CN105703503A - Permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure - Google Patents
Permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105703503A CN105703503A CN201410707147.4A CN201410707147A CN105703503A CN 105703503 A CN105703503 A CN 105703503A CN 201410707147 A CN201410707147 A CN 201410707147A CN 105703503 A CN105703503 A CN 105703503A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure. The structure comprises a rotor core, and is characterized in that the rotor core is formed by the lamination of rotor punching sheets, the rotor punching sheets comprise a plurality of symmetrical magnetic poles, the magnetic poles are arranged along the circumference of the rotor in an alternative manner of N poles and S poles, the magnetic poles comprise a plurality of layers of grids, the range of an opening angle alpha formed by the adjacent grids of the adjacent magnetic poles is 10 degrees to 60 degrees, magnetic steel is arranged in a part of the grids, and other parts are unoccupied or provided with non-magnetic-conductive and non-conductive materials such as epoxy resin. According to the structure, the cost is lowered, the processing process is simple, the range of speed regulation of the motor is wide, the saliency ratio is high, and the torque ripple is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of synchronous magnetic resistance motor structure, be specifically related to a kind of permanent magnetism assist type synchronous magnetic resistance motor rotor structure。
Technical background
Current power automobile (include pure electric automobile and hybrid vehicle) used by drive motor, be generally AC induction motor and permagnetic synchronous motor。Though it is AC induction motor simple in construction, reliable, but there is the inherent defect that power density is relatively low, Constant-power speed range is narrower, simultaneously because asynchronous machine rotor has copper loss, rotor heating amount will be conducted to bearing place, the life-span of bearing will be greatly reduced, thus causing that motor bulk life time shortens；Although rotor heating amount is relatively low while that permagnetic synchronous motor efficiency being higher, power density is higher, Constant-power speed range is wider, but general based on permanent-magnet torque, its counter electromotive force is too high in high speed, out of control can damage system, is unfavorable for the control that vehicle high-speed runs。Therefore, research and develop one and drive for electric automobile, there is rotor heating amount while of high efficiency, high power density, wide speed regulating range relatively low, and the motor being absent from back-emf damage system risk is just necessary。
Synchronous magnetic resistance motor has power density height, speed-regulating range width, efficiency is high, the advantages such as volume is little, but owing to needing the performance providing permanent magnet to provide motor performance, so often adopting rare-earth permanent magnet, and rare-earth permanent magnet is non-renewable, expensive, in order to save rare metal resources, alleviate environmental pressure, more in order to improve motor performance, efficiency, the present invention proposes a kind of new permanent magnetism assist type permagnetic synchronous motor and rotor mechanism thereof, the processing of this structure is simple, lower mechanical strength is high at a high speed, counter electromotive force is low, and salient pole is than big, torque ripple is little。
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for overcoming deficiency of the prior art, a kind of new permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor and rotor structure thereof are proposed, solve the inherent shortcoming of existing permagnetic synchronous motor and AC induction motor, and compare existing synchronous magnetic resistance motor, processing technique is simple, salient pole ratio is big, torque ripple is little。
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that
A kind of permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure, including rotor core, described rotor core is overrided to form by rotor punching, described rotor punching includes the magnetic pole of several symmetries, described magnetic pole is extremely alternately arranged along described rotor circumference N pole and S, described magnetic pole includes multilamellar grid, and the subtended angle α that described each adjacent pole adjacent cells is formed ranges for: 10 °～60 °。
Between described each adjacent pole, the relation between minimum spacing A and rotor polar distance T is: T/14≤A≤T/6。
Between described adjacent gate compartment, the relation between spacing H and rotor polar distance T is: T/16≤H≤T/8。
Described grid layer includes 3～4 grids。
In described each grid layer, between adjacent cells, between spacing W and described stator, rotor, the relation of air gap delta is: δ/3≤W≤3 δ。
In described magnetic pole grid, part places magnet steel, and remainder is vacant。
In described magnetic pole grid, a part places magnet steel, and remainder places epoxy resin。
Described magnet steel is Nd-Fe-B magnet steel。
Described stator winding is distributed winding。
A kind of hybrid electric drive system, including electromotor, change speed gear box, motor, described electromotor, change speed gear box, motor are linked in sequence, and described motor is any one above-mentioned permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor。
Compared with existing synchronous magnetic resistance motor, the present invention has remarkable advantage and beneficial effect, is embodied as:
1, use the permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure of the present invention, adopt part to place the design of magnet steel, reduce the consumption that makes of magnet steel, save cost；
2, use the permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure of the present invention, devise the position of grid and the distribution of magnet steel, further increase utilization rate and the electric efficiency of reluctance torque；
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 be in permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure of the present invention the grid number of plies and salient pole than and the relation schematic diagram of torque；
Fig. 3 be in permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure of the present invention same layer grid number and salient pole than and the relation schematic diagram of torque；
Fig. 4 be in permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure of the present invention between adjacent pole grid angle and salient pole than and the relation schematic diagram of torque；
Fig. 5 be in permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure of the present invention between adjacent pole minimum spacing and salient pole than and the relation schematic diagram of torque；
Fig. 6 be in permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure of the present invention adjacent two layers grid distance and salient pole than and the relation schematic diagram of torque；
Fig. 7 is the relation schematic diagram of the spacing of same grid layer adjacent cells and maximum speed lower rotor part shear stress and torque in permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the relation schematic diagram of magnet steel filling rate and non-loaded line back-emf in permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure the second embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure the 3rd embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure the 4th embodiment of the present invention。
Detailed description of the invention
Specific embodiment of the invention method is as follows:
Existing permagnetic synchronous motor sets the expensive rare earth permanent-magnetic material that uses more, and owing to the counter electromotive force of permanent magnet distribution generation is bigger；Although synchronous magnetic resistance motor can provide less counter electromotive force, but owing to its rotor does not use permanent magnet, therefore when motor size is identical, the power density of synchronous magnetic resistance motor is much smaller。
Permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor provided by the invention has multiple permanent magnet trough group, and often group permanent magnet trough includes multilamellar grid。What is called " grid " refers to the channel-shaped arranged in rotor core or runs through the structure of rotor core vertically herein, is similar to the magnetic pole groove of permagnetic synchronous motor, but can fill in this grid or be not filled with permanent magnet material。Fig. 1 is synchronous magnetic resistance motor rotor structural representation in first embodiment of the invention, rotor core is overrided to form by rotor punching, rotor punching is made up of six symmetrical magnetic poles, each magnetic pole is made up of multilamellar grid, show that the grid number of plies of each magnetic pole is on the impact of motor output torque and motor salient pole ratio as shown in Figure 2 through substantial amounts of test and emulation。So-called " salient pole ratio " ratio referring to motor quadrature axis inductance and d-axis inductance herein。The present embodiment selects 3 layers of lattice structure, every layer of grid is made up of some linear grids, in structure shown in Fig. 1, every layer of grid is set to more than 2 grids, all grids have identical width, there is between adjacent two layers grid identical spacing H, and there is between every layer of grid adjacent cells identical interval W, and it being made up of along outer circle of motor rotor radius ecto-entad ground floor grid sets two grids, two grids are a linear array；When rotor size allows, ground floor grid can be made up of more than two grid, and each grid is not necessarily arranged in a linear。The second layer inside by ground floor grid sets and n-th layer grid sets are made up of the grid of more than 2 respectively, form mutually the angle less than 180 degree between each two grid。In the present embodiment, second layer grid sets and third layer grid sets are made up of three grids respectively, and the grid of each layer of grid sets constitutes U-shaped arrangement to rotor outer。When technique allows, each layer of grid sets can include 3 even more than grid, and grid is not limited to identical length。For the drive motor that automotive field uses, the grid number of plies of each magnetic pole is on the impact of motor output torque and motor salient pole ratio as shown in Figure 2, and the grid number of every layer of grid for motor output torque and motor salient pole ratio impact as shown in Figure 3, therefore, it is in motor output torque and the consideration of motor salient pole ratio, more preferably selects 3～4 layers of grid, every layer of grid comprises 3～4 grids, opposing arcuate structure simultaneously, this structure processing technique is simpler, it is easy to operation。
The size of the angle [alpha] that adjacent pole grid extended line is formed directly influences the distance between distance and the magnetic pole of rotor magnetic pole and rotor center, thus having influence on the performance of motor, such as motor salient pole ratio and output torque, when angle [alpha] excessive (as more than 60 °), can cause that magnetic pole grid layer becomes big with the spacing of rotor center, thus causing that q axle inductance declines, then motor output torque is made to decline, and when angle [alpha] too small (as more than 10 °), spacing between magnetic pole is too small, easily cause magnetic saturation, thus reducing motor output torque, the angle [alpha] correspondence motor salient pole ratio of adjacent pole adjacent cells extended line formation and the result of the test of output torque are as shown in Figure 4, can be shown that α should choose 10 °～60 ° by data in figure, optimal choice is 20 °～40 °, then can ensure that salient pole ratio and the optimal effectiveness of output torque。With the use of distributed stator winding, the motor stator of described distributed winding does not have convex pole to slap, each magnetic pole is formed coil groups by one or several coil according to certain rule setting-in wiring, forms the magnetic pole of opposed polarity after energising, and the fluctuation ensure that reluctance torque is little。
Further, test data shows that the ratio of minimum spacing A and the rotor polar distance T under same magnetic steel bar part between adjacent two magnetic poles has considerable influence for the salient pole ratio of motor and output torque, for making interpolar width A increase magnetic flux and prevent magnetic saturation phenomenon, and grid is moved to the direction of rotor outer periphery, but this will cause that magnet steel is away from internal rotor, thus reducing q axle inductance, therefore interpolar width A can not be excessive。As shown in Figure 5, can be obtained by test data in figure, when A is in T/14～T/6, inductance will not occur being decreased obviously because of saturated between permanent magnet pole, without because too close to the excircle of rotor, the magnet steel in rotor occurs that q axle inductance declines rapidly, therefore, choosing distance between two poles A is T/14～T/6, it is most preferred that select T/10～T/8。The magnetic linkage of motor and the difference of d axle inductance and q axle inductance is increased in the consumption situation not increasing stator copper, thus increasing salient pole ratio and the output torque of motor, this is highly beneficial for the efficiency of the copper loss of reduction motor, raising motor, so that the result of salient pole ratio and output torque reaches optimum, also can control leakage field a less value that can accept。
Design in conjunction with rotor multilamellar magnet structure, the q axle inductance that can make synchronous magnetic resistance motor increases rapidly, increase the difference in inductance of q axle and d axle as far as possible, improve the utilization rate of magnetic resistance of motor torque further, for this purpose, the present invention designs and passes through the ratio emulating spacing H and the rotor polar distance T drawn between each magnetic pole adjacent gate compartment impact for motor salient pole ratio and output torque, " rotor polar distance " described herein T=π * D1/ (2p), wherein D1 is diameter of stator bore, and p is number of pole-pairs。The ratio corresponding motor salient pole ratio of the spacing H between adjacent gate compartment and rotor polar distance T and the concrete test data of output torque are as shown in Figure 6, can be shown that between each grid layer, the ratio selection range of spacing H and rotor polar distance T is T/16～T/8 by data in figure, it is most preferred that take T/12～T/10。
In addition, in each grid layer, mechanical strength and the leakage field of motor are controlled also to have a significant impact by the spacing W between grid, the shear stress of stalloy is usually no more than 270Mpa, once exceed, material very likely ruptures, the internal force that described shear stress is in the cross section certain point unit are investigated is called stress, with cross section tangent be called shear stress or shear stress。The air gap delta of motor=(D1-D2)/2, wherein D1 is diameter of stator bore, D2 is rotor diameter, in each grid layer grid distance W corresponding to output torque and rotor maximum speed down cut stress test data as shown in Figure 7, each layer grid distance W can be obtained by data in figure and should choose δ/3～3 δ, for the embodiment of the present invention 1, preferred W is δ～2 δ, so can improve the mechanical strength of rotor, ensure centrifugal stress when it can bear high-speed rotation, also can control leakage field a less value that can accept。
The present embodiment adopt Nd-Fe-B magnet steel and non-magnetic non-conductive material with the use of, Nd-Fe-B magnet steel is placed in the second layer interlude with third layer grid, and other portion is vacant or places the non-magnetic non-conducting materials such as epoxy resin, what greatly reduce Nd-Fe-B magnet steel makes consumption, save material, alleviate weight, simultaneously because whole magnetic circuit only employs part magnet steel。And how to choose magnet steel loading and motor performance is also had a significant impact, the test data of magnet steel filling rate correspondence non-loaded line back-emf is as shown in Figure 8, wherein magnet steel filling rate is defined as magnet steel overall width/grid groove overall width, and non-loaded line back-emf is defined as under rated speed non-loaded line back-emf。The maximum speed of usual driving motor for electric automobile is generally 2～3 times of rated speed, if ensureing to roll off the production line back-emf less than supply voltage the most at a high speed, then the non-loaded line back-emf peak value/supply voltage under rated speed is 0.33～0.5, preferred magnet steel filling rate is 10%～50%, optimal choice 20%～40%, thus can make the advantage that motor performance takes into account magneto and asynchronous machine, the shortcoming that simultaneously can as far as possible avoid magneto and asynchronous machine again, both can guarantee that this motor was higher than asynchronous machine efficiency, speed-regulating range width, also can guarantee that the counter electromotive force under it is at a high speed is little, not over supply voltage, guarantee the normal operation of motor。
The magnetic structure that the permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor of the present invention adopts, its reluctance torque accounts for the ratio of total torque about 70%, permanent-magnet torque accounts for the ratio of total torque about 30%, about its efficiency 4 points higher than the asynchronous machine efficiency of same grade, speed adjustable range can from rated speed to 2 times rated speed, and its peak power can remain unchanged。
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor the second embodiment of the present invention, in the present embodiment magnet steel be only filled with from rotor center nearest one layer。
Figure 10 is the structural representation of permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, and one layer of grid layer that in the present embodiment, distance rotor center is farthest is three-stage structure。
Figure 11 is the structural representation of permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor the 4th embodiment of the present invention, one layer of grid layer that in the present embodiment, distance rotor center is farthest is three-stage structure and magnet steel be only filled with from rotor center nearest one layer。
For the one exemplary embodiment for the present invention; be understood as the present invention claims protection domain in a certain demonstrative example therein; there is the directiveness that those skilled in the art realize corresponding technical scheme act on, but not limitation of the invention。
Claims (10)
1. a permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure, including rotor core, it is characterized in that: described rotor core is overrided to form by rotor punching, described rotor punching includes the magnetic pole of several symmetries, described magnetic pole is extremely alternately arranged along described rotor circumference N pole and S, described magnetic pole includes 3～4 layers of grid, and the subtended angle α that described each adjacent pole adjacent cells is formed ranges for: 10 °～60 °。
2. permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: between described each adjacent pole, the relation between minimum spacing A and rotor polar distance T is: T/14≤A≤T/6。
3. permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: between described adjacent gate compartment, the relation between spacing H and rotor polar distance T is: T/16≤H≤T/8。
4. permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described grid layer includes 3～4 grids。
5. permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in described each grid layer, between adjacent cells, between spacing W and described stator, rotor, the relation of air gap delta is: δ/3≤W≤3 δ。
6. permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in described magnetic pole grid, part places magnet steel, and remainder is vacant。
7. permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in described magnetic pole grid, a part places magnet steel, and remainder places epoxy resin。
8. the permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure according to claim 6 or claim 7, it is characterised in that: described magnet steel is Nd-Fe-B magnet steel。
9. permanent magnetism assist in synchronization magnetic resistance motor rotor structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described stator winding is distributed winding。
10. a hybrid electric drive system, including electromotor, change speed gear box, motor, described electromotor, change speed gear box, motor are linked in sequence, it is characterised in that: described motor is any one permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor described in claim 1-9。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410707147.4A CN105703503A (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410707147.4A CN105703503A (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure |
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| CN105703503A true CN105703503A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| CN201410707147.4A Pending CN105703503A (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105958692A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-09-21 | 东南大学 | Permanent magnet reluctance synchronous motor rotor structure having high torque density |
| CN107979197A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-01 | 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 | One kind uses asymmetrical rotor punching permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor |
-
2014
- 2014-11-27 CN CN201410707147.4A patent/CN105703503A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105958692A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-09-21 | 东南大学 | Permanent magnet reluctance synchronous motor rotor structure having high torque density |
| CN105958692B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-02-13 | 东南大学 | A kind of high torque density permanent-magnet magnetic resistance synchronous motor rotor structure |
| CN107979197A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-01 | 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 | One kind uses asymmetrical rotor punching permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor |
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Application publication date: 20160622 |
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