CN105714858A - Deep sea pressure resistant device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep sea pressure resistant device. The deep sea pressure resistant device comprises a steel reinforcement framework which is in a shape of an eggshell and is symmetrical along the axis of the pressure resistant device; the inner layer and the outer layer of the steel reinforcement framework are both filled with concrete; the two ends of the steel reinforcement framework are the large end and the small end correspondingly; a man hole is formed in both the large end and the small end; one end of the man hole is connected with a man hole cover through a sealing gasket; the other end of the man hole is connected with a sight glass flange; the sight glass flange is connected with a sight glass base through a sealing gasket; a piece of sight glass glass is installed on the sight glass base; and the sight glass glass is fixed to the sight glass base through a hold-down ring. According to the egg-shaped concrete pressure resistant device, the effect that the eggshell can excellently resist uniformly distributed load, and the concrete pressure resistant characteristic is fully utilized, and an egg-shaped pressure resistant shell framework structure is built by means of steel reinforcements. The steel reinforcement layer serves as the middle surface, the interior and the exterior are filled with the concrete, the pressure resistant shell wall thickness is formed, the structure of the steel reinforcement framework is closer to the outline of a goose egg, and accordingly the pressure resistant characteristic of the structure is better achieved.

Description

A deep-sea pressure-resistant device

technical field

The invention relates to an egg-shaped concrete pressure-resistant device, which belongs to deep diving equipment.

Background technique

Submersibles are important equipment for ocean exploration and deep-sea scientific research. As an important part of the submersible, the pressure shell plays a role in ensuring the normal operation of internal equipment and the health and safety of personnel during the dive process. Its weight accounts for 1% of the total weight of the submersible. /2-1/4. The design of the pressure hull has an important impact on the safety, carrying capacity and performance of the man-machine ring of the submersible.

The pressure hull is a thin shell structure that withstands hydrostatic pressure. It is required to have good safety, reserve buoyancy, space utilization, and hydrodynamic characteristics to improve the overall performance of the submersible. The pressure hull of deep-sea submersibles is mostly a spherical structure, which has the advantages of high strength, good stability, low buoyancy coefficient, and high material utilization rate, but the space utilization rate is low, the hydrodynamic properties are poor, it is quite sensitive to defects, and it is difficult to process and manufacture , it is impossible to optimally coordinate the safety, carrying capacity and man-machine environment characteristics of the submersible.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an egg-shaped concrete pressure-resistant device, which makes full use of the eggshell's ability to resist uniform loads and the pressure-resistant properties of concrete, and uses steel bars to build an egg-shaped pressure-resistant device. Shell skeleton structure. With the reinforcement layer as the middle surface, the inside and outside are filled with concrete to form a thick pressure-resistant shell, making the steel skeleton structure closer to the shape of a goose egg, so as to better exert its pressure-resistant characteristics.

Technical solution: In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, an egg-shaped concrete pressure-resistant device of the present invention includes a steel skeleton, the steel skeleton is eggshell-shaped, and the steel skeleton is symmetrical about the axis of the pressure-resistant device, and the inner layer of the steel skeleton and the The outer layer is filled with concrete. The two ends of the steel skeleton are the big end and the small end. There are manholes on the big end and the small end. One end of the manhole is connected to the manhole cover through a gasket, and the other end of the manhole is connected to the sight glass. Flange connection, the flange of the sight glass is connected with the base of the sight glass through a gasket, the glass of the sight glass is installed on the base of the sight glass, and the glass of the sight glass is fixed on the base of the sight glass through a compression ring, the manhole and the flange of the sight glass are connected with the base of the sight glass concrete connection.

Preferably, the reinforcement skeleton includes transverse stress bars and longitudinal stirrups, and the stress bars and longitudinal stirrups are arranged alternately and connected into a main body by welding.

As a preference, the two ends of the stressed tendon are sharp ends and blunt ends, and the bending shape of the stressed tendon satisfies:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&PlusMinus;</span>\sqrt{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>$

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1.057</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2.372</span>}}$

Among them, L is the long axis of the egg-shaped concrete pressure-resistant device, B is the short axis of the egg-shaped concrete pressure-resistant device, and a coordinate system is defined on the surface where the stressed tendon is selected, and the tip is the coordinate origin, which is also a point of the stressed tendon The end point, the blunt end is the other end point of the stressed tendon, the line connecting the two end points of the stressed tendon is the x-axis, the y-axis is perpendicular to the x-axis in the plane where the stressed tendon is located, and the origin is one of the stressed tendons The endpoint, the positive direction of the x-axis is the origin pointing to the other endpoint, the distance between the two endpoints is L, and the maximum projected distance of the stress tendon on the y-axis is B/2. Through the study of the egg-shaped structure has good pressure resistance, compared with the traditional spherical and cylindrical pressure shells, the egg-shaped pressure shell is better in terms of pressure resistance, buoyancy coefficient, and space utilization. Through experimental analysis, the N-R equation has the highest degree of agreement with the outer contour of the goose egg. Therefore, choosing the N-R curve as the shape of the stress shell reinforcement can make the egg-like structure closer to reality and give full play to the advantages of the egg-shaped structure.

Preferably, the stress ribs are evenly spaced about the axis.

Preferably, the interval between adjacent stress tendons is 15°.

Preferably, the manhole and the sight glass flange are sealed with concrete by coating silicone glue.

Eggshell is a multi-focus, rotary thin-wall structure that satisfies the positive Gaussian curve, and has the advantages of good weight-strength ratio, span-thickness ratio, streamlined, aesthetic characteristics, and reasonable material distribution; eggshell satisfies the dome principle, There is no need for additional rib support, and sufficient strength and stability can be obtained by using the least amount of material; under the action of uniform pressure, the eggshell can resist external loads through in-plane pressure, showing super pressure resistance characteristics. It can provide effective biological information for pressure shell design.

As a building material, concrete is widely used in building structures, bridge structures and some special structures because of its high compressive strength, strong deformation resistance, impermeability, sound insulation, and earthquake resistance. These characteristics are well integrated with the requirements of subsea pressure-resistant equipment.

Fully integrating the pressure resistance characteristics of concrete and eggshells to design submarine pressure resistance equipment can not only improve the pressure resistance characteristics, but also greatly save costs.

Beneficial effects: the egg-shaped concrete pressure-resistant device of the present invention has the following advantages:

1) The present invention makes full use of the eggshell's ability to resist uniformly distributed loads and the pressure resistance of concrete. Imitating the shape of a goose egg, steel bars are used to build an egg-shaped pressure shell skeleton structure; the steel bar layer is used as the middle surface, and the inside and outside are filled with concrete to form the thickness of the pressure shell; the radial bending shape of the steel bars conforms to the N-R equation curve, making the steel bar skeleton The structure is closer to the shape of a goose egg, so as to better exert its pressure resistance characteristics.

2) The large end and the small end of the pressure shell of the present invention are respectively provided with a sight glass and a manhole. The opening is strengthened by thicker steel bars made of stirrups, and the base of the manhole and the manhole cover are designed in the shape of an egg-shaped tip to ensure the streamlined shape of the pressure shell.

3) The stirrup at the opening is connected to the manhole and the peephole by welding; after the concrete is cast, the concrete and the flange of the manhole and the flange of the sight glass are sealed with silicone glue; to ensure that the concrete on the outer wall of the pressure shell does not Corroded by seawater, the outer surface of the pressure hull needs to be coated with waterproof paint.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the goose egg coordinate system

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the concrete pressure-resistant overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of the steel bar skeleton of the concrete pressure-resistant device of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the manhole device;

Fig. 5 is the right side view of manhole device;

Figure 6 is a sectional view of the observation window device;

Fig. 7 is a left view of the observation window device;

Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of the manhole and concrete seal

Among them, 1—manhole; 2—the main reinforcement of the steel structure is the stress reinforcement; 3—concrete; 4—mirror; 5—mirror flange; 6—silicone glue; 7—stirrup; 8—manhole cover; 9 —Sealing gasket: 10—compression ring; 11—mirror glass; 12—mirror base.

detailed description

As shown in Figures 2 to 8, an egg-shaped concrete pressure-resistant device 3 according to the present invention includes a steel skeleton, the steel skeleton is eggshell-shaped, and the steel skeleton is symmetrical about the axis of the pressure-resistant device, and the inner layer of the steel skeleton and the outer layer are filled with concrete 3, and the two ends of the steel skeleton are the big end and the small end, and a manhole 1 is arranged on the big end and the small end, and one end of the manhole 1 is connected with the manhole cover 8 through a gasket 9, and the manhole The other end of the hole 1 is connected with the mirror flange 5, the mirror flange 5 is connected with the mirror base 12 through the gasket 9, the mirror base 12 is installed with the mirror glass 11, and the mirror glass 11 is fixed by the compression ring 10 On the mirror base 12 , the manhole 1 and the mirror flange 5 are connected to the concrete 3 . The thickness of the concrete is 1/5 times of the long axis, and the material: select the concrete model as C35.

In the present invention, the steel bar skeleton includes transverse stress bars 2 and longitudinal stirrups, the stress bars 2 and longitudinal stirrups are arranged in a staggered manner and connected into a main body by welding, the entire stress bars are egg-shaped, and the stress The two ends of the tendon are egg-shaped tip and blunt end, and the bending shape of the stressed tendon 2 satisfies the N-R equation curve:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&PlusMinus;</span>\sqrt{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>$

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1.057</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2.372</span>}}$

Among them, L is the long axis of the egg-shaped concrete pressure-resistant device, B is the short axis of the egg-shaped concrete pressure-resistant device, and a coordinate system is defined on the surface where the stressed tendon is selected, and the tip is the coordinate origin, which is also the stressed tendon The blunt end is the other end point of the stressed tendon, the line connecting the two endpoints of the stressed tendon is the x-axis, the y-axis is perpendicular to the x-axis in the plane where the stressed tendon is located, and the origin is the stressed tendon One endpoint of , the positive direction of the x-axis is the origin pointing to the other endpoint, the distance between the two endpoints is L, and the maximum projected distance of the stress tendon on the y-axis is B/2 tip. The coordinate system is established as shown in Figure 1.

In the present invention, the stressed tendons 2 are uniformly distributed with respect to the axis, and the interval between adjacent stressed tendons 2 is 15°. The manhole 1 and the mirror flange are sealed with the concrete 3 by coating silicone glue 6 . Longitudinal stirrups: Through research, the stress at the equator is the largest, so the stirrups (diameter 20‐30mm) are arranged at the equator, and the stirrups (diameter 12‐ 20mm) in this way, a suitable reinforcement grid can be formed, which can not only make the concrete solidify more fully, but also make the pressure shell bear more uniformly.

In the present invention, the manhole 1 imitates the shape of the tip of a goose egg, that is, the curve design of the tip section of the N-R equation curve is used to design the manhole 1, and a sealing gasket 9 is provided between the manhole 1 and the manhole cover 8; The manhole cover 8 is connected by bolts. During work, the staff can control the switch of the manhole cover 8 by rotating the bolts inside the pressure-resistant device.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a deep-sea pressure-resistant apparatus, it is characterized in that: include framework of steel reinforcement, described framework of steel reinforcement is eggshell state, framework of steel reinforcement is about the axisymmetrical of pressure-resistant apparatus, internal layer and outer layer at framework of steel reinforcement are all filled with concrete, the two ends of framework of steel reinforcement are big end and small end, big end and small end are equipped with manhole, manhole one end is connected with manhole cover by sealing gasket, the manhole other end and visor Flange joint, visor flange is connected with visor base by sealing gasket, visor base is provided with endoscopy glass, endoscopy glass is fixed on visor base by hold-down ring, manhole and visor flange are all connected with concrete.

2. egg type concrete pressure-resistant apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described framework of steel reinforcement comprises horizontal principal rod and longitudinal stirrup, and principal rod is staggered with longitudinal stirrup and passes through to be welded to connect into a main body.

3. egg type concrete pressure-resistant apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the two ends of described principal rod are most advanced and sophisticated and blunt end, and the curved shape of principal rod meets:

$y=+\sqrt{L^{\frac{2}{n+1}}{x}^{\frac{2n}{n+1}}-x^2},$

$n=1.057{\left(\frac{L}{B}\right)}^{2.372}$

Wherein, L is the major axis of egg type concrete pressure-resistant apparatus, B is the short axle of egg type concrete pressure-resistant apparatus, optional face, a principal rod place definition coordinate system, tip is zero, also it is an end points of principal rod, blunt end is another end points of principal rod, the line of two end points of principal rod is x-axis, being perpendicular to x-axis in plane residing for principal rod is y-axis, and initial point is an end points of principal rod, and x-axis positive direction is that initial point points to another end points, distance between two end points is L, and principal rod maximal projection distance on the y axis is B/2.

4. egg type concrete pressure-resistant apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described principal rod is uniformly distributed about axis interval.

5. egg type concrete pressure-resistant apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: adjacent principal rod be spaced apart 15 °.

6. egg type concrete pressure-resistant apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described manhole and visor flange seal with concrete by being coated with silicone adhesive.