CN105703519A - Commutation apparatus for an electrical machine - Google Patents
Commutation apparatus for an electrical machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105703519A CN105703519A CN201510917165.XA CN201510917165A CN105703519A CN 105703519 A CN105703519 A CN 105703519A CN 201510917165 A CN201510917165 A CN 201510917165A CN 105703519 A CN105703519 A CN 105703519A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- brush
- reversing arrangement
- receiving element
- busbar
- brush plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/14—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
- H02K5/143—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with commutators
- H02K5/148—Slidably supported brushes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/38—Brush holders
- H01R39/383—Brush holders characterised by the electrical connection to the brush holder
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
- H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/26—Solid sliding contacts, e.g. carbon brush
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
- Dc Machiner (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrical machine, and especially a commutation apparatus for a starting motor (11) of a starting device (1). The commutation apparatus comprises a commutator (26) connected with a rotor shaft (23) and a conductive brush (30), the brush (30) is attached to the outer side surface of the commutator (26) and is accommodated in a brush base (29), and the opposite outer sides of the brush base (29) are provided with accommodating elements (35) used for being connected with a brush plate (28) and a bus bar (36). The commutation apparatus is characterized in that the bus bar (36) or the brush plate (28) or the accommodating element (35) used for the bus bar (36) or the brush plate (28) are radially spaced from a connecting wire (37) of an armature winding and intersect with the connecting wire (37) in the axial direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reversing arrangement for motor as described in the preamble according to claim 1。
Background technology
Become known for the reversing arrangement of motor for by electric current transmission and the armature coil commutating to rotor-side place。Reversing arrangement includes commutator or the diverter of multiple thin slices with arranging with being circumferentially distributed in rotor-side, and the carbon brush being energized being maintained at stator side abuts in thin slice place, and carbon brush is radially slidably retained in brushgear housing。Brushgear housing is arranged in the brush plate place of electrical grounding。It is energized via busbar, on the side that brush plate constructs with busbar dish type respectively ground and is presented axially in the relative of brushgear housing and puts。Such as at this reversing arrangement described in DE202007013137U1, DE102010063688A1 or DE102009002725A1。
A kind of application of this reversing arrangement is the electric starter motor of the starting equipment for starting internal combustion engine。For the use in start stop system, it is necessary to bear the carbon brush of abrasion for the design of substantial amounts of starting process。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, in the way of simple in construction, construct a kind of reversing arrangement, so that it is guaranteed that the permanent operation time。
According to the present invention, this purpose utilizes the feature of claim 1 to realize。Dependent claims provides suitable improvement project。
Reversing arrangement according to the present invention is in motor, in order to is energized to the armature winding of rotor-side and produces the electromagnetic field of field interactions with stator side, the field of stator side or by permanent magnet or by can the coil generation of electrically excited stator side。
Reversing arrangement is such as in the starter motor of starting equipment, to start internal combustion engine。At this, starter motor drives the starter pinion engaged with the gear ring of internal combustion engine。Starter pinion or be permanently joined in gear ring, or by means of starter relay the disengaged orientation return and reach and be adjusted between the position that gear ring engages。Starting equipment can be used for must endure as in the field of the start stop system of a large amount of starting process。
Reversing arrangement includes the brush of the conduction of diverter that the armature spindle with motor is connected or commutator and stator side, and brush abuts in the lateral surface place of commutator and is contained in brushgear housing。Advantageously, the relative motor longitudinal axis of brush is radially movably supported in brushgear housing, and is loaded towards the direction of commutator lateral surface by the power being applied to flexible member thereon。
Brush abuts in the thin slice place of commutator, and thin slice separates via Separation electricity each other and electrically connects with armature winding in a circumferential direction。
Brushgear housing is provided with the receiving element for being connected with brush plate and busbar。On the outside that receiving element is located axially at the relative of brushgear housing at (with reference to motor longitudinal axis) and puts, thus the brush plate of the outside relatively put in the axial direction and busbar are correspondingly contained in the receiving element of each brushgear housing。Brush plate is arranged and is maintained at case place and the electrical grounding (negative pole) of motor。Busbar connects positive electricity (positive pole) and can be mechanically connected with the case of motor equally。Brush is arranged in pairs, and wherein correspondingly a brush electrically connects with busbar, and diametrically and put brush electrically connects with brush plate。Such as circumferentially distribution it is provided with the brush of four or six alternating polarities。
Brush abuts in the thin slice place of commutator, and thin slice separates via Separation electricity each other and electrically connects with armature winding in a circumferential direction。Thin slice for this commutator is connected with armature winding via tie。If desired, tie is embodied as the winding overhang of armature winding。But being also contemplated for the embodiment separated, tie is connected with the winding overhang of armature winding wherein。On the side of commutator, tie is connected with thin slice respectively, wherein mechanically (such as by clamp) or material fit ground (such as by welding) or be otherwise attached。Tie is preferably implemented as fixing or inflexible line, is also contemplated for implementing into fine rule, twisted wire flexibly wherein if desired。
On the side of armature winding, the busbar or the brush plate that are arranged in the outside of brushgear housing by receiving element are arranged to there is radial spacing with tie。In the axial direction, the tie on commutator lateral surface and there is axial intersection between receiving element and/or busbar or brush plate。This is in brushgear housing, realize bigger accommodation volume especially in the axial direction, and thus owing to longer axial length also achieves bigger brush volume, there is positive role in service life and especially allows more substantial starting process by this。
When busbar or brush plate or the receiving element towards armature winding are arranged to intersect at tie in the axial direction and there is radial spacing with tie, it is meet to require。Such as also meet and be required of, be only arranged to intersect in the axial direction tie at the receiving element of the outside of brushgear housing, and be arranged in the busbar at this side place or brush plate is non-intersect。Contrary is also feasible, and busbar or brush plate are arranged to axially intersecting at tie, and relevant receiving element is non-intersect。In another embodiment, not only receiving element and also be arranged in the busbar in this receiving element or brush plate is also disposed to and is axially intersecting at tie。
According to a kind of favourable embodiment, the busbar in the receiving element that brushgear housing is relevant is positioned on the side of armature winding and tie。On the side relatively put in the axial direction, brush plate is contained in other receiving element, and this other receiving element is arranged in the outside of brushgear housing。But being also contemplated for contrary embodiment in principle, wherein at brushgear housing place, brush plate is arranged on the side of armature winding busbar and is arranged on the side of armature winding dorsad。
According to favourable embodiment, the receiving element at brushgear housing place implements into polygon。Polygon includes axial section and radial segment, and they are collectively forming L-shaped and restriction is directed radially towards the accommodation opening for holding busbar or brush plate outside interior or sensing。Advantageously, this polygonal receiving element is positioned at two of the brushgear housing axial end side places relatively put, thus not only busbar but also brush plate also may be housed in receiving element。This embodiment realizes, and is mechanically placed on busbar apart in the axial direction and brush plate by brushgear housing。
Desirably, the accommodation opening in the receiving element on the side of busbar and/or brush plate can so determine size in the axial direction so that holds busbar or brush plate with a gap。
In the storing apparatus of radially outward opening, brushgear housing is radially from inside to outside pulled on busbar or brush。In the storing apparatus of radially-inwardly opening, correspondingly carry out the fixing of brushgear housing with reverse radial direction。For example, it may be advantageous that for holding the storing apparatus of busbar and the storing apparatus for holding brush plate may be configured to opposite direction upper shed diametrically。
According to the embodiment that another is suitable, receiving element is configured to and brushgear housing one。Brushgear housing is made up of electrically insulating material and is such as made up of plastics or sintered material。
According to another favourable embodiment, multilayer electrical brush implemented into by brush, its on the circumferencial direction or direction of rotation of commutator by the layer building that at least two is different。Layer is such as configured to performance layer (Leistungsschicht) and commutation layer, and their resistance can be different；Performance layer has the resistance less than commutation layer aptly。Performance layer is such as located anteriorly along direction of rotation, and the layer that commutates is located behind。Advantageously, all layers of brush can extend in the axial overall length of brush。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Other advantage and suitable embodiment are learnt from other claims, drawings, description and drawings。Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the starting equipment for internal combustion engine, and it has the starter pinion that can be adjusted by starter relay vertically and be rotated driving by electric starter motor,
Fig. 2 shows the longitudinal section of the motor being used for example as electric starter motor, with the diagram of reversing arrangement,
Fig. 3 show in perspectives the connection between brushgear housing (B ü rstenfassung) and the busbar of annular of reversing arrangement；
Fig. 4 shows the motor implemented in modification longitudinal section in reversing arrangement region,
Fig. 5 shows the cross section of multilayer electrical brush。
In the accompanying drawings, identical component is provided with identical accompanying drawing labelling。
Detailed description of the invention
The starting equipment 1 for internal combustion engine that figure 1 illustrates has starter pinion 2, and it is formed with the gear ring 3 of internal combustion engine and engages to start internal combustion engine 4。Starter pinion 2 is bearing on driving axle 5 as four-headed arrow institute labelling axially translatablely, and starter pinion 2 such as relatively non-rotatably couples with driving axle 5 phase via the screw thread that skyrockets (Steilgewinde) wherein。Starter pinion 2 via starter relay 6 the non-working position return and reach and be adjusted between the position that the gear ring 3 of internal combustion engine 4 engages, starter relay 6 is configured to electromagnetic type and includes relay winding 7 and the reciprocating armature 8 that can be energized, and reciprocating armature 8 is pulled in relay winding 7 vertically when relay winding 7 is energized。Reciprocating armature 8 couples with starter pinion 2 phase in kinesiology via engaging bar 9, thus converting the axially adjustable motion between resting position with adjustment position of the reciprocating armature 8 to starter pinion 2 corresponding between non-working position with the position of engagement axially regulate motion。
Producing by means of electric starter motor 11 to be applied to the actuation movement driving the rotation on axle 5 starter pinion 2 or rather, electric starter motor 11 couples with driving axle 5 phase via the driver 12 especially implementing into planetary transmissions。When handling electric starter motor 11, drive axle 5 to be placed in rotation and thus starter pinion 2 is placed in rotation。Starter motor 11 is such as configured to the permanent magnet excitation motor of the permanent magnet at place inside rotor, and has the armature with armature winding being connected with armature spindle, and armature winding is energized via reversing arrangement。
Starting equipment 1 is associated with actuator or controller 10, through being controlled by starter relay 6 and the function of starter motor 11。
In the axially adjustment motion of the reciprocating armature 8 when handling starter relay 6, when arriving adjustment position, by the adjustment campaign of switch element with reciprocating armature 8 being coupled mutually in kinesiology, for starter motor 11 turn-on current, thus starter motor 11 being placed in motion and being rotatably driven driving axle 5 and starter pinion 2。
Starting equipment 1 is provided with the free wheel device provided being configured to roller freewheel 14。Engage bar 9 and be applied on spring element 13, the drivening piece 15 of roller freewheel 14 is applied power by spring element 13 vertically, and the little gear ring of roller freewheel 14 or roller ring 16 are configured to drivening piece 15 combined effect and roller ring 16 and starter pinion 2 one wherein。Roller freewheel 14 makes rotary motion can transmit towards the driving direction of electric starter motor 11。But once after internal combustion engine 4 starts the rotating speed of gear ring 3 too high so that driving direction reverse, by roller freewheel 14, the kinesiology between drivening piece 15 and roller ring 16 is coupled disengagement。
Fig. 2 local display motor 11 longitudinal section in the region of reversing arrangement 25。Motor 11 has armature spindle 23 in case 20, and case 20 forms stator case and closed by diverter bearing cap 21 in side, and armature spindle 23 can be rotated to support in the bearing 22 in bearing cap 21。What be permanently connected with armature spindle 23 is armature 24, and it is the carrier of armature winding, and armature winding is energized via reversing arrangement 25。
Reversing arrangement 25 includes the commutator 26 of rotor-side and wiper mechanism or brush holder 27, wiper mechanism or brush carrier 27 include being arranged in the brush plate 28 with brushgear housing 29 of stator side and brush 30 contained therein。Multiple brushes 30 are arranged in corresponding brushgear housing 29 with being circumferentially distributed, brush that in multiple brushes 30, each two is diametrically put forms the brush pair belonged to together, one brush of brush centering there is anode polarity and relatively and the brush put has negative electrode polarity。Each brush 30 is radially movably received within brushgear housing 29, and is loaded radially towards the direction stress of commutator 26 by the power of the flexible member 31 that is supported in brushgear housing 29。The side being radially positioned inside of brush 30 contacts with the lateral surface of commutator 26, and commutator 26 has multiple thin slice with circumferentially be distributed, its electric separation and being connected via the armature winding of tie 37 with armature 24 respectively each other。At one end, tie 37 is connected via the thin slice of retaining element 38 with commutator 26。At the other end, tie 37 is connected with the winding overhang of armature winding；But such embodiment is also feasible, and tie 37 is formed by the winding overhang of armature winding wherein。Tie 37 on the lateral surface of commutator 26 only extends vertically on the relatively short partial-length of commutator 26。
Circumferentially being distributed ground, multiple permanent magnets 32 are positioned at the inner side place of case 20, the field of permanent magnet 32 and the field interactions of armature winding。
Brushgear housing 29 is provided with polygonal receiving element 35 at it on the outside of armature 24, and it is implemented into and brushgear housing 29 one。Receiving element 35 is implemented L-shaped and has radially towards inside accommodation opening, and the busbar 36 of annular introduces and holds in opening。
On the outside that busbar 36 is presented axially in the relative of brushgear housing 29 with brush plate 28 and puts。Brush plate 28 may be housed in polygonal receiving element。
The relative localization of brushgear housing 29 and size thereof are determined and are implemented into, and the receiving element 35 towards armature 24 is radially positioned the tie 37 outside together with retaining element 38。At (with reference to motor longitudinal axis 34) axially, there is intersection between tie 37 and accommodation space 35, this intersection extends to the region being radially arranged in above tie 37。The outside of busbar 36 terminates at the height of the free end side of about tie 37 in the axial direction。
This embodiment achieves the brushgear housing 29 axially built relative to the earth and corresponding axially big brush 30, and thus brush has volume big accordingly。
Learning from according to the perspective view of Fig. 3, receiving element 35 is configured to surround busbar 36 with brushgear housing 29 one and part。
Embodiment according to Fig. 4 substantially corresponds to the embodiment according to Fig. 2, but has this difference: the receiving element 35 for holding busbar 36 is implemented radially open out。The position of tie 37 and receiving element 35 is intersected in the axial direction。Looking diametrically, receiving element 35 is positioned at the outside of tie 37 together with busbar 36 contained therein。
Not only in fig. 2 and also in the diagram, the outer wall of brushgear housing 29 is located immediately at the front, side of tie 37 in the axial direction, but is arranged to there is axial spacing。
As Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 can learn in conjunction with Fig. 5, brush 30 is configured to double-deck brush and includes two layer 30a and 30b, and it is different from each other about its material character。Two layer 30a and 30b are fixedly secured to one another, and layer 30a is located anteriorly along direction of rotation and is configured to performance layer, and the layer 30b being located behind along direction of rotation forms commutation layer。Correspondingly, when rotated, performance layer 30a is first to the flap contact of commutator 26 and next commutation layer 30b be just and relevant flap contact。Performance layer 30a especially has the resistance less than commutation layer 30b。Two-layer 30a, 30b extend on the identical axial length of brush。
The form of implementation of described brush relates to whole brushes of reversing arrangement。Depend on embodiment, reversing arrangement can exist multiple brushes that number is different, for instance four or six brushes。Brush plate 28 could be sandwiched between the side of case 20 and bearing cap 21。But also it is possible that brush plate to be tightened in case place or bearing cap place。
Additionally, be also contemplated for the electric excitation of motor 11, thus replacing the permanent magnet disposed inboard electricity winding at case 20。If desired, replace and be arranged in motor 11 on the side of bearing cap 21, reversing arrangement be also disposed at axially opposed in motor 11 and on the side put。
Claims (10)
1. one kind is used for motor, it is particularly useful for the reversing arrangement of the starter motor (11) of starting equipment (1), this reversing arrangement has the commutator (26) being connected with armature spindle (23) and the brush (30) with conduction, this brush abuts in the lateral surface place of described commutator (26) and is contained in brushgear housing (29), this brushgear housing has the receiving element (35) for being connected with brush plate (28) and busbar (36) on its outside relatively put, it is characterized in that, described busbar (36) or brush plate (28) or the receiving element (35) for described busbar (36) or brush plate (28) are arranged to the tie (37) with armature winding and there is radial spacing and also intersect with described tie (37) in the axial direction。
2. reversing arrangement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described receiving element (35) at described brushgear housing (29) place is configured to polygon。
3. reversing arrangement according to claim 2, it is characterised in that polygonal receiving element (35) has and is directed radially towards the interior accommodation opening for described busbar (36) or brush plate (28)。
4. reversing arrangement according to claim 2, it is characterised in that polygonal receiving element (35) has the radially outward directed accommodation opening for described busbar (36) or described brush plate (28)。
5. reversing arrangement according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that described receiving element (35) is configured to described brushgear housing (29) integrally。
6. reversing arrangement according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, described receiving element (35) is arranged to intersect with described tie (37) in the axial direction and described busbar (36) or brush plate (28) are connected to described tie (37) in the axial direction。
7. reversing arrangement according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, described busbar (36) be arranged in described brushgear housing (29) on the side of described armature winding and described brush plate (28) be arranged on the side of described dorsad armature winding of described brushgear housing (29)。
8. reversing arrangement according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that described brush (30) is configured to multilayer electrical brush and has the different layers of at least two (30a, 30b)。
9. a motor, has reversing arrangement according to any one of claim 1 to 8 (25)。
10. a starting equipment for internal combustion engine, has the motor as starter motor (11) according to claim 9。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014225514.7A DE102014225514A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2014-12-11 | Commutation device for an electrical machine |
| DE102014225514.7 | 2014-12-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105703519A true CN105703519A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
Family
ID=56082239
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510917165.XA Pending CN105703519A (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2015-12-10 | Commutation apparatus for an electrical machine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105703519A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102014225514A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0556416A1 (en) * | 1992-02-15 | 1993-08-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Commutator motor, especially for driving a washing machine and method of producing the same |
| DE102004039611A1 (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2006-03-09 | Hilti Ag | Electrically operated tool device |
| CN102460909A (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2012-05-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Brush apparatus for an electric machine and electric machine |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2176118A (en) * | 1938-05-20 | 1939-10-17 | Steven S Brinda | Electric motor |
| DE3744488A1 (en) * | 1987-12-30 | 1989-07-20 | Kress Elektrik Gmbh & Co | UNIVERSAL ELECTRIC MOTOR |
| DE202007013137U1 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2009-05-14 | Hoffmann & Co. Elektrokohle Ag | Brushing apparatus of an electric machine |
| DE102010063688A1 (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brush apparatus for an electric machine |
-
2014
- 2014-12-11 DE DE102014225514.7A patent/DE102014225514A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-12-10 CN CN201510917165.XA patent/CN105703519A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0556416A1 (en) * | 1992-02-15 | 1993-08-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Commutator motor, especially for driving a washing machine and method of producing the same |
| DE102004039611A1 (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2006-03-09 | Hilti Ag | Electrically operated tool device |
| CN102460909A (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2012-05-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Brush apparatus for an electric machine and electric machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102014225514A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20180205 Address after: Stuttgart, Germany Applicant after: SEG Automotive Germany Co.,Ltd. Address before: Stuttgart Applicant before: Robert Bosch Ltd. |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160622 |