CN1057158C

CN1057158C - Recoil self-offset method and device for guns and cannons

Info

Publication number: CN1057158C
Application number: CN 94109581
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘明玉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1994-08-26
Filing date: 1994-08-26
Publication date: 2000-10-04
Anticipated expiration: 2014-08-26
Also published as: CN1117576A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a universal recoil force self-counteracting method and a recoil force self-counteracting device for firearms. The present invention is characterized in that a cylinder and a piston are adopted as force applying devices, and a high-pressure gas in the bore of the firearm is adopted as a power source and flows into the cylinder from the gas inlet hole of the cylinder trough a hole or a gas-guide tube on a firearm tube. Furthermore, a force acting in opposite direction to the recoil force of a firearm machine is then generated on the piston and directly acts on the back end of a spring of a back seat, or acts through a draw rod and a bag block or similar equivalents thereof so as to pull or push the back end of the spring of the back seat to move forward for counteracting the recoil force, and thus, the back end of the spring of the back seat moves away from the longitudinal mechanical supporting point or the contact point surface of the body of the firearm. Therefore, the influence of the recoil force is eliminated, and firing accuracy is improved; moreover, the present invention solves the problems that the recoil force can not be totally counteracted by a buffer spring at present.

Description

Firearms are from the universal method and the device of the kick that disappears

The present invention relates to eliminate the universal method of the kick of weight weapon, and used annex (device).

Firearms are prolonging with spring always and are weakening kick.Along with the development of hydraulic technique, the utilization that recoil spring and hydraulic technique combine is designed to gun barrel and eliminates the vertical arm of force with gun stock on same axis, prevents on the muzzle and jumps.And trundle and the recoil spring kick a little less than the incompatible dispersion that matches is installed in the gunlock both sides.Perhaps improve the incompatible dispersion that matches of gunlock and recoil spring and weaken kick.

No. 10616584 patent disclosures a kind of " change direction by making the back seat momentum, realize recoilless shooting, rely on the restraining force of kicker to postpone to unblank ...." on its structure, the gunlock cylinder lever connecting rod is connected an end of kicker on the pull bar again, the other end is connected on the body of a gun, promptly descends in the machine casing.Realize the into function of answering of gunlock with motive force.It changes back seat momentum art designs in upper casing.Gunlock has the pore of front and back perforation on the gunlock in upper casing.Gunlock is subjected to air-flow to promote back seat, moves in the upper casing, and air-flow is around gunlock and the diffusion rapidly to casing of the perforation pore on the gunlock, and pressure is equal before and after the gunlock.All these methods all are the directions that changes the back seat momentum.But change the direction of back seat momentum in any case, gunlock will move to the magazine back, pushes away the into first element of function of answering that bullet loads to finish, and promptly back seat always needs power and speed to move backward.Needed this power of gunlock and speed can not be sponged fully by kicker, must also will be delivered to the body of a gun by kicker, the pulling body of a gun move backward (back seat).Pulling is that mode is different with promoting, and the result is the same, so kick still exists.

And the way that solves the cannon kick mainly is that muzzle brake is installed, and its effect is a lateral dispersion thorax implication stream, weakens air pressure, thereby weakens the recoil effect of thorax implication stream.The kick of gun tube still weakens buffering with spring.

The objective of the invention is: a kind of universal method and device of eliminating the firearms kick is provided, make the back send out the identical launching condition or the comparatively similar launching condition of bullet, the together first bullet of shell, shell, improve the precision of the fire accuracy of this type of weapon, particularly burst-firing.

Task of the present invention realizes as follows:

Firearms are from the universal method of the kick that disappears, be with cylinder, piston is the device of having an effect, drawing firearm chamber inner high voltage gas is power source, hole on gun barrel or wireway, hole on the cylinder enters cylinder, act on and produce one on the piston with opposite or the relative and equal power of firearms machine kick, this power also can be greater than or less than kick, this power can directly or be passed through pitch brace, pocket piece or their similar equivalent act on the rear end of recoil spring indirectly, the coexist front and back end of recoil spring of two opposing forces, and with spring force on the same axis of spring, recoil spring is worked under normal atmosphere (or low pressure) condition, this power is after rifle or big gun machine move to the certain distance in magazine (folder) back, offset or balance with kick, piston, left the vertical mechanical support point to the firearms body when pocket piece or similar equivalent starting, kick can't pass to the firearms body.

Realizing the device of said method, is that prior art is improved,

It is rear end at the recoil spring of former gunlock, be provided with one do not have the back end or part arranged after the cylinder at the end, piston directly withstands on the rear end of recoil spring, have air admission hole on the cylinder, wireway that is communicated with gases at high pressure in the bore and cylinder air admission hole be arranged on body of a gun side top or below, the back of cylinder is provided with gas block panel or decompression tube.

The present invention is because in the rear end of the recoil spring of gunlock, place one do not have the back end or part arranged after the cylinder at the end, form an open semi open model cylinder.Aerodynamic force in the cylinder is by convincing pore on the gun barrel by patient analysis, introducing thorax inner high voltage gas through wireway.Suffered pressure is identical or different with the suffered pressure of gunlock on the piston, is controlled design.Gas promotes piston advances forward, leave relatively vertically mechanical support point (face)---piston limited block (circle) to the body of a gun, the kick of gunlock can not pass to the body of a gun through recoil spring again, kick itself can not eliminated (but also be useful, because the present invention does not change the conventional func of firearms machine).But can offset or balance by the opposite force that produces on the piston, therefore can eliminate the influence of kick, improve fire accuracy.

Fig. 1 is a front section view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 covers formula piston cutaway view;

Fig. 3 is a bucket formula piston cutaway view;

Fig. 4 is the cross-section cutaway view of shared gunlock of Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 and spring guide pipe;

Fig. 5 is second kind of embodiment cutaway view of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is recoilless the third embodiment cutaway view of automatic gun;

Fig. 7 is the gun barrel of Fig. 6 and the sectional drawing that there is pull bar boosting cylinder 3 both sides;

Fig. 8 is the cross-section cutaway view of Fig. 6 pocket piece place slideway and slide opening pull bar;

Fig. 9 is the gun barrel of Fig. 6 and the cross-section cutaway view of following open cylinder;

The front section view of the recoilless pistol of Figure 10;

Figure 11 is the integrated component of going around in circles of used pitch brace on Figure 10;

Figure 12 is the structure section cutaway view of bulge on the gun barrel of Figure 10

Figure 13 is a kind of front section view of recoilless pistol;

Figure 14 is the structure section cutaway view of bulge on the gun barrel of Figure 13;

Figure 15 is the muzzle front section view of Figure 13;

Figure 16 is the section plan of the gun barrel of Figure 13;

Figure 17 is the front section view of the recoilless automatic gun of open cylinder and boosting cylinder conjoined structure;

Figure 18 is the section plan of the integrated cylinder of Figure 17;

Figure 19 is the front section view of recoilless structure of the two-way cylinder in same chamber of automatic gun;

The front section view of the recoilless structure of Figure 20 on gun barrel;

Figure 21 is the section plan of the recoilless structure of Figure 20;

Figure 22 is the cross-section cutaway view of pocket piece, semicircle pull bar and the pocket piece slideway of Figure 20;

Figure 23 is the flat figure cutaway view of consubstantiality locellus cylinder;

Figure 24 is the cross-section cutaway view of Figure 23;

The front section view of a kind of recoilless structure of Figure 25 pistol;

Figure 26 is the gun barrel of Figure 25 and the cross-section cutaway view of cylinder;

Figure 27 is the incorporate section plan of pitch brace pocket piece of Figure 25;

Figure 28 is another used lateral plan of going around in circles on Figure 27;

Figure 29 is the front view of Figure 28;

Figure 30 is the front section view of a kind of recoilless structure of using on the cannon;

Figure 31 is a just figure sectional plane of the front view of Figure 30 and bulge

Figure 32 is the bulge cross-section cutaway view of Figure 31, the A-A portion of Figure 31;

Figure 33 is pull bar and the stabilizing ring cross-section cutaway view of Figure 31, the B-B portion of Figure 31;

Figure 34 goes around in circles and the cross-section cutaway view of front tension bar the C-C portion of Figure 31 before for Figure 31;

Figure 35 goes around in circles and the cross-section cutaway view of back stay the D-D portion of Figure 31 after for Figure 31;

Figure 36 is the cross-section cutaway view of bulge at the bore rear portion of Figure 31, the E-E portion of Figure 31;

Figure 37 is with the front section view of annular piston and buffering spring structure for the outside of shell case thorax pipe;

Figure 38 is the cross-section cutaway view of Figure 37 rear end bulge;

Figure 39 is the front section view that the resistance barrel structure is arranged;

Figure 40 is the front perspective view of Figure 30 and 31;

Figure 41 is the perspective rear view of Figure 30 and 31.

Embodiments of the present invention as Fig. 1, are placed a cylinder 7 in the rear end of former gunlock recoil spring, the end after this cylinder does not have the end, back or part is arranged, form an open or semi open model cylinder.Its structure is as gun barrel, and piston 9 is as gunlock, and its direction is opposite with muzzle.The direction of motion of piston 9 is opposite or relative with the back seat direction of gunlock 2, and the direction of the power that produces on the piston 9 is forward.The aerodynamic force of cylinder is to enter cylinder through wireway 22 introducing thorax inner high voltage gases through air admission hole by convincing pore 20 on the gun barrel 1 by patient analysis.Suffered pressure on the piston 9 can be identical or different with the suffered pressure of gunlock.The guide post of former recoil spring 4 can change guide pipe 5 into, and effect is the same.The end of former recoil spring 4 withstands on the piston 9, works between gunlock 2 and piston 9, and works under the gas normal pressure all the time, and guide pipe opening 21 communicates with space outerpace.Piston limited block 23 is housed in the cylinder.If cylinder is placed on other position of the body of a gun, available pull bar 10 or other member are added in the power that produces on the piston end of former recoil spring, the direction of power remains forward, another effect of former recoil spring is promptly answered into effect (pushing away bullet loads) and is not changed, no matter be to close thorax to wait to hit or cut open the chest to wait and hit, simultaneously piston 9 resetted.Because gunlock (or the member that fuses with gunlock), spring, piston be in can before and after the state of movable (moving about), and on an axis, gunlock and piston while extrusion spring during work, gunlock front end and piston rear end do not have vertical mechanical support point (contact point) with respect to the body of a gun, have only the mutually opposite air cushion of direction.Wireway can be arranged on body of a gun side.Because cylinder inner high voltage air-flow sprays backward, the back of cylinder should be provided with gas block panel 12 or decompression tube 24.The back edge of the back end of gas block panel or decompression tube with cylinder will maintain a certain distance so that fill the dispersed gas decompression.The air admission hole 20 of cylinder is opened on the cylinder body of the side of cylinder, the angle of inclination before the air admission hole orientation in cylinder on the leading portion, and the inject high pressure air-flow is promptly to piston direction vectored injection high pressure draught.This air-flow can be sprayed directly on on the piston, also can be sprayed on the front inner wall, and refraction rushes at piston.Its objective is concentrated gas pressure.Can certainly adopt the technical method of nondirectional routine, but on the position, should heap air-flow near piston.The air admission hole of common closed cylinder is not preferably opened on the back end of cylinder yet.Closed cylinder drives the speed that pore will take into account the gas that looses into.

Cylinder can be divided into forward type and rear-mounted, is the boundary with the gunlock, and forward type is in the majority.The position difference of cylinder on the body of a gun, the structure of member that promotes or spur former recoil spring end is also different.The shape of member, structure can arbitrarily design.

This method with cylinder in the forward type or be attached on the gun barrel, the opposite force that produces on the piston is acted on the rear end of recoil spring by pitch brace, pocket piece or their similar equivalent, the pulling spring rear end travels forward, and the structural design of leaving vertical mechanical support point (face) of firearms body is an optimum implementation.Its operation principle is the operation principle that masterpiece is used in the recoil spring rear end the same directly with piston.Its advantage is: 1, piston and firearms machine while or the while of being close to (moment) starting.2, need not or shorten wireway, the decompression that can avoid length and volume because of wireway to produce.

Its operation principle is: when bore inner high voltage gas promotes gunlock rear-facing seat (motion backward), almost (moment) gases at high pressure enter cylinder through its directional air-guiding hole 8 of gas port 20, wireway 22, cylinder simultaneously, promote piston advances forward, produce a power forward, gas sprays backward simultaneously, spills into the space.This moment, former recoil spring only played the bumper and absorbing shock effect between gunlock and piston, and spring force is less than the power on gunlock or the piston.According to the function design of gunlock, gunlock moves rearwards to the certain distance in bullet back in the magazine.According to the controlled design of piston, piston advances forward certain distance.A power backward, a power forward, two power equate, because direction is opposite or relative, and obtain balance or counteracting on same straight line (axis).Gunlock and piston then become inactive state (or having stopped motion) when two dynamic balances (or counteracting).Be subjected to the former recoil spring of the extruding of two ends opposing force to be in the shortest state this moment.The spring force of this moment equals kick.This moment, spring still kept certain pitch at last, just can not be extruded into a rigid body.Two power are extrusion spring simultaneously, and two kinds of opposite power finally obtain buffering between gunlock, former recoil spring and piston, until offsetting (or balance).Because the no mechanical strong point on gunlock, spring and the piston fore-and-aft direction for the body of a gun of this moment has only the opposite air cushion of direction.Because open cylinder is provided with the end, back, gases at high pressure spray backward, and aerodynamic force can not promote cylinder move backward (cylinder is to be fixed on the body of a gun).Left the mechanical support point (face) to the body of a gun when piston or the starting of pocket piece, the kick of gunlock no longer passes to the body of a gun (gun stock).

The back end of gas block panel or decompression tube, will maintain a certain distance with the back edge of open cylinder, and the gas so that abundant decompression is loose prevents that the gases at high pressure that cylinder sprays backward from promoting the gas block panel or a decompression end, back, related body of a gun back seat.The semi open model cylinder that the end after the part is arranged is no matter its geometry how, has small kick (thrust backward).If the semi open model cylinder designs rationally certainly, also may not can produce kick (thrust backward)

After the thorax internal gas pressure weakened, the cylinder internal gas pressure also weakened simultaneously thereupon.Under the effect of spring force, gunlock advances and pushes away bullet to load again, and piston also resets.

The recoilless design of cannon also can be according to this method, and kick no longer passes to gun platform (gun carriage, year gun carriage body).

According to this method, cylinder just can adopt common cylinder (closed cylinder that the back end is arranged that promptly has only a piston).Adopt this kind design of this kind cylinder, the operation principle of its gunlock, former recoil spring and piston (back seat equilibrium of forces or counteracting method) as previously mentioned.The kick of gunlock can not pass to the body of a gun again and (gun stock).But because the cylinder body of back spirit cylinder is arranged is certain position that is fixed on the body of a gun (gun stock) [or synthetic whole with the body of a gun (holder)], and open semi open model cylinder also is so fixing.When the gases at high pressure in the cylinder promoted piston advances forward, stressed cylinder body also can be done rightabout motion at the end behind the cylinder body.Because the quality different (the boosting piston of gunlock also has been subjected to power, take into account) of the same body of a gun of piston (with the incorporated cylinder body of the body of a gun), under the stressed equal condition in inside, the speed of motion is also different with distance.Especially two opposing forces on piston and the gunlock are preceding at lack of equilibrium (or unmatched), and piston moves hurry up, and cylinder body (with the body of a gun) motion is slow.Cylinder body is incorporated with the body of a gun, and the power of motion backward of cylinder body promptly is the kick of rifle.This kind kick can be called second kick.Also might not can produce this phenomenon, perhaps because this phenomenon that do not produce reasonable in design.

The movement velocity of cylinder body and piston and distance can be controlled by time, aeration quantity, air pressure or the pressure of inflation, the length of cylinder body, size (being stressed size), volume and the other factors of cylinder bore cross-sectional area.Under the certain condition of aeration quantity, cylinder bore diameter cross-sectional area big (or cylinder body is long, volume is big, low pressure etc.), the speed that cylinder body moves backward is then slow, and Yun Dong distance is then littler backward.Inversely proportional with the cylinder diameter cross-sectional area.If the cylinder bore cross-sectional area is one times or several times of a gunlock lifting surface area (gas operated running fire automatic gun also has backward, and the lifting surface area of the boosting piston of boosting gunlock motion also will add), second kick then is 1/2nd or a few branch several of original kick.What so obtain is the kick that major part weakens.This kind design is still much better than than the effect of existing technical method.

No matter be open, semi open model cylinder, still common closed cylinder, piston can be in the inside of cylinder, also can be in the outside of cylinder.Outer piston can have diversified form.For example cover formula piston (Fig. 2)---resembling an average dome 9, to get lodged in cylinder 7 front ends uncovered, but must have similar slideway (track) guide function structure with guarantee this piston at the volley all the time with cylinder on same axial line; Bucket formula piston 9 (Fig. 3)---be enclosed within cylinder 7 outsides as bucket, and can have leakage hole 18 spacing, the move distance of limited piston.

Pitch brace 10 also can be in the inside or the outside of cylinder.Pitch brace externally also can have diversified form (pattern) structure, and is can be with piston integrated and have a pull bar function.The rear end of pull bar must be held the rear end (for example: pocket piece 11 or go around in circles etc.) of former seat spring with certain form structure.Perhaps piston directly withstands the rear end of former recoil spring, masterpiece is used in the rear end of spring.

The form of cylinder (pattern) can combine with prior art, for example: spirit cylinder (Fig. 4)---the cylinder back segment also has a back piston 25 in the buffering back, back piston and back are cushioned on the back segment casing walls with spring 26 at the end can also establish groove or bulge 14, when back piston 25 moves rearwards to groove or bulge 14, gas is gas injection in the cylinder of back piston back rapidly, strengthen the back in-cylinder pressure, to offset back piston seat power backward.Spring also can directly be against on the rifle body, works under normal atmosphere or under the low pressure.Secondary piston 9 duties, as previously mentioned.This is a kind of modification method on the basis of this method

Open semi open model cylinder also can be according to the movement velocity and the move distance of all multifactor control pistons of cylinder.The geometry of cylinder, structure can variedization, be not restricted to one pattern.

Directly or indirectly can there be two kinds of forms in its directional air-guiding hole of form.1, tilt to piston direction, the direct injection piston belongs to direct form.Air-flow tilt to spray casing wall, and refraction sprays to piston, does not perhaps do directional inclination, but should near perforate piston, and purpose is to concentrate air pressure to promote the piston motion.This dual mode belongs to indirect form.Also can adopt other direct or indirect form.

Former recoil spring will consider to redesign its dynamics and length.Former recoil spring is in the extruding that is subjected to the two ends opposing force, and the back that gunlock may not reach the magazine bullet when reaching short status does not intactly become to push away the bullet function of loading.To consider during redesign that gunlock should reach the certain distance of magazine bullet back, to guarantee to push away the load reliability of function of bullet.

In a word, this method has adopted the have an effect device of a cylinder as the opposite force of kick, draws the source of the interior high pressure gas of rifle (big gun) thorax as aerodynamic force, produces direction power forward on piston, and is opposite or relatively with the direction of kick.Cylinder can be fixed on any suitable position of firearms, directly or by pull bar (or member of similar pull bar function) this opposite force is added (acting on) end to former recoil spring, to realize the purpose of two kinds of opposing forces of balance (or counteracting).This opposite force should be with kick on straight line (axis), and direction is opposite or relatively, what have also can be on same straight line; This opposite force should equal kick, also can be greater than or less than kick, but must be greater than the dynamically preceding restraining force of spring.Former recoil spring should be under the condition of normal atmosphere (or low pressure), plays buffering, damping, balance and advance to reset again between rifle (big gun) machine and piston (or terminal pocket piece of pitch brace).Gas block panel that shields or decompression tube (bucket) can be any geometries, and maintain a certain distance with the back edge of open semi open model cylinder, to fill the dispersed gas decompression.

Because the function difference of different weapons, structure (structure) difference, just require the designer according to this method, (comprise the time according to all multifactor of control cylinder piston, fully measure, the capacity amount, pressure, pressure, lifting surface area, movement velocity and distance, the length of spring and dynamics, cylinder location, air admission hole, the geometry of cylinder, the volume of cylinder, decompression degree and other factors) and optimum data comprise that the vertical force arm (can be by calculating and experiment obtains, should belong to general domain knowledge), design flexible realizes the constructional device of this method, recoilless various concrete structures (structure) forms (pattern) of design weapon.

This method can be used in combination (or and using) with other prior art, for example: with muzzle brake and usefulness, with hush pipe and usefulness.

It is varied to realize that alternate manner of the present invention has, as Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Figure 10, Figure 13, Figure 17, Figure 19, Figure 20, Figure 23, Figure 25, Figure 30, Figure 37, the practical pattern that can design varied heteroid recoilless structure shown in Figure 39.

As shown in Figure 6,1 gun barrel among the figure, 2 gunlocks, the boosting cylinder of 3 gunlocks, 4 bufferings, recoil check spring, 5 spring guide pipes.6 guard timbers, the body of a gun needn't draw.7 open cylinders can be in the gun barrel bottom, also can be on gun barrel top, and 8 its directional air-guiding holes make pressure concentrate the cylinder front end.9 pistons are with the sliding sleeve integrator.Cartridge type sliding sleeve 15 is enclosed within on the gun barrel and moves reciprocatingly.There is the falcon groove at the middle part, prevents that sliding sleeve from rotating, and also plays the slideway effect.10 pull bars, left-right symmetry, front end is connected on the sliding sleeve 15, in the distortion of ejector opening place, walks around ejector opening, and the rear end connects pocket spring piece 11, and pocket is in the rear end of spring 4.The pocket piece moves reciprocatingly along slide opening 13 in spring guide pipe 5.Cylinder is when the gun barrel bottom, and pull bar is connected on the sliding sleeve 15.Pull bar is with gunlock kick point-blank (on the axis horizontal face).The piston center is a short and small arm of force to the distance of pull bar.This arm of force may make on the muzzle and jump, and also may not influence or have minor impact.If last jumping, muzzle can be used in combination with muzzle brake or with other prior art.There is not jumping problem on the muzzle in cylinder when gun barrel top.12 gas block panels are in order to the protection hand.

Be a kind of front section view of recoilless pistol as shown in figure 13.

This is to be a kind of recoilless pattern of example with the pistol, can certainly be used for the firearms of other kind.

Outside the front portion of gun barrel 1, be with a bulge 14.The groove 27 that connects before and after on bulge, having.In groove, have direction its directional air-guiding hole 8 forward at the front end of bulge, be close to annular piston 9.Annular piston, board-like pull bar 10, pocket piece 11 are incorporate members.Annular piston 9 be enclosed within gun barrel 1 front end or with annular bucket formula piston bush on bulge 14.Pocket piece pocket on the pitch brace is in the rear end of former recoil spring 4.The pocket piece 29 of sliding sleeve front end catches the front end of former recoil spring 4.Around bulge and annular piston, be wrapped in sliding sleeve 15 and board-like pull bar 10, form a kind of special cylinder baffle pattern, channeling groove 27 its effects that front and back on the bulge connect are exactly to have formed an open cylinder (open channels or half section groove can not decided because of specific design).When air-flow sprays forward through its directional air-guiding hole, promote annular piston and travel forward, the rear end that spurs recoil spring by pull bar, pocket piece travels forward.Sliding sleeve moves backward, and the front end that the pocket piece of front end then spurs recoil spring moves backward.Two kinds of opposing forces seat spring afterwards are to offset (or balance) on the straight line of axis.28 is gun platform.

Realize that another kind of the present invention is about embodiment, as shown in figure 10.

Be the front section view of recoilless pistol as shown in figure 10.

The structure of the bulge 14 of gun barrel 1 anterior periphery is identical with the structure of Figure 13, and 9 in piston is a barrel formula.Bucket formula piston 9 board-like pull bars 10 and to go around in circles 11 are integrated components.Also can be enclosed within on the gun barrel of bulge 14 back with the connector recoil spring 4 that links together.Bucket formula piston 9 is enclosed within on leading portion gun barrel and the bulge 14.(piece) 11 covers (card) of going around in circles catch the rear end of recoil spring 4 at the gun barrel back segment.29 of the pocket pieces of sliding sleeve front end are stuck on the bulge 14 back gun barrels (being close to bulge), catch the front end of recoil spring 4.

The influence that this design does not exist the vertical arm of force to bring.Piston drive pull bar, the pulling spring rear end of going around in circles travel forward during work.Gunlock drives sliding sleeve pocket piece pulling spring front end and moves backward.Two opposing forces are balance each other on the line of straight line (or counteracting) in the axis with gun barrel.

Be the front section view of the recoilless automatic gun of open cylinder and boosting cylinder conjoined structure as shown in figure 17.This is a kind of form of integrated cylinder, on the top of gun barrel, looks to resemble double-barrelled gun.

Open cylinder 7 links to each other with gunlock boosting cylinder 3 front and back.The 17th, the bottom of boosting cylinder 3 also is the partition wall of integrated cylinder, and wedge shape or streamlined partition wall have branch gas depressurization to the diffusing gas of front air cylinder 7.The piston of boosting cylinder fuses with gunlock 2.Open cylinder 7 is divided into two sections.Leading portion is the slideway of piston 9 motions, and leakage hole 18 can be opened in both sides, and effect is spacing.Also can be spacing with other factors and method, can be not spacing yet.Back segment is cylinder 7 main bodys, and cylinder main body back segment both sides also can be provided with leakage hole.Along with dividing air bound wall 17 that certain distance is arranged, link to each other up and down behind the cylinder, both sides are opened wide, and are air dispelling hole 16.Fill the dispersed gas decompression, make it partition wall is not had the power of promotion.Connect the piston 9 in the open cylinder before the pull bar 10, pass partition wall 17 and pass the piston of boosting cylinder and the integrated component 2 of gunlock, connect pocket spring piece (sheet) last 11 after passing buffering recoil check spring 4 (also having played guide post).Pocket spring piece (sheet) 11 motions are in slideway 19, and are steady with the axis that keeps pull bar.The air admission hole 8 of open cylinder is directional inclination forward, air-flow and pressure is concentrated, forward in the direction set of piston 9.The air admission hole 20 of boosting cylinder 3 is not done requirement.Spring guide pipe 5 is opened vertical long mouthful 21.Buffering recoil check spring 4 (former recoil spring) just can contact the external space in guide pipe 5, be among the normal atmosphere state.21 also is the slideway of gunlock 2.1 is gun barrel.

Be the front section view of recoilless structure on gun barrel as shown in figure 20.

The structure of Figure 20 is similar with Figure 17.Also be to place integrated cylinder on gun barrel top.

It is integrated cylinder that open cylinder 7 links to each other with boosting cylinder 3.Open cylinder 7 is divided into the front and back section and has leakage hole and air dispelling hole 16.Different is pull bar 10 wraps in integrated cylinder and guide pipe 5 with the semi circular shells form outside.Front end has a bar to be connected with piston 9, is that slideway moves reciprocatingly with cylinder baffle 7.The rear end connects pocket piece 11 by slide opening 13, catches spring 4 rear ends, and (perhaps the pocket piece is enclosed within on the guide post and moves reciprocatingly.

Pull bar 10 among the figure is connected with pocket piece 11 by top slide opening 13.

The pull bar 10 of Figure 21 is connected with pocket piece 11 from horizontal both sides slide opening 13.As Figure 22.

Being the section plan of consubstantiality locellus cylinder as shown in figure 23, is

consubstantiality locellus cylinder

7 and 3, and the centre has partition wall 17 that cylinder closed cylinder 7 and boosting cylinder 3 are separated.Piston 9 is enclosed within the cylinder outside with the form of bucket, and cylinder lever connecting rod 10.The partition wall 17 of cylinder has pore 20, and air-flow seals in another cylinder 7 from a cylinder 3.Surplus all basic identical.

Figure 19 is with the two-way cylinder in chamber, and promptly the boosting piston of pull bar 10 pistons 9 and gunlock 2 is in same cylinder.Two-piston moves to the two ends rightabout simultaneously.Gas port 8 can be directed pore, also can not be.Can open vent 16 (or air dispelling hole) on the contraction flow region of cylinder rear end, to reduce to the pressure on the cylinder half back floor space (contraction flow region).Other structure is basic identical.This structure can be Figure 17, Figure 20 is shared.

Be the front section view of a kind of recoilless structure of pistol as shown in figure 25.

This is just to form the open open cylinder of front end of front end when work.This figure is applied as example with this kind cylinder on pistol.Also can be used for other rifle class.

Cylinder 7 is in the front lower place of gun barrel 1, and in trough 28, overstriking as far as possible extends.Its directional air-guiding hole 8 is at the leading portion of cylinder 7, its objective is that gas imports cylinder after, directly rush at piston, air pressure is concentrated on the piston, residual air is filled with cylinder.In moment, the pressure of cylinder bottom is lower than the pressure on the piston, to weaken the kick of cylinder bottom.Piston 9 travels forward, and opens wide cylinder 7 prosopyles, forms the open cylinder of front end.Also played limited piston move forward (promptly spacing) when loosing gas.Cylinder shell is outside to be used as guide post, and recoil spring 4 is enclosed within on " guide post ".Piston 9 fuses with pull bar 10, pocket spring coil 11, and pocket spring coil 37 is enclosed within on " guide post ", catches recoil spring 4 rear ends and moves reciprocatingly.Encasing the cylinder shell outside with circular arc pull bar 10, is that slideway moves reciprocatingly with cylinder 7 troughs 28.Cylinder can not opened air dispelling hole by the first half both sides that the semi arch pull bar encases.Also can open the function that air dispelling hole has muzzle brake 16 concurrently at the both sides oblique upper.Cylinder groove 39, spring groove 38 are arranged in the circular arc pull bar.

The sliding sleeve 15 of pistol is a straight line with the slide rail, and gunlock 2 back seats are arranged on the straight line, and the reaction force of 4 pairs of sliding sleeve pockets of recoil spring piece 29 is arranged down.Two force directions are opposite, and not point-blank.Under the effect of two opposing forces, the rear end can move downward (rotation) on the straight line, and the preceding lower end of straight line can move upward (rotation), as Figure 42.This has just formed going up of muzzle and has jumped, although be faint.Jump phenomenon in order to eliminate issuable going up, can and use muzzle brake.

Be the front section view of a kind of recoilless structure of using on the cannon as shown in figure 30.

This is a kind of form (pattern) that this method is used on cannon.In the bulge (14) with the bore rear portion, the bore at shell case place part is separated with the form of thorax pipe 34, but still is connected mutually with main armament thorax 1.Bullet is among main cartridge chamber, and big gun machine 40 is on shell case thorax pipe.Back stay 31 is connected with shell case thorax pipe 34, passes (preventing that pull bar and thorax pipe from rotating) in the chute of the gun tube rear outside from the horizontal plane of bore axis.Go around in circles after passing again in 33 the chute, 32 be connected with preceding going around in circles.

The channeling groove 27 that connects before and after open bulge 14 both sides on the gun tube front portion.Its directional air-guiding hole 8 of jet is forward arranged in the groove, and bucket formula piston 9 is enclosed within on the bulge 14, and air dispelling hole 16 can be opened in the back segment both sides on the bucket formula piston.Constitute open cylinder.Piston connects front tension bar 30 up and down.Front tension bar both sides up and down outside the gun tube on the bore axis, and the stabilizing ring 36 of multiple tracks pull bar is arranged.Go around in circles before front tension bar passes up and down on 32 chute with after go around in circles and 33 be connected.Pull bar stabilizing ring, front and back are gone around in circles and balancing spring 4 all is enclosed within on the gun tube.A balancing spring pinching is gone around in circles in the centre in front and back.So, form two equal opposing forces point-blank (on the gun tube axis).

If 27 of the channeling grooves on the bulge of gun tube front portion are opened leading portion, back segment is not opened, and does not do perforation.Bucket formula piston when stressed travelling forward, back just exhaust along the time through the channeling groove.Certainly also from the air dispelling hole exhaust of piston both sides.So just formed the semi open model cylinder.

Because shell case thorax pipe is separated from bore.The thorax pipe has increased the lifting surface area of kick again when stressed back seat, i.e. the cross-sectional area of shell case thorax pipe.Address this problem, can put annular piston 41 and buffering spring 4 in the outside of shell case thorax pipe, to weaken the pressure on this part area.Can also increase the lifting surface area of the bucket formula piston on the gun tube front portion and throughput of gas port or the like as Figure 37.As Figure 32.Right half figure.

As shown in figure 39 for the front section view of resistance barrel structure is arranged.Not being both in the structure do not separate bore, but puts the resistance tube 42 that the big gun machine is housed on the gun tube rear portion.Resistance tube 42 is connected with back stay 31, prevents that the falcon groove that rotates can be on the resistance tube inwall and the gun tube outside.Surplus all identical.

Structure among Figure 37 Figure 39 Figure 30 can be used in combination with prior art.

Also can be used in combination with the prior art of cannon with this method.This method not only can be applicable to can also be used for the transformation of existing weapons on the modern weapon.

Owing to adopt this method, might realize the automatic running fire and the multitube artillery salvo of cannon.For rocket gun, cheap.

Because the structure of firearms varies, and this method is a universal method.Needn't draw among the figure for example concrete structure of firearms, the basic structure and the operation principle of the several forms (pattern) conceived according to this method of only drawing.Be intended to illustrate the recoilless concrete structure that to design any form (pattern) according to this method neatly simultaneously, realize that the device of this method can be different because of different designs.

No matter the recoilless structure of any form (pattern) and (together) firearms concrete combine and member between be connected and installed, can both can finish with its professional knowledge by designer's specific design, and take by force at most and just be connected and installed problem.The noise problem of back draught can solve with prior art.

About the time difference problem:

The time difference here is meant that the firearms machine begins back seat and piston begins the proal time difference.Time difference is that the length by the gun barrel gun tube forms.From theory, the motion of sub-shell should be to do rightabout motion simultaneously with the firearms machine.When bullet moves to the thorax mouth, the firearms machine segment distance that also moved.And, because design problem is jumped the back seat that invariably accompanies and is carried out simultaneously on the thorax mouth.But because the quality of firearms machine (firearms body in addition) is much larger than the quality of bullet.The movement velocity of firearms machine and distance are then far below the movement velocity and the distance of bullet.Move to the thorax mouth so that work as bullet, the back seat distance of firearms machine and last hop distance (amplitude) are finished very little must having no effect to its fire accuracy.No matter be the old-fashioned weapon or the weapon of present using advance technology, this point all has been described.

The starting of piston is close to identical with the time that bullet moves to the thorax mouth.In fact from design, the starting of piston moves to the time of thorax mouth prior to bullet.So the time difference problem has not become problem.However, best mode in design should be tried one's best and do not adopted wireway, and gases at high pressure directly enter cylinder by gas port and promote the piston motion.Or the length of shortening wireway.Even can be without cylinder, high pressure draught directly promotes a barrel formula piston through its directional air-guiding hole.

Percussion.After bullet went out thorax, the gunlock back seat of unblanking left the strong point (vertically contact point) to gun barrel; Piston advances forward spurs pocket spring piece and travels forward simultaneously, leaves the strong point (vertically contact point or summit) to the body of a gun, and kick can't be delivered to the body of a gun.Gunlock continues back seat to the magazine back, the pocket spring piece certain distance that also travelled forward.At this moment, spring is compressed to the shortest, and the counter-force that equals kick or equal to produce on the piston.Kick balances each other with counter-force, gunlock and pocket spring piece (or piston) moment static (stopping relative motion).Then, air-flow leaves in the thorax, and air pressure lowers, and gunlock and pocket spring piece are multiple under the effect of spring force to be advanced to reset.Burst-firing repeats above-mentioned action.

Claims

1, a kind of firearms are from the universal method of the kick that disappears, it is characterized in that: with cylinder, piston is the device of having an effect, drawing firearm chamber inner high voltage gas is power source, hole on gun barrel or wireway, hole on the cylinder enters cylinder, act on and produce one on the piston with opposite or the relative and equal power of firearms machine kick, this power also can be greater than or less than kick, this power can directly or be passed through pitch brace, pocket piece or their similar equivalent act on the rear end of recoil spring indirectly, the coexist front and back end of recoil spring of two opposing forces, and with spring force on the same axis of spring, recoil spring is worked under normal atmosphere (or low pressure) condition, this power is after rifle or big gun machine move to the certain distance in magazine (folder) back, offset or balance with kick, piston, left the vertical mechanical support point to the firearms body when pocket piece or similar equivalent starting, kick can't pass to the firearms body.

2, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the opposite force that utilizes closed cylinder to produce on piston comes balance or offsets the kick that the firearms machine produces, and the relative motion of piston and cylinder bottom surface produces second kick of (maybe may produce) then by increasing movement velocity and the distance that piston area, lengthening cylinder or low pressure come control piston.

3, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: utilize closed cylinder as the device of having an effect, and issuable second kick of the relative motion of piston and cylinder floor space, with have buffering afterwards the cylinder at the end cushion once more.

4, a kind of device of realizing the described method of claim 1, be that prior art is improved, be characterised in that: in the rear end of the recoil spring of former gunlock, be provided with one do not have the back end or part arranged after the cylinder at the end, piston directly withstands on the rear end of recoil spring, have air admission hole on the cylinder, wireway that is communicated with gases at high pressure in the bore and cylinder air admission hole be arranged on body of a gun side top or below, the back of cylinder is provided with gas block panel or decompression tube.

5, device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: open, semi open model, closed or improve after closed cylinder on gun barrel, or be attached to or close gun barrel, directly drive pore into or enter cylinder with short-range missile tracheae conducting firearm chamber inner high voltage gas, travel forward when piston is stressed, opposite or relative with the kick direction, the firearms machine is at the front end of recoil spring, pocket piece or similar equivalent are in the rear end of recoil spring, pull bar or similar equivalent front end connect piston, the rear end connects pocket piece or similar equivalent, piston, pull bar can be with the firearms machine, recoil spring, pocket piece or similar equivalent three are on an axis, also can be not on an axis, but firearms machine, recoil spring, pocket piece or similar equivalent must be on same axis, be in can before and after the state of movable (moving about), recoil spring is under big normal pressure or the low pressure condition

Perhaps the kick of firearms machine acts on the front end of recoil spring by pull bar, pocket piece or their similar equivalent, and the opposite force that produces on the piston acts on the rear end of recoil spring by pull bar, pocket piece or their similar equivalent.

6, as claim 4 or 5 described devices, it is characterized in that the air admission hole on the said cylinder opens on the cylinder sidewall leading portion, promptly near position of piston, the angle that (to piston) tilts before the orientation, but air communication is crossed its directional air-guiding hole direct injection piston, also can be injected on the cylinder inner wall, refraction rushes at piston, also can adopt nondirectional routine techniques, but should be near piston on the position

Air admission hole also can adopt other mode, angle and position, and purpose then should be to concentrate the pressure of gas to piston.

7, as claim 4 or 5 described devices, it is characterized in that: cylinder can adopt any form structure, and cylinder leading portion and back segment can have symmetrical leakage hole respectively, and gas leakage (gas looses) hole also can be arranged simultaneously,

Even can be without cylinder, high pressure draught sprays from its directional air-guiding hole, directly promotes bucket formula piston or similar equivalent.

8, as claim 4 or 5 described devices, it is characterized in that said cylinder piston can be to cover formula piston or bucket formula piston or similar equivalent, piston, pull bar or their similar equivalent can be in the inside or the outsides of cylinder,

(or connection) pocket piece or similar equivalent is equipped with in the rear end of pull bar or similar equivalent.