CN105718514A - WEB-based method for carrying out free combined rendering on multiple bands of remote sensing images - Google Patents
WEB-based method for carrying out free combined rendering on multiple bands of remote sensing images Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a WEB-based method for carrying out free combined rendering on multiple bands of remote sensing images. The method comprises the following steps: 1) generating a remote sensing data identifier and a corresponding storage catalog by a server according to attribute information of a remote sensing image, and storing gray level data of each band and metadata of the gray level data into the corresponding catalog; 2) constructing a section request protocol by a browser according to a band combination selected by a user and expected pattern information, and sending the protocol to the server; and 3) carrying out by the browser according to the remote sensing data identifier and the band combination in the section request protocol so as to obtain a hash value, searching the hash value in a cache of the server, if a section corresponding to the section request protocol exists in the cache, returning the section to the browser, and if the section corresponding to the section request protocol does not exist in the cache, rendering and overlapping the gray level data according to the section request protocol so as to obtain a synthesized section and returning the synthesized section to the browser. According to the method, dynamic combined rendering can be carried out on different bands of the same remote sensing image at the browser.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is dynamically to generate the technology of multiple rendering scheme by the different-waveband in remote sensing image carries out independent assortment, tool
Body relates to one according to user at browser end unrestricted choice band combination, color pattern and slice type, and then constructs section
Request protocol, server end carries out dissection process to section request protocol, uses the principle of three primary colours, to ash corresponding in remote sensing image
The method that the data of degree rank carry out colored synthesis.
Background technology
The wave electromagnetic radiation source that optical remote sensing is received is atural object to the reflection of sunlight and scattering, and its wavelength is mainly distributed on visible
Light and near infrared region.As a example by the Optical remote satellite Landsat that application at present is more, the TM (Thematic that it is gathered
Mapper) data i.e. comprise 7 wave bands, and relevant information is as shown in table 1.
Table 1:Landsat TM image data band class information
| Landsat4-5 | Wave band | Wavelength (micron) | Resolution (rice) |
| Band1 | Bluish-green wave band | 0.45-0.52 | 30 |
| Band2 | Green band | 0.52-0.60 | 30 |
| Band3 | Red band | 0.63-0.69 | 30 |
| Band4 | Near infrared band | 0.76-0.90 | 30 |
| Band5 | Middle-infrared band | 1.55-1.75 | 30 |
| Band6 | Thermal infrared bands | 10.40-12.50 | 30 |
| Band7 | Middle-infrared band | 2.08-2.35 | 30 |
As shown above, the emphasis that different-waveband is represented is different, and the combination of different-waveband can show different information,
Such as combination (Band5+Band4+Band3) is adapted to determine that the borders, natural region such as land, water body, vegetation it can also be used to distinguish
Land use pattern；Combination (Band7+Band4+Band2) is suitable for analyzing soil and vegetation humidity；Combination
(Band7+Band5+Band4) provide the spatial resolution of maximum, can be used for the parsing interpretation of humid region.
At present, the research for band combination and the raising quality of image is more, but still lacks the most easy-to-use a kind of instrument
Check the resultant image that multiple different-waveband combines.As a example by above-mentioned Landsat, appoint from 7 wave bands and take 3 and be combined,
Altogether can producePlanting combination, under the conditions of prior art, if the most freely checking certain band combination, needing
By the corresponding band overlapping corresponding image picture of generation and hard disk is permanently stored in by WEBGIS software, follow-up to facilitate
Check.This mode complexity is high, very flexible, strong to the dependency of software system, and needs to consume substantial amounts of memory space
Store the image data produced by various combination scheme.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed for prior art, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of can be at browser end to same remote sensing image
Different-waveband carries out the method that dynamic combined renders, and facilitates user according to demands of individuals, obtains that color is true to nature, definition is high, sharp
Map image in interpretation.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of remote sensing image multiband independent assortment rendering intent based on WEB, the steps include:
1) server end generates a remotely-sensed data mark and corresponding storage catalogue according to the attribute information of remote sensing image, then by remote sensing
Each wave band gradation data of image and metadata thereof store in corresponding catalogue；
2) browser end selects according to user band combination and desired style information structure section request protocol are sent to service
Device end；
3) server end identifies according to the remotely-sensed data in this section request protocol and band combination is calculated a hash value, then
This hash value is made a look up, if existed in Huan Cun as the key value in caching in the caching of server end
The section that this section request protocol is corresponding, then return it into as this browser end；Otherwise according to this section request protocol pair
Gradation data carries out rendering, superposition, obtains synthesis section, then by this synthesis section caching and return to this browser
End.
Further, the structure of described section request protocol is:
http://hostname/tiles/datatype/dataid/bands/x/y/z.img？styleinfo；Wherein, hostname is hostname/domain name,
Tiles is protocol-identifier, and datatype is remote sensing image data type, and dataid is remotely-sensed data mark, and bands is wave band sequence,
X, y, z is slice coordinates, and img is the picture/mb-type returning section, and styleinfo is pattern parameter.
Further, the color pattern of synthesis section is rendered by the style information that server end extracts in section request protocol,
And update caching according to the Data Identification dataid in section request protocol and band combination.
Further, the caching of server end is two-level cache, including the deque memory cache LRU-2 (being deployed in internal memory
Level caching) and little image cache system (L2 cache) based on light-weight database sqlite3 Yu message queue.
Further, the attribute information of described remote sensing image data includes: gather the sensor of Seeds of First Post-flight, image ranks number,
Bar reel number, collection date；This remote sensing image data identification information successively include gather the sensor of Seeds of First Post-flight, image ranks number,
Bar reel number, collection date；Corresponding storage catalogue is: gather the sensor/image ranks number/bar reel number/collection day of Seeds of First Post-flight
Phase.
Further, described deque memory cache LRU-2 includes a data access queue, a data buffer storage queue；By this hash
When value makes a look up in the caching of server end as the key value in caching, first inquire about this data buffer storage team according to hash table
Whether row exist the corresponding section of this key value, if there is then updating this section access times count, and returns this section；No
Then inquire about according to hash table and whether this data access queue exists the corresponding section of this key value, if there is then by the visit of this section
Ask that number of times adds 1, be then transported to this data buffer storage queue and return to browser end, if this data buffer storage queue reaches to hold
The amount upper limit, then chosen a section not accessed at most proceeded to L2 cache by section joining day and access times；If in one-level
Caching does not finds the section that this key value is corresponding, then continues inquiry L2 cache, if L2 cache hit, then by this hit
Section return, simultaneously by this section add level cache data access queue, if now data access queue is the fullest, then
Eliminate a section added the earliest by FIFO rule, and be written into L2 cache.
Further, described metadata information includes projected coordinate system, longitude and latitude scope；Metadata information filename and grey
Corresponding according to filename.
First the present invention creates storage catalogue according to the attribute information of remote sensing image, then by each wave band gradation data of remote sensing image
Storing in corresponding catalogue, then off-line needs the metadata information of all grayscale image data used when generating synthesis section,
Wherein comprise the base attribute information of remote sensing image, space longitude and latitude scope and the style information etc. of acquiescence.During use, user
Browser end select remote sensing image band combination, and provide style information and slice type to construct section request protocol,
Server end is calculated a unique hash value according to remotely-sensed data mark dataid and band combination bands in agreement, will
This hash value searches the two-level cache being deployed in server end as the key value in caching, if there is this section in Huan Cun,
The most directly return, otherwise by raster data processing module, the gradation data that different-waveband is corresponding resolved, render, superposition,
Obtain synthesis section, and on this basis the color effects such as the form and aspect cut into slices, brightness, saturation, contrast, transparency are entered
Row sum-equal matrix.
The two-level cache system that present invention introduces is saving memory space, quickly has important function wherein the in response user request
Level cache is the deque's memory cache (LRU-2, Least Recently Used 2) realized based on LRU, should
Buffer memory capacity is less but reads and writes quickly；Second level caching is the little picture realized with message queue based on light-weight database sqlite3
Caching system, this grade of buffer memory is in hard disk, and capacity is big and speed.Being used in combination of two-level cache can be deposited with less
Storage cost ensures response speed faster, and in addition this caching system is also provided with the expired time of content, little image cache system
The data expired time of system is 7 days, and LRU-2 data expired time is 1 hour, and caching system can remove access the most automatically
The map section that frequency is low, saves memory space.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
1, gradation data catalogue management
Attribute information according to remote sensing image self (includes gathering the sensor of Seeds of First Post-flight, image ranks number, bar reel number, collection
Date etc.) construct unique remote sensing image data mark " { satellite}{sensor}{path}{row}{year} ", such as landsat satellite
The image data that the bar reel number that upper TM sensor collected in 2011 is 130, line number is 48 is designated
LSTM1300482011, corresponding storage catalogue is /LANDSAT/TM/130/48/2011, stores this remote sensing shadow under this catalogue
As the gradation data that each wave band is corresponding, gradation data filename is corresponding with wave band sequence, starts counting up from 1, is followed successively by
B01.GIFF, B02.GIFF, B03.GIFF etc..Wave band number in view of different remote sensing images is different, needs remote sensing image corresponding
Wave band number be stored in data base, facilitate subsequent user to select.
2, metadata information extracts
Time-consuming relatively big in view of the metadata information of real time parsing gradation data during generating map section, the present invention is in advance
The Metadata information of all gradation datas is generated by the GDAL/ORG tool storage room off-line in python, and with JSON
Form is stored in same catalogue with the gradation data of each wave band, and metadata information filename is corresponding with gradation data filename, than
Such as B01.GIFF, the metadata information file that B02.GIFF, B03.GIFF are corresponding is: B01.GIFF.JSON, B02.GIFF.JOSN,
B03.GIFF.JSON。
3, two-level cache system is built
The access that in actual application, map is cut into slices by user is strong at random, occurs that the probability of extensive hot spot data is minimum, if used
Common LRU cache there will be data and updates frequently, and the phenomenons such as hit rate is low cause serious caching to pollute.To this end, this
Bright first order caching uses LRU-2 caching, and relative to common LRU, LRU-2 increases on the basis of data queue
Add an access queue, in addition to the access time of record map section, also can record the access times of map section, add for the first time
The data carried put into access queue, and only access times reach the section of 2 times and just can be added in data queue, the most greatly
Reduce greatly the interference of random access.
Second level caching uses distributed small documents management system based on sqlite3 with message queue.Map section is general relatively
Little, common based on hard disk discrete storage, owing to there is the longer sector addressing time, access efficiency is relatively low, in addition,
Relative to can be for the big file of Coutinuous store on a large scale, small documents be also extremely inefficient in the use of metadata node.
To this end, the L2 cache in the present invention have employed block storage organization based on sqlite3, improve map section storage efficiency with
Reading efficiency.The distributed storage of map section realizes by message queue, and the asynchronism of message queue and the reliability of transmission are also
Ensure that the efficiency that section accesses.
4, the structure of Tiles agreement and parsing
Map section request protocol Tiles structure is as follows:
http://hostname/tiles/datatype/dataid/bands/x/y/z.img？styleinfo
Wherein, hostname: hostname/domain name；Tiles: protocol-identifier；Datatype: remotely-sensed data type, such as landsat；
Dataid: remotely-sensed data identifies, such as LSTM1300482011；The wave band sequence of bands: CSV, such as 5,4,3；x,
Y, z: map slice coordinates, is provided by openlayer3；The picture/mb-type of the section of img: return, such as png, jpeg etc.；
Styleinfo: pattern parameter, such as hue=300&saturation=70&lightness=80.
User selects the band combination of remote sensing image, style information and slice type in browser end, paints then in conjunction with front-end map
The information structurings such as the slice coordinates that instrument openlayers processed provides go out above agreement, and send to server end.Server terminates
Start after receiving above-mentioned agreement to resolve, first extract the Data Identification dataid and band combination bands of remote sensing image, and pass through
SHA1 algorithm calculates a unique hash value, is then based on this hash value inquiry two-level cache system, if hit, then
Directly returning corresponding section, the superposition otherwise carrying out cutting into slices according to the parameter in agreement renders.
5, the superposition of map section renders
Resolve dataid and extract satellite therein mark, sensor identification, line number, bar reel number and gather the information such as date,
Obtain the storage catalogue of gradation data according to above-mentioned mapping ruler, then read corresponding gradation data according to wave band number, and pass through
In Python, MapServer storehouse constructs map and describes information MapText, and extracts slice coordinates parameter x, y, z, then in conjunction with
MapText, renders map corresponding to each gradation data and cuts into slices, and according to Data Identification dataid and wave band bandid more
Section in new caching, finally according to RGB three primary color theory, is overlapped rendering generation by gradation data corresponding for different-waveband
New section.
6, pattern renders and buffer update
Extract the style information in Tiles agreement further, the color pattern of synthesis section is rendered, and according to Data Identification
Dataid and band combination bands updates caching, reads convenient next time.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention is:
The present invention proposes and a kind of at browser end, the multiband image in remotely-sensed data carried out independent assortment and render, and can apply
Multiple color effect generates the method for different map image.In occupation mode, the present invention using browser as scan tool, no
Need user installation depended software, reduce the use threshold of user, improve Consumer's Experience；Realizing in technology, passing through ripple
The dynamic combined of section, it is to avoid all generate the expense of a subpictures figure for each combination, not only flexibility ratio is high, and saves
Memory space, gradation data parsing with process, introduce two-level cache, reduce waiting time of section response, promote
Overall rendering efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the storage organization schematic diagram of LRU-2 caching.
Fig. 2 is the sequential chart of the multiband independent assortment of remote sensing image data based on WEB.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 2, with the TM data instance of Landsat, the present invention is described in further detail:
The first step: obtain the metadata information of remote sensing image
User selects the remote sensing image needing to check, browser record remotely-sensed data mark dataid by browser, and is led to
Cross AJAX to send to server end, after this mark of received server-side, positioned by the mapping ruler of dataid with storage catalogue
To the storage catalogue of corresponding grey scale data, read metadata information MapInfo therein (including projected coordinate system, longitude and latitude
The information such as scope), meanwhile connect data base and read all wave band bands that this remote sensing image is corresponding, by MapInfo and bands
It is back to browser end with JSON form by AJAX, facilitates user to select.
Second step: map initialization
After browser end receives response, initialize by front-end map instrument Openlayers3, including arranging base map, scaling
Rank and the central point etc. of current map, and bands is presented to user with the form of choice box.
3rd step: caching query
User selects band combination to be checked and desired style information by browser, and this information of browser end record also constructs
Tiles request protocol.Received server-side, to after this request, is extracted dataid with bands information therein and is calculated by SHA1
Method calculates a unique key value, then the most exists in query caching.The query script of whole caching is divided into two steps,
I.e. inquiry level cache LRU-2 and inquiry L2 cache small documents management system.
The buffer structure of LRU-2 as shown in Figure 1, including a data access queue, a data buffer queue, is looked into
Ask first according to whether the data buffer storage queue on the left of the inquiry of hash table exists corresponding section when whether hitting, if there is the most more
These section access times count new, and return this section, otherwise according on the right side of the inquiry of hash table, whether data access queue deposits
In the corresponding section of this key value, if there is then these section access times being added 1, it is then transported to the data buffer storage team in left side
Arrange and return to browser end, if left data buffer queue reaches maximum size, then eliminating in queue by the section joining day
One section not accessed the most at most, the section being eliminated can't be directly deleted, but write L2 cache.If one
Level cache miss, then continue inquiry L2 cache, and L2 cache runs in the way of stand-alone service, by socket passage pair
Outer offer data, if L2 cache hit, then return this section, this section add the data access of level cache simultaneously
Queue, if now access queue is the fullest, then eliminates a section added the earliest by FIFO rule, and is written into two grades
Caching.If two-level cache is the most miss, then performs the biggest follow-up map section and render.
4th step: gradation data resolves
According to the storage catalogue of dataid and bands parameter location gradation data, and extract from the meta data file of current directory
Spatial information and the style information of acquiescence, then generate the complete of JSON form by the mapscript tool storage room in Python
Map describes information, including map and comprise the essential information of figure layer, space range information and style information etc..
5th step: generate single channel gray-scale slice
Extract the parameter x, y, z in Tiles agreement and slice type (png/jpeg etc.), and construct slice object Tile, then
In conjunction with map obtained in the previous step, information is described, raw according to the request order of wave band by the mapscript tool storage room in python
Become corresponding gray-scale slice.
6th step: RGB channel merges
According to wave band request order, by Python/PIL or other image libraries the section of each wave band carried out by RGB channel by
Individual merging, and the section after merging saves as the 5th step and resolves the slice type that obtains, is then returned by http protocol
To browser end, front-end map tool storage room openlayers shown in a browser.
8th step: color effects renders
Extracting the pattern parameter in Tiles agreement, by the ImageEnhance in PIL storehouse, ImageFilter instrument is to merging shadow
As further being rendered, and the image after rendering returns to browser end.
Claims (7)
1. a remote sensing image multiband independent assortment rendering intent based on WEB, the steps include:
1) server end generates a remotely-sensed data mark and corresponding storage catalogue according to the attribute information of remote sensing image, then by remote sensing
Each wave band gradation data of image and metadata thereof store in corresponding catalogue；
2) browser end selects according to user band combination and desired style information structure section request protocol are sent to service
Device end；
3) server end identifies according to the remotely-sensed data in this section request protocol and band combination is calculated a hash value, then
This hash value is made a look up, if existed in Huan Cun as the key value in caching in the caching of server end
The section that this section request protocol is corresponding, then return it into as this browser end；Otherwise according to this section request protocol pair
Gradation data carries out rendering, superposition, obtains synthesis section, then by this synthesis section caching and return to this browser
End.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the structure of described section request protocol is:
http://hostname/tiles/datatype/dataid/bands/x/y/z.img？styleinfo；Wherein, hostname is host name/territory
Name, tiles is protocol-identifier, and datatype is remote sensing image data type, and dataid is remotely-sensed data mark, and bands is ripple
Duan Xulie, x, y, z is slice coordinates, and img is the picture/mb-type returning section, and styleinfo is pattern parameter.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that server end extracts the style information in section request protocol to synthesis
The color pattern of section renders, and updates slow according to the Data Identification dataid in section request protocol and band combination
Deposit.
4. the method as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the caching of server end is two-level cache, including disposing
Deque memory cache LRU-2 in internal memory is as level cache, based on light-weight database sqlite3 and message queue
Little image cache system as L2 cache.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the attribute information of described remote sensing image data includes: gather satellite and take
The sensor of load, image ranks number, bar reel number, collection date；This remote sensing image data identification information includes that collection is defended successively
The sensor of star lift-launch, image ranks number, bar reel number, collection date；Corresponding storage catalogue is: gather Seeds of First Post-flight
Sensor/image ranks number/bar reel number/collection date.
6. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described deque memory cache LRU-2 includes a data access team
Row, a data buffer storage queue；Using this hash value as caching in key value make a look up in the caching of server end time,
First inquire about according to hash table and whether this data buffer storage queue exists the corresponding section of this key value, should if there is then updating
Section access times count, and return this section；Otherwise inquire about in this data access queue whether there is this according to hash table
The corresponding section of key value, if there is then adding 1 by the access times of this section, is then transported to this data buffer storage queue also
Return to browser end, if this data buffer storage queue reaches maximum size, then choose by section joining day and access times
One section not accessed at most proceeds to L2 cache；If not finding the section that this key value is corresponding in level cache, then continue
Continuous inquiry L2 cache, if L2 cache hit, then returns the section of this hit, this section addition one-level is delayed simultaneously
The data access queue deposited, if now data access queue is the fullest, then by FIFO rule eliminate one add the earliest cut
Sheet, and it is written into L2 cache.
7. the method as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that described metadata information includes projected coordinate system, longitude and latitude
Degree scope；Metadata information filename is corresponding with gradation data filename.
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| CN115170779A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-11 | 生态环境部环境规划院 | Remote sensing image rendering and network publishing method |
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