CN105705771A

CN105705771A - Engine unit and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN105705771A
Application number: CN201480060531.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 西川贵裕; 日野阳至
Original assignee: Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-12-20
Filing date: 2014-12-18
Publication date: 2016-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2034-12-18
Also published as: ES2689695T3; JP2017031808A; EP3051118A4; EP3051118B1; AP2016009239A0; WO2015093575A1; TWI544143B; EP3051118A1; TW201527641A

Abstract

The present invention provides an engine unit and the like that has a high-load region and a low-load region, and after a combustion halt instruction, can achieve both a reduction in the time until restarting and mountability to a vehicle. The engine unit is provided with a four-stroke engine body, a three-phase brushless motor, an inverter, and a control device. After the combustion operation of the four-stroke engine body and the positive rotation of a crankshaft have halted, the control device controls a plurality of switching units of the inverter in the state of the combustion operation of the four-stroke engine body and the positive rotation of a crankshaft being halted and there being no input of a startup instruction, and as a result the voltage from the battery imposed on the three-phase brushless motor is controlled, and the crankshaft is caused to rotate in the positive direction from a stopped position until the compression stroke of the four strokes. When there has been the input of a startup instruction, the control device causes the positive rotation of the crankshaft from the position of the crankshaft at the point in time the startup instruction has been input.

Description

Engine unit and vehicle

Technical field

The present invention relates to the engine unit of a kind of four-stroke engine body including having high load area and low-load region during four strokes, and be equipped with the vehicle of this engine unit。

Background technology

The electromotor possessed as vehicle has four-stroke engine (such as singlecylinderengine), and this four-stroke engine has the high load area making load that the crank axle of electromotor rotates bigger and the less low-load region of the load making crank axle rotate during four strokes。This four-stroke engine in order to overcome high load area to make crank axle rotate when engine start, to starting the bigger output torque of motor requirements。But, if making the output torque of startup motor become big, need to increase the size starting motor, therefore engine unit reduces to the lift-launch of vehicle。Expect to improve the lift-launch to vehicle to engine unit。

In patent documentation 1 (PTL1), disclose and have following engine starting gear, i.e. by stopping after making crank axle temporarily reverse, hereafter make crank axle rotate forward, so that engine start。The electromotor that engine starting gear as Patent Document 1 starts when there being burning to stop instruction, stops burning in its operating。Crank axle utilizes inertia to rotate 4～8 circles after the burning ceases。When crank axle cannot overcome the peak because of the load caused by the compression reaction force in compression stroke, stop after being reversed by compression reaction force。

The engine starting gear of patent documentation 1 be configured to crank axle rotation stop after, make crank axle be inverted to load increase position and expansion stroke till and stop。Hereafter, engine starting gear makes motor make crank axle rotate forward to forward direction operating with all strength。Till making crank axle be inverted to expansion stroke due to engine starting gear, after therefore crank axle substantially experiences the substantially whole region rotating forward in self-expanding stroke low-load region to compression stroke, first time arrives high load area。Therefore, engine starting gear, before first time arrives high load area, can improve the rotary speed of crank axle。And, the available bigger inertia force produced with higher rotary speed and start motor output torque both and overcome first time high load area。Its result, can suppress the output torque of motor will start motor miniaturization, therefore can improve the engine starting gear lift-launch to vehicle。As mentioned above, engine starting gear as Patent Document 1 utilize the output torque of the bigger inertia force produced with higher rotary speed and motor both and overcome first time high load area, thereby seek to improve the engine starting gear lift-launch to vehicle。

[prior art document]

[patent documentation]

[patent documentation 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2003-343404 publication

Summary of the invention

It is intended to solve the technical problem that

But, the engine starting gear of patent documentation 1 stops and after crank axle rotation stopping caused by inertia in the burning of electromotor, till making crank axle be inverted to expansion stroke。Hereafter, engine starting gear makes engine start。Therefore, the engine starting gear of patent documentation 1 has time that own burning stops after instruction to restarting elongated problem。

For including the engine unit of the four-stroke engine body of four strokes (wherein there is high load area and low-load region), it is desirable to realize restarting shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time after spontaneous combustion stops instruction simultaneously。

It is an object of the invention to provide one and include the four-stroke engine body of four strokes (wherein there is high load area and low-load region), it can realize restarting shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time after spontaneous combustion stops instruction simultaneously, also provides for including the engine unit of such four-stroke engine body and being equipped with the vehicle of this engine unit。

The technological means of solution problem

System of the present invention, in order to solve above-mentioned problem, adopts following composition。

(1) a kind of engine unit, it is arranged on vehicle, and described engine unit includes:

Four-stroke engine body, it has the bigger high load area of the load making crank axle rotate and the load that makes described crank axle the rotate low-load region less than the load of described high load area between four strokes；

3-phase brushless motor, it is by making described crank axle rotate forward in response to the reception starting instruction, so that described four-stroke engine body starts, described 3-phase brushless motor is driven by the battery being arranged on described vehicle；

Phase inverter, it includes multiple switch portion, and the plurality of switch portion controls to apply the voltage to described 3-phase brushless motor from described battery；And

Control device, it includes starting motor control part and Combustion System portion, described startup motor control part controls to apply the voltage to described 3-phase brushless motor from described battery by the plurality of switch portion included by the described phase inverter of control, described Combustion System portion controls the combustion event of described four-stroke engine body, and described control device carries out following action:

After the combustion event of described four-stroke engine body and the rotating forward of described crank axle stop, combustion event and when rotating forward stopping and not receiving described startup instruction of described crank axle at described four-stroke engine body, by controlling the plurality of switch portion of described phase inverter, control to apply the voltage to described 3-phase brushless motor from described battery, so that described crank axle self-stopping technology position is just going to the compression stroke in described four strokes and stopping in the compression stroke；And

When the rotating forward at the described crank axle utilized the control applying the voltage to described 3-phase brushless motor receives described startup instruction after described compression stroke stops, described control device controls to apply the voltage to described 3-phase brushless motor from described battery, makes described crank axle rotate forward from the position at described crank axle place when receiving described startup instruction。

In the engine unit of (1), control device after the combustion event of four-stroke engine body and the rotating forward of crank axle stop, control multiple switch portion of phase inverter, thus control to apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor to from battery, and make crank axle just go to till the compression stroke in four strokes including high load area and low-load region and stop in compression stroke。And, control device when the rotating forward of the crank axle utilized the control applying the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor receives startup instruction after compression stroke stopping, control to apply the voltage to above-mentioned 3-phase brushless motor from above-mentioned battery, and make crank axle rotate forward from location when receiving startup instruction。Therefore, when receiving startup instruction, crank axle starts to rotate forward from compression stroke。Therefore, even if the output torque of motor is less, it is also possible to make rotating forward from being prone to make the position that four-stroke engine body starts of crank axle。That is, crank axle is after starting rotation in response to starting the reception indicated, and crank axle self-stopping technology state slowly improves speed。In the rotating forward of crank axle after compression stroke starts, crank axle passes through compression stroke with low speed。Due to crank axle with low speed by compression stroke, so crank axle is difficult to the impact of the compression reaction force of the gas being subject in combustor。Its result, crank axle can promptly overcome the load of the high load area of compression stroke。After by compression stroke, the crank axle experience self-expanding stroke wider low-load region to compression stroke rotates forward, and second time arrives high load area。Namely, it can be ensured that in order to the longer acceleration area accelerated。Therefore, 3-phase brushless motor before crank axle second time arrives high load area, can improve the rotary speed of crank axle。And, both output torques of the available bigger inertia force produced with higher rotary speed and 3-phase brushless motor, overcome second time high load area。Therefore, even if the output torque of motor is less, it is also easy to make four-stroke engine body start。Thereby, the output torque of motor can be suppressed and by 3-phase brushless motor miniaturization。

Four-stroke engine body combustion event stop after, the rotating forward of crank axle be prone in compression stroke or compression stroke near stopping。In the engine unit of (1), after the combustion event of four-stroke engine body and the rotating forward of crank axle stop, control multiple switch portion of phase inverter, thereby control to apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor from battery, and till making crank axle just go to the compression stroke in the aforementioned four stroke including high load area and low-load region。Therefore, the engine unit according to (1), and make compared with crank axle is inverted to the situation till expansion stroke, crank axle can be made to move within the short time to being prone to the position that makes four-stroke engine body start with less output torque。

Composition according to (1), after the combustion event of four-stroke engine body and the rotating forward of crank axle stop, control each and every one switch portion many of phase inverter, thereby control to apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor from battery, and till making crank axle just go to the compression stroke in the aforementioned four stroke including high load area and low-load region。The control of the voltage of applying to 3-phase brushless motor is made the situation that crank axle rotates forward by utilization, for instance compared with the situation of the rotating forward with the caused by inertia of the combustion event by four-stroke engine body, it is easy to control the movement of the axial target location of crank。Therefore, crank axle can be made in the short time moves to being prone to the position that makes four-stroke engine body start with less output torque。

Therefore, engine unit according to (1), it four-stroke engine body including having high load area and low-load region during four strokes, can realize restarting shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time after spontaneous combustion stops instruction simultaneously。

(2) such as the engine unit of (1), wherein

Described four-stroke engine body includes combustor and decompressor, and described decompressor discharges the pressure in described combustor in the compression stroke,

Described decompressor carries out action at least some of period of the time period that described control device makes described crank axle rotate forward by controlling to apply the voltage to described 3-phase brushless motor from described battery。

Composition according to (2), controls within least some of period of the time period that battery applying makes crank axle rotate forward to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor controlling device, and decompressor carries out action。Decompressor discharges the pressure in combustor in compression stroke, therefore makes the load that crank axle rotates reduce。Therefore, even if the output torque of 3-phase brushless motor reduces further, the load of high load area also can promptly be overcome。Therefore, engine unit according to (2), including the four-stroke engine body between four strokes with high load area and low-load region, can realize after spontaneous combustion stops instruction, restarting shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time simultaneously。

(3) such as the engine unit of (1) or (2), wherein

Described 3-phase brushless motor includes stator and rotor, and described stator includes multiple teeth portion that circumferentially direction is arranged and the winding being wound on each of the plurality of teeth portion；Described rotor is arranged to relative with described stator, and described rotor and described crank axle rotate linkedly, and described rotor includes magnetic pole strength, the quantity of described magnetic pole strength more than the plurality of teeth portion quantity 2/3,

Described control device controls to apply each voltage of the plurality of winding to described 3-phase brushless motor from described battery by controlling the plurality of switch portion of described phase inverter, so that described crank axle rotates forward。

(3) the device that controls controls multiple switch portion of phase inverter and controls the voltage from battery applying to the winding of 3-phase brushless motor, so that crank axle rotates forward。The quantity of the magnetic pole strength that the rotor of 3-phase brushless motor has compared with teeth portion quantity more than 2/3。The quantity of magnetic pole strength is more many, then the frequency moon applying the change of each voltage of the winding to 3-phase brushless motor by controlling device control switch portion is high。For example, it is assumed that each of the winding of 3-phase brushless motor applies the voltage of impulse waveform, the frequency of pulse is higher。Frequency owing to applying each the voltage to winding is higher, and the frequency of the pulsation of the torque therefore given when 3-phase brushless motor makes crank axle rotate forward is higher。By receiving the pulsation of the torque with higher frequency, and crank axle becomes prone to overcome the load of high load area。Therefore, engine unit according to (3), including the four-stroke engine body between four strokes with high load area and low-load region, can realize after spontaneous combustion stops instruction, restarting shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time simultaneously。

(4) if (1) is to the engine unit any one of (3), wherein

Described control device by the period before terminating in described compression stroke at least some of in, control the plurality of switch portion of described phase inverter and make described 3-phase brushless motor to rotate forward less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of described battery。

Composition according to (4), can suppress the torque of 3-phase brushless motor, thus makes the speed step-down of the rotating forward of crank axle。Therefore, can suppress the rotating forward with crank axle four-stroke engine body combustor in the compression reaction force of gas。Owing to the resistance of the rotation to crank axle because of compression reaction force generation can be suppressed, crank axle therefore can be made to move within the shorter time。Therefore, the composition according to (4), can shorten further after spontaneous combustion stops instruction and restart the required time。

Therefore, engine unit according to (4), including the four-stroke engine body between four strokes with high load area and low-load region, can realize after spontaneous combustion stops instruction, restarting shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time simultaneously。

(5) if (1) is to the engine unit any one of (4), wherein

Described control device by the period before terminating in described compression stroke at least some of in, control the plurality of switch portion of described phase inverter and make to apply the voltage of extremely described 3-phase brushless motor lower than the voltage of described battery from described battery, make described crank axle rotate forward simultaneously。

Composition according to (5), makes applying to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor lower than the voltage of battery。Thus, the torque of 3-phase brushless motor can be suppressed, therefore make the speed step-down of the rotating forward of crank axle。Therefore, can suppress the rotating forward with crank axle four-stroke engine body combustor in the compression reaction force of gas。Owing to the resistance of the rotation to crank axle because of compression reaction force generation can be suppressed, crank axle therefore can be made to move within the shorter time。Therefore, the composition according to (5), can shorten further after spontaneous combustion stops instruction and restart the required time。

Therefore, engine unit according to (5), including the four-stroke engine body between four strokes with high load area and low-load region, can realize after spontaneous combustion stops instruction, restarting shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time simultaneously。

(6) if (1) is to the engine unit any one of (5), wherein

Described control device does not make the rotating forward of described crank axle stop in described compression stroke in situations but overcomes described compression stroke to continue to rotate forward, so that described four-stroke engine body starts, this situation be when the combustion event of described four-stroke engine body and described crank axle rotate forward stop and not receiving startup instruction, control by controlling the plurality of switch portion of described phase inverter to apply the voltage to described 3-phase brushless motor so that described crank axle just going to described compression stroke midway receive described startup and indicate。

Composition according to (6), the inertia force of the crank axle of the midway till just going to compression stroke when not receiving and starting instruction is used to the rotation of the crank axle making engine body restart, and therefore shortens further and restarts the required time。

(7) such as (1) to the engine unit any one of (5), if the rotating forward of wherein lasting when the combustion event of described four-stroke engine body stops described crank axle stops in the compression stroke, described control device is omitted in the rotating forward not receiving the described crank axle carried out under the described state starting instruction。

When the rotating forward of the crank axle lasting when the stopping of the combustion event from four-stroke engine body stops in compression stroke, even if crank axle is in the output less position being also easy to make four-stroke engine body start of torque of motor。Composition according to (7), owing to the rotating forward of crank axle stops in compression stroke, is therefore omitted in the rotating forward of the crank axle not received under the state starting instruction, thereby can shorten and make crank axle start to rotate the required time in response to the reception starting instruction。Therefore, the composition according to (7), it is possible to simultaneously realize restarting shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time after spontaneous combustion stops instruction with higher level。

(8) if (1) is to the engine unit any one of (5), wherein

The described control device position stopped that rotating forward according to described crank axle lasting when the combustion event of described four-stroke engine body stops, and switch in rotating forward and the reversion of the described crank axle not received under the described state starting instruction。

If making crank axle reverse when not receiving the input starting instruction, then existence makes crank axle move to being prone to make the time that the position that four-stroke engine body starts spends be shorter than the time making crank axle main story spend。Composition according to (8), the position rotating forward stopping of crank axle lasting during according to the stopping of spontaneous combustion action, and switch in rotating forward and the reversion of the crank axle not received under the state starting instruction。Therefore, it is possible to realize restarting shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time after spontaneous combustion stops instruction with higher level simultaneously。

(9) such as the engine unit of (8), wherein

If the position stopped that rotating forward of described crank axle lasting when the combustion event of described four-stroke engine body stops being in the first scope in described four strokes, till described control device makes described crank axle just go to described compression stroke when not receiving described startup instruction, if and the position stopped that rotating forward of described crank axle lasting when the combustion event of described four-stroke engine body stops being in the second scope in described four strokes, described control device makes described crank axle reverse when not receiving described startup instruction, described first scope extends to terminal from starting point in forward direction, described starting point is in along forward direction from compression top dead center to the scope of exhaust top dead center, and described terminal is in described compression stroke, described second scope be along forward direction from compression top dead center to the scope of the starting point of described first scope in。

Composition according to (9), the second scope is in reverse directions, and relatively the first scope is closer to compression top dead center。Composition according to (9), if the position stopped that rotating forward of crank axle lasting during from the stopping of the combustion event of four-stroke engine body is in the second scope, then makes crank axle reverse when not receiving startup instruction。Can relatively be rotated forward by reversion and make crank axle move to being prone to the position that makes four-stroke engine body start quickly。Therefore, it is possible to the improvement of the shortening of the time restarted after simultaneously realizing spontaneous combustion stopping instruction with higher level and the lift-launch to vehicle。

(10) if (1) is to the engine unit any one of (9), wherein

By making described crank axle rotate forward in response to the described reception starting instruction, so that the combustion event of described four-stroke engine body start after predetermined amount of time in, described control device, by controlling the plurality of switch portion of described phase inverter, controls to apply the voltage to described 3-phase brushless motor from described battery and make the rotating forward of described crank axle accelerate。

Composition according to (10), in the burning of four-stroke engine body, accelerates the rotating forward of crank axle by 3-phase brushless motor。Therefore, the rotating forward stabilisation of crank axle that can will be undertaken by the burning of four-stroke engine body。When vehicle accelerates, can more quickly carry out the acceleration of the rotating forward of the crank axle that the burning by four-stroke engine body carries out。

(11) if (1) is to the engine unit any one of (10), wherein

Described 3-phase brushless motor is after described four-stroke engine body starts, and the rotation with described crank axle rotates linkedly, using as producing in order to the electromotor to the electric current that described battery is charged function。

Composition according to (11), by 3-phase brushless motor as electromotor function, and is charged battery。The stator winding having the 3-phase brushless motor of generator function concurrently is subject to the constructional restriction in order to battery to be charged。Such as, in order to suppress excessive charging current, and the performance as 3-phase brushless motor is limited。But, the composition according to (11), 3-phase brushless motor arrives maximum load position by the relatively low rotary speed of inhibited output torque, and is accelerated by sufficiently long interval before second time arrives maximum load position。Therefore, even if when performance is restricted, it is also possible to overcome the load of the maximum load position run into for the second time。Therefore, composition can be made simple by doubling as 3-phase brushless motor and electromotor, and the shortening and the improvement of the time simultaneously realizing with higher level restarting after spontaneous combustion stops instruction from the lift-launch to vehicle。

(12) a kind of vehicle, described vehicle includes such as (1) to the engine unit any one of (11)。

(12) vehicle system can realize restarting the shortening of required time and the lift-launch of engine unit after spontaneous combustion stops instruction simultaneously。

The advantage of the present invention

According to the present invention, one can be provided to include the engine unit of four-stroke engine body (wherein having high load area and low-load region during four strokes), it can realize restarting shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time after spontaneous combustion stops instruction simultaneously, also provides for including the vehicle of such engine unit。

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the partial sectional view of the schematic configuration of the engine unit schematically showing one embodiment of the present of invention。

The explanation figure of the relation of crank angle location when Fig. 2 is to schematically show engine start and required torque。

Fig. 3 is the amplification view that 3-phase brushless motor and the neighbouring part thereof of Fig. 1 are amplified and illustrated。

Fig. 4 shows the sectional view that the section vertical with rotation axis J from the 3-phase brushless motor shown in Fig. 3 takes。

Fig. 5 shows the block diagram of the electric basic comprising of the engine unit shown in Fig. 1。

Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the action that the engine unit shown in Fig. 1 is described。

Fig. 7 (a) is the figure of the action of the crank axle that the engine unit shown in Fig. 1 is described, Fig. 7 (b) is the figure of the action that crank axle when reversing as the carrying out of comparative example is described。

Fig. 8 schematically shows the explanation figure of crank angle location and the relation of required torque。

Fig. 9 schematically shows the explanation figure of the crank angle location of the engine unit of the second embodiment of the present invention and the relation of required torque。

Figure 10 is the flow chart of the action of the engine unit that the 3rd embodiment is described。

Figure 11 is the figure of the action of the crank axle of the engine unit that the 3rd embodiment is described。

Figure 12 is the flow chart of the action of the engine unit that the 4th embodiment is described。

Figure 13 shows the block diagram of the electric basic comprising of the engine unit of the 5th embodiment。

Figure 14 shows the outside drawing of the vehicle being equipped with engine unit。

Detailed description of the invention

The research that inventor is carried out about herein below is illustrated, namely makes crank axle rotate when combustion event and not the receiving when rotating forward and stop startup indicates of crank axle when four-stroke engine body。

Such as, as Patent Document 1, when not receiving startup instruction when the combustion event of four-stroke engine body and the rotating forward of crank axle when stopping, crank axle reversion is made to need spended time。Therefore, after receiving burning stopping instruction, the prolongation time is needed in order to restarting。

In time period after the combustion event of four-stroke engine body stops and before the rotating forward stopping of crank axle, during by the situation of the rotation of motor auxiliary crank axle, it is difficult to make the target area that crank axle starts required time shortening wherein stop。Its reason is in that, after combustion event stops, the power that the crank axle rotated by motor auxiliary is provided not only by motor rotates also by the inertia force provided by last combustion event。Being difficult to the rotation by motor auxiliary crank axle, to guarantee to make crank axle be positioned target area, crank axle rotates also by the inertia force provided by last combustion event simultaneously。Such as, being frequently utilized that the high capacity produced because of compression reaction force makes the crank axle rotated by the inertia force by last combustion event offer stop。In this case, crank axle does not overcome the peak of load to stop after temporarily reversing。Owing to the stop position of crank axle depends on the peak not overcoming load and the degree (distance) reversed, so the changing greatly of the stop position of crank axle。That is, the change in location that crank axle starts according to starting the reception indicated to rotate is bigger。Therefore, after receiving burning stopping instruction, changing greatly of required time span is restarted。Therefore, in some cases, restart the time that needs are longer。

On the other hand, when the rotating forward of crank axle stops, by controlling the situation from the voltage of battery applying to 3-phase brushless motor makes crank axle just go to compression stroke, compared with the situation using the inertia force produced by the combustion event of four-stroke engine body to make crank axle rotate forward, it is easier to control the movement of the axial target location of crank。Therefore, crank axle can be made to move to being prone to the position that makes four-stroke engine body start in the short time。Therefore, it is possible to realize the miniaturization of shortening and the 3-phase brushless motor restarting the required time with higher level simultaneously。

Hereinafter, based on preferred embodiment, with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described。

[first embodiment]

Fig. 1 schematically shows the sectional view of the schematic configuration of the part of the engine unit EU of the first embodiment of the present invention。The engine unit EU of the present embodiment is four-stroke engine for vehicle unit。

Engine unit EU is arranged in the motorcycle (with reference to Figure 14) of the example as vehicle。Engine unit EU possesses four-stroke engine body E and 3-phase brushless motor SG。Four-stroke engine body E is the four-stroke engine of single cylinder。Four-stroke engine body E has the relation of the crank angle location shown in Fig. 2 and required torque。

The explanation figure of crank angle location when Fig. 2 schematically shows engine start and the relation of required torque。

Four-stroke engine body E includes making the low-load region TL of high load area TH that the rotary load of crank axle 5 is bigger and the load that makes the rotary load of crank axle 5 less than high load area TH during four strokes。From this one side of the anglec of rotation of crank axle 5, low-load region TL is equal to high load area TH or wider than high load area TH。Specifically, low-load district city TL is wider than high load area TH。In other words, the anglec of rotation region corresponding to low-load region TL is wider than the anglec of rotation region corresponding to high load area TH。More specifically, during rotation, four-stroke engine body E repeats four strokes, i.e. induction stroke, compression stroke, expansion stroke and exhaust stroke。Compression stroke is contained in high load area TH and is not included in the TL of low-load region。In the four-stroke engine body E of the present embodiment, high load area TH is the region substantially overlapping with compression stroke, and low-load region TL is the region substantially overlapping with induction stroke, expansion stroke and exhaust stroke。But, high load area TH and the respective boundary of TL of low-load region are without consistent with the boundary of above-mentioned each stroke。

As it is shown in figure 1, engine unit EU includes 3-phase brushless motor SG。3-phase brushless motor SG is for starting motor。3-phase brushless motor SG makes when engine start crank axle 5 just then makes four-stroke engine body E start。At least some of period of 3-phase brushless motor SG time period after four-stroke engine body E starts, driven by crank axle 5 and rotate forward, thus as electromotor function。Although 3-phase brushless motor SG is function as electromotor, but 3-phase brushless motor SG after the burning of electromotor starts, as electromotor, function is not necessary all the time。In acceptable example, after the burning of electromotor starts, 3-phase brushless motor SG is not immediately available as electromotor function, and 3-phase brushless motor SG is as electromotor function when meeting predetermined condition。The example of this predetermined condition includes the rotating speed of electromotor and reaches after the burning of predetermined speed or electromotor starts through predetermined amount of time etc.。Comprise after the burning of electromotor starts time period of 3-phase brushless motor SG function as electromotor and 3-phase brushless motor SG as motor (such as vehicle drive motor) time period of function。

3-phase brushless motor SG is installed on the crank string of four-stroke engine body E。In this embodiment, 3-phase brushless motor SG is installed on crank axle 5 when not via Poewr transmission mechanism (such as belt, chain, gear, decelerator, accelerator etc.)。But, in the present invention, as long as 3-phase brushless motor SG be configured through 3-phase brushless motor SG just then make crank axle 5 rotate forward and just may be used。Therefore, 3-phase brushless motor SG also can be installed on crank axle 5 via Poewr transmission mechanism。In the present invention, it is preferred to, the rotation axis of 3-phase brushless motor SG is substantially uniform with the rotation axis of crank axle 5。As described in the embodiment, it is preferable that 3-phase brushless motor SG is installed on crank axle 5 when not via Poewr transmission mechanism。

Four-stroke engine body E includes crankcase 1 (motor body 1), cylinder 2, piston 3, connecting rod 4 and crank axle 5。Cylinder 2 is arranged to highlight towards predetermined direction (such as oblique upper) from crankcase 1。Piston 3 is freely reciprocatingly arranged in cylinder 2。Crank axle 5 is rotationally arranged in crankcase 1。One end (such as upper end) of connecting rod 4 is linked to piston 3。The other end (such as bottom) of connecting rod 4 is linked to crank axle 5。The end (such as upper end) of cylinder 2 is provided with cylinder head 6。Crank axle 5 via pair of bearings 7 to be supported in the way of rotating freely on crankcase 1。One end 5a (such as right part) of crank axle 5 highlights laterally from crankcase 1。The one end 5a of crank axle 5 is provided with 3-phase brushless motor SG。

The other end 5b (such as left part) of crank axle 5 highlights laterally from crankcase 1。The other end 5b of crank axle 5 is provided with the main pulley 20 of buncher CVT (ContinuouslyVariableTransmission)。Main pulley 20 has fast pulley 21 and movable belt pulley 22。Fast pulley 21 is fixed on the distal portions of the other end 5b of crank axle 5 with crank axle 5 in the way of rotating together with。Movable belt pulley 22 spline is connected in the other end 5b of crank axle 5。Therefore, movable belt pulley 22 can in axial direction move by X。Movable belt pulley 22 rotates together with crank axle 5 in the way of being configured to the variable spaced between movable belt pulley 22 and fast pulley 21。Main pulley 20 and secondary belt pulley (not shown) are wound with belt B。The revolving force of crank axle 5 is transferred to the driving wheel of motorcycle (with reference to Fig. 8)。

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the 3-phase brushless motor SG by figure l and neighbouring part enlarged representation thereof。Fig. 4 show from the 3-phase brushless motor SG taken with the plane vertical for rotation axis J of the 3-phase brushless motor SG shown in Fig. 3 the sectional view in cross section。

3-phase brushless motor SG includes outer rotor 30 and inner stator。Outer rotor 30 includes outer rotor body 31。Outer rotor body 31 is such as made up of strong magnetic material。Outer rotor body 31 is the tubular with bottom。Outer rotor body 31 has back yoke (backyoke) portion 34 of tubular protruding base part 32, discoid bottom wall part 33 and tubular。Tubular protruding base part 32 is fixed on crank axle 5 with the end 5a of crank axle 5 state being accommodated in tubular protruding base part 32。Bottom wall part 33 be fixed on tubular protruding base part 32 and have that the radial direction Y along crank axle 5 extends discoid。Back yoke portion 34 has from the outer peripheral edge of bottom wall part 33 along the axial direction X of crank axle 5 tubular extended。Back yoke portion 34 extends towards crankcase 1。

Bottom wall part 33 and back yoke portion 34 such as form by pressing metal plates is shaped。But, in the present invention, it is possible to be separately formed bottom wall part 33 and back yoke portion 34。More specifically, outside in rotor body portion 31, back yoke portion 34 can form with other parts of outer rotor body 31, it is possible to is separately formed with other parts of outer rotor body 31。When back yoke portion 34 and other parts are separately formed, as long as back yoke portion 34 is by strong magnetic material, other parts can be made up of the material except strong magnetic material。

Tubular protruding base part 32 is formed with to receive the taper of the end 5a of crank axle 5 and holds hole 32a。Taper accommodation hole 32a extends along the axial direction X of crank axle 5。Taper holds hole 32a and has the cone angle that the outer peripheral face of end 5a with crank axle 5 is corresponding。When the end 5a of crank axle 5 enters in accommodation hole 32a, the outer peripheral face of end 5a contacts with the inner peripheral surface holding hole 32a, thus being fixed on by crank axle 5 in accommodation hole 32a。As a result, the protruding base part 32 position relative to the axial direction X of crank axle 5 is fixed。In this condition, nut 35 is screwed on the male screw portion 5c of distal portions of the end 5a being formed at crank axle 5。Thus, tubular protruding base part 32 is fixed on crank axle 5。

Tubular protruding base part 32 has the major diameter portion 32b of the close end (in figure 3 the right part of tubular protruding base part 32) being arranged on tubular protruding base part 32。Tubular protruding base part 32 has the flange part 32c formed on the outer peripheral face of major diameter portion 32b。Flange part 32c extends radially outward。The major diameter portion 32b of tubular protruding base part 32 is contained in the 33a of hole, and hole 33a forms the middle section of the bottom wall part 33 in rotor body portion 31 outside。In this condition, flange part 32c contacts with the outer peripheral face (right flank in Fig. 3) of bottom wall part 33。The bottom wall part 33 of the flange part 32c of tubular protruding base part 32 and outer rotor body 31 is fixed together by the rivet 36 in multiple positions of the circumferential direction relative to 31。Rivet 36 runs through flange part 32c and bottom wall part 33。

3-phase brushless motor SG is permanent magnet motor。The back yoke portion 34 of outer rotor body 31 has the multiple permanent magnet portions 37 on the inner peripheral surface being arranged on back yoke portion 34。Each permanent magnet portion 37 is arranged so that S pole and the N pole radial direction relative to 3-phase brushless motor SG is arranged side by side。

Multiple permanent magnet portions 37 are arranged to N pole and are alternately present along the circumferential direction of 3-phase brushless motor SG with S pole。In the present embodiment, the number of magnetic poles of relative with inner stator 40 outer rotor 30 is 24。The number of magnetic poles of so-called outer rotor 30 refers to the number of magnetic poles relative with inner stator 40。The quantity of the magnetic pole strength in the permanent magnet portion 37 relative with the teeth portion 43 of stator core ST is equivalent to the number of magnetic poles of outer rotor 30。The magnetic pole strength of each magnetic pole that outer rotor 30 has is corresponding to the magnetic pole strength in the permanent magnet portion 37 relative with inner stator 40。The magnetic pole strength in permanent magnet portion 37 is covered by the nonmagnetic substance (not shown) being arranged between permanent magnet portion 37 and inner stator 40。It is not provided with magnetic material between permanent magnet portion 37 and inner stator 40。For nonmagnetic substance, being not particularly limited, the example of nonmagnetic substance can include stainless steel material。In the present embodiment, permanent magnet portion 37 is ferrite magnet。In the present invention, permanent magnet can adopt neodymium to cohere the previously known Magnet such as Magnet, samarium cobalt magnet, neodium magnet。The shape in permanent magnet portion 37 is not particularly limited。Outer rotor 30 can be the built-in magnet type (IPM (InteriorPermanentMagnet) type) being embedded in magnetic material by permanent magnet portion 37, but preferably, as described in the present embodiment, outer rotor 30 is the surface magnet (SPM (SurfacePermanentMagnet) type) that permanent magnet portion 37 exposes from magnetic material。

As it has been described above, be installed on the rotary body that crank axle 5 is the inertia increasing crank axle 5 with the outer rotor 30 rotated together with crank axle 5。The outer peripheral face (right flank in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) of the bottom wall part 33 of outer rotor 30 is provided with the cooling fan F including multiple blade part Fa。Cooling fan F is fixed to the outer peripheral face of bottom wall part 33 via fixture (multiple bolt Fb)。

Inner stator 40 includes stator core ST and multi phase stator winding W。Stator core ST is by such as obtaining the in axial direction stacking of thin silicon steel plate。Stator core ST has, at the central part of stator core ST, the hole portion 41 that internal diameter is big compared with the external diameter of the tubular protruding base part 32 of outer rotor 30。Stator core ST includes the multiple teeth portion 43 (with reference to Fig. 4) radially outward extended integratedly。In the present embodiment, totally 18 teeth portion 43 circumferentially intervals, direction are arranged。In other words, stator core ST has spaced apart totally 18 the groove SL (with reference to Fig. 4) in circumferentially direction。Teeth portion 43 is equidistantly spaced from substantially along circumferential direction。

Each of stator winding W is wrapped on each of teeth portion 43。That is, multi phase stator winding W is arranged in the way of by groove SL。Each of multi phase stator winding W belongs to any one in U phase, V phase, W phase。Stator winding W be such as with according to U phase, V phase, W phase tactic mode configure。

Stator winding W is corresponding to the example of winding mentioned in the present invention。Inner stator 40 is corresponding to the example of stator mentioned in the present invention。Outer rotor 30 is corresponding to the example of rotor mentioned in the present invention。

As it is shown on figure 3, inner stator 40 forms porose portion 41 at the middle body of the radial direction relative to 3-phase brushless motor SG。The tubular protruding base part 32 of crank axle 5 and outer rotor 30 is arranged in hole portion 41 simultaneously and limits has gap between the wall (inner stator 40) in hole portion 41。In this condition, inner stator 40 is installed on the crankcase 1 of four-stroke engine body E。The teeth portion 43 of inner stator 40 is arranged between the magnetic pole strength (inner peripheral surface) in the end (distal face) of the teeth portion 43 of inner stator 40 and the permanent magnet portion 37 of outer rotor 30 have interval。In this condition, outer rotor 30 rotates with the rotation of crank axle 5。That is, outer rotor 30 and crank axle 5 rotate integratedly。In other words, the rotary speed of outer rotor 30 is identical with the rotary speed of crank axle 5。

With reference to Fig. 4, further outer rotor 30 is illustrated。Permanent magnet portion 37 is arranged at the outside of the inner stator 40 in the radial direction of 3-phase brushless motor SG。Back yoke portion 34 is arranged at the outside in permanent magnet portion 37 in the radial direction。Permanent magnet portion 37 includes multiple magnetic pole strength 37a on the surface relative with inner stator 40。Magnetic pole strength 37a arranges along the circumferential direction of 3-phase brushless motor SG。Each of magnetic pole strength 37a is N pole or S pole。N pole is alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of 3-phase brushless motor SG with S pole。The magnetic pole strength 37a in permanent magnet portion 37 is towards inner stator 40。In the present embodiment, multiple Magnet are arranged along the circumferential direction of 3-phase brushless motor SG, and each of multiple Magnet is arranged to S pole and arranges along the radial direction of 3-phase brushless motor SG with N pole。Single S pole that circumferentially direction is adjacent and magnetic poles face, single N pole to 37p。The quantity to 37p of magnetic pole strength is the 1/2 of the quantity of magnetic pole strength 37a。In the present embodiment, outer rotor 30 is provided with 24 relative with inner stator 40 magnetic pole strength 37a, and the quantity to 37p including the magnetic pole strength in outer rotor 30 is 12。Fig. 4 has illustrated corresponding to 12 Magnet pair 12 magnetic pole strengths to 37p。For easy observation, only give a magnetic pole strength to reference marker 37p。3-phase brushless motor SG has the magnetic pole strength 37a of 2/3 of the quantity more than teeth portion 43。Including the magnetic pole strength 37a in 3-phase brushless motor SG quantity equal to or more than teeth portion 43 quantity 4/3。

The outer surface of outer rotor 30 has to detect multiple detection object portions 38 of the position of rotation of outer rotor 30。Magnetic action is used to detect multiple detection object portions 38。Circumferentially direction, multiple detection object portion 38 is positioned apart from the outer surface of outer rotor 30。In the present embodiment, circumferentially direction, multiple detection object portion 38 is positioned apart from the outer peripheral face of outer rotor 30。Multiple detection object portions 38 are configured at the outer peripheral face in the back yoke portion 34 of tubular。Each outer peripheral face from back yoke portion 34 in multiple detection object portions 38 is prominent outside the radial direction Y-direction of 3-phase brushless motor SG。Bottom wall part 33, back yoke portion 34 and detection object portion 38 such as form by carrying out compressing to metallic plates such as iron plates。That is, detection object portion 38 is formed by ferromagnetic material。Details about the configuration in detection object portion 38 will in being discussed further below。

Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 is the device of the position of detection outer rotor 30。Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 is arranged at and allows the position relative with multiple detection object portions 38。More specifically, detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 is arranged in the position allowing multiple detection object portions 38 relative with detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 successively。The path that detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 passes through along with the rotation of outer rotor 30 with detection object portion 38 is relative。Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 is arranged in the position separated with inner stator 40。In the present embodiment, detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 be arranged to the back yoke portion 34 of outer rotor 30 and permanent magnet portion 37 at crank axle 5 in the radial direction between detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 and the inner stator 40 with stator winding W。Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 is in the outside being arranged in outer rotor 30 in the radial direction of 3-phase brushless motor SG, and faces out the outer peripheral face of rotor 30。

Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 has detection winding 51, detection Magnet 52 and unshakable in one's determination 53。Detection with winding 51 as the detection detection pick-up loop in object portion 38 function。Unshakable in one's determination 53 is such as rod member made of iron。Detection magnetically detects object portion 38 with winding 51。Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50, after the rotation of crank axle 5 starts, starts to detect the position of rotation of outer rotor 30。Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 may be used without except above-mentioned by with detection object portion 38 by the configuration except the configuration of the change in voltage caused by electromotive force。Such as, detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 may be used without other configurations, wherein all the time detection winding 51 is energized, and electrical current is according to detecting being changed by the change of inductance that causes of object portion 38。Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 is not particularly limited, it is possible to include Hall assembly or MR (MagneticResistance, magnetic resistance) assembly。The engine unit EU (with reference to Fig. 1) of the present embodiment may also comprise Hall assembly or MR assembly。

With reference to Fig. 4, the layout in the detection object portion 38 of outer rotor 30 is illustrated。Multiple detection object portions 38 of the present embodiment are arranged at the outer surface of outer rotor 30。37p is had identical position relationship relative to corresponding magnetic pole strength by multiple detection object portions 38。Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 is arranged at and allows the position relative with multiple detection object portions 38。Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 be arranged at permission in the rotary course of outer rotor 30 with each relative position in multiple detection object portions 38。Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 non-concurrent (once) are relative with multiple detection object portions 38, but relative with 1 in multiple detection object portions 38。In the diagram, the ad-hoc location in circumferentially direction set in advance is represented in dash-dot line。Each of this ad-hoc location be include 2 adjacent magnetic poles of circumferentially direction (S pole and N pole) magnetic pole strength to the position in 37p。In the present embodiment, outer rotor 30 is provided with 11 detection object portions 38, few 1 of the quantity of the number of bits allocation in detection object portion 38。11 detection object portions 38 are respectively arranged at 11 places in 12 assigned positions。Multiple detection object portions 38 such as can be constituted with back yoke portion 34 dividually。Multiple detection object portions 38 are such as formed as single parts, and these single parts include the multiple parts being alternately magnetized into opposite polarity in circumferential direction。

[electrically constituting]

Fig. 5 shows the block diagram of the electric basic comprising of the engine unit EU shown in Fig. 1。

Engine unit EU includes four-stroke engine body E, 3-phase brushless motor SG and controls device CT。3-phase brushless motor SG, spark plug 29 and battery 14 are connected to control device CT。

Control the combination example controlling device corresponding to the present invention in device CT, detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 and multiple detection object portion 38。

Control device CT to be connected with multi phase stator winding W, and multi phase stator winding W is supplied electric current by the battery 14 being certainly arranged in vehicle。Control device CT to include starting motor control part 62, Combustion System portion 63 and multiple switch portion 611～616。The control device CT of the present embodiment has 6 switch portion 611～616。Switch portion 611～616 constitutes phase inverter 61。Phase inverter 61 is three phase bridge phase inverter。The switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61 is arranged between battery 14 and 3-phase brushless motor SG。Switch portion 611～616 controls to apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14。Each being respectively connected with multi phase stator winding W of multiple switch portion 611～616, and multiple switch portion 611～616 optionally applying/non-applying voltage from battery 14 to multi phase stator winding W。Thus, multiple switch portion 611～616 optionally through or block the electric current between multi phase stator winding W and battery 14。More specifically, when 3-phase brushless motor SG function as startup motor, each the energising to multi phase stator winding W and power-off are switched by the on/off action of switch portion 611～616。When 3-phase brushless motor SG function as electromotor, switched passing through/blocking of the electric current between each and the battery 14 of stator winding W by each on/off action of switch portion 611～616。By in turn switching on/disconnect switch portion 611～616, carry out the control of the rectification from the 3-phase brushless motor SG three-phase alternating current exported and voltage。

Each of switch portion 611～616 includes switch element。Switch element is such as transistor, is more specifically FET (FieldEffectTransistor, field-effect transistor)。Switch portion 611～616 is except adopting FET, it is possible to adopt such as thyristor and IGBT (InsulatedGateBipolarTransistor, insulated gate gate transistors)。

Starting motor control part 62 is control multiple switch portion 611～616。Start motor control part 62 by controlling 6 switch portion 611～616 corresponding to three phases, and control to apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14。Start motor control part 62 by controlling each on/off action of switch portion 611～616, and control the action of 3-phase brushless motor SG。Start motor control part 62 by controlling each on/off action of switch portion 611～616, and 3-phase brushless motor SG both can have been made to rotate forward, it is possible to make 3-phase brushless motor SG reverse。Start motor control part 62 to include rotating control portion 621, torque suppressing portion 622, on/off movement memory portion 623 and initial actuating portion 624。And with Combustion System portion 63 utilize the control software design performed by computer by not shown computer and realize including the startup motor control part 62 rotating control portion 621 and torque suppressing portion 622。Here, realize also by the logic circuit as electronic circuit with part or all of Combustion System portion 63 including the startup motor control part 62 of rotation control portion 621 and torque suppressing portion 622。Such as, start motor control part 62 and Combustion System portion 63 can be configured to device separately spaced apart from each other, it is possible to be integrally formed。

On/off movement memory portion 623 is such as formed by memorizer。The data that the storage of on/off movement memory portion 623 is relevant to the on/off action of multiple switch portion 611～616。More specifically, on/off movement memory portion 623 stores the mapping table of the information for controlling 3-phase brushless motor SG and four-stroke engine body E for control device CT and describes the software of this information。Initial actuating portion 624 is formed by electronic circuit。Initial actuating portion 624, when crank axle 5 is halted state, produces the signal of telecommunication making multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。Control device CT and can make the action simultaneously of both on/off movement memory portion 623 and initial actuating portion 624, or the one action in on/off movement memory portion 623 and initial actuating portion 624 can be made。

Combustion System portion 63 makes spark plug 29 carry out firing action, thus controlling the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E。When four-stroke engine body E includes injection fuel and produces the fuel injector of mixing gas, Combustion System portion 63 also controls the injection of fuel injector, to control the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E。

In order to make the four-stroke engine body E starting switch 16 started be connected to startup motor control part 62。Operate starting switch 16 to start four-stroke engine body E in response to driver, start instruction self-starting switch 16 and be input to control device CT。Control device CT by making phase inverter 61, start motor control part 62 and Combustion System portion 63 action and controlling 3-phase brushless motor SG。

[action of engine unit]

Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the action that the engine unit EU shown in Fig. 1 is described。

Fig. 7 (a) illustrates the motion of the crank axle 5 in the engine unit EU shown in Fig. 1。Fig. 7 (b) illustrates the comparative example of the motion of crank axle when reversion is described。

With reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 (a), the stage stopped from burning is started to illustrate the action of engine unit EU。

Control device CT after receiving burning halt instruction, stop the combustion event (S11) of four-stroke engine body E。More specifically, Combustion System portion 63, after receiving burning halt instruction, stops the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E。Burning halt instruction, when such as master switch 17 is disconnected, inputs to controlling device CT from master switch 17。When engine unit EU has idle stop function, control device CT by judging the engine stop condition relevant to the rotation status of the transport condition of vehicle and crank axle 5, and spontaneous execution burning halt instruction。Generally, for instance, after a stop of the vehicle after predetermined amount of time, it is judged that for the therefore engine stop that stops。

Burning halt instruction can be when controlling the device CT built-in command being judged as producing when vehicle stops。Or, burning halt instruction is alternatively the external command inputted by driver。

After the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E stops, inertia force makes crank axle 5 continue to rotate。Crank axle 5 one side is slowed down simultaneously to rotate and is then turned off。Inertia force such as reduces because of frictional force。With the reduction of inertia force, frictional force relative property ground increases。

Fig. 7 (a) illustrates after the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E stops, the state that crank axle stops at stop position P1 place。Four-stroke engine body E combustion event stop after, the rotating forward of crank axle 5 tend in compression stroke or compression stroke near stopping。That is, although the stop position of crank axle 5 is not particularly limited, but tend to be arranged near compression stroke or compression stroke。The position of the vicinity of compression stroke is such as the position in induction stroke。Near compression stroke be in such as induction stroke relatively exhaust stroke closer to the position of compression stroke。In example shown in Fig. 7 (a), the stop position P1 that crank axle stops is in induction stroke。

The outer rotor 30 of 3-phase brushless motor SG rotates linkedly with the rotation of crank axle 5。Multiple detection object portions 38 (with reference to Fig. 4) of outer rotor 30 it are arranged at by detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 detection。Control device CT and detect the position (angle) of crank axle 5 based on the detection in the multiple detection object portions 38 utilizing detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 to carry out。Control device CT to be additionally based upon the detection in the multiple detection object portions 38 utilizing detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 to carry out and detect the rotation of crank axle 5。Control device CT be additionally based upon the multiple detection object portions 38 utilizing detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 to carry out detection and detect crank axle 5 rotation stop。More specifically, device CT is controlled when not detected the situation in multiple detection object portion 38 by detecting apparatus for rotor position 50, it is judged that the rotation for crank axle 5 stops。

Detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 detects the multiple detection object portions 38 moved in the position away from detecting apparatus for rotor position 50。The signal of telecommunication that detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 changes based on the change according to the magnetic state caused by the movement in multiple detection object portions 38, detects multiple detection object portion 38。Therefore, device CT is controlled when the rotary speed of crank axle 5 is low to moderate the detection that detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 cannot be carried out multiple detection object portion 38, it is judged that stop for crank axle 5。Now the rotary speed of crank axle 5 is not necessarily zero, there is also the crank axle 5 situation with low speed rotation。Control device CT after being judged as that crank axle 5 stops, for instance be controlled making crank axle 5 rotate when not receiving startup instruction。The state that the rotation of crank axle 5 has stopped meaning the state that rotary speed is 0 or essentially 0 of crank axle 5。The rotary speed of crank axle 5 essentially 0 state be such as crank axle 5 so that the rotation of detection crank axle 5 will not be used to detecting device (such as, detecting apparatus for rotor position 50) state that the speed of rotation of crank axle 5 rotates detected。The rotary speed of crank axle 5 essentially 0 the state state that to be such as crank axle 5 rotate with the speed lower than the most high rotation speed of the crank axle 5 obtained during the rotating forward in the step S13 of Fig. 6。The most high rotation speed of the crank axle 5 obtained in the step S13 of Fig. 6 is when not receiving startup instruction after four-stroke engine body stops combustion event, the most high rotation speed controlling to obtain when device CT makes crank axle 5 rotate。

Control device CT after the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E and the rotating forward of crank axle 5 stop (being yes in S11, S12), till making crank axle 5 just go to the compression stroke four strokes from the stop position P1 shown in Fig. 7 (a) (S13)。Control device CT when the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E and the rotating forward of crank axle 5 stop and not receiving startup instruction, make crank axle 5 rotate forward (S13)。More specifically, start motor control part 62 makes the rotating forward that the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E stops (S11) and then crank axle 5 stop after (being yes in S12) in Combustion System portion 63, till making crank axle 5 self-stopping technology position P1 just go to the compression stroke in four strokes (S13)。Controlling device CT makes crank axle 5 stop in compression stroke。Fig. 7 (a) illustrates the state till the crank axle 5 self-stopping technology position P1 position P2 just going in compression stroke。In the present embodiment, after the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E and the rotating forward of crank axle 5 stop and receiving in the time period started before instruction, control device CT and control crank axle 5 in the way of not making crank axle 5 reverse。Control device CT and in the way of not making crank axle 5 reversion, be controlled crank axle 5 until performing burn operation。

Control at least some of of device CT scope terminating (compression top dead center) from position to the compression stroke rotating forward stopping of crank axle 5, control multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61, make 3-phase brushless motor SG to rotate less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。In above-mentioned steps S13, control device CT by controlling multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61, control to apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14 so that crank axle 5 rotates forward。More specifically, start motor control part 62 (to control device CT with sequential set in advance, make multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。Thus the multi phase stator winding W of 3-phase brushless motor SG is applied voltage, so that the outer rotor 30 of 3-phase brushless motor SG rotates。The rotation of crank axle 5 and outer rotor 30 rotates linkedly。

In step s 13, controlling device CT makes 3-phase brushless motor SG to rotate less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。Controlling device CT makes 3-phase brushless motor SG to rotate lower than the torque of (S17) obtainable torque capacity when crank axle 5 rotates forward in response to the reception starting instruction, makes crank axle 5 just go to till compression stroke simultaneously。More specifically, start the torque suppressing portion 622 of motor control part 62 with sequential set in advance, make multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。Start the motor control part 62 on/off action executing opened loop control for switch portion 611～616。That is, start motor control part 62 and do not carry out the feedback control of the position based on outer rotor 30 so that multi phase stator winding W is energized by sequential set in advance successively。3-phase brushless motor SG, such as when multi phase stator winding W is energized successively with the best sequential corresponding with the position of outer rotor 30, plays from the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。Torque in the step S13 of the present embodiment suppresses in control, start the torque suppressing portion 622 of motor control part 62 (controlling device CT) not with the best sequential corresponding with the position of outer rotor 30, and be based on the feedforward and make switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action with sequential set in advance。As a result, 3-phase brushless motor SG is to rotate less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。

Make switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action with sequential set in advance and refer to the positional information not using outer rotor 30, and make switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。

Such as, make switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action with sequential set in advance and refer to that the signal being not based on detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 makes switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。Sequential set in advance makes switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action to refer to and such as do not use the Magnetic Sensor with embedded semiconductor element to make switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。

Sequential set in advance may be based on except rotor 30 positional information beyond information, the voltage of such as temperature or battery 14 and change。

In step later, wherein control device CT and make crank axle 5 rotate forward (S17) in response to the reception starting instruction, successively multi phase stator winding W is energized according to the position of the outer rotor 30 detected by detecting apparatus for rotor position 50。That is, when in response to start the reception of instruction and when making crank axle 5 rotate forward, control device CT by based on the position of outer rotor 30, be more specifically the feedback control of the magnetic pole strength 37a position relative to stator winding W, and successively multi phase stator winding W is energized。Feedback control based on the position of outer rotor 30 makes it possible to play from the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。Torque in the step S13 of the present embodiment suppresses in control, start the torque suppressing portion 622 of motor control part 62 (controlling device CT) with the set in advance sequential unrelated with the magnetic pole strength 37a position relative to stator winding W, make multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。This allows to control device CT makes crank axle 5 rotate less than the torque of torque capacity, and wherein this torque capacity is the torque capacity obtained when making crank axle 5 rotate forward in response to the reception starting instruction。

In step s 13, control device CT by making multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action, and make crank axle 5 just go to till compression stroke。Control device CT can pass through to make multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action according to number of times set in advance, and make crank axle 5 just go to till compression stroke。In the example shown in Fig. 7 (a), crank axle 5 rotate in compression stroke with the P2 position represented。Here, control the stop position P1 of the crank axle 5 of (being yes in S12) when device CT can stop according to the rotation stopping after crank shaft 5 in combustion event, control the number of times making multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。

Control device CT (being no in S14) when not receiving the instruction restarted, terminate the on/off action of multiple switch portion 611～616。Thus, controlling device CT makes crank axle 5 stop in compression stroke。In the example shown in Fig. 7 (a), crank axle 5 stops in the position represented with P2。Owing to crank axle 5 stops in compression stroke, it is thus ensured that the rotation of crank axle is from compression stroke when engine start。

When receiving startup instruction (being yes in S14), control device CT and make the rotation of 3-phase brushless motor SG march arbor 5, thus make four-stroke engine body E start (S15)。Specifically, if after the rotating forward (S13) of the crank axle 5 caused by the control of the voltage to applying to 3-phase brushless motor SG stops in compression stroke, receive startup instruction (being yes in S14), control device CT and control to apply to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor SG to make crank axle rotate forward (S15) from battery 14。That is, control device CT when the rotating forward of crank axle 5 stops, controlling to apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14 in response to the reception starting instruction, so that crank axle rotates forward (S15)。Controlling device CT makes crank axle 5 start to rotate forward from the position of the crank axle 5 receiving the time point (being yes in S14) starting instruction。Controlling device CT makes crank axle 5 start to rotate forward from the stop position of the crank axle 5 receiving the time point (being yes in S14) starting instruction。

Starting instruction is such as when starting switch 16 is operated, and self-starting switch 16 input is to controlling device CT。When engine unit EU has idle stop function, control device CT by judging engine start condition set in advance, and the instruction that spontaneous execution starts。Reaching of engine start condition set in advance includes in the input starting instruction。Engine start condition set in advance is such as accelerating the operation of operator (not shown)。

If in during the on/off action of multiple switch portion 611～616 in step s 13, receive the instruction restarted, controlling device CT does not make the rotating forward of crank axle 5 in compression stroke stopping but overcoming compression stroke to continue rotating forward, thus makes four-stroke engine body E start (S15～S21)。More specifically, if controlling device CT when the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E and the rotating forward of crank axle 5 stop and not receiving startup instruction, midway till making crank axle 5 just go to compression stroke receives startup instruction, and control device CT does not make the rotating forward of crank axle 5 stop in compression stroke but overcomes compression stroke to continue to rotate forward。Thus, controlling device CT makes four-stroke engine body E start (S15～S21)。

If rotating forward overcomes compression stroke to continue, then the power that the inertia force of the crank axle 5 till just going to compression stroke when not receiving and starting instruction is used as making crank axle 5 rotate is to restart the rotation of the crank axle 5 of four-stroke engine body E。This can shorten further and restarts the required time。

In step S15, control device CT and make 3-phase brushless motor SG less than while rotating from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14, to make crank axle 5 rotate forward from compression stroke。Control time period at least some of device CT terminates to compression stroke after crank axle 5 starts to rotate forward, continue to suppress the control of the output torque of 3-phase brushless motor SG。Specifically, control device CT and first carry out torque suppression control (S15)。More specifically, start the torque suppressing portion 622 of motor control part 62 with sequential set in advance, make multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。Start motor control part 62 and the on/off action of switch portion 611～616 is carried out opened loop control。That is, start motor control part 62 and do not carry out utilizing the feedback control of the position of outer rotor 30, but successively multi phase stator winding W is energized with sequential set in advance。Start the torque suppressing portion 622 of motor control part 62 (controlling device CT) by making multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action with sequential set in advance, it is allowed to crank axle 5 is to rotate less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。

Controlling device CT after crank axle 5 starts rotating forward, detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 detects the position (being yes in S16) of outer rotor 30, carries out suppressing to release controlling (S17)。If the position of outer rotor 30 being detected before compression stroke terminates, then the part of the time period before compression stroke terminates is implemented torque and is suppressed control。Also can implement torque after the compression stroke to suppress to control。Suppressing to release in control, controlling device CT and release the suppression of the output torque to 3-phase brushless motor SG。

Suppression at the present embodiment releases and controls in (S17), controls device CT to release the suppression of output torque, with the sequential corresponding with the position of outer rotor 30, successively multiple stator winding W is energized。That is, control the device CT feedback control by the position based on outer rotor 30, and successively multi phase stator winding W is energized。As a result, the suppression of the output torque of 3-phase brushless motor SG can be released, and the torque capacity that will obtain when making crank axle 5 rotate forward in response to the reception starting instruction can be played。Now, it is therefore preferable to control device CT and make 3-phase brushless motor SG to rotate from the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。Control (S17) by carrying out suppressing to release, control device CT and be converted to the pattern spun up making outer rotor 30。

Hereafter, if the rotary speed of crank axle 5 exceedes specific ignitable rotary speed (being yes in S18), control device CT and make the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E start (S19)。More specifically, control the Combustion System portion 63 of device CT by controlling spark plug 29, and control the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E。When four-stroke engine body E includes injection fuel to produce the fuel injector mixing gas, Combustion System portion 63 also controls the injection of fuel injector, controls the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E。The combustion event starting four-stroke engine body E also includes validating that whether combustion event normally carries out。Whether combustion event normally such as judges in the following way: rotate the time period repeatedly at crank axle 5, measure the rotary speed of crank axle 5, and determine whether the rotary speed measured exceedes certain value, the value that this value will obtain when being defined as normal combustion event。

Control device CT in response to starting the reception of instruction by making crank axle 5 rotate forward at the present embodiment, and after making the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E start, also make the rotating forward of crank axle 5 accelerate (S19)。More specifically, 3-phase brushless motor SG, after including validating that the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E of action that whether combustion event normally carries out starts, continues to make spinning up of crank axle 5。Control, in the device CT time period set in advance after making combustion event start, to control multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61, thus control to apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14, so that the rotating forward of crank axle 5 is accelerated。Compared with the situation of the rotating forward only undertaken by the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E, this accelerates the acceleration of rotating forward of crank axle 5。

After four-stroke engine body E starts combustion event, there is the situation that the stability of the rotation of crank axle 5 is relatively low。After the burning of four-stroke engine body starts, 3-phase brushless motor SG continues to make the rotating forward of crank axle 5 to accelerate so that utilize the rotating forward stabilisation of the crank axle 5 that the burning of four-stroke engine body carries out。Here, the time period set in advance is set as the time span (time cycle) being enough to make the spin stabilization of crank axle 5。Such as the time period set in advance is set as that the rotary speed being enough to make crank axle 5 reaches the time span of idling rotary speed。

After the burning of four-stroke engine body E starts, when such as requiring that vehicle accelerates, the acceleration rotating forward acceleration auxiliary vehicle of crank axle 5。When requiring when 3-phase brushless motor SG generates electricity to accelerate, control device CT and control to switch to Motor Control by 3-phase brushless motor SG self power generation, thus make the rotating forward of crank axle 5 accelerate。

As it has been described above, control device CT after the startup of four-stroke engine body E terminates, the rotating forward of crank axle 5 is made to accelerate within the time period set in advance。Therefore, the rotating forward stabilisation of the crank axle 5 undertaken by the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E can be made。Additionally, can the acceleration of the more quickly rotating forward of march arbor 5。

After four-stroke engine body E starts, the rotation of 3-phase brushless motor SG and crank axle 5 rotates linkedly, using as producing in order to the electromotor to the electric current that battery 14 is charged function。More specifically, four-stroke engine body E start burning (S21) after, 3-phase brushless motor SG by four-stroke engine body E drive and as electromotor function。Controlling device CT makes multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action, and controls the electric current from multiple stator winding W supply to battery 14。Control the device CT detection signal of telecommunication in winding 51 based on detecting apparatus for rotor position 50, and make multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。

Fig. 7 (b) illustrates the comparative example as the present embodiment, and it illustrates the action of crank axle during reversion。

In the example shown in Fig. 7 (b), identical with the situation of the present embodiment shown in Fig. 7 (a), after the combustion event of four-stroke engine body stops, crank axle stops at stop position P1。Hereafter, till crank axle is inverted to the position P3 in expansion stroke。In response to the reception of startup instruction, the position P3 in self-expanding stroke starts to rotate forward crank axle。

In the present embodiment, shown in example in Fig. 7 (a), crank axle is moved through stopping from the combustion event of four-stroke engine body the stop position P1 of after crank shaft stopping and starting the distance the position P2 rotated forward to crank axle in response to the reception starting instruction。This distance be shorter than as shown in Fig. 7 (b) from position P1 distance to the P3 of position。

In fig. 8, required torque Ta during rotating forward is represented with solid line。High load area TH is arranged in compression stroke and near compression top dead center (crank angle location is 0 degree)。Low-load region TL includes in induction stroke, expansion stroke and exhaust stroke。

In fig. 8, required torque Tb during reversion it is represented by dotted lines。When crank axle reverses, as shown in phantom in fig, high load area not included in compression stroke, and be included in expansion stroke。

The action M2 of the Reversion lower crank axle as comparative example shown in the action M1 and Fig. 7 (b) of the rotating forward situation lower crank axle shown in Fig. 7 (a) is illustrated in the bottom of the chart of Fig. 8。

The action M2 of the Reversion lower crank axle as comparative example will be illustrated。

After the combustion event of four-stroke engine body stops, the crank axle that the stop position P1 in compression stroke or near compression stroke stops, carrying out reversing till being arranged in the position P3 of expansion stroke, then turn off。Hereafter, crank axle rotates forward in response to the reception starting instruction so that improve the rotary speed of crank axle before crank axle arrives high load area。

In a comparative example, after combustion event stops and crank axle stops, crank axle is made to reverse in the interval to expansion stroke by induction stroke and exhaust stroke。Carry out the inclination reversed at crank axle, produce high load area in exhaust stroke。If in the reversing time section of crank axle, crank axle overcomes the maximum load position being in high load area, then crank axle will be moved to compression stroke。If the crank axle carrying out reversing moves to compression stroke, then carrying out reverses no longer has superiority, and needs the timely chien shih of power to be changed into rotating forward on the contrary。Therefore, make crank axle carry out reversion to need to avoid crank axle to move to compression stroke。For this, it is impossible to make crank axle be substantial access to be in the maximum load position near compression top dead center (0 degree)。Owing to being difficult to make crank axle be substantial access to maximum load position when crank axle reverses, so crank axle is from the position P3 starting to rotate forward in response to starting the reception of instruction, just to go to the distance L4 passed through till maximum load position shorter。Therefore, relatively small by the inertia force just transferring to obtain in response to the reception starting instruction。

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, after the combustion event of four-stroke engine body and the rotating forward of crank axle 5 stop, till crank axle 5 is just going to the position P2 in compression stroke by the driving of 3-phase brushless motor SG。Hereafter, crank axle 5 starts to rotate in response to the reception starting instruction。Now, crank axle 5 gradually steps up speed from halted state。Start the crank axle 5 rotated forward from the position P2 of compression stroke, pass through compression stroke with the low speed rotated after starting。Due to crank axle 5 with low speed by compression stroke, so crank axle 5 is not easily susceptible to the impact of the compression reaction force of gas。Its result, crank axle 5 can overcome the load of the high load area of compression stroke in time。After by compression stroke, crank axle experience rotates forward from the expansion stroke wider low-load region to compression stroke, until second time arrives high load area。Namely, it can be ensured that in order to the longer promoter region L2 accelerated。Therefore, 3-phase brushless motor SG before crank axle 5 second time arrives high load area, can improve the rotary speed of crank axle 5。Therefore, both output torques of the available bigger inertia force produced with higher rotary speed and 3-phase brushless motor, overcome the high load area that second time runs into。Therefore, the output torque of 3-phase brushless motor SG can be suppressed and allow the miniaturization of 3-phase brushless motor。Position P2 allows for the four-stroke engine body E position started with less output torque。Position P2 is the position in compression stroke。Position P2 is such as positioned at compression stroke and the position near compression top dead center。

State when again the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E being stopped illustrates。After the rotating forward of crank axle 5 stops, control device CT by controlling multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61, and control to apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14, so that till crank axle 5 self-stopping technology position P1 just going to the position P2 being positioned at compression stroke。Crank axle 5 is shorter than the interval L3 being moved through with reversion with the interval L1 that this rotating forward is moved through。Therefore, and make compared with crank axle is inverted to the situation till expansion stroke, crank axle 5 can be made to move to being prone to the shorter time and make the four-stroke engine body E position started with less torque。

Making the crank axle 5 stopping at stop position P1 just go to the position P2 being positioned at compression stroke in the control of the voltage adopted applying to 3-phase brushless motor SG, such as compared with the situation that the inertia force of the combustion event by four-stroke engine body E and carrying out rotates forward, it is easy to control the movement of crank axial location P2。Therefore, crank axle can be made to move at short notice to the position being prone to carry out the startup of four-stroke engine body E。

Therefore, including the engine unit EU according to the present embodiment of the four-stroke engine body E between 4 strokes with high load area and low-load region, the shortening of the time that can simultaneously realize after stopping instruction from burning to restarting and the lift-launch to vehicle。

Control device CT when not receiving startup instruction, make 3-phase brushless motor SG with less than while rotating from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14, till making crank axle 5 just go to compression stroke (the step S13 of Fig. 6)。

The time period till compression stroke is just being gone at crank axle 5, namely, time period terminating from the stop position P1 of crank axle 5 to compression stroke at least some of, 3-phase brushless motor SG is to rotate less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14 so that the speed of the rotating forward of crank axle 5 is relatively low。Therefore, the compression reaction force of the gas occurred in rotating forward, the four-stroke engine body E combustor with crank axle 5 can be suppressed。Owing to the resistance of the rotation to crank axle 5 because of compression reaction force generation can be suppressed, crank axle 5 therefore can be made to move to compression stroke with the shorter time。Therefore, shortening restarts the required time more reliably。

In order to make four-stroke engine body E start, controlling device CT makes 3-phase brushless motor SG, while comparing the torque being restricted from the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14 and rotating, to make crank axle 5 carry out rotating forward (the step S15 of Fig. 6) from compression stroke。Time period at least some of terminating to compression stroke after crank axle 5 starts to rotate forward, controls device CT and makes 3-phase brushless motor SG to rotate less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。Therefore, when four-stroke engine body E starts, with such as with compared with the situation that rotates from the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14, crank axle 5 starts to rotate forward from compression stroke with relatively low speed。Therefore, crank axle 5 becomes to be further susceptible to overcome the load of the high load area of compression stroke。It is believed that crank axle 5 becomes prone to overcome the reason of load to be in that when low speed, from the amount increase of the gas that the combustor of four-stroke engine body E leaks so that because of the amount reduction of the load that compression reaction force produces。

And, the crank axle 5 at least through compression stroke experiences the substantially whole region in self-expanding stroke low-load region to compression stroke and rotates forward, and second time arrives high load area。Here, crank axle 5 by utilizing both of the output torque of the bigger inertia force that produce and 3-phase brushless motor SG with higher rotary speed, and can overcome second high load area。

Including the quantity of the magnetic pole strength 37a in the rotor 30 of 3-phase brushless motor SG compared with more than the 2/3 of teeth portion 43 quantity。The quantity of magnetic pole strength 37a is more many, then the frequency applying the change of each the voltage to winding W by controlling device CT control switch portion 611～616 is higher。For example, it is assumed that the voltage of each applying impulse waveform to winding W, then the frequency of this pulse is higher。Higher owing to applying to the frequency of each voltage of winding W, therefore 3-phase brushless motor SG makes the frequency of the pulsation that crank axle 5 rotates forward the torque applied higher。By receiving the torque with higher frequency pulsation, crank axle 5 becomes prone to overcome the load of high load area。

3-phase brushless motor SG is after four-stroke engine body E starts, and the rotation with crank axle 5 rotates linkedly, thus as producing in order to the electromotor to the electric current that battery 14 is charged function。Have concurrently the stator winding W of 3-phase brushless motor SG of generator function owing to battery 14 must be charged thus the restriction being subject in structure。Such as, in order to suppress excessive charging current, and the performance as 3-phase brushless motor SG is limited。

But, according to the present embodiment, crank axle 5 arrives maximum load position with the relatively low rotary speed by producing less than the exporting torque of torque capacity, and is accelerated by sufficiently long interval before second time arrives maximum load position。Therefore, even if this makes the performance at 3-phase brushless motor SG be restricted in situation, it is also possible to overcome the load of the maximum load position run into for the second time。Therefore, double as startup motor and electromotor by 3-phase brushless motor SG and make composition simple, and 3-phase brushless motor SG miniaturization can be made。

[the second embodiment]

Then, the second embodiment of the present invention is illustrated。In the explanation of second embodiment following below, the symbol that the key element mark corresponding with each key element of first embodiment is identical, mainly the difference from above-mentioned first embodiment is illustrated。

The four-stroke engine body E being arranged in the engine unit EU of the present embodiment has decompressor (decompressor)。In FIG, diagrammatically show decompressor D。Decompressor D by opening the valve being arranged at four-stroke engine body E during a part for compression stroke, and discharges a part for the gas of combustor。That is, decompressor D discharges the pressure of combustor during a part for compression stroke。Thus, the impact of the compression reaction force of the gas suffered by crank axle 5 reduces。That is, in high load area, the load that crank axle 5 rotates is made to reduce。

If decompressor D does not carry out action, the then state that valve remains off in compression stroke, therefore produce higher load in high load area。

Decompressor D carries out action when the rotary speed of crank axle 5 is lower than threshold value set in advance。Threshold value is lower than the rotary speed of the combustion event enabling four-stroke engine body E。Therefore, decompressor D passes through to carry out action in the part of the time period that control applies from battery 14 to make crank axle 5 rotate forward to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor SG at control device CT。

Fig. 9 is the explanation figure of the crank angle location schematically showing engine unit EU according to the second embodiment of the present invention and the relation of required torque。

In the engine unit EU of the present embodiment, combustion event at four-stroke engine body E stops and after the rotating forward stopping of crank axle 5, control device CT when the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E and the rotating forward of crank axle 5 stop and not receiving startup instruction, till making crank axle 5 self-stopping technology position just go to the compression stroke in four strokes。

When not receiving startup instruction, controlling device CT when making crank axle 5 self-stopping technology position just go to till compression stroke, decompressor D carries out action。Therefore, as it is shown in figure 9, required torque (i.e. load) presents multiple maximum (peak value) Q1, Q2。In region between multiple maximum Q1, Q2, load reduces。

Control device CT make crank axle 5 just going in the middle of the maximum Q1 of multiple loads, the Q2 that arrive prior to compression top dead center during the rotating forward of crank axle 5, closest to till the position between the maximum Q1 of the load adjacent with the maximum Q2 of the load being located nearest to compression top dead center for maximum Q2 of the load of compression top dead center。Control the device CT position making crank axle 5 between maximum Q2 and maximum Q1 to stop。

If the rotating forward at crank axle 5 receives startup instruction after compression stroke stopping, controlling device CT and make crank axle 5 position at crank axle 5 place in time receiving startup instruction rotate forward。Specifically, control device CT and control to apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14, make crank axle 5 rotate forward from the position between maximum Q2 and maximum Q1。

Discharge the pressure in combustor by decompressor D, therefore make the load that crank axle 5 rotates reduce。Therefore, even if the output torque of 3-phase brushless motor SG reduces further, it is possible to promptly overcome the load of high load area。Therefore, the time restarted needed for four-stroke engine body E is shortened。Even if additionally, make the output torque of 3-phase brushless motor SG diminish, it is possible to promptly restart four-stroke engine body E。Therefore, according to the present embodiment, can realize after burning stops instruction, restart shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time simultaneously。

Decompressor D can when control device CT when do not receive start instruction make crank axle 5 rotate forward time period in and control device CT receive start indicate make crank axle 5 rotate forward time period in carry out action。Or, decompressor D also can carry out action within any one time period of two time periods。Or, decompressor D also carries out action in each the part of two time periods。

In the present embodiment, control device CT when not receiving startup instruction, make crank axle 5 just go to till compression stroke, and control device CT when receiving startup instruction, make crank axle rotate forward from the position at crank axle 5 place when receiving startup instruction。That is, controlling device CT makes the compression stroke that rotates on of crank axle 5 stop, and makes the compression stroke that rotates from of crank axle 5 start。Crank axle 5 passes through compression stroke with relatively low rotary speed。Decompressor D discharges the pressure in combustor during a part for compression stroke by opening valve。

When decompressor D discharges the pressure in combustor during a part for compression stroke by opening valve, crank axle 5 rotates in compression stroke with relatively low rotary speed。Therefore, it can be ensured that in order to discharge the time enough of the pressure in combustor。As a result of which it is, the reducing amount of pressure in combustor is bigger。Therefore, the load that crank axle 5 rotates is made to reduce。

Such as, as shown in Fig. 7 (b), till crank axle is inverted to the position P3 being positioned at expansion stroke, in response to the reception of startup instruction, the position P3 in self-expanding stroke starts to rotate forward crank axle。Crank axle passes through compression stroke with higher rotary speed。Therefore, it is impossible to guarantee the time enough discharging the pressure in combustor。As a result of which it is, the pressure in combustor will not reduce fully。Therefore, the load that crank axle rotates is made to be difficult to reduce。

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the time enough discharging the pressure in combustor is guaranteed by decompressor D。Therefore, the effect of the minimizing of the load rotated by decompressor D is fine。Therefore, even if the output torque of 3-phase brushless motor SG is less, it is possible to promptly overcome the load of high load area。According to the present embodiment, can realize after burning stops instruction, restart shortening and the improvement of the lift-launch to vehicle of required time simultaneously。

According to the present embodiment, carry out action by the mechanism of decompressor and reduce at least one of load of high load area, therefore after receiving enabled instruction, reduce to make crank axle rotate required load。Therefore, the output torque of 3-phase brushless motor SG can be suppressed and by 3-phase brushless motor miniaturization。

[the 3rd embodiment]

Then, the third embodiment of the present invention is illustrated。In the explanation of following 3rd embodiment, the symbol that the key element mark corresponding with each key element of first embodiment is identical, mainly the difference from above-mentioned first embodiment is illustrated。

Figure 10 is the flow chart of the action of the engine unit EU that the 3rd embodiment is described。Figure 11 is the figure of the action of the crank axle 5 of the engine unit EU that the 3rd embodiment is described。

In the engine unit EU of the present embodiment, the rotation of crank axle 5 lasting when controlling device CT according to the stopping of the combustion event from four-stroke engine body E stops the position of (S12 of Figure 10), and when do not receive start instruction the rotating forward of switching crank axle 5 and reverse (S301)。

Such as, if rotating forward in the first scope R1 (with reference to Figure 11) that the position stopped is in four strokes of crank axle 5 lasting during from the stopping of the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E, then control (S302) till device CT makes crank axle 5 just go to compression stroke when not receiving startup instruction。If the position stopped that rotating forward of crank axle 5 lasting during from the stopping of the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E is in the second scope R2 in four strokes, then controls device CT and make crank axle reversion (S303) when not receiving startup instruction。Control device CT and detect the position of crank axle 5 based on the detection in the multiple detection object portions 38 utilizing detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 (with reference to Fig. 4) to carry out。

In the engine unit EU of the present embodiment, the action of above-mentioned steps S301～S303 is different from first embodiment。Remaining action is identical with first embodiment。

Figure 11 illustrates and is not receiving the example of the situation that the state lower crank axle starting instruction carries out rotating forward and carrying out the example reversed when not receiving and starting instruction。Figure 11 also show the example of above-mentioned first scope R1 and the second scope R2。

Till first scope R1 extends to terminal Rb from starting point Ra in forward direction。The starting point Ra of the first scope R1 is set in forward direction in the compression top dead center (0 degree) scope to exhaust top dead center (360 degree)。The terminal Rb of the first scope R1 is set in compression stroke。

Till second scope R2 extends to the starting point Ra of the first scope R1 in forward direction from compression top dead center (0 degree)。Second scope R2 in reverse directions relatively the first scope R1 closer to compression top dead center。

In the present embodiment, rotate forward, according to crank axle 5 lasting during from the stopping of combustion event, the position stopped, switching rotating forward and the reversion of crank axle 5 when not receiving and starting instruction。

If the position of the stopping of the rotating forward of crank axle 5 lasting time such as from the stopping of the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E is in the first scope R1 as shown in the P1 of Figure 11, then control till device CT makes crank axle 5 just go to the position P2 in the such as compression stroke shown in Figure 11 when not receiving startup instruction。This rotating forward is identical with the action of first embodiment。

If the position stopped that rotating forward of crank axle 5 lasting time such as from the stopping of the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E is in the second scope R2 as shown in the P5 of Figure 11, then controls device CT and make crank axle 5 reverse when not receiving startup instruction。Make crank axle 5 close to compression top dead center by reversing。Till control device CT makes crank axle 5 be inverted to the position P6 in the such as expansion stroke shown in Figure 11。If receiving startup instruction after stopping reversion, then crank axle 5 starts from the position that above-mentioned reversion stops to rotate forward。The crank axle 5 position P6 from such as expansion stroke starts to rotate forward。Make crank axle 5 reverse when not receiving startup instruction, it is advantageously ensured that when crank axle 5 is when rotating forward in response to the reception starting instruction, arrive the longer acceleration area before next high load area。According to the present embodiment, even if the rotating forward of crank axle 5 lasting during from the stopping of the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E stops in the second scope R2, also crank axle 5 can be made to reverse without when starting instruction when not receiving, thus make crank axle move to being prone to the position that makes four-stroke engine body start。Therefore, the present embodiment can shorten further burning stop instruction after restart the required time。

[the 4th embodiment]

Then, the fourth embodiment of the present invention is illustrated。In the explanation of following 4th embodiment, the symbol that the key element mark corresponding with each key element of first embodiment is identical, mainly the difference from above-mentioned first embodiment is illustrated。

Figure 12 is the flow chart of the action that the engine unit EU according to the 4th embodiment is described。

In the engine unit EU of the present embodiment, if the rotating forward of crank axle 5 lasting during from the stopping of the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E stops (being " compression stroke " in S401) compression stroke, then control device CT and be omitted under the state not receiving startup instruction the step (S13) making crank axle 5 rotate forward。If the rotating forward of crank axle 5 lasting during from the stopping of the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E stops (for " before compression stroke " among S401) before the compression stroke, then control the device CT step (S13) carrying out making crank axle 5 rotate forward when being not affected by starting instruction。

Except above-mentioned steps S401, identical with first embodiment according to the action of the engine unit EU of the present embodiment。

The situation that the rotating forward of crank axle 5 lasting during from the stopping of the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E stops compression stroke, even if meaning that the output torque of 3-phase brushless motor SG is less, crank axle 5 is also at being prone to make the four-stroke engine body E position started。According to the present embodiment, if rotating forward of crank axle 5 makes the four-stroke engine body E position started stop being prone to, then it is omitted in and does not receive the step making crank axle rotate forward under the state that startup indicates。Therefore, this can shorten in response to the reception starting instruction make crank axle start rotate time of spending。Therefore, can shorten further burning stop instruction after restart the required time。

[the 5th embodiment]

Then, the fifth embodiment of the present invention is illustrated。In the explanation of following 5th embodiment, the symbol that the key element mark corresponding with each key element of first embodiment is identical, mainly the difference from above-mentioned first embodiment is illustrated。

Figure 13 shows the block diagram of the electric basic comprising of the engine unit EU of the 5th embodiment。

In the engine unit EU shown in Figure 13, detecting apparatus for rotor position 850 includes Hall IC。Detecting apparatus for rotor position 850 detection is arranged at the magnetic pole strength 37a of outer rotor 30。Control device CT and judge the position of outer rotor 30 based on the change of the signal of telecommunication exported from detecting apparatus for rotor position 850。Control device CT and control multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61 based on the position of outer rotor 30。Thus, control device CT and control the rotation of 3-phase brushless motor SG。The control device CT of the present embodiment is not with sequential set in advance, but the position of the outer rotor 30 detected by detecting apparatus for rotor position 850 makes multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action。That is, the device CT that controls of the present embodiment makes multiple switch portion 611～616 carry out on/off action by the feedback control based on the position of outer rotor 30。

The device CT that controls of the present embodiment passes through to control multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61, and controls the voltage (magnitude of voltage) applied to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14。More specifically, start each multiple switch portion 611～616 passing through to control phase inverter 61 rotating control portion 8621 and torque suppressing portion 8622 of motor control part 862, and control the voltage (magnitude of voltage) applied to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14。In the present embodiment, above-mentioned control not only includes switching the energising to stator winding W and blocking-up, but also includes controlling magnitude of voltage。

More specifically, control device CT and multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61 are carried out pulsewidth modulation (PWM (PulseWidthModulation)) control。Control device CT utilization to have carried out the signal of pulsewidth modulation and made multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61 carry out ON Action。Such as, control device CT three phases each mutually in, repeat during energising and non-energized period。The time period of 120 degree of electrical angle is corresponded to during energising。Non-energized period is switched on the time period of 60 degree of the electrical angle after the cycle。Controlling device CT utilizes the signal having carried out pulsewidth modulation to make the switch portion of the phase corresponding with during energising in three-phase carry out ON Action。The cycle of pulse is shorter than during energising and the repetition period of non-energized period。The control device CT of the present embodiment and phase inverter 61 control the dutycycle of the signal of pulsewidth modulation, to control to apply the average voltage (magnitude of voltage) of the stator winding W to 3-phase brushless motor SG。Average voltage level is the time average of the voltage of such as time per unit。Unit interval is such as corresponding with during the energising time period。Control device CT and not only selectively switch on or block the energising of stator winding W, and control during being energized the stator winding W magnitude of voltage applied。

The device CT that controls of the present embodiment makes crank axle 5 rotate forward in the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E and the rotating forward of crank axle 5 when stopping。Now, from crank axle 5 rotate forward time period the position stopped is terminated to compression stroke at least some of in, control device CT and control multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61 and make 3-phase brushless motor SG to rotate less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。Time period terminating to compression stroke at least some of in, the device CT that controls of the present embodiment controls multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61, and makes the voltage applied to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14 lower than the voltage of battery 14。Herein, just going at least some of period of time period till compression stroke when not receiving and starting instruction at crank axle 5, the device CT that controls of the present embodiment controls multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61 and makes applying to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor SG lower than the voltage of battery 14。Namely, just going at least some of period of time period till compression stroke at crank axle 5 when not receiving and starting instruction, controlling device CT and control multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61 and make 3-phase brushless motor SG to rotate less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。

More specifically, in the rotating forward of the step S13 shown in Fig. 6, control device CT and make applying apply the voltage to 3-phase brushless motor SG to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor SG lower than when making crank axle 5 rotate forward in response to the reception starting instruction (S17)。When the dutycycle of the signal of control switch portion 611～616 is 100%, apply the voltage situation that be equal to the voltage of battery 14 to 3-phase brushless motor SG。Now, 3-phase brushless motor SG plays from the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。The present embodiment control device CT by making the dutycycle of signal of control switch portion 611～616 lower than 100%, and make applying to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor SG lower than the voltage of battery 14。Thus, make 3-phase brushless motor SG to rotate less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。

In this way, controlling device CT makes 3-phase brushless motor SG, while comparing the torque rotation being suppressed from the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14, to make crank axle 5 just go to till compression stroke。Therefore, according to the present embodiment, crank axle 5 passes through compression stroke with low speed, so crank axle 5 is difficult to be subject to the impact of the compression reaction force of gas。Therefore, according to the present embodiment, similar with the situation of first embodiment, the resistance of the rotation to crank axle 5 produced because of compression reaction force can be suppressed, crank axle 5 therefore can be made to move to compression stroke within the shorter time。Therefore, shortening restarts the required time more reliably。

The control device CT of the present embodiment is when the combustion event of four-stroke engine body E and the rotating forward of crank axle 5 stop, from at least some of period receiving the input time period to making crank axle 5 just go to compression stroke starting instruction, make the voltage applied to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14 lower than the voltage of battery 14。Control device CT and control multiple switch portion 611～616 of phase inverter 61, with when the voltage applied to 3-phase brushless motor SG from battery 14 lower than the voltage of battery 14 make crank axle 5 rotate forward。

More specifically, in the torque of the step S15 shown in Fig. 6 suppresses to control, control device CT by making the dutycycle of signal of the multiple switch portion 611～616 of control lower than 100%, and make applying to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor SG lower than the voltage of battery 14。Its result, with first embodiment similarly, from least some of period receiving the input the starting instruction time period to making crank axle 5 just go to compression stroke, can suppress the torque of 3-phase brushless motor SG。Owing to the torque of 3-phase brushless motor SG is suppressed, the therefore speed step-down of the rotating forward of crank axle。Therefore, the resistance of the rotation to crank axle because compression reaction force produces can be suppressed。Therefore, start four-stroke engine body in response to the reception starting instruction, crank axle can be made to move to compression stroke within the shorter time。Therefore, identically with first embodiment, can shorten further burning stop instruction after restart the required time。

[motorcycle]

Figure 14 shows the diagram being equipped with first embodiment to the outward appearance of the vehicle of the arbitrary engine unit in the 5th embodiment。

Vehicle A shown in Figure 14 includes engine unit EU, car body 101, wheel 102,103 and battery 14。Engine unit EU can be first embodiment to the arbitrary engine unit EU in the 5th embodiment。The engine unit EU being equipped on vehicle A drives the wheel 103 as driving wheel, makes wheel 103 rotate, thus makes vehicle A runs。

Vehicle A shown in Figure 14 is equipped with and not only guarantees rapid startability but also have thermostability and simple structure and the higher four-stroke engine for vehicle unit of vehicle boarded property, therefore can by vehicle A integral miniaturization。

Vehicle A shown in Figure 14 is motorcycle。But, the vehicle of the present invention is not limited to motorcycle。The example of the vehicle of the present invention includes scooter-type, light-duty, cross-country type, highway type motorcycle。Straddle type vehicle except motorcycle is also acceptable。Such as, ATV (All-TerrainVehicle, all-terrain vehicle) is also acceptable。The vehicle of the present invention is not limited to Straddle type vehicle, it is possible to for having 4 wheeled vehicles etc. of crew department。

Controlling device CT can use the detection device different from detecting apparatus for rotor position 50 detect the rotation of crank axle 5 and rotate stopping。Such as, engine unit includes Hall IC or rotary encoder, and controls device by detecting the output signal of Hall IC or rotary encoder, and detects the rotation of crank axle 5 and rotate stopping。

In the present embodiment, as the example controlling device, the control device CT being configured to when crank axle 5 arrives maximum load position to make the suppression ratio of output torque diminish is described。But, the control device of the present invention is not limited to this。Such as control device to may also be configured to arrive behind maximum load position at crank axle, with the rotation lasts that carries out less than the torque from the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14 to engine ignition。

In the present embodiment, as the example controlling device, describe and be configured to make crank axle 5 just go in the time period till compression stroke, make 3-phase brushless motor SG with less than the control device CT rotated from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14 when not receiving startup instruction。But, the control device of the present invention is not limited to this。Such as, in the period of a part controlling the time period that device may also be configured to make crank axle 5 just go to till compression stroke when not receiving and starting instruction, make 3-phase brushless motor SG to rotate less than from the torque of the obtainable torque capacity of battery 14。

In the present embodiment, as the example controlling device, describe and be configured to make crank axle 5 just go in the time period till compression stroke when not receiving startup instruction, make applying to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor SG lower than the control device CT of the voltage of battery 14。But, the control device of the present invention is not limited to this。Such as control device to may also be configured to make when not receiving and starting instruction in the period of a part that crank axle 5 is just going to time period till compression stroke, make applying to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor SG lower than the voltage of battery。

In the present embodiment, as the example controlling device, describe and be configured to from receiving in the time period started instruction is moved through compression stroke to crank axle, making applying to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor SG lower than the control device CT of the voltage of battery 14。But, the control device of the present invention is not limited to this。Such as control device and may also be configured to, within the period receiving the part starting the time period instruction is moved through compression stroke to crank axle, making applying to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor SG lower than the voltage of battery 14。

In the present embodiment, as making applying to the voltage of 3-phase brushless motor lower than the example controlling device of the voltage of battery, the dutycycle being configured to make the signal of control switch portion 611～616 control device CT lower than 100% is described。But, the control device of the present invention is not limited to this。Such as, control device and include the voltage limiting circuit that is arranged between switch portion and battery, and voltage limiting circuit makes applying to the voltage of switch portion lower than the voltage of battery。

The situation that four-stroke engine body E is singlecylinderengine is illustrated by the present embodiment。But, as long as the electromotor of the present invention is the electromotor with high load area and low-load region, then it is not particularly limited。Namely, it is possible to for multiple cylinder engine。As the example of the electromotor except the present embodiment, the electromotor such as including Series Sheet cylinder, double; two cylinders in parallel, the double; two cylinder of series connection, the double; two cylinder of V-type, the double; two cylinders of level of relative。The number of cylinders of multiple cylinder engine is not particularly limited, and multiple cylinder engine is such as to be alternatively four。But, in four, including the electromotor without low-load region, for instance the four (four exploded at equal intervals) that the compression stroke of each cylinder equally spaced produces。The electromotor without low-load region described above does not meet the definition of the electromotor of the present invention。

[reference numerals list]

A vehicle

CT controls device

E four-stroke engine body

EU engine unit

SG 3-phase brushless motor

5 crank axles

29 spark plugs

62,862 start motor control part

61 phase inverters

611-616 switch portion

Claims

1. an engine unit, it is arranged on vehicle, and described engine unit includes:

After the combustion event of described four-stroke engine body and the rotating forward of described crank axle stop, combustion event and when rotating forward stopping and not receiving described startup instruction of described crank axle at described four-stroke engine body, described control device is by controlling the plurality of switch portion of described phase inverter, control to apply the voltage to described 3-phase brushless motor from described battery, so that described crank axle self-stopping technology position is just going to the compression stroke in described four strokes and stopping in the compression stroke；And

2. engine unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein

3. such as the engine unit of claim 1 or 2, wherein

4. the engine unit as any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein

5. the engine unit as any one of Claims 1-4, wherein

6. the engine unit as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein

7. the engine unit as any one of claim 1 to 5, if the rotating forward of wherein lasting when the combustion event of described four-stroke engine body stops described crank axle stops in the compression stroke, described control device is omitted in the rotating forward not receiving the described crank axle carried out under the described state starting instruction。

8. the engine unit as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein

9. engine unit as claimed in claim 8, wherein

10. the engine unit as any one of claim 1 to 9, wherein

11. the engine unit as any one of claim 1 to 10, wherein

12. a vehicle, described vehicle includes the engine unit as any one of claim 1 to 11。