CN105716896A - Process unit capable of improving operation flexibility of boiling flow heat transfer experiment and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Process unit capable of improving operation flexibility of boiling flow heat transfer experiment and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a process unit capable of improving operation flexibility of a boiling flow heat transfer experiment and an implementation method thereof. The process unit comprises a low-temperature working medium circulation loop and a high-temperature conduction oil circulation loop, wherein a low-lift booster pump of the low-temperature working medium circulation loop is provided with two outlet pipelines; one outlet pipeline serves as a reflux bypass connected with a hot-side inlet of a cooler, and a hot-side outlet of the cooler is connected with a reflux connecting pipe positioned at the lower end of a barrel body of a vapor-liquid separation tank; the other outlet pipeline is connected with a cold-side inlet of a preheater, and a cold-side outlet of the preheater is connected with a cold-side inlet of a test section; a thermal oil furnace of the high-temperature circulation loop is provided with two outlet pipelines, one hot oil pipeline is connected with the hot-side inlet of the preheater, and the other hot oil pipeline is connected with the hot-side inlet of the test section; the hot-side outlets of the preheater and the test section are connected with an inlet pipeline of the thermal oil furnace. The process unit is high in pressure and temperature operation flexibility; during a low-temperature test, the pressure of a working medium can be up to 0.3-0.4MPa, and the temperature can be up to 30-300 DEG C; the process unit can be directly used in overall boiling and evaporation flow heat transfer experiments and performance tests for tubular and plate-type heat exchangers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heat exchanger phase transformation flowing heat transfer technical field, relate to boiling flowing heat transfer performance process unit and the implementation of a kind of reboiler, steam generator, vaporizer and heat transfer element.
Background technology
Reboiler, vaporizer are the important boiling heat transfer process equipments of industry such as oil refining, chemical industry, refrigeration, electronics, metallurgy.When there is boiling flowing heat transfer, cryogen absorbs high temperature fluid heat from metal wall and heated intensification transfers vapour phase to, until it reaches the vaporization rate of technological requirement.Such as refining and petrochemical processing units fractionating column, rectifying column, ethylene unit hydro carbons, alcohols reboiler, refrigeration industry Freon-Evaporator.This kind equipment operation pressure is many within the scope of 0.5～4.0MPa, operates temperature 30～300 DEG C.
In boiling flowing heat transfer process, the quality of vehicle repair major, momentum, flow behavior, transfer of energy properties differ greatly and interact, and its flowing heat transfer rule is far beyond single-phase flow heat transfer complexity.Disclose the important foundation that the thermal parameters such as pressure, evaporating capacity, the flow velocity affecting laws to equipment boiling two-phase flow heat-transfer character is optimization designing apparatus performance.
Pressure that boiling heat transfer experiment device provides, evaporating capacity, flow processes range of operating parameters are more wide, and namely operating flexibility is more big, it is provided that experimental result range of application more wide.
With the invention belongs to same technical field document: 1. old normal thought, Han Jitian etc., the design of R134 two phase flow heat transfer Visualization Platform with run, Proceedings of the CSEE, 2010,30(14): 83～85.2. Cui Wen intelligence, flow boiling patterns and heat transfer property in three-dimensional micro-rib serpentine pipe, Engineering Thermophysics journal, 2003,24(3): 451～454.3. patent CN103323488, a kind of enhanced boiling heat transfer test device and method of testing；4. patent CN102500441, the heater of miniaturization boiling heat transfer experiment device；5. GiovanniA.Longo, AndreaGasparella, HFC-410Avaporizationinsideacommercialbrazedplateheatexch anger.J.ExperimentalThermalanFluidScience.2007,32:107～109.6. Y.Y.Hesieh, T.F.LinSaturedflowbolingheattransferandpressuredropofref rigerantR410-Ainaverticalpalteheatexchanger；HeatMassTransfer, 45, (2002): 1033-1044.
Document is 1., 2. a kind of typical process for the flowing heat transfer performance test that seethes with excitement in heat transfer element is reported: after the intensified pumped of cryogen, supercharging, be divided into two streams, one stream is used for Flow-rate adjustment as backflow bypass, another road flows into preheater after effusion meter measures as primary flow path and is heated to design temperature, test fluid, when flowing into test section, adopts constant voltage dc source to utilize metallic resistance effect that working medium direct electro heating in metal experimental section is vaporized.The vehicle repair major product produced in boiling heat transfer process flows into fluid reservoir after flowing out the condensation of condensed device from test section, and fluid reservoir discharge connection is connected with the entrance sleeve of pump, it is ensured that test working medium circulation uses.
Experimental provision composition includes: booster pump, preheater, test section, condenser, constant voltage dc source, cooling tower, condensed fluid holding vessel.
1., 2. experimental provision is characterized as being flow process simply to document, and testing equipment is less, but owing to there is no high temperature fluid stream, only for boiling flowing heat transfer performance test in heat transfer element, it is impossible to test for equipment boiling flowing heat transfer overall performance.
3., 4. document discloses two kinds of electrical heating boiling testpieces structures, and rights protection concentrates on testpieces electric heating device, temperature point is arranged, prevented thermal expansion deformation aspect.
5., 6. document reports the representative experiment flow of a kind of overall performance test of seething with excitement for refrigeration industry equipment, evaporate.With document 1., the single loop flow process 2. reported is similar namely for the cryogen freon flow process arranged: be preheated device preheating after intensified pump supercharging, effusion meter metered flow, and fluid is warming up to after setting requires temperature and flows into vaporizer or reboiler.At document 1., 2. on report experiment process basis, it is also provided with high-temperature heating fluid circuit and many with water for medium.High-temperature water flows into test section high temperature side for heating water at low temperature so as to vaporize after being heated to high enough temp by electrical heating or steam.After cooling, water is heated again to recycle.
The boiling flow test device that 5., 6. document is reported can carry out equipment boiling flowing heat transfer overall performance test.But such experimental provision is adopted and is used water as hot test working medium, test pressure limit concentrates on 0.3～1.6MPa, temperature range is at 30～70 DEG C, it is only applicable to heating than working medium such as the less freon of boiling point, ethanol, obtained experimental data and Forecasting Methodology are only limitted to refrigeration industry boiling, evaporation experiment demand, are not suitable in the industries such as oil refining, chemical industry and press boiling flowing heat transfer performance test.Additionally, such experimental provision system pressure is controlled by booster pump lift completely, test pressure and temperature operation elasticity are little.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of and improves the boiling elastic process unit of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation and implementation, to obtain the boiling flowing heat transfer rule offer Research foundation with the bigger scope of application.
For realizing above-mentioned technology requirement, the adopted technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of raising boiling elastic process unit of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation, this process unit includes cryogenic fluid closed circuit and high temperature heat conductive oil closed circuit；
Described cryogenic fluid closed circuit includes heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump, this heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump outlet pipeline is divided into two-way, one tunnel connects the hot side entrance of cooler as backflow bypass, and the hot side outlet pipeline of this cooler connects the backflow adapter being positioned at vapor-liquid separation tank cylinder lower end；Another road is connected with preheater cold side input port, and preheater cold side outlet port pipeline is connected to test section cold side input port；
Described test section cold side outlet port pipeline connects threeway and is divided into two-way；One road pipeline Bonding pressure regulates valve inlet, and pressure-regulating valve outlet line connects the test working medium being positioned at vapor-liquid separation tank cylinder top and enters interruption-forming condensation bypass；Another road pipeline connects the hot side entrance of condenser, and the hot side outlet pipeline of this condenser connects with vapor-liquid separation pot bottom, and namely vapor-liquid separation tank forms linker with condenser；
The cooling water entry and exit of air cooler connect the cold side import and export pipeline of described cooler cold side import and export pipeline and condenser respectively；
Heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump entrance connects with the bottom of vapor-liquid separation tank；
Described high temperature circulation loop includes heat-conducting oil furnace, and the outlet of this heat-conducting oil furnace is divided into two-way, and a road hot oil line connects preheater hot side-entrance, and another road hot oil line is connected to the hot side entrance of test section；The hot side outlet pipeline of described preheater and test section is all connected to heat-conducting oil furnace entrance pipe；Electric heater it is provided with in heat-conducting oil furnace.
A kind of raising boiling elastic implementation of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation, cryogenic fluid closed circuit increases pressure operation elasticity and is accomplished by: regulate condenser heat exchange area and condensing rate in condensation bypass, change vapor-liquid separation tank intrinsic pressure, and then the mode changing heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump inlet pressure regulates system pressure；With cryogenic fluid closed circuit pressure change, low-temperature test working medium boiling temperature changes therewith, high temperature refrigerant conduction oil temperature also respective change；Pressure regulates and is divided into two class situations:
When needs reduce pressure in test section, reduce the pressure-regulating valve aperture of condensation bypass, then in vapor-liquid separation tank, vapour amount reduces, condenser inlet outlet pressure differential increases, condenser low temperature side liquid level is made to decline, increase condensing heat-exchange area, increase condensing rate and pressure in test section is reduced, until again reaching balance；
When needs increase force value in test section, increase the pressure-regulating valve aperture of condensation bypass, then in vapor-liquid separation tank, vapour-liquid quantitative change is big, pressure raises, then condenser inlet outlet pressure differential reduces, and vapor-liquid separation pot liquid blows back into condenser, and in condenser, liquid phase influence basin increases, condensing rate declines, until system reaches balance again.
A kind of raising boiling elastic implementation of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation, raising cryogenic fluid boiling heat transfer mass dryness fraction and cryogenic fluid evaporating capacity account for the operating flexibility of total flow ratio and are accomplished by: according to payload of absorbing heat needed for cryogenic fluid evaporating capacity, the electrical heating input power of electric heater is controlled to adjust, thus changing in heat-conducting oil furnace conduction oil out temperature and then changing cold and hot medium logarithm heat transfer temperature difference and ensure that the sufficiently large heat release load of conduction oil realizes by power of controlled silicon controller.
Relatively disclosed boiling flowing heat transfer experimental system, the invention have the advantages that
(1) pressure in experimental system, temperature operation are elastic big, and this device low-temperature test power pressure opereating specification is up to 0.3～4.0MPa, and temperature range reaches 30～300 DEG C.
(2) in experimental system, the working fluid evaporating capacity operating flexibility is big, adopts power of controlled silicon controller control heat transfer oil electric heating input power and be beneficial to process of the test debugging and control.
(3) can be directly used for including the overall boiling of the various kinds of equipment such as tubing heat exchanger, heat-exchangers of the plate type, evaporation flowing Experimental Study of Heat Transfer and performance test.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention schematic flow sheet.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of improving the boiling elastic process unit of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation, testing equipment includes: 1, heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump, and 2, preheater, 3, test section, 4, pressure-regulating valve, 5, vapor-liquid separation tank, 6, condenser, 7, cooler, 8, air cooler, 9, heat-conducting oil furnace.Vapor-liquid separation tank 5, condenser 6 are equipped with liquidometer.
Explanation device of attaching most importance to forms, and except having special role valve, the conventional effusion meter of engineering, thermometer, Pressure gauge and valve pipe fitting is not illustrated.
The boiling elastic process unit of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation is improved, including cryogenic fluid closed circuit and heat transfer oil circulation loop as it is shown in figure 1, a kind of.
Low-temperature test working medium selects water or low boiling working fluid acetone, freon refrigerant etc., within the scope of normal pressure～4.0MPa, and boiling spread 30～300 DEG C.With different industries boiling flowing heat transfer test needs such as satisfied oil refining, chemical industry, electronics, refrigeration.
Cryogenic circulation loop technological process: test working medium injects heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump 1, preheater 2, test section 3, the cold side runner of condenser 6, and meets the liquid level that vapor-liquid separation tank 5 requires.
Starting heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump 1, low-temperature test working medium is after heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump 1 supercharging is flowed out, and a road is as flowing into the vapor-liquid separation tank 5 test refrigerant flow rate with regulable control entrance test section 3 after the backflow cooled device 7 of by-pass.After another road inflow preheater 2 is heated to design temperature, flows into test section 3 and also formed stream-liquid two-phase flow by high temperature refrigerant heating vaporization.Wherein, a part of vehicle repair major working medium flows into bottom vapor-liquid separation tank 5 after being condensed by condenser 6, and another part flows into condensation bypass, flows into vapor-liquid separation tank 5 from knockout drum 5 cylinder upper end and pass through Gravity Separation after pressure-regulating valve 4 regulates pressure.
After vapor-liquid separation tank 5 inner bottom part liquid phase experiments working medium is extracted out by heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump 1, A partial experiment working medium again flows into preheater 2, test section 3 to recycle.Another part test working medium flows into inside vapor-liquid separation tank 5 liquid phase after bypassing cooled device 7 cooling down as backflow.The effect arranging cooler in backflow bypass is to regulate temperature of liquid in vapor-liquid separation tank 5, it is to avoid in vapor-liquid separation tank 5, trickle is vaporized.
In cooler 7, low temperature side cooling water also flows into air cooler 8 after heating up with test working medium heat exchange, flows into cooler 7 again with circulating cooling cooler 7 high temperature side saturation experiments working medium after being cooled down by air.
The cooling water heat exchange of condenser 6 low temperature side flows into air cooler 8 after heating up, and flows into condenser 6 again with circulating cooling condenser 6 high temperature side vehicle repair major the working fluid after being cooled down by air.
Heat transfer oil circulation loop technological process: heating agent working medium is used uniformly across boiling point and reaches 300～350 DEG C of conduction oils.Ensure there is enough heat transfer temperature difference power between conduction oil and low-temperature test water, freon, ethanol.Conduction oil injects the hot side runner of high temperature circulation loop and preheater 2, test section 3.
According to low-temperature test hot working fluid load and vaporization rate requirement, adopt the electrical heating input power of power of controlled silicon controller control and regulation electric heater by heat-conducting oil heating to high enough temp.After heating conduction oil divide two-way flow into preheater 2, test section 3, respectively with test working medium heat exchange after, pass back into heat-conducting oil furnace 9.
Cryogenic fluid closed circuit increases pressure operation elasticity and is accomplished by:
Regulate condenser 6 heat exchange area and condensing rate in condensation bypass, then can change vapor-liquid separation tank 5 intrinsic pressure, and then the mode changing heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump 1 back pressure regulates system pressure, it is ensured that bigger pressure operation is elastic.With cryogenic fluid closed circuit pressure change, low-temperature test working medium boiling temperature changes therewith, high temperature refrigerant conduction oil temperature also respective change.Pressure regulates and is divided into two class situations:
When needs reduce pressure in test section 3, reduce pressure-regulating valve 4 aperture of condensation bypass, then in vapor-liquid separation tank 5, vapour amount reduces, condenser 6 inlet outlet pressure differential increases, condenser 6 low temperature side liquid level is made to decline, increase condensing heat-exchange area, increase condensing rate and pressure in test section 3 is reduced, until again reaching balance.
When needs increase force value in test section 3, increase pressure-regulating valve 4 aperture of condensation bypass, then in vapor-liquid separation tank 5, vapour-liquid quantitative change is big, pressure raises, then condenser 6 inlet outlet pressure differential reduces, and in vapor-liquid separation tank 5, liquid blows back into condenser 6, and in condenser 6, liquid phase influence basin increases, condensing rate declines, until system reaches balance again.
Raising cryogenic fluid boiling heat transfer mass dryness fraction and cryogenic fluid evaporating capacity account for the operating flexibility of total flow ratio and are accomplished by:
According to payload of absorbing heat needed for cryogenic fluid evaporating capacity, adopt the electrical heating input power of power of controlled silicon controller control and regulation electric heater 10, change conduction oil out temperature and then change cold and hot medium logarithm heat transfer temperature difference and ensure that the sufficiently large heat release load of conduction oil realizes.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is improved the boiling elastic process unit of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation, it is characterised in that:
This process unit includes cryogenic fluid closed circuit and high temperature heat conductive oil closed circuit；
Described cryogenic fluid closed circuit includes heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump (1), this heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump (1) outlet line is divided into two-way, one tunnel connects cooler (7) hot side entrance as backflow bypass, and the hot side outlet pipeline of this cooler (7) connects the backflow adapter being positioned at vapor-liquid separation tank (5) cylinder lower end；Another road is connected with preheater (2) cold side input port, and preheater (2) cold side outlet port pipeline is connected to test section (3) cold side input port；
Described test section (3) cold side outlet port pipeline connects threeway and is divided into two-way；One road pipeline Bonding pressure regulates valve (4) entrance, and pressure-regulating valve (4) outlet line connects the test working medium being positioned at vapor-liquid separation tank (5) cylinder top and enters interruption-forming condensation bypass；Another road pipeline connects condenser (6) hot side entrance, and the hot side outlet pipeline of this condenser (6) connects with vapor-liquid separation tank (5) bottom, and namely vapor-liquid separation tank (5) forms linker with condenser (6)；
The cooling water entry and exit of air cooler (8) connect the cold side import and export pipeline of described cooler (7) cold side import and export pipeline and condenser (6) respectively；
Heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump (1) entrance connects with the bottom of vapor-liquid separation tank (5)；
Described high temperature circulation loop includes heat-conducting oil furnace (9), and the outlet of this heat-conducting oil furnace (9) is divided into two-way, and a road hot oil line connects preheater (2) hot side-entrance, and another road hot oil line is connected to test section (3) hot side entrance；The hot side outlet pipeline of described preheater (2) and test section (3) is all connected to heat-conducting oil furnace (9) entrance pipe；Electric heater (10) it is provided with in heat-conducting oil furnace (9).
2. a kind of raising boiling elastic process unit of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cryogenic fluid in described cryogenic fluid closed circuit is water, acetone, ethanol or freon refrigerant.
3. a kind of raising boiling elastic process unit of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: conduction oil used by described high temperature heat conductive oil closed circuit is the conduction oil of boiling point 300～350 DEG C.
4. a kind of raising boiling elastic process unit of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electrical heating input power of described electric heater (10) is controlled by power of controlled silicon controller.
5. one kind is improved the boiling elastic implementation of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation, it is characterized in that: cryogenic fluid closed circuit increases pressure operation elasticity and is accomplished by: regulate condenser (6) heat exchange area and condensing rate in condensation bypass, change vapor-liquid separation tank (5) intrinsic pressure, and then the mode changing heat resisting and pressure resisting low lift booster pump (1) inlet pressure regulates system pressure；With cryogenic fluid closed circuit pressure change, low-temperature test working medium boiling temperature changes therewith, high temperature refrigerant conduction oil temperature also respective change；Pressure regulates and is divided into two class situations:
When needs reduce pressure in test section (3), reduce pressure-regulating valve (4) aperture of condensation bypass, then the interior vapour amount of vapor-liquid separation tank (5) reduces, condenser (6) inlet outlet pressure differential increases, condenser (6) low temperature side liquid level is made to decline, increase condensing heat-exchange area, increase condensing rate and the interior pressure of test section (3) is reduced, until again reaching balance；
When needs increase force value in test section (3), increase pressure-regulating valve (4) aperture of condensation bypass, then the quantitative change of vapor-liquid separation tank (5) interior vapour-liquid is big, pressure raises, then condenser (6) inlet outlet pressure differential reduces, and vapor-liquid separation tank (5) interior liquid blows back into condenser (6), and in condenser (6), liquid phase influence basin increases, condensing rate declines, until system reaches balance again.
6. one kind is improved the boiling elastic implementation of flowing heat transfer experimental implementation, it is characterised in that: raising cryogenic fluid boiling heat transfer mass dryness fraction and cryogenic fluid evaporating capacity account for the operating flexibility of total flow ratio and are accomplished by:
According to payload of absorbing heat needed for cryogenic fluid evaporating capacity, the electrical heating input power of electric heater (10) is controlled to adjust, thus changing in heat-conducting oil furnace (9) conduction oil out temperature and then changing cold and hot medium logarithm heat transfer temperature difference and ensure that the sufficiently large heat release load of conduction oil realizes by power of controlled silicon controller.
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| CN107238627A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-10-10 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Conduction oil working medium forced circulation Comprehensive Experiment circuit system |
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| CN107300430A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-10-27 | 甘肃蓝科石化高新装备股份有限公司 | A kind of vacuum heat insulating low-temperature pipe leaking heat measurement apparatus and its measuring method |
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| CN111457766A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-07-28 | 中车大连机车研究所有限公司 | Traction converter cooling system based on boiling heat transfer |
| CN111457766B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2024-05-07 | 中车大连机车研究所有限公司 | Traction converter cooling system based on boiling heat transfer |
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| CN117213895A (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2023-12-12 | 山东正诺化工设备有限公司 | Detection device for coiled tube type heat exchanger under low-temperature working condition |
| CN117213895B (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2024-01-30 | 山东正诺化工设备有限公司 | Detection device for coiled tube type heat exchanger under low-temperature working condition |
| CN117250226A (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2023-12-19 | 甘肃蓝科石化高新装备股份有限公司 | Plate type heat transfer element working medium internal circulation small temperature difference phase change thermal test platform |
| CN117250226B (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-01-26 | 甘肃蓝科石化高新装备股份有限公司 | Plate type heat transfer element working medium internal circulation small temperature difference phase change thermal test platform |
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