CN105718514B - A kind of remote sensing image multiband independent assortment rendering method based on WEB - Google Patents
A kind of remote sensing image multiband independent assortment rendering method based on WEB Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of, and rendering method is freely combined in the remote sensing image multiband based on WEB.The method include the steps that 1) server end generates remotely-sensed data mark according to the attribute information of remote sensing image and corresponds to storage catalogue, then by each wave band gradation data and its metadata storage into corresponding catalogue；2) band combination and desired style information construction slice request protocol that browser end is selected according to user are sent to server end；3) server end is identified according to the remotely-sensed data in the slice request protocol and a hash value is calculated in band combination, then the hash value is searched in the caching of server end, if existing corresponding slice of slice request protocol in caching, returns it into as the browser end；Otherwise gradation data rendered according to the slice request protocol, be superimposed, obtained synthesis slice and return to the browser end.This method can carry out dynamic combined rendering in different-waveband of the browser end to same remote sensing image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is by carrying out the independent assortment a variety of rendering schemes of dynamic generation to the different-waveband in remote sensing image
Technology, and in particular to it is a kind of according to user in browser end unrestricted choice band combination, color pattern and slice type, and then structure
Slice request protocol is produced, server end carries out dissection process to slice request protocol, with the principle of three primary colours, to remote sensing image
In corresponding grey level the data method that carries out colored synthesis.
Background technique
Optical remote sensing received wave electromagnetic radiation source be reflection and scattering of the atural object to sunlight, wavelength is mainly distributed
In visible light and near infrared region.For applying more Optical remote satellite Landsat at present, TM collected
(Thematic Mapper) data include 7 wave bands, and relevant information is as shown in table 1.
Table 1:Landsat TM image data band class information
| Landsat4-5 | Wave band | Wavelength (micron) | Resolution ratio (rice) |
| Band1 | Bluish-green wave band | 0.45-0.52 | 30 |
| Band2 | Green band | 0.52-0.60 | 30 |
| Band3 | Red band | 0.63-0.69 | 30 |
| Band4 | Near infrared band | 0.76-0.90 | 30 |
| Band5 | Middle infrared band | 1.55-1.75 | 30 |
| Band6 | Thermal infrared bands | 10.40-12.50 | 30 |
| Band7 | Middle infrared band | 2.08-2.35 | 30 |
As shown above, the emphasis that different-waveband is showed is different, and the group credit union of different-waveband shows difference
Information, such as combination (Band5+Band4+Band3) be adapted to determine that the natural regions boundary such as land, water body, vegetation, can also
For distinguishing land use pattern；Combination (Band7+Band4+Band2) is suitable for analyzing soil and vegetation humidity；Combination
(Band7+Band5+Band4) maximum spatial resolution is provided, can be used for the parsing interpretation of humid region.
Currently, it is more for band combination and the research for improving the quality of image, however still lack a kind of efficiently easy-to-use
Tool checks the resultant image of a variety of different-wavebands combination.By taking above-mentioned Landsat as an example, appoints from 7 wave bands and take 3 progress
Combination, can produce in totalKind combines, under the conditions of the prior art, if freely checking certain band group in a browser
It closes, need that corresponding band overlapping is generated corresponding image picture by WEBGIS software and is permanently stored in hard disk, with side
Continue after an action of the bowels and checks.This mode complexity is high, and flexibility is poor, strong to the dependence of software systems, and needs to consume and largely deposit
Space is stored up to store the image data generated by various combination scheme.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, it is an object of the invention to propose that one kind can be in browser end to same remote sensing
The method that the different-waveband of image carries out dynamic combined rendering facilitates user according to demands of individuals, obtains that color is true to nature, clarity
It is high, conducive to the map image of interpretation.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of remote sensing image multiband independent assortment rendering method based on WEB, the steps include:
1) server end generates remotely-sensed data mark and corresponding storage catalogue according to the attribute information of remote sensing image, then
By each wave band gradation data and its metadata storage of remote sensing image into corresponding catalogue；
2) band combination and desired style information construction slice request protocol that browser end is selected according to user are sent
To server end；
3) server end is identified according to the remotely-sensed data in the slice request protocol and a hash is calculated in band combination
Then value is searched the hash value as the key value in caching in the caching of server end, if existing in caching
The corresponding slice of slice request protocol, then return it into as the browser end；Otherwise according to the slice request protocol to gray scale
Data are rendered, are superimposed, and synthesis slice is obtained, and are then sliced the synthesis and are cached and return to the browser end.
Further, the structure of the slice request protocol are as follows: http://hostname/tiles/datatype/
Dataid/bands/x/y/z.img? styleinfo；Wherein, hostname is hostname/domain name, and tiles is protocol-identifier,
Datatype is remote sensing image data type, and dataid is remotely-sensed data mark, and bands is wave band sequence, and x, y, z is that slice is sat
Mark, img are the picture type for returning to slice, and styleinfo is pattern parameter.
Further, server end extracts the style information in slice request protocol and carries out to the color pattern of synthesis slice
Rendering, and according to the Data Identification dataid and band combination update caching in slice request protocol.
Further, the caching of server end is two-level cache, including the deque's memory cache being deployed in memory
LRU-2 (level cache) and small image cache system (L2 cache) based on light-weight database sqlite3 and message queue.
Further, the attribute information of the remote sensing image data includes: sensor, the image ranks for acquiring Seeds of First Post-flight
Number, reel number, acquisition date；The remote sensing image data identification information successively includes sensor, the image row for acquiring Seeds of First Post-flight
Row number, reel number, acquisition date；Corresponding storage catalogue are as follows: acquire sensor/image ranks number/reel number of Seeds of First Post-flight/
Acquire the date.
Further, deque's memory cache LRU-2 includes a data access queue, a data buffer storage queue；It will
When the hash value is searched in the caching of server end as the key value in caching, the number is inquired according to hash table first
According to whether there is the corresponding slice of the key value in buffer queue, and if so, updating slice access times count, and return
The slice；Otherwise it is inquired according to hash table with the presence or absence of the corresponding slice of the key value in the data access queue, and if so, will
The access times of the slice add 1, are then transported to the data buffer storage queue and return to browser end, if the data buffer storage
Queue reaches maximum size, then it is slow to be transferred to second level by the slice that slice addition time and access times selection one do not access at most
It deposits；If not finding the corresponding slice of key value in level cache, continue to inquire L2 cache, if L2 cache is ordered
In, then the slice of the hit is returned, while the slice being added to the data access queue of level cache, if data are visited at this time
It asks that queue has been expired, then eliminates a slice being added earliest by FIFO rule, and be written into L2 cache.
Further, the metadata information includes projected coordinate system, longitude and latitude range；Metadata information filename and ash
It is corresponding to spend Data Filename.
The present invention creates storage catalogue according to the attribute information of remote sensing image first, then by each wave band ash of remote sensing image
Degree, into corresponding catalogue, then needs first number of all grayscale image data to be used according to storage when offline generation synthesis slice
It is believed that breath, wherein including essential attribute information, space longitude and latitude range and the style information of default etc. of remote sensing image.It uses
When, user selects the band combination of remote sensing image in browser end, and provides style information and slice type to construct slice
Request protocol, server end are calculated one uniquely according to remotely-sensed data mark dataid and band combination bands in agreement
Hash value, which is searched as the key value in caching and is deployed in the two-level cache of server end, if in caching
There are the slices, then directly return, otherwise solved by raster data processing module to the corresponding gradation data of different-waveband
Analysis, rendering, superposition obtain synthesis slice, and on this basis to the form and aspect of slice, brightness, saturation degree, contrast, transparency
Equal color effects are adjusted.
Present invention introduces two-level cache system save memory space, quick response user request in play a significant role
Wherein first order caching is deque's memory cache (LRU-2, the Least Recently realized based on least recently used algorithm
Used 2), the buffer memory capacity is smaller but reads and writes quickly；Second level caching is based on light-weight database sqlite3 and message team
The small image cache system realized is arranged, this grade of buffer memory is in hard disk, and capacity is big and fast speed.The combined use of two-level cache
Can guarantee faster response speed with lesser carrying cost, in addition to this caching system be also provided with content it is expired when
Between, the data expired time of small image cache system is 7 days, and LRU-2 data expired time is 1 hour, and caching system can evidence
This automatic low map of access frequency of removing is sliced, and saves memory space.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
1, gradation data catalogue management
According to attribute information (sensor, the image ranks number, band including acquiring Seeds of First Post-flight of remote sensing image itself
Number, acquisition date etc.) the unique remote sensing image data mark " { satellite } { sensor } { path } { row } { year } " of construction,
For example TM sensor is identified in the image data that collected reel number in 2011 is 130, row number is 48 on landsat satellite
For LSTM1300482011, corresponding storage catalogue is /LANDSAT/TM/130/48/2011, stores the remote sensing shadow under the catalogue
As the corresponding gradation data of each wave band, gradation data filename is corresponding with wave band sequence, starts counting from 1, is followed successively by
B01.GIFF, B02.GIFF, B03.GIFF etc..In view of the wave band number of different remote sensing images is different, need remote sensing image pair
The wave band number answered is stored in database, and subsequent user is facilitated to select.
2, metadata information extracts
In view of the metadata information time-consuming of real time parsing gradation data during generating map slice is larger, this hair
The bright pre- GDAL/ORG tool storage room first passed through in python generates the Metadata information of all gradation datas offline, and with
The gradation data of JSON format and each wave band is stored in same catalogue, and metadata information filename is opposite with gradation data filename
It answers, such as B01.GIFF, B02.GIFF, the corresponding metadata information file of B03.GIFF are as follows: B01.GIFF.JSON,
B02.GIFF.JOSN,B03.GIFF.JSON。
3, two-level cache system is built
The access that user's to map is sliced in practical application is strong at random, and the probability for extensive hot spot data occur is minimum, such as
Fruit will appear data using common LRU cache and update frequently, and the phenomenons such as hit rate is low cause serious caching to pollute.For this purpose,
First order caching of the invention is cached using LRU-2, and relative to common LRU, LRU-2 increases on the basis of data queue
Add an access queue, also will record the access times of map slice other than the access time of record map slice, for the first time
The data of load are put into access queue, and the slice that only access times reach 2 times can be just added into data queue, thus
Greatly reduce the interference of random access.
The second level is cached using the distributed small documents management system based on sqlite3 and message queue.Map is cut
Piece is typically small, common discrete storage based on the hard disk, and since there are longer sectors to address the time, access efficiency is lower,
In addition to this, relative to can be for the big file of extensive Coutinuous store, small documents be also in the use of metadata node
Efficiency is extremely low.For this purpose, the L2 cache in the present invention uses the block storage organization based on sqlite3, improves map and cut
The storage efficiency and reading efficiency of piece.Map slice distributed storage realized by message queue, the asynchronism of message queue
And the reliability of transmission also ensures the efficiency of slice access.
4, the construction of Tiles agreement and parsing
It is as follows that map is sliced request protocol Tiles structure:
Http:// hostname/tiles/datatype/dataid/bands/x/y/z.img? styleinfo
Wherein, hostname: hostname/domain name；Tiles: protocol-identifier；Datatype: remotely-sensed data type, such as
landsat；Dataid: remotely-sensed data mark, such as LSTM1300482011；Bands: the wave band sequence that comma separates, such as
5,4,3；X, y, z: map slice coordinates are provided by openlayer3；Img: the picture type of the slice of return, such as png,
Jpeg etc.；Styleinfo: pattern parameter, such as hue=300&saturation=70&lightness=80.
User is in band combination, style information and the slice type of browser end selection remote sensing image, then in conjunction with front end
The information structurings such as the slice coordinates that mapping tool openlayers is provided go out the above agreement, and are sent to server end.Clothes
Business device termination starts to parse after receiving above-mentioned agreement, extracts the Data Identification dataid and band combination of remote sensing image first
Bands, and a unique hash value is calculated by SHA1 algorithm, it is then based on hash value inquiry two-level cache system,
If hit, directly returns to corresponding slice, otherwise rendered according to the superposition that the parameter in agreement is sliced.
5, the superposition rendering of map slice
Parse dataid and extract satellite mark, sensor identification, row number, reel number and acquisition date therein etc.
Information obtains the storage catalogue of gradation data according to above-mentioned mapping ruler, then reads corresponding gradation data according to wave band number,
And map description information MapText is constructed by the library MapServer in Python, and extract slice coordinates parameter x, y, z, so
MapText is combined afterwards, renders the corresponding map slice of each gradation data, and according to Data Identification dataid and wave band number
The corresponding gradation data of different-waveband is overlapped by the slice that bandid updates in caching finally according to RGB three primary color theory
Rendering generates new slice.
6, pattern rendering and buffer update
The style information in Tiles agreement is further extracted, the color pattern of synthesis slice is rendered, and according to number
Caching is updated according to mark dataid and band combination bands, facilitates next reading.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention are as follows:
Independent assortment rendering is carried out to the multiband image in remotely-sensed data in browser end the invention proposes a kind of, and
The method that different map images can be generated using multiple color effect.In usage mode, the present invention is using browser as checking
Tool does not need user installation depended software, and reduce user uses threshold, and the user experience is improved；In realization technology,
By the dynamic combined of wave band, the expense that a subpictures figure is all generated for each combination is avoided, not only flexibility ratio is high, and
And memory space has been saved, in the parsing and processing of gradation data, two-level cache is introduced, when reducing the waiting of slice response
Between, improve whole rendering efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the storage organization schematic diagram of LRU-2 caching.
Fig. 2 is the timing diagram that the multiband of the remote sensing image data based on WEB is freely combined.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing 2, with the TM data instance of Landsat, the present invention is described in further detail:
Step 1: obtaining the metadata information of remote sensing image
The remote sensing image that user needs to check by browser selection, browser record remotely-sensed data and identify dataid, and
It is sent to server end by AJAX, after the received server-side mark, the mapping for passing through dataid and storage catalogue is advised
The storage catalogue for then navigating to corresponding grey scale data reads metadata information MapInfo therein (including projection coordinate
The information such as system, longitude and latitude range), database is connected at the same time reads the corresponding all wave band bands of the remote sensing image, it will
MapInfo and bands is back to browser end by AJAX with JSON format, and user is facilitated to select.
Step 2: map initialization
It after browser end receives response, is initialized by front-end map tool Openlayers3, including setting bottom
Figure, level of zoom and central point of current map etc., and bands is presented to the user in the form of choice box.
Step 3: caching query
User selects the band combination and desired style information to be checked by browser, and browser end records the information
And construct Tiles request protocol.After received server-side to the request, extracts dataid therein and bands information and pass through
Whether SHA1 algorithm calculates a unique key value, then existing in query caching.The query process entirely cached is divided into
Two steps, i.e. inquiry level cache LRU-2 and inquiry L2 cache small documents management system.
The buffer structure of LRU-2 is as shown in Fig. 1, including a data access queue, a data buffer queue,
Being inquired in the data buffer storage queue in left side according to hash table first when whether inquiry hits whether there is corresponding slice, if there is
Slice access times count is then updated, and returns to the slice, otherwise being inquired in the data access queue of right side according to hash table is
No there are the corresponding slices of the key value, and if so, the slice access times are added 1, the data for being then transported to left side are slow
It deposits queue and returns to browser end, if left data buffer queue reaches maximum size, it is superseded that the time is added by slice
A slice not accessed at most recently in queue, the slice being eliminated can't be directly deleted, but L2 cache is written.
If level cache miss, continue to inquire L2 cache, L2 cache is run in a manner of stand-alone service, passes through socket
Channel externally provides data, if L2 cache is hit, which is returned, while the slice being added to the number of level cache
According to access queue, if access queue has expired at this time, a slice being added earliest is eliminated by FIFO rule, and be written into
L2 cache.If the equal miss of two-level cache, the biggish map slice rendering of subsequent time-consuming is executed.
Step 4: gradation data parses
The storage catalogue of gradation data is positioned according to dataid and bands parameter, and from the meta data file of current directory
The middle style information for extracting spatial information and default, then generates JSON format by the mapscript tool storage room in Python
Complete map description information, including map and it includes the essential information of figure layer, space range information and pattern letters
Breath etc..
Step 5: generating single channel gray-scale slice
The parameter x, y, z and slice type (png/jpeg etc.) in Tiles agreement are extracted, and constructs slice object Tile,
Then in conjunction with map description information obtained in the previous step, by the mapscript tool storage room in python according to the request of wave band
It is sequentially generated corresponding gray-scale slice.
Step 6: RGB channel merges
According to wave band request sequence, the slice of each wave band lead to by RGB by Python/PIL or other image libraries
Road merges one by one, and the slice after merging is saved as the slice type that the 5th step parses, and then passes through http protocol
Back to browser end, by front-end map tool storage room openlayers, it will be shown in browser.
Step 8: color effects render
The pattern parameter in Tiles agreement is extracted, by the ImageEnhance in the library PIL, ImageFilter tool pair
Fusion evaluation is further to be rendered, and the image after rendering is returned to browser end.
Claims (6)
1. rendering method is freely combined in a kind of remote sensing image multiband based on WEB, the steps include:
1) server end generates remotely-sensed data mark and corresponding storage catalogue according to the attribute information of remote sensing image, then will be distant
Each wave band gradation data for feeling image and its metadata storage are into corresponding catalogue；
2) band combination and desired style information construction slice request protocol that browser end is selected according to user are sent to clothes
Business device end；
3) server end is identified according to the remotely-sensed data in the slice request protocol and a hash value is calculated in band combination, so
It is searched the hash value as the key value in caching in the caching of server end afterwards, if existing this is cut in caching
The corresponding slice of piece request protocol then returns it into as the browser end；Otherwise according to the slice request protocol to gradation data
It rendered, be superimposed, obtain synthesis slice, then the synthesis is sliced and caches and returns to the browser end.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the structure of the slice request protocol are as follows: http: //
Hostname/tiles/datatype/dataid/bands/x/y/z.img? styleinfo；Wherein, hostname is host
Name/domain name, tiles are protocol-identifier, and datatype is remote sensing image data type, and dataid is remotely-sensed data mark, bands
For wave band sequence, x, y, z is slice coordinates, and img is the picture type for returning to slice, and styleinfo is pattern parameter.
3. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that server end extracts the style information pair in slice request protocol
The color pattern of synthesis slice is rendered, and is updated according to the Data Identification dataid and band combination that are sliced in request protocol
Caching.
4. the method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the caching of server end is two-level cache, including portion
Be deployed on deque memory cache LRU-2 in memory as level cache, based on light-weight database sqlite3 and message queue
Small image cache system as L2 cache；Deque's memory cache LRU-2 includes a data access queue, a data
Buffer queue；When the hash value is searched in the caching of server end as the key value in caching, first according to hash
Table is inquired with the presence or absence of the corresponding slice of the key value in the data buffer storage queue, and if so, updating the slice access times
Count, and return to the slice；Otherwise it is inquired in the data access queue according to hash table and is sliced with the presence or absence of the key value is corresponding,
And if so, the access times of the slice are added 1, be then transported to the data buffer storage queue and return to browser end, such as
The fruit data buffer storage queue reaches maximum size, then the time is added by slice and access times choose a slice not accessed at most
It is transferred to L2 cache；If not finding the corresponding slice of key value in level cache, continue to inquire L2 cache, if
L2 cache hit, then return to the slice of the hit, while the slice being added to the data access queue of level cache, if
Data access queue at this time has been expired, then eliminates a slice being added earliest by FIFO rule, and be written into L2 cache.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the attribute information of the remote sensing image data includes: that acquisition is defended
The sensor of star carrying, image ranks number, reel number, acquisition date；The remote sensing image data identification information successively includes acquisition
The sensor of Seeds of First Post-flight, image ranks number, reel number, acquisition date；Corresponding storage catalogue are as follows: acquire the biography of Seeds of First Post-flight
Sensor/image ranks number/reel number/acquisition date.
6. the method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the metadata includes projected coordinate system, longitude and latitude
Range；The filename of metadata is corresponding with gradation data filename.
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