CN105699818A - Error measurement apparatus and measurement method for current transformer - Google Patents
Error measurement apparatus and measurement method for current transformer Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating
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Abstract
The invention provides an error measurement apparatus and measurement method for a current transformer. The apparatus is composed of a power generator (1), a reference standard device (2) and an error tester (3). The power generator (1) generates a heavy alternating current-direct current synthesis signal or a sinusoidal half-wave signal and applies the generated signal to a tested current transformer (4) and the reference standard device (2); the reference standard device (2) can convert alternating-current and direct-current components in tested heavy current signals into small-current or small-voltage signals accurately, and the small-current or small-voltage signals are used as reference signals and are inputted into the error tester (3); and the error tester (3) carries out synchronous sampling, conversion, and calculation on a reference signal outputted by the reference standard device (2) and a tested signal outputted by the tested current transformer (4) to obtain a measurement result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical measurement field, particularly relate to a kind of current transformer error measurement apparatus and measuring method。
Background technology
Current transformer is power generation and the key equipment of electric energy metrical, protection。In power production process, the link such as generating, power transformation uses substantial amounts of current transformer to carry out measurement and the safeguard protection of high-voltage great-current electric energy。If primary current exists DC component in electrical network, the iron core of the current transformer in electric power meter will be magnetized, and magnetizing current is more big, and remanent magnetism is more big。In non-demagnetization situation, remanent magnetism can be always maintained at the process that next time magnetizes。The impact of current transformer error can be reflected by remanent magnetism on magnetizing current magnetization curve。For standard silicon steel disc and iron-nickel alloy sample, weak remanent magnetism makes transformer error change to positive direction mostly, and strong remanent magnetism necessarily makes transformer error change to negative direction。
Owing to following reason makes electrical network produce DC component: the earth magnetism electric current that (1) solar windstorm causes。The change in earth's magnetic field is by Evoked ptential gradient at the earth's surface, the area that ground conductivity is less, low frequency and the electric field action that continues for some time are when the power transformer of transmission system neutral ground, the electric potential gradient on earth's surface will bring out, at its winding, the geomagnetic induction current (GIC) that frequency is 0.0001Hz～0.01Hz, with the AC system of 50Hz ratio, approximate direct current can be regarded as。(2) direct current transportation one pole ground return circuit runs direct current in the ground produced。China has put into operation a plurality of 500kV, 800kV HVDC transmission line。Under the single-stage ground return circuit method of operation or bipolar off-center operation mode, as the running current that electric current is DC transmission system that the earth in direct current transportation loop circulates, around current conversion station, surface potential in certain area, can be produced, make periphery neutral grounded transformer produce DC component in neutral point。(3) DC component that asymmetric load produces。AC network exists the load of voltage-current relationship curve asymmetric。As phased AC load, phase controlled rectifier, unicast commutator, line turnaround inverter all can produce DC component。Additionally, in controlling asymmetric DC transmission system and some frequency convertor system, Transformer Winding all contains DC component。
General by mutual-inductor tester measurement current transform er error。General mutual-inductor tester adopts differential balance comparison principle, and the advantage of this tester is that accuracy is high, and its resolving power is up to 1 × 10-8, can be used for verifying 0.0001 grade and following transformer, weak point is that this tester needs to regulate manually, and zero-detection balance difficulties uses inconvenience。Another kind of conventional mutual-inductor tester adopts microcomputer technology and non-equilibrium differential principle, measure differential wave and the standard mutual inductor secondary circuit working signal of transformer secondary circuit and standard mutual inductor secondary circuit, and calculate the error of transformer according to error defined formula。Although the more traditional electrician's formula tester of the work efficiency of the latter increases, but circuit is complicated, debugging difficulty big, and when differential wave is less, accuracy of measurement and stability are not good, poor repeatability, and is normally only applicable to the transformer of inspection less than 0.01 grade。
Existing mutual-inductor tester is only calibrated under 50/60Hz and is traced to the source, it is limited by its components and parts and operation principle restriction, all can not work when harmonic wave or DC component are higher, error characteristics when being not used to measurement current transform er by direct current and harmonic effects, it is therefore desirable to a kind of novel measurement apparatus and measuring method are provided。
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of current transformer error measurement apparatus and measuring method, using alternating current-direct current superposed signal or AC half wave signals as test condition, adopt accurate diverter or Zero flux sensor as reference standard, the secondary singal of application data acquisition technique and the direct measurement current transform er of Digital Signal Processing, calculate its virtual value error, fundamental voltage amplitude error, fundamental phase error, as the Appreciation gist evaluating current transformer harmonic wave and anti-DC performance。
A kind of current transformer error measurement apparatus, including power source generator (1), reference standard (2) and error testing instrument (3)；Described power source generator (1) is connected with reference standard (2) and tested transformer (4) respectively, described error testing instrument (3) is connected with reference standard (2), and it is provided with the link being connected with tested transformer (4), described reference standard (2) is provided with the link being connected with tested transformer (4), and described measurement apparatus adopts alternating current-direct current composite signal or half-sinusoid signal both of which。
When described measurement apparatus adopts alternating current-direct current composite signal pattern, described power source generator (1) includes ac current source (5) and DC current source (6), described ac current source (5) includes pressure regulator and current lifting device, one end of described current lifting device is connected with the electric capacity C being sequentially connected with, inductance L, DC current source (6), and the other end of described current lifting device is connected with the other end of described DC current source (6)。
When described device adopts half-sinusoid signal mode, described power source generator (1) includes ac current source (5) and commutation diode, described ac current source (5) includes pressure regulator and current lifting device, one end of described current lifting device is connected with the negative electrode of the anode of the first diode and the second diode after being connected with resistance R respectively, the other end of described current lifting device and resistance RBOne end connect, described resistance RBThe other end and the second diode anode connect。
Described reference standard (2) adopts the accurate AC/DC universal measurement device such as diverter, Zero flux sensor, its direct current, exchange amplitude error less than 0.05%, industrial frequency AC phase error is less than 2 points。
Described error testing instrument (3) includes sampling resistor, double channel data acquisition card and data processing module。
Described sampling resistor rated current is 1A or 5A, and error, less than 0.01%, converts current signal to voltage signal。
The resolution of described double channel data acquisition card is not less than 24bit, and reference signal and measured signal are carried out synchronized sampling。
Described data processing module carries out Fourier transformation and Error Calculation。
A kind of method adopting described measurement apparatus measurement current transform er error, the described method measuring method when alternating current-direct current composite signal pattern is as follows:
Step 1-1: described power source generator (1) produces alternating current-direct current composite signal,
Step 1-2: the alternating current-direct current composite signal of production is applied respectively to tested current transformer (4) and reference standard (2)；
Step 1-3: described alternating current-direct current composite signal is converted to small area analysis signal by described reference standard (2) accurately, and as reference signal input to error testing instrument (3)；
Step 1-4: reference signal that reference standard (2) is exported by described error testing instrument (3) and the measured signal that tested current transformer (4) exports carry out synchronized sampling, convert two groups of digital signals to, then pass through data processing module and two groups of digital signals are carried out discrete Fourier transform respectively, obtain its virtual value, DC content and first-harmonic, the amplitude of harmonic wave and phase place, calculate both errors between virtual value, fundamental voltage amplitude, fundamental phase, as final measurement。
The described method measuring method when half-sinusoid signal mode is as follows:
Step 2-1: described power source generator (1) produces half-sinusoid signal；
Step 2-2: generation half-sinusoid signal is applied respectively to tested current transformer (4) and reference standard (2)；
Step 2-3: described half-sinusoid signal is converted to small voltage signal by described reference standard (2) accurately, and as reference signal input to error testing instrument (3)；
Step 2-4: reference signal that reference standard (2) is exported by described error testing instrument (3) and the measured signal that tested current transformer (4) exports carry out synchronized sampling, convert two groups of digital signals to, then pass through data processing module and two groups of digital signals are carried out discrete Fourier transform respectively, obtain its virtual value, DC content and first-harmonic, the amplitude of harmonic wave and phase place, calculate both errors between virtual value, fundamental voltage amplitude, fundamental phase, as final measurement。
With immediate prior art ratio, technical scheme provided by the invention has following excellent effect
(1) once the DC content in big current loop both can arbitrarily regulate, and can produce again alternation, it is possible to simulate multiple different on-the-spot operating condition；
(2) can measure exchange, the diverter of direct current signal or Zero flux sensor as reference standard simultaneously, it is possible to accurately monitor the size of DC content in primary current, improve the concordance of result of the test；
(3) error testing instrument adopts digitized direct measuring, overcome tradition tester to work under harmonic wave affects with direct current, need the shortcoming that standard is identical with tested mutual inductor ratio, and other parameter except virtual value, amplitude, phase place can be tested as required, its higher automaticity improves measurement efficiency simultaneously。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of a kind of current transformer error measurement apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram during power source generator generation alternating current-direct current composite signal in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram during power source generator generation half-sinusoid signal in the present invention。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation。
As shown in Figure 1, structured flowchart for a kind of current transformer error measurement apparatus of the present invention, it is made up of power source generator 1, reference standard 2 and error testing instrument 3, described power source generator 1 is connected with reference standard 2 and tested transformer 4 respectively, and reference standard 2 and tested transformer 4 connect and be connected with error testing instrument 3 respectively。
Described power source generator 1 can produce big electric current alternating current-direct current composite signal or half-sinusoid signal, and the signal of production is applied to tested current transformer 4 and reference standard 2；
AC and DC composition in tested big current signal can be converted to small area analysis or small voltage signal by described reference standard 2 accurately, as reference signal input to error testing instrument 3；
Reference signal and the measured signal of tested current transformer 4 output that reference standard 2 is exported by described error testing instrument 3 carry out synchronized sampling, convert two groups of digital signals to, use Digital Signal Processing to calculate and obtain final measurement。
Current transformer direct current as above and even-order harmonic affect measurement apparatus, when described power source generator produces alternating current-direct current composite signal, its principle is as shown in Figure 2, including an ac current source 5 for the big electric current of output AC and one for exporting the DC current source 6 of DC current, branch roads that both connect jointly form alternating current-direct current composite signal。In fig 2, electric capacity C has stopping direct current and leads to the characteristic of exchange, it is possible to prevent current lifting device from occurring saturated, reduces primary current distortion。The effect of inductance L is the characteristic utilizing the logical direct current resistance exchange of inductance, increases the impedance of DC source branch road, thus reaching to prevent from burning the purpose of DC source。
Current transformer direct current as above and even-order harmonic affect measurement apparatus, when described power source generator produces half-sinusoid signal, its principle is as shown in Figure 3, including ac current source 5, diode, resistance etc., alternating current, after halfwave rectifier, forms the half-wave sinusoidal containing only direct current and even-order harmonic。In accompanying drawing 3, the model of two commutation diodes should be identical, and R is steady resistance, and its effect is to reduce the commutation diode voltage drop impact on loop current, RBFor balancing resistance, its resistance is approximately equal to reference standard and impedance sum of tested transformer。
Described reference standard adopts the accurate AC/DC universal measurement device such as diverter, Zero flux sensor。The accuracy of tested current transformer is up to 0.2S level, the standard of therefore referring to need to meet direct current, exchange amplitude error less than 0.05%, the requirement less than 2 points of the industrial frequency AC phase error。By relatively existing current measurement principle, possess AC/DC universal function, and accuracy higher have accurate diverter and Zero flux current sensor two kinds。Present case selects FLUKEA40B type precision diverter and LEMITZ type Zero flux sensor as reference standard。The current range of A40B type diverter is from 0.1mA to 100A, and bandwidth is from DC to 100kHz, and rated output voltage 0.8V, accuracy can reach 0.001 grade。The rated current of ITZ type Zero flux sensor reaches as high as 24000A, DC measurement accuracy 2 × 10 6, AC measurment accuracy 0.02%。
Described error testing instrument includes sampling resistor, double channel data acquisition card and data processing module。Present case, using the A40B type diverter of rated current 1A and 5A as sampling resistor, converts the current signal that tested current transformer and reference standard (when selecting Zero flux sensor as reference standard) export to voltage signal。Present case is using NI5922 type digitizer as dual pathways simultaneous data-acquisition, and its resolution is 24bit, sampling rate 500k/s, it is possible to reference signal and measured signal are carried out synchronized sampling。Present case is using LabView program as software, NI5922 is carried out Initialize installation by it, and the market demand FFT function collected is carried out Fourier transformation, obtain the information such as virtual value, DC content, fundamental voltage amplitude, fundamental phase, by the difference between comparison reference standard channel and tested transformer passage measured value, the information such as the virtual value error of needs, fundamental voltage amplitude error, fundamental phase error can be tried to achieve。
Finally should be noted that: above example is merely to illustrate technical scheme but not restriction to its protection domain; although with reference to above-described embodiment to present application has been detailed description; those of ordinary skill in the field are it is understood that the detailed description of the invention of application still can be carried out all changes, amendment or equivalent replacement by those skilled in the art after reading the application; but these change, revise or equivalent replacement, all within the claims that application is awaited the reply。
Claims (10)
1. a current transformer error measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that: described device includes power source generator (1), reference standard (2) and error testing instrument (3)；Described power source generator (1) is connected with reference standard (2) and tested transformer (4) respectively, described error testing instrument (3) is connected with reference standard (2), and described error testing instrument (3) and described reference standard (2) are respectively equipped with the link being connected with tested transformer (4)；Described measurement apparatus adopts alternating current-direct current composite signal or half-sinusoid signal both of which。
2. measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described device adopts alternating current-direct current composite signal pattern, described power source generator (1) includes ac current source (5) and DC current source (6), described ac current source (5) includes pressure regulator and current lifting device, one end of described current lifting device is connected with electric capacity C, the other end of electric capacity C is connected with inductance L, the other end of described inductance L is connected with one end of DC current source (6), and the other end of described current lifting device is connected with the other end of described DC current source (6)。
3. measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described device adopts half-sinusoid signal mode, described power source generator (1) includes ac current source (5) and commutation diode, described ac current source (5) includes pressure regulator and current lifting device, one end of described current lifting device is connected with resistance R, and the other end of described resistance R is connected with the negative electrode of the anode of the first diode and the second diode respectively, the other end of described current lifting device and resistance RBOne end connect, described resistance RBThe other end and the second diode anode connect。
4. measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described reference standard (2) direct current, exchange amplitude error less than 0.05%, industrial frequency AC phase error is less than 2 points。
5. measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described error testing instrument (3) includes sampling resistor, double channel data acquisition card and data processing module。
6. measurement apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the described sampling resistor rated current that current signal converts to voltage signal is 1A or 5A, and error is less than 0.01%。
7. measurement apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that reference signal and measured signal are carried out synchronized sampling by described double channel data acquisition card, and its resolution is not less than 24bit。
8. measurement apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described data processing module carries out Fourier transformation and Error Calculation。
9. a method for the measurement apparatus measurement current transform er error described in claim 1, the described method measuring method when alternating current-direct current composite signal pattern comprises the steps:
Step 1-1: described power source generator (1) produces alternating current-direct current composite signal,
Step 1-2: send described alternating current-direct current composite signal respectively to tested current transformer (4) and reference standard (2)；
Step 1-3: described alternating current-direct current composite signal is converted to small area analysis signal by described reference standard (2) accurately, and as reference signal input to error testing instrument (3)；
Step 1-4: reference signal that reference standard (2) is exported by described error testing instrument (3) and the measured signal that tested current transformer (4) exports carry out synchronized sampling, convert two groups of digital signals to, by data processing module, two groups of digital signals are carried out discrete Fourier transform respectively, obtain its virtual value, DC content and first-harmonic, the amplitude of harmonic wave and phase place, calculate both errors between virtual value, fundamental voltage amplitude, fundamental phase, as final measurement。
10. a method for the measurement apparatus measurement current transform er error described in claim 1, the described method measuring method when half-sinusoid signal mode comprises the steps:
Step 2-1: described power source generator (1) produces half-sinusoid signal；
Step 2-2: input described half-sinusoid signal to tested current transformer (4) and reference standard (2) respectively；
Step 2-3: described reference standard (2) converts tested half-sinusoid signal to small voltage signal accurately, as reference signal input to error testing instrument (3)；
Step 2-4: reference signal that reference standard (2) is exported by described error testing instrument (3) and the measured signal that tested current transformer (4) exports carry out synchronized sampling, convert two groups of digital signals to, then pass through data processing module and two groups of digital signals are carried out discrete Fourier transform respectively, obtain its virtual value, DC content and first-harmonic, the amplitude of harmonic wave and phase place, calculate both errors between virtual value, fundamental voltage amplitude, fundamental phase, as final measurement。
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| CN106504856A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-03-15 | 常熟市谷雷特机械产品设计有限公司 | A kind of removable transformer bracket with heat sinking function |
| CN106772199A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-31 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of DC current transformer frequency response characteristic check system and method |
| CN106842097A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-13 | 国网江西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of anti-DC performance detection means of current transformer and method |
| CN107544045A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2018-01-05 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of system and method for being detected to self-correcting type current transformer error |
| CN108279396A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-07-13 | 南京丹迪克电力仪表有限公司 | Anti- DC component current transformer error tester and its test method |
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| CN106504856A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-03-15 | 常熟市谷雷特机械产品设计有限公司 | A kind of removable transformer bracket with heat sinking function |
| CN106772199A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-31 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of DC current transformer frequency response characteristic check system and method |
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