fuzzy mathematics in formula, and k indicates that electronics operation experiment is divided into k sub- ranks Section；
3), the verisimilitude assessment models built using electromagnetic environment
The verisimilitude of 3.1 electromagnetic environments is assessed：
According to formula (2), when the structure that electromagnetic environment is tested in electronics operation is divided into k sub-stage, then the two of electromagnetic environment Dimension indicator spatial description method is converted into following matrix forms
Assume that the matrix form of electromagnetic environment residing for subject electronics future war is again
Then the verisimilitude evaluation problem of electromagnetic environment is converted into matrix XiAnd X0Approximation evaluation problem, electronics operation Electromagnetic environment in experiment is built into a kind of simulation, emulation behavior, and the assessment requirement for simulating degree true to nature determines matrix XiAnd X0 Approximation should include two aspect connotation, first, matrix XiAnd X0Similarity degree, indicated with the inverse of distance, table Show a kind of identical between the two or common degree measurement；Second is that matrix XiAnd X0Close to degree, representing matrix XiAnd X0Middle member The correct degree that element is compared；And similarity is only capable of weighing the similarity degree of two matrix element broken lines geometrically, no law The correct degree that amount element is compared, approach degree weigh two matrix element broken lines in the degree of closeness in space, can not handle two Therefore complex relationship when matrix element is compared between part and entirety weighs matrix X using similarity and approach degree synthesisiAnd X0 Approximation；
3.2, the first value processing of electromagnetic environment matrix
Known by the matrix form of electromagnetic environment, the dimension of the first row electromagnetic power density spectra and the second row electromagnetic signal density is not Equally, and its numerical value magnitude also differs larger, before carrying out matrix type grey correlation analysis, it is necessary to carry out electromagnetic environment square The pretreatment of the nondimensionalization of battle array；In addition, gray system thinks, it is random that all gray systems can weaken it by certain transformation Property and disturbance impact, highlight in it changing rule；Just value operator pre-processes electromagnetic environment matrix for selection；
Rewrite electromagnetic environment matrixAssuming that D is the first value operator of matrix, then claim
For matrix XiFirst value picture, h=1 in formula, 2, j=1,2 ..., k；
3.3, the grey correlation analysis model of electromagnetic environment matrix
As the standard electromagnetic environment matrix X for setting subject electronics0It is denoted as by first value processingElectromagnetic environment is special Sign parameter electromagnetic power density spectra or electromagnetic signal density are in the coordinate of three dimensions（h,j,ahj 0）;h=1,2,j=1,2,…, k;Fight the electromagnetic environment matrix X built in testingl, l=1,2 ..., L is denoted as by first value processingElectromagnetic work Rate density spectra or electromagnetic signal density are in the coordinate of three dimensionsThus according to Euclidean distance formula, obtain The distance between constructing environment characteristic parameter and standard environment characteristic parameter are at (h, j)
Remember againThen claim
Respectively three very big distances and three pole minimum distances；Very big distance and minimum distance reflect whole system to single special The influence for levying parameter association degree, embodies the holistic viewpoint of systematology；
According to the very big and minimum distance between constructing environment characteristic parameter and standard environment characteristic parameter come between defined parameters Incidence coefficient, then claim
It is constructed electromagnetic environment for the grey relation coefficient matrix of standard environment, ξ is resolution ratio in formula, takes ξ=0.5；
Assuming that the incidence coefficient weight at (h, j) is whj, claim
For the weight matrix of incidence coefficient, and have
Grey relation coefficient is focused, obtain the constructed electromagnetic environment of operation experiment is relative to the degree true to nature of standard environment
4), the specific implementation mode of the verisimilitude assessment of electromagnetic environment：
A. the communications electronic warfare equipment used includes：Communication reconnaissance, the operation experiment of communication direction finding, Communication Jamming subsystem, the work War experiment process is a dynamic process for fighting both sides and scouting, interfere mutual game, which is decomposed into silent, frequency range Scouting, direction finding, interferes several stages at emphasis scouting, and each stage confrontation both sides use different Communication Countermeasures Tactics, cause The electromagnetic environment of different phase is also different；
B. the electromagnetic environment of the communications electronic warfare equipment operation experiment used, including the typical case of background of battlefield signal, fight opponents are dry Signal and its interference tactics application are disturbed, corresponding above-mentioned different stage, base are required for the structure of electromagnetic environment in Combat scenario In intelligence support, the boundary value of fight opponents interference signal is found out according to " most harsh principle ", this is the mark in verisimilitude analysis Quasi；
C. in experiment implementation process of fighting, background signal simulator, entity radio station, signal of communication simulator structure is utilized to fight The electromagnetic environment of different phase is tested, electric wave monitoring device is monitored experiment electromagnetic environment of fighting, record communication reconnaissance dress Electromagnetic power density spectra at standby reception antenna and electromagnetic signal density；It fights and tests electromagnetic environment constructed by different phase and make Scenario of fighting requires the electromagnetic power density spectra of electromagnetic environment, unit：DBm and electromagnetic signal density, unit：Number, wherein roman For electromagnetic environment parameter required value, italic is structure electromagnetic environment parameter value；
The mean field intensity values of background electromagnetic environment are -100dBm in operation is tested, then have Combat scenario electromagnetic environment requirements Matrix form is
The matrix form for the constructed electromagnetic environment of experiment of fighting is
4.1, matrix grey correlation quantitative analysis
Above-mentioned two matrix is expressed as after carrying out just value processing
According to formula (6) to (8), have
Resolution ratio ξ=0.5 is taken in this formula, acquire structure electromagnetic environment is for the grey relation coefficient matrix of standard environment
When the relative importance of each grey relation coefficient is identical, then the power weight matrix such as have to be
To obtain fighting, the constructed electromagnetic environment of experiment is relative to the degree true to nature of Combat scenario requirement environment
R=r (X0,X1)=0.68255
By formula (9) it is found that the value range of grey relational grade r is [ξ/(1+ ξ), 1], in this formula as ξ=0.5, the value of r Ranging from [0.3333,1], structure electromagnetic environment require the quantitative analysis results table of the degree true to nature of environment relative to Combat scenario Bright, structure electromagnetic environment is undesirable relative to the similitude of Combat scenario requirement environment and the resultant effect of proximity；
4.2, the efficiency analysis of this method
Based on method for qualitative analysis, the electromagnetic environment of Combat scenario and experiment structure of fighting is made using SURF orders in MATLAB Corresponding curved surface after matrix just value processing；It intuitively observes, the corresponding curved surface of experiment structure electromagnetic environment of fighting is thought with operation Determining the corresponding curved surface of electromagnetic environment has larger difference, and property of coincideing is less desirable, that is, the constructed electromagnetic environment of experiment of fighting Verisimilitude relative to standard environment is undesirable；
Quantitative analysis results in summary and the qualitative analysis are very consistent, the quantitative analysis knot based on matrix grey relational grade Fruit can preferably reflect constructed true to nature degree of the electromagnetic environment relative to Combat scenario requirement environment of operation experiment, the verisimilitude Assessment is combined constructed electromagnetic environment with the qualitative analysis during actually fighting experiment using quantitative analysis results Degree true to nature be effective, feasible.
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