CN105714156A - Method for preparing three-dimensional interpenetrated Al2O3/Al composite by utilizing in-situ reaction - Google Patents
Method for preparing three-dimensional interpenetrated Al2O3/Al composite by utilizing in-situ reaction Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
- C22C1/1015—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by preparing or treating a non-metallic additive preform
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
- C22C1/1015—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by preparing or treating a non-metallic additive preform
- C22C1/1021—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by preparing or treating a non-metallic additive preform the preform being ceramic
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1068—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1073—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure, e.g. squeeze casting
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- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/12—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on oxides
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a three-dimensional interpenetrated Al2O3/Al composite by utilizing an in-situ reaction. The method comprises the following steps: adding SiO2 powder, boric acid, ammonium polyacrylate and carboxymethyl cellulose into water for mixing, so as to prepare a SiO2 ceramic slurry; immersing polyurethane foam into the SiO2 ceramic slurry for vacuum impregnation and slurry loading, drying and then sintering to prepare SiO2 reticulated ceramic, putting the SiO2 reticulated ceramic into a molten Al liquid at 800-1100 DEG C, and performing heat preservation for 20-240 min. The method has the advantages that the in-situ reaction is adopted, so that the interface between an Al2O3 reinforcement and an Al matrix is clear and the bonding property is good; the Al2O3 ceramic prepared from the in-situ reaction maintains the appearance and the structure of the SiO2 reticulated ceramic prepared before the in-situ reaction; the prepared Al2O3 reticulated ceramic serves as an reinforcement, is continuously distributed in the Al matrix, and can effectively disperse the load and improve the strength of the Al2O3/Al composite; and the prepared Al2O3 reticulated reinforcement is harder than the Al matrix, and can effectively improve the abrasive resistance of the Al2O3/Al composite.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of material technology, relate to one and utilize reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite.
Background technology
The advantages such as it is little that aluminium alloy has density, and specific strength is high, easy shaping, are one of traffic transport industry desired metallic materials realizing light weight high-speed target, are widely applied at industrial circle.The approach of further reinforced aluminium alloy performance is in that to form composite, as: particle strengthening, fibre strengthening etc..But traditional complex method also exists some problems: 1). dispersion inequality, it is easy to reunite, cause the unstable properties of material；2). anisotropy (fibre strengthening), the performance of material different orientation differs；3). discontinuous in reinforcement three dimensions, reinforced effects has much room for improvement；4). there is a upper limit in the addition of ceramic phase reinforcement；
In recent years, three-dimensional network ceramic reinforced Al-alloy obtains concern as a kind of advanced composite material (ACM).In three-dimensional network composite, reinforcement and metal present bicontinuous structure, and the two is interweaved through at three dimensions, network ceramic as reinforcement is uniform in three-dimensional spatial distribution, isotropism, can disperse rapidly transmission, so that the mechanical property of composite is improved by concentrated stress.Three-dimensional network ceramic reinforced Al-alloy composite utilize the high rigidity of aluminium oxide ceramics, high-modulus, high intensity, low-density while, played the effect of alloy matrix aluminum good toughness, made the combination property of composite be further enhanced.
Owing to Al is to Al2O3Pottery wettability poor (1050 DEG C, 10-4Under Pa vacuum condition, Al2O3Angle of wetting between pottery and Al is 90.5 °), so using Al2O3Pottery and Al direct combination, easily cause interface cohesion not tight, the defects such as pore occur, have a strong impact on the performance of composite.There are some researches show, between the matrix of composite prepared by reaction in-situ and reinforcement, the compatibility is good, and interface bond strength is high.Both at home and abroad prepare the research of composite about reaction in-situ not rarely seen, for instance, utilize SiO2Granule (powder) generates Al in the reaction of aluminum (aluminium alloy) liquid situ2O3Ceramic particle reinforced phase.But, the problem that this kind of method exists the reinforcement distribution of particles inequality that reaction is formed.Although adopting various alr mode, but silicon oxide powder can not realize being uniformly distributed in metallic aluminium, and at high temperature, silicon oxide just has started to react with aluminum liquid when stirring, and the component distributing causing composite is uneven, have impact on the performance of composite, it is important that, the non-three-dimensional network composite of composite formed, does not form connection, actually particulate reinforced composite between reinforcement.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome prior art Problems existing, present invention aim at providing one to utilize reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, composite prepared by the method is clear with aluminum substrate interface due to aluminium oxide reinforcement, is well combined, so having good mechanical property and anti-wear performance.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
One utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, comprises the following steps:
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: by SiO2Powder, water, boric acid, ammonium polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose are added to the water, and are configured to SiO after mix homogeneously2Ceramic size；Wherein, SiO2The mass ratio of powder and water is 3:(1～2)；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and boric acid is: (10～20): 1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and ammonium polyacrylate is (10～16): 1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and carboxymethyl cellulose is (200～250): 1；
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: after polyurethane foam being soaked in NaOH solution, removes thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerses and carry out activation processing in PVA solution；
(3) hanging: the polyurethane foam pretreated through step (2) is immersed in SiO2Ceramic size carries out vacuum impregnation hanging, then dries, obtain dried base substrate；
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sintered, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under an argon atmosphere, by SiO2Network ceramic immerses in molten aluminum liquid, and is cooled to room temperature after insulation 20min～240min at 800～1100 DEG C, obtains three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.
SiO in step (1)2The particle diameter of powder is 200 orders.
Step (1) mix homogeneously is realized by wet grinding.
In step (2), polyurethane foam hole number is 10ppi～50ppi.
Polyurethane foam being immersed in step (2) in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20%, the time of immersion is 5h.
In step (2), the mass fraction of PVA solution is 5%；Activation processing carries out at 60 DEG C, and the time of activation processing is 24h.
In step (3), the vacuum of vacuum impregnation hanging is-0.1MPa, and the time of dipping is 5～10 minutes.
In step (4), the actual conditions of sintering is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, after insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature.
In step (5), argon flow amount is 20mL/min～30mL/min.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that the present invention passes through network silicon oxide ceramics and reacts at a certain temperature with aluminum, aluminum generates network aluminium oxide ceramics, forms three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.Owing to have employed reaction in-situ, so the aluminium oxide reinforcement in this kind of material is clear with aluminum substrate interface, it is well combined；The aluminium oxide ceramics that reaction generates maintains outward appearance and the structure of the front network silicon oxide ceramics of reaction；The network aluminium oxide ceramics formed is as reinforcement, and structure in aluminum substrate, distribution, mass fraction can be designed and control by preparing corresponding silicon oxide ceramics base substrate；The aluminium oxide network ceramic formed as reinforcement, continuous distribution in aluminum substrate, it is possible to effectively distractive load, improve the intensity of aluminium oxide/aluminium composite material；The network aluminium oxide reinforcement formed is harder relative to aluminum substrate, it is possible to be effectively improved the wearability of aluminium oxide/aluminium composite material；In addition, the elemental silicon of generation is arranged in matrix, forms typical aluminium-silicon alloys tissue, and aluminum substrate has certain invigoration effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is SiO in embodiment 72Network ceramic macro morphology.
Fig. 2 is the through Al of three-dimensional of embodiment 72O3/ Al composite macrograph photo.
Fig. 3 is the through Al of three-dimensional of embodiment 72O3/ Al composite microscopic appearance figure (secondary electron pattern).
Fig. 4 is the through Al of three-dimensional of embodiment 72O3/ Al composite microscopic appearance figure (backscattered electron pattern).
Fig. 5 is the through Al of three-dimensional of embodiment 72O3/ Al composite XRD diffraction pattern.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by the form of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: weigh the SiO of 70g analytical pure 200 order2Powder, weighs 7gH3BO3, weigh 0.3g carboxymethyl cellulose, measure 30mL water, measure 4.9mL ammonium polyacrylate, pour in mixing bottle by the material mixing of weighing and after stirring, add Ceramic Balls wet grinding 24h on batch mixer, obtain SiO2Ceramic size；
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: taking hole number is after 10ppi polyurethane foam soaks 5h in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20%, rub thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerse in the PVA solution that mass fraction is 5% activation processing 24h at 60 DEG C.
(3) hanging: pretreated polyurethane foam is immersed SiO2Carrying out vacuum impregnation hanging in ceramic size, vacuum is-0.1MPa, and dip time is 5 minutes, takes out base substrate, be dried at room temperature, at a normal, obtain dried base substrate after hanging.
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sent into sintering in atmospheric air stove, and concrete sintering process is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, is cooled to room temperature after insulation 3h, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under Ar gas atmosphere, by Al heating and melting to liquid, by prepared SiO2Network ceramic immerses in melted Al liquid, and Al immersion oozes parcel SiO2Network ceramic, is cooled to room temperature after being heated to 800 DEG C of insulation 2h, obtains three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.Wherein, argon flow amount is 20mL/min.
Embodiment 2
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: weigh the SiO of 70g analytical pure 200 order2Powder, weighs 7gH3BO3, weigh 0.3g carboxymethyl cellulose, measure 30mL water, measure 4.9mL ammonium polyacrylate, pour in mixing bottle by the material mixing of weighing and after stirring, add Ceramic Balls wet grinding 24h on batch mixer, obtain SiO2Ceramic size；
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: taking hole number is after 20ppi polyurethane foam soaks 5h in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20%, rub thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerse in the PVA solution that mass fraction is 5% activation processing 24h at 60 DEG C.
(3) hanging: pretreated polyurethane foam being immersed in described SiO2 ceramic size and carry out vacuum impregnation hanging, vacuum is-0.1MPa, and dip time is 5 minutes.Take out base substrate after hanging, be dried at room temperature, at a normal, obtain dried base substrate.
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sent into sintering in atmospheric air stove, and concrete sintering process is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, is cooled to room temperature after insulation 3h, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under Ar gas atmosphere, by Al heating and melting to liquid, by prepared SiO2Network ceramic immerses in melted Al liquid, and Al immersion oozes parcel SiO2Network ceramic, is cooled to room temperature after continuing to be heated to 800 DEG C of insulation 2h., obtain three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.Wherein, argon flow amount is 30mL/min.
Embodiment 3
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: weigh the SiO of 70g analytical pure 200 order2Powder, weighs 7gH3BO3, weigh 0.3g carboxymethyl cellulose, measure 30mL water, measure 4.9mL ammonium polyacrylate, pour in mixing bottle by the material mixing of weighing and after stirring, add Ceramic Balls wet grinding 24h on batch mixer, obtain SiO2Ceramic size；
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: taking hole number is after 30ppi polyurethane foam soaks 5h in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20%, rub thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerse in the PVA solution that mass fraction is 5% activation processing 24h at 60 DEG C.
(3) hanging: pretreated polyurethane foam is immersed described SiO2Carrying out vacuum impregnation hanging in ceramic size, vacuum is-0.1MPa, and dip time is 5 minutes, takes out base substrate, be dried at room temperature, at a normal, obtain dried base substrate after hanging.
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sent into sintering in atmospheric air stove, and concrete sintering process is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, is cooled to room temperature after insulation 3h, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under Ar gas atmosphere, by Al heating and melting to liquid, by prepared SiO2Network ceramic immerses in melted Al liquid, and Al immersion oozes parcel SiO2Network ceramic, is cooled to room temperature after continuing to be heated to 800 DEG C of insulation 2h, obtains three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.Wherein, argon flow amount is 20mL/min.
In embodiment 1～3, polyurethane foam aperture used is different, it was demonstrated that control the purpose of the structure of pottery, distribution, mass fraction in composite by adopting the polyurethane foam of different pore size to reach.
Embodiment 4
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: weigh the SiO of 70g analytical pure 200 order2Powder, weighs 7gH3BO3, weigh 0.3g carboxymethyl cellulose, measure 30mL water, measure 4.9mL ammonium polyacrylate, pour in mixing bottle by the material mixing of weighing and after stirring, add Ceramic Balls wet grinding 24h on batch mixer, obtain SiO2Ceramic size；
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: taking hole number is after 20ppi polyurethane foam soaks 5h in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20%, rub thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerse in the PVA solution that mass fraction is 5% activation processing 24h at 60 DEG C.
(3) hanging: pretreated polyurethane foam is immersed in described SiO2 ceramic size and carries out vacuum impregnation hanging, vacuum is-0.1MPa, and dip time is 5 minutes, takes out base substrate after hanging, it is dried at room temperature, at a normal, obtains dried base substrate.
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sent into sintering in atmospheric air stove, and concrete sintering process is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, is cooled to room temperature after insulation 3h, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under Ar gas atmosphere, by Al heating and melting to liquid, by prepared SiO2Network ceramic immerses in melted Al liquid, and Al immersion oozes parcel SiO2Network ceramic, is cooled to room temperature after continuing to be heated to 900 DEG C of insulation 2h, obtains three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.Wherein, argon flow amount is 20mL/min.
Embodiment 5
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: weigh the SiO of 70g analytical pure 200 order2Powder, weighs 7gH3BO3, weigh 0.3g carboxymethyl cellulose, measure 30mL water, measure 4.9mL ammonium polyacrylate, pour in mixing bottle by the material mixing of weighing and after stirring, add Ceramic Balls wet grinding 24h on batch mixer, obtain SiO2Ceramic size；
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: taking hole number is after 20ppi polyurethane foam soaks 5h in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20%, rub thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerse in the PVA solution that mass fraction is 5% activation processing 24h at 60 DEG C.
(3) hanging: pretreated polyurethane foam is immersed in described SiO2 ceramic size and carries out vacuum impregnation hanging, vacuum is-0.1MPa, and dip time is 5 minutes, takes out base substrate after hanging, it is dried at room temperature, at a normal, obtains dried base substrate.
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sent into sintering in atmospheric air stove, and concrete sintering process is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, is cooled to room temperature after insulation 3h, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under Ar gas atmosphere, by Al heating and melting to liquid, by prepared SiO2Network ceramic immerses in melted Al liquid, and Al immersion oozes parcel SiO2Network ceramic, is cooled to room temperature after continuing to be heated to 1000 DEG C of insulation 2h, obtains three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.Wherein, argon flow amount is 20mL/min.
Embodiment 6
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: weigh the SiO of 70g analytical pure 200 order2Powder, weighs 7gH3BO3, weigh 0.3g carboxymethyl cellulose, measure 30mL water, measure 4.9mL ammonium polyacrylate, pour in mixing bottle by the material mixing of weighing and after stirring, add Ceramic Balls wet grinding 24h on batch mixer, obtain SiO2Ceramic size；
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: taking hole number is after 20ppi polyurethane foam soaks 5h in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20%, rub thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerse in the PVA solution that mass fraction is 5% activation processing 24h at 60 DEG C.
(3) hanging: pretreated polyurethane foam is immersed in described SiO2 ceramic size and carries out vacuum impregnation hanging, vacuum is-0.1MPa, and dip time is 5 minutes, takes out base substrate after hanging, it is dried at room temperature, at a normal, obtains dried base substrate.
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sent into sintering in atmospheric air stove, and concrete sintering process is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, is cooled to room temperature after insulation 3h, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under Ar gas atmosphere, by Al heating and melting to liquid, by prepared SiO2Network ceramic immerses in melted Al liquid, and Al immersion oozes parcel SiO2Network ceramic, is cooled to room temperature after continuing to be heated to 1100 DEG C of insulation 2h, obtains three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.Wherein, argon flow amount is 20mL/min.
Referring to Fig. 1, the silica network that hole number the is 20ppi pottery that embodiment 7 is prepared.
Referring to Fig. 2, as seen from Figure 2, this material has typical three-dimensional communicating structure.
Referring to Fig. 3, utilize the through aluminium oxide of three-dimensional/aluminium composite material interface prepared by described method clear, be well combined.
Referring to Fig. 4, utilizing and occur in that strip elementary silicon in the aluminum substrate in the through aluminium oxide/aluminium composite material of three-dimensional prepared by described method, silicon and aluminum form typical aluminium-silicon alloys tissue.
Referring to Fig. 5, to utilize the through aluminium oxide of three-dimensional/aluminium composite material thing phase composition prepared by described method be aluminium oxide, aluminum, silicon.
Embodiment 7
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: by 200 order SiO2Powder, water, boric acid, ammonium polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose are added to the water, by being configured to SiO after wet grinding mix homogeneously2Ceramic size；Wherein, SiO2The mass ratio of powder and boric acid is: 20:1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and ammonium polyacrylate is 10:1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and carboxymethyl cellulose is 200:1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and water is 3:1.
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: be 5h after 50ppi polyurethane foam is soaked in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20% by hole number, remove thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerse the PVA solution that mass fraction is 5% carries out activation processing 24h at 60 DEG C；
(3) hanging: the polyurethane foam pretreated through step (2) is immersed in SiO2Carrying out vacuum impregnation hanging in ceramic size, wherein, vacuum is-0.1MPa, and the time of dipping is 6 minutes, then dries, and obtains dried base substrate；
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sintered, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；Wherein, the actual conditions of sintering is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, after insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature.
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under an argon atmosphere, by SiO2Network ceramic immerses in molten aluminum liquid, and is cooled to room temperature after insulation 20min at 1100 DEG C, obtains three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.Wherein, argon flow amount is 20mL/min.
Embodiment 8
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: by 200 order SiO2Powder, water, boric acid, ammonium polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose are added to the water, by being configured to SiO after wet grinding mix homogeneously2Ceramic size；Wherein, SiO2The mass ratio of powder and boric acid is 10:1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and ammonium polyacrylate is 13:1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and carboxymethyl cellulose is 230:1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and water is 3:2.
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: be 5h after 40ppi polyurethane foam is soaked in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20% by hole number, remove thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerse the PVA solution that mass fraction is 5% carries out activation processing 24h at 60 DEG C；
(3) hanging: the polyurethane foam pretreated through step (2) is immersed in SiO2Carrying out vacuum impregnation hanging in ceramic size, wherein, vacuum is-0.1MPa, and the time of dipping is 7 minutes, then dries, and obtains dried base substrate；
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sintered, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；Wherein, the actual conditions of sintering is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, after insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature.
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under an argon atmosphere, by SiO2Network ceramic immerses in molten aluminum liquid, and is cooled to room temperature after insulation 60min at 1000 DEG C, obtains three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.Wherein, argon flow amount is 25mL/min.
Embodiment 9
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: by 200 order SiO2Powder, water, boric acid, ammonium polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose are added to the water, by being configured to SiO after wet grinding mix homogeneously2Ceramic size；Wherein, SiO2The mass ratio of powder and boric acid is 15:1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and ammonium polyacrylate is 16:1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and carboxymethyl cellulose is 250:1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and water is 3:1.5.
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: be 5h after 30ppi polyurethane foam is soaked in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20% by hole number, remove thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerse the PVA solution that mass fraction is 5% carries out activation processing 24h at 60 DEG C；
(3) hanging: the polyurethane foam pretreated through step (2) is immersed in SiO2Carrying out vacuum impregnation hanging in ceramic size, wherein, vacuum is-0.1MPa, and the time of dipping is 10 minutes, then dries, and obtains dried base substrate；
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sintered, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；Wherein, the actual conditions of sintering is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, after insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature.
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under an argon atmosphere, by SiO2Network ceramic immerses in molten aluminum liquid, and is cooled to room temperature after insulation 240min at 800 DEG C, obtains three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.Wherein, argon flow amount is 30mL/min.
The invention provides a kind of three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite, described Al2O3/ Al composite comprises SiO2Network ceramic and metal fine aluminium, the present invention utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite includes SiO2The preparation of ceramic size, the pretreatment of organic foam, hanging, base substrate dry and sintering, SiO2The steps such as the compound of network ceramic and metal Al, the through Al of described three-dimensional2O3/ Al composite has good mechanical property and anti-wear performance.The through Al of described three-dimensional2O3The reinforcement of/Al composite is evenly distributed in the composite, controlled, accounting is adjustable.This kind of material can be widely used in industrial circle.
Claims (9)
1. one kind utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)SiO2The preparation of ceramic size: by SiO2Powder, water, boric acid, ammonium polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose are added to the water, and are configured to SiO after mix homogeneously2Ceramic size；Wherein, SiO2The mass ratio of powder and water is 3:(1～2)；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and boric acid is: (10～20): 1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and ammonium polyacrylate is (10～16): 1；SiO2The mass ratio of powder and carboxymethyl cellulose is (200～250): 1；
(2) pretreatment of polyurethane foam: after polyurethane foam being soaked in NaOH solution, removes thin film between polyurethane foam muscle, then immerses and carry out activation processing in PVA solution；
(3) hanging: the polyurethane foam pretreated through step (2) is immersed in SiO2Ceramic size carries out vacuum impregnation hanging, then dries, obtain dried base substrate；
(4)SiO2The sintering of pottery: dried base substrate is sintered, obtains SiO2Network ceramic；
(5)Al2O3The preparation of/Al composite: under an argon atmosphere, by SiO2Network ceramic immerses in molten aluminum liquid, and is cooled to room temperature after insulation 20min～240min at 800～1100 DEG C, obtains three-dimensional through Al2O3/ Al composite.
2. one according to claim 1 utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, it is characterised in that SiO in step (1)2The particle diameter of powder is 200 orders.
3. one according to claim 1 utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, it is characterised in that step (1) mix homogeneously is realized by wet grinding.
4. one according to claim 1 utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, it is characterised in that in step (2), polyurethane foam hole number is 10ppi～50ppi.
5. one according to claim 1 utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, it is characterised in that polyurethane foam being immersed in step (2) in the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20%, the time of immersion is 5h.
6. the one according to claim 1 or 6 utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, it is characterised in that in step (2), the mass fraction of PVA solution is 5%；Activation processing carries out at 60 DEG C, and the time of activation processing is 24h.
7. one according to claim 1 utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, it is characterised in that in step (3), the vacuum of vacuum impregnation hanging is-0.1MPa, the time of dipping is 5～10 minutes.
8. one according to claim 1 utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, it is characterised in that in step (4), the actual conditions of sintering is: first with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min from room temperature to 400 DEG C, is incubated 1h；Then, it is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, after insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature.
9. one according to claim 1 utilizes reaction in-situ to prepare three-dimensional through Al2O3The method of/Al composite, it is characterised in that in step (5), argon flow amount is 20mL/min～30mL/min.
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| CN109053219A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2018-12-21 | 江西鸿司远特种泡沫材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of porous alumina ceramic |
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