CN104638863B - A kind of permagnetic synchronous motor - Google Patents
A kind of permagnetic synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104638863B CN104638863B CN201510034358.0A CN201510034358A CN104638863B CN 104638863 B CN104638863 B CN 104638863B CN 201510034358 A CN201510034358 A CN 201510034358A CN 104638863 B CN104638863 B CN 104638863B
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- magnetic groove
- steel group
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- magnet
- rotor core
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of permagnetic synchronous motor, including rotor and the stator being arranged at outside described rotor, described rotor includes rotor core, described rotor core is provided with magnetic groove, described magnetic groove is embedded with magnet steel group, it is characterized in that: described magnetic groove is uniformly arranged on the circumferencial direction of described rotor core, described magnetic groove includes the first magnetic groove and the second magnetic groove, described second magnetic groove is compared to the described first magnetic groove circumferential edges closer to described rotor core, the quantity of described first magnetic groove is the half of described second magnetic groove quantity, described first magnetic groove is staggered with described second magnetic groove corresponding, and be arranged between described second magnetic groove and the rotating shaft of described rotor core corresponding with described first magnetic groove；It is provided with outer steel group in described second magnetic groove, in described first magnetic groove, is provided with interior magnet steel group.The particular/special requirement of drive motor is proposed by the motor of the present invention in the dynamical system of current electric vehicle, the advantage that this motor has high power density, wide speed regulating range and low universal cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor, particularly relate to a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor.
Background technology
In order to save the energy, reducing carbon emission, the mixed motor-car type of electricity electronic, oily gets more and more, and these vehicles adopt permagnetic synchronous motor scheme mostly, and the output moment of torsion of permagnetic synchronous motor is proportional to operating current and the back emf coefficient of motor.Permagnetic synchronous motor needs to adopt special controller just can continuously run, when permagnetic synchronous motor has wide speed regulating range service requirement, being commonly encountered controller current drive capability deficiency in engineering or device proof voltage ability is inadequate, particularly unloaded back-emf voltage during motor maximum speed is inadequate.In order to take into account wide speed range and the power performance of motor, this kind of motor adopts Interior permanent magnet rotor structure mostly, embedded magnetic steel rotor motor quadrature axis inductance is relied on to produce salient pole reluctance torque more than the feature of d-axis inductance, it is achieved the output moment of torsion of motor is more than the product of electric current and back emf coefficient.
But this motor application is in automobile industry, and peak torque and speed adjustable range to motor require more and more higher, and simultaneously that the requirement of motor volume miniaturization is more and more higher, current permagnetic synchronous motor cannot meet requirement well.One of main composition material of permagnetic synchronous motor rare earth magnetic steel resource-constrained, relatively costly simultaneously.
A kind of rotor of the patent disclosure of publication number CN104011974, it is possible to play and increase reluctance torque thus realizing the effect of high output.It is apparent that this motor is not made to consider on volume, cost, power density still has room for promotion simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves prior art problem, it is provided that a kind of to have more power density, more wide speed regulating range simultaneously with low cost for permagnetic synchronous motor.
The technical scheme is that a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor, including rotor and the stator being arranged at outside described rotor, described rotor includes rotor core, described rotor core is provided with magnetic groove, described magnetic groove is embedded with magnet steel group, it is characterized in that: described magnetic groove is uniformly arranged on the circumferencial direction of described rotor core, described magnetic groove includes the first magnetic groove and the second magnetic groove, described second magnetic groove is compared to the described first magnetic groove circumferential edges closer to described rotor core, the quantity of described first magnetic groove is the half of described second magnetic groove quantity, described first magnetic groove is staggered with described second magnetic groove corresponding, and be arranged between described second magnetic groove and the rotating shaft of described rotor core corresponding with described first magnetic groove；It is provided with outer steel group in described second magnetic groove, in described first magnetic groove, is provided with interior magnet steel group.
As preferably, it is the outer magnet of rectangle that described outer steel group includes a cross section, and described outer magnet is arranged along described rotor core cross-sectional circumferential chord line.
As preferably, described outer steel group includes the outer magnet of " V " font that cross section is outward opening, and the angle of described outer magnet is obtuse angle.As preferably,: the cross section of described first magnetic groove is that opening points to " V " font of described rotor core cross-sectional circumferential, "U" shaped or " W " font, the angle that two sides of described first magnetic groove are formed is acute angle, and this first magnetic groove and described rotor core cross-sectional circumferential are around the described second magnetic groove corresponding with described first magnetic groove.As preferably, described interior magnet steel group can be the inner magnet of 2 pieces of rectangles, is respectively arranged at 2 sides of " V " font；The inner magnet of 3 pieces of rectangles, is respectively arranged at 2 sides of "U" shaped and 1 base；The inner magnet of 4 pieces of rectangles, be respectively arranged in 4 side these three situations of " W " font any one.
As preferably, the pole orientation of described outer steel group is radially arranged along described rotor core.
As preferably, the described interior magnet steel group magnetic pole near described outer steel group one end corresponding from this interior magnet steel group is different with the described outer steel group magnetic pole near described rotor core rotating shaft one end.
As preferably, described outer steel group is made up of rare earth magnetic steel material；Described interior magnet steel group is made up of ferrite magnetic Steel material or rare earth magnetic steel material.
As preferably, described interior magnet steel group and described outer steel group are made up of inner magnet and outer magnet respectively, and described inner magnet and described outer magnet are permanent magnet, and the thickness of described inner magnet is less than the thickness of described outer magnet.
Magnet conventional structure on the rotor of permagnetic synchronous motor has three kinds, external labeling type, lining type and embedded.Wherein, external labeling type have easily manufactured, rotator inertia is little, advantages of simple structure and simple, but power density is not high, and magnetic utilization rate is relatively low；Lining type, compared to external labeling type, takes full advantage of unique reluctance torque that the unsymmetry of magnetic linkage structure generates, it is possible to improve the runnability of motor very well, the power density of lifting motor, but its shortcoming is also very prominent, and relatively costly, magnetic leakage factor is bigger；Its magnet arrangement of embedded structure is in the inside of rotor, and structure is complex, but advantage is the magnetic flux density having higher air gap, therefore can produce bigger torque.The rotor of this motor adopts embedded magnetic steel structure, and this motor adopts the magnet of two groups of different sizes simultaneously.In the rotor of the patent that background technology is mentioned, the magnet of two groups of different sizes adopts simple stepped construction, and therefore its effect just corresponds to the simple reinforcement of one group of magnet.
Two groups of magnet steel group structures of this motor, creatively have employed staggered being correspondingly arranged, namely the quantity of outer steel group is the twice of interior magnet steel group, and outer steel group is uniformly distributed along rotor circumference, at interval of arranging an interior magnet steel group between outer steel group and the rotating shaft of one, form staggered correspondence.Staggered corresponding outer steel group and interior magnet steel group, can make the magnetic line of force alternately through one layer or two-layer magnet steel group, and this structure can effectively control back emf coefficient, and the output moment of torsion of permagnetic synchronous motor is inversely proportional to back emf coefficient.Interior magnet steel group forms a semi-surrounding structure on cross section, is formed together with rotor outer circle and entirely surrounds structure, in outer steel group being wrapped in.The magnetic pole of all outer steel groups is same pole and points to rotor outer circle, namely it is radially arranged, the magnetic pole of interior magnet steel group is, the magnetic pole inner from outer magnetic pole near the magnetic pole that outer magnetic pole is inner is different, namely when one end that all outer steel groups point to rotor outer circle is N pole, it is S pole that outer steel group points to one end of rotor shaft, and interior magnet steel group is N pole near one end of outer steel group；Otherwise, when one end that outer steel group points to rotor outer circle is S pole, interior magnet steel group is S pole near one end of outer steel group so that outer steel group and interior magnet steel group form the series connection of a magnetic line of force.
Why this motor adopts magnet steel group rather than simple single magnet, and being because magnet steel group can have several magnets to constitute, it is possible to be made up of 1 magnet.Wherein, outer steel group can be made up of 1 or 2 magnets, and when adopting 1 magnet, this magnet cross section is rectangle, and the cross-sectional periphery tangential direction along rotor is arranged；When adopting 2 magnets, the cross section of each magnet is the rectangle that shape area is identical, and being spliced into an outward opening angle is obtuse angle and " V " font being uniformly arranged, and the angle at this obtuse angle is relatively big, is comparatively close to 180 degree.Interior magnet steel group can be made up of 2,3 or 4 magnets, and when adopting 2 magnets, these 2 magnets form " V " font that angle is acute angle between outer magnet both sides and two sides, and 2 magnets are respectively arranged at two sides of " V "；When adopting 3 magnets, forming a "U" shaped that angle is acute angle surrounded between outer magnet and two sides, 3 magnets are respectively arranged at two sides and the base of " U "；In like manner can obtain, when adopting 4 magnets, form " W " shape that angle is acute angle between two sides.
During the work of this motor, outer steel group can collect the magnetic flux that interior magnet steel group produces so that the magnetic flux of interior magnet steel group effectively collects, and when interior magnet steel group adopts 3 magnets, the empty load of motor magnetic of outer steel group is close exceedes its remanent magnetism so that motor possesses higher power density.In simultaneously, the polar arc at magnet steel group place avoids the armature magnetic line of force and gets around the effect of same magnetic level, namely the d-axis flux paths of armature is effectively blocked, result in less d-axis inductance, the magnetic cross flux of armature can pass through by the rotor punching between outer steel group outside rotors punching and outer steel group and the interior magnet steel group of same magnetic level simultaneously, more unimpeded and more effective compared to conventional built-in magnetic structure flux paths, define larger value of quadrature axis inductance.
The interior magnet steel group of this motor adopts the magnet of thinner thickness, it is possible to adopt ferrimagnetic Steel material.Wherein reduce thickness, the most direct effect reduces cost exactly, secondly, the magnet thickness of interior magnet steel group reduces, and can effectively reduce the volume that interior magnet steel group takies, under same performance, effectively reduce the volume of motor, and on the rotor of same volume, the interior magnet steel group of the small size of more multi-pole can be arranged, more high pulling torque can be provided in the motor of same volume, or under same torque, may be designed to the motor of smaller volume.Accounting for the inner magnet of more than half permanent magnet quantity in rotor and can adopt honest and clean, ferrite magnetic Steel material that resource is more rich lower in cost, be only capable of adopting the motor of rare earth magnetic steel material to compare compared to routine, cost can be effectively controlled.
In sum, the particular/special requirement of drive motor is proposed by the motor of the present invention in the dynamical system of current electric vehicle, the advantage that this motor has high power density, wide speed regulating range and low universal cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention one structural representation；
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention two structural representation；
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention three structural representation；
Fig. 4 is the zero load magnetic line of force of the present invention and poly-magnetic design sketch.
In figure, 1, stator, 2, rotor, 3, outer magnetic groove, 4, interior magnetic groove, 5, outer steel group, 6, interior magnet steel group, 7, rotating shaft.
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below.
Embodiment one:
A kind of permagnetic synchronous motor, as shown in Figure 1, including rotor 2 and the stator 1 being arranged in rotor 2, rotor 2 includes the rotor core as support member, rotor core is carved with some magnetic grooves, magnetic groove is embedded with magnet steel group, magnetic groove is uniformly arranged on the circumference of rotor core cross section, magnetic groove includes the first magnetic groove 4 and the second magnetic groove 3, second magnetic groove 3 is near the circumferential edges of rotor core cross section, the quantity of the first magnetic groove 4 is the half of the second magnetic groove 3 quantity, first magnetic groove 4 is staggered corresponding with the second magnetic groove 3 and is arranged between corresponding second magnetic groove 3 and the rotating shaft 7 of rotor core.
Being provided with outer steel group 5 in second magnetic groove 3, outer steel group 5 includes the outer magnet that a cross section is rectangle, and outer magnet is arranged along rotor core cross-sectional circumferential chord line, and the pole orientation of outer steel group 5 is radially arranged along rotor core.The permanent magnet that outer steel group 5 is made up of rare earth magnetic steel material.
Interior magnet steel group 6 it is provided with in first magnetic groove 4, the cross section of the first magnetic groove 4 is " V " font that opening points to rotor core cross-sectional circumferential, the angle of the first magnetic groove 4 is acute angle, interior magnet steel group 6 includes the inner magnet of 2 pieces of rectangles, it is respectively arranged at 2 sides of " V " font, this the first magnetic groove 4 and rotor core cross-sectional circumferential form an encirclement, around the second magnetic groove 3 corresponding with this first magnetic groove 4.The pole orientation of interior magnet steel group 6 is arranged along rotor core circumferencial direction；The interior magnet steel group 6 magnetic pole near outer steel group 5 one end corresponding from this interior magnet steel group 6 is different with the outer steel group 5 magnetic pole near rotor core rotating shaft 7 one end.The permanent magnet that interior magnet steel group 6 is made up of ferrite magnetic Steel material or rare earth magnetic steel material.
The thickness of inner magnet is less than the thickness of outer magnet.
During this empty load of motor, by analogue simulation, this rotor magnetic line of force and poly-magnetic design sketch can be obtained as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment two:
Being different in that with embodiment one, as in figure 2 it is shown, outer steel group 5 includes the outer magnet of " V " font that a cross section is outward opening, the angle of outer magnet is obtuse angle.
The cross section of the first magnetic groove 4 is the "U" shaped that opening points to rotor core cross-sectional circumferential, and interior magnet steel group 6 includes 3 pieces of inner magnets, is respectively arranged at 2 sides of "U" shaped and 1 base.
Embodiment three:
It is different in that with embodiment one, as shown in Figure 3, the cross section of the first magnetic groove 4 is " W " font that opening points to rotor core cross-sectional circumferential, and interior magnet steel group 6 includes the inner magnet of 4 pieces of rectangles, and the inner magnet of 4 pieces of rectangles is respectively arranged at 4 sides of " W " font.
Claims (9)
1. a permagnetic synchronous motor, including rotor (2) be arranged at described rotor (2) stator (1) outward, described rotor (2) includes rotor core, described rotor core is provided with magnetic groove, described magnetic groove is embedded with magnet steel group, it is characterized in that: described magnetic groove is uniformly arranged on the circumferencial direction of described rotor core, described magnetic groove includes the first magnetic groove (4) and the second magnetic groove (3), described second magnetic groove (3) is compared to the described first magnetic groove (4) circumferential edges closer to described rotor core, the quantity of described first magnetic groove (4) is the half of described second magnetic groove (3) quantity, described first magnetic groove (4) is staggered with described second magnetic groove (3) corresponding, and be arranged between described second magnetic groove (3) and the rotating shaft (7) of described rotor core corresponding with described first magnetic groove (4)；It is provided with outer steel group (5) in described second magnetic groove (3), in described first magnetic groove (4), is provided with interior magnet steel group (6).
2. permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is the outer magnet of rectangle that described outer steel group (5) includes a cross section, and described outer magnet is arranged along described rotor core cross-sectional circumferential chord line.
3. permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described outer steel group (5) includes the outer magnet of " V " font that cross section is outward opening, and the angle of described outer magnet is obtuse angle.
4. permagnetic synchronous motor according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the cross section of described first magnetic groove (4) is that opening points to " V " font of described rotor core cross-sectional circumferential, "U" shaped or " W " font, the angle that (4) two sides of described first magnetic groove are formed is acute angle, and this first magnetic groove (4) and described rotor core cross-sectional circumferential are around the described second magnetic groove (3) corresponding with described first magnetic groove (4).
5. permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described interior magnet steel group (6) is the inner magnet of 2 pieces of rectangles, is respectively arranged at 2 sides of " V " font；Or the inner magnet that described interior magnet steel group (6) is 3 pieces of rectangles, is respectively arranged at 2 sides of "U" shaped and 1 base；Or the inner magnet that described interior magnet steel group (6) is 4 pieces of rectangles, is respectively arranged at 4 sides of " W " font.
6. permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the pole orientation of described outer steel group (5) is radially arranged along described rotor core.
7. permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the described interior magnet steel group (6) magnetic pole near described outer steel group (5) one end corresponding from this interior magnet steel group (6) is different with the described outer steel group (5) magnetic pole near described rotor core rotating shaft (7) one end.
8. permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described outer steel group (5) is made up of rare earth magnetic steel material；Described interior magnet steel group (6) is made up of ferrite magnetic Steel material or rare earth magnetic steel material.
9. permagnetic synchronous motor according to claim 1 or 8, it is characterized in that: described interior magnet steel group (6) and described outer steel group (5) are made up of inner magnet and outer magnet respectively, described inner magnet and described outer magnet are permanent magnet, and the thickness of described inner magnet is less than the thickness of described outer magnet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510034358.0A CN104638863B (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | A kind of permagnetic synchronous motor |
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| CN201510034358.0A CN104638863B (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | A kind of permagnetic synchronous motor |
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| CN104638863A CN104638863A (en) | 2015-05-20 |
| CN104638863B true CN104638863B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
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