CN105699237A - Experimental device and experimental method for comparing protective benefits of ecological mats - Google Patents
Experimental device and experimental method for comparing protective benefits of ecological mats Download PDFInfo
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- CN105699237A CN105699237A CN201610159115.4A CN201610159115A CN105699237A CN 105699237 A CN105699237 A CN 105699237A CN 201610159115 A CN201610159115 A CN 201610159115A CN 105699237 A CN105699237 A CN 105699237A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of the conservation of water and soil, and particularly relates to an experimental device and an experimental method for comparing protective benefits of ecological mats, wherein the experimental device comprises a water supply mechanism, an overflow box, a runoff box, a water pipe and a water collecting and measuring facility; the runoff groove is arranged obliquely; the runoff groove is used for laying soil and the ecological mats; the ecological mats are arranged on the soil; the overflow box is fixedly arranged on the ecological mats; further, the overflow box is arranged at one end, which is tilted upwards, of the runoff groove; the other end of the runoff groove is provided with a first water outlet; the first water outlet is arranged above the ecological mats; the water collecting and measuring device is arranged at the first water outlet, and is used for collecting and weighing muddy water flowing out from the runoff groove; the upper end of the overflow box is opened; the lower end of the overflow box is closed; the overflow box comprises an overflow plate; the overflow plate is arranged in a manner of inclining to the bottom surface of the overflow box; the water supply mechanism supplies water to the overflow box through the water pipe. By utilizing the experimental device, the experimental operation is carried out more conveniently; lots of labor power and financial resources are saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to conservation technology field, particularly relate to the experimental provision and experimental technique that carry out ecological pad protection benefit contrast。
Background technology
Ecological pad can effectively reduce raindrop energy, increases soil infiltration, reduces domatic flow velocity, reduce run-off and quantity of sand and mud, has excellent corrosion stability and water-retaining property。The ecological pad soil and water conservation effect of different size is different。Therefore simply and rapidly, measure the erosion resistibility of different ecological pad, water-retaining property etc. to have great importance。
But there is presently no special contrast and measure the experimental provision of ecological pad soil and water conservation effect, in experiment in the wild, many employings are laid experiment temporarily and are measured the scour resistance of ecological pad now, overflow hole is dug on domatic top to be measured, discharge water overflow, enclosing is carried out in domatic both sides, the domatic flow velocity of Determination Staining, is digging pit at the bottom of slope, places silt collection device。Or doing the scouring experiment of ecological pad in runoff plots, it is similar that its method lays experiment with field, digs overflow hole on top, runoff plots temporarily, prevent from infiltrating with Polypropylence Sheet, discharge water overflow in hole, the domatic flow velocity of Determination Staining, raggle centralized collection silt and runoff。When digging overflow hole, soil is caused relatively large disturbances, bring the Soil erosion of bigger error；And for there being the ground cover materials such as ecological pad to be often, monoblock covers, and carries out local failure when digging overflow hole very inconvenient, often the surface that lower test is domatic is also resulted in interference；When washing away and discharging water, be with in bottle having extrusion stream or water pipe discharges water and all there is the inconstant problem of flow。For the experiment that field is laid temporarily, when domatic both sides water-stop sheet is blocked, often soil relatively consolidation and have rubble, or containing irregular rock underlying surface, the insertion making water-stop sheet is very difficult, in general inserting 5cm under earth's surface has been the limit, and when inserting, the degree of packing of original soil, structure etc. is all brought bigger destruction。For runoff plots, bottom is impaled by protecting the ridge, by connecting tube by water leg centralized collection。In this course, owing to the ridge blocking to moisture silt is protected in bottom, it is possible to make Sediment Siltation before protecting the ridge, and add bottom under ooze, make silt and run-off all reduce。The area of the ecological pad adopted in both assay methods is relatively big, all brings very big workload to experimenter, it is necessary to many people complete, operating difficulties during abrupt slope in the laying of ecological pad and experimentation, and human cost, material cost, charity cost are all significantly high。For the scouring experiment of ecological pad, comprehensive runoff plots and field are not optimal choices。
Summary of the invention
(1) to solve the technical problem that
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is difficult, relatively costly and environmental disruption is the bigger problem of experimental implementation solving the contrast of existing ecological pad protection benefit。
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of experimental provision carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast, including water supply mechanism, spill box, footpath chute, water pipe and the measurement device that catchments, described footpath chute is obliquely installed, described footpath chute is used for laying soil and ecological pad, and ecological pad is located on soil；Described spill box is fixed on described ecological pad, and described spill box is located at acclivitous one end of described footpath chute, the other end of described footpath chute is provided with the first outlet, described first outlet is located at the top of described ecological pad, described measurement apparatus of catchmenting is located at described first water outlet, for the muddy water flowed out in the chute of footpath is collected and is weighed；Described spill box upper end is uncovered, lower end closed, and described spill box includes overflow plate, and described overflow plate favours the bottom surface of described spill box and arranges；Described water supply mechanism is supplied water in described spill box by described water pipe, and water overflows to enter in the chute of described footpath along described overflow plate from the upper end of spill box and washes away described ecological pad。
Wherein, some pieces of the first dividing plates it are provided with in the chute of described footpath, described footpath chute is divided into a plurality of parallel footpath circulation road by some pieces of described first dividing plates, every described footpath circulation road is equipped with the first outlet, the quantity of described spill box is equal with the quantity of described footpath circulation road, and described spill box is arranged with described footpath circulation road one_to_one corresponding。
Wherein, described spill box be shaped as oblique four prism type, the angle between the bottom surface of described overflow plate and described spill box is 30 °～60 °, and the width of described overflow plate is equal with the width of described footpath circulation road。
Wherein, described overflow plate is perpendicular to described first dividing plate and arranges, and the lateral surface of described overflow plate is provided with some pieces of second partitions, and some pieces of described second partitions form a plurality of overflow ducts be arrangeding in parallel on the lateral surface of described overflow plate。
Wherein, also including Liftable base, one end of described Liftable base is provided with baffle plate, and the upper surface of described Liftable base is located at by described runoff case, described Liftable base is used for making described runoff case tilt, and described baffle plate is for preventing described runoff case from landing described Liftable base。
Wherein, described water supply mechanism is for determining head supply tank, and the described upper end determining head supply tank is uncovered and is provided with overfall, and the described bottom determining head supply tank is provided with multiple second outlet, multiple described second outlets are located at sustained height, and each described second water outlet is equipped with valve。
Present invention also offers a kind of experimental technique carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast, including step S1, in the chute of footpath, lay soil and ecological pad；S2, is fixedly installed in the chute of footpath, adopts Liftable base to make one end that spill box placed by footpath chute be inclined upwardly；S3, connects water supply mechanism, adopts water supply mechanism to supply water in spill box and makes water flow in runoff groove from spill box upper end spilling；S4, collects the muddy water flowed out in the chute of footpath, the weight of the earth after the weight of measurement muddy water and drying, analyzes the soil and water conservation effect of ecological pad according to measurement result。
Wherein, described step S1 also includes, the dividing plate that footpath chute is divided into a plurality of parallel footpath circulation road is set in the chute of footpath, soil and ecological pad is all laid in every footpath circulation road, described step S2 also includes, being fixed in the circulation road of footpath one to one by multiple spill boxes, adjustment Liftable base makes the angle of inclination of footpath chute be 30 °；Described step S3 also includes, and water supply mechanism is provided with multiple outlet, and the discharge of multiple outlets is all identical with flow velocity, and each outlet is all connected with water pipe, is supplied water in each spill box by water pipe；Described step S4 also includes, and collects the muddy water flowed out in runoff case in different periods, analyzes the soil and water conservation effect of ecological pad in different periods。
Wherein, in different footpath circulation roads, lay the soil of same thickness and the ecological pad of different size, and in each spill box, insert the water pipe of equal number respectively, contrast soil and water conservation effect when equal runoff erosion different size ecological pad is laid。
Wherein, in different footpath circulation roads, lay the soil of same thickness and the ecological pad of same size, and in each spill box, insert the water pipe of varying number respectively, soil and water conservation effect when contrast equivalent specifications ecological pad difference runoff erosion is laid。
(3) beneficial effect
The technique scheme of the present invention has the advantage that and the invention provides a kind of experimental provision carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast and experimental technique, this experimental provision includes water supply mechanism, spill box, footpath chute, water pipe and the measurement device that catchments, footpath chute is obliquely installed, and in the chute of footpath, lay soil and ecological pad, spill box is located at the acclivitous one end of footpath chute, and it is fixed on ecological pad, the other end at footpath chute is provided with the first outlet, first outlet is higher than ecological pad, the muddy water flowed out from the first outlet is collected and weighs by measurement apparatus of catchmenting, water supply mechanism is supplied water in spill box by water pipe, the overflow plate of spill box favours the bottom surface of spill box and arranges, can flow down from overflow plate after water overflows from the upper end of spill box and ecological pad is washed away, collect in different periods from the weight of the muddy water flowed out in the chute of footpath and the weight of earth after drying by weighing, analyze the protection effect of ecological pad in different periods。Utilize this experimental provision to carry out experimental implementation more convenient, can reduce in existing experiment the scour process to ecological pad really, and environment be there is no impact, save substantial amounts of manpower and financial resources。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart (except Liftable base) of the experimental provision carrying out ecological protection pad Efficiency Comparison that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the spill box that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the Liftable base that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the water supply mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 5 is the experimental technique flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides the protection benefit contrast carrying out equal runoff erosion different ecological pad；
Fig. 6 is the experimental technique flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides the protection benefit contrast carrying out same size ecological pad difference runoff erosion。
In figure: 1: spill box；2: retainer ring；3: handle；4: second partition；5: fixing pin；6: overflow plate；7: the first dividing plates；8: the first outlets；9: dust-collecting bucket；10: electronic scale；11: ecological pad；12: footpath chute；13: crank；14: gradient instruction dish；15: baffle plate；16: antiskid plate；17: telescope support；18: valve；19: determine head supply tank；20: overfall；21: water pipe。
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments。Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the premise not making creative work, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention。
In describing the invention, it is necessary to explanation, except as otherwise noted, " multiple " are meant that two or more；Term " on ", D score, "left", "right", " interior ", " outward ", " front end ", " rear end ", " head ", the orientation of the instruction such as " afterbody " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, it is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than instruction or hint indication device or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, be therefore not considered as limiting the invention。Additionally, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " etc. are only for descriptive purposes, and it is not intended that indicate or hint relative importance。
In describing the invention, in addition it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for instance, it is possible to it is fixing connection, it is also possible to be removably connect, or connect integratedly；Can be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary。For the ordinary skill in the art, visual concrete condition understands above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention。
As Figure 1-4, a kind of experimental provision carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast that the embodiment of the present invention provides, including water supply mechanism, spill box 1, footpath chute 12, water pipe 21 and the measurement device that catchments, footpath chute 12 is obliquely installed, in the present embodiment, the angle of inclination of runoff case is 30 °, footpath chute 12 is the cuboid that upper end is uncovered, soil is laid in the bottom of footpath chute 12, ecological pad 11 is laid above soil, spill box 1 is fixed on ecological pad 11, the bottom being specially spill box 1 is provided with fixing pin 5, the quantity of fixing pin 5 is multiple, multiple fixing pins 5 are parallel and interval is arranged, for spill box 1 is fixed in the circulation road of footpath, in the present embodiment, the quantity of fixing pin 5 is 4, the length of fixing pin 5 is about 7cm, 4 fixing pins 5 are located on four angles of base plate of spill box 1, fixing pin 5 favours the base plate of spill box 1 and arranges, and and the base plate of spill box 1 between angle less than 90 °, fixing pin 5 is inserted in ecological pad 11 and soil, spill box 1 is fixed。Acclivitous one end of footpath chute 12 is located at by spill box 1, the other end of footpath chute 12 is provided with the first outlet 8, first outlet 8 is located at the top of ecological pad 11, measurement apparatus of catchmenting is located at the first outlet 8 place, for the muddy water flowed out in footpath chute 12 is collected and is weighed, measurement apparatus of catchmenting in the present embodiment includes dust-collecting bucket 9 and electronic scale 10；Dust-collecting bucket 9 is placed on electronic scale, and dust-collecting bucket 9 is located at the first outlet 8 place；Spill box 1 upper end is uncovered, lower end closed, and spill box 1 includes overflow plate 6, and overflow plate 6 favours the bottom surface of spill box 1 and arranges, and namely the angle between the bottom surface of overflow plate 6 and spill box 1 is less than 90 °；Water supply mechanism is supplied water in spill box 1 by water pipe 21, and water overflows to enter into along overflow plate 6 from the upper end of spill box 1 and washes away ecological pad 11 in footpath chute 12。This device can the scour process of ecosystem revivification pad 11 really, and it is relatively simple to carry out laboratory operation person, saves substantial amounts of manpower and financial resources。
Further, some pieces of the first dividing plates 7 it are provided with in footpath chute 12, footpath chute 12 is divided into a plurality of parallel footpath circulation road by some pieces of the first dividing plates 7, every footpath circulation road is equipped with the first outlet 8, the quantity of spill box 1 is equal with the quantity of footpath circulation road, and spill box 1 is arranged with footpath circulation road one_to_one corresponding。That is in every footpath circulation road, it is equipped with spill box 1, and every footpath circulation road is equipped with the first outlet 8, can arrange the ecological pad 11 of different size, detect the protection effect of the ecological pad 11 of different size in the circulation road of a plurality of footpath。May also set up the ecological pad 11 of same size, detect the ecological pad 11 of this specification protection effect under different scouring intensities。
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, spill box 1 be shaped as oblique four prism type, overflow plate 6 is a side plate of oblique quadrangular, and the height of overflow plate 6 is lower than the height of other 3 blocks of side plates, it is specially, the height of overflow plate 6 is 16cm, the height of other 3 blocks of side plates of spill box 1 is 17cm, angle between the bottom surface of overflow plate 6 and spill box 1 is 30 °～60 °, ensure that the angle of inclination sum of the angle between overflow plate 6 and the bottom surface of spill box 1 and footpath chute 12 is less than 90 °, also ensure that the water overflowed in spill box 1 to against overflow plate 6 and be flowed in the circulation road of footpath, avoid water directly to fall to forming overflow, affect experimental result, additionally the width of overflow plate 6 is equal with the width of footpath circulation road。The side plate relative with overflow plate 6 of spill box 1 is provided with retainer ring, being equipped with handle 3 on the two sides adjacent with overflow plate 6, retainer ring is used for fixing water pipe 21, it is to avoid in spill box 1 during hypervolia, water pipe 21 skids off in spill box 1, and handle 3 will be for picking and placeing spill box 1。
Further, overflow plate 6 is perpendicular to the first dividing plate 7 and arranges, and the lateral surface of overflow plate 6 is provided with some pieces of parallel and spaced second partitions 4, and some pieces of second partitions 4 form a plurality of overflow ducts be arrangeding in parallel on the lateral surface of overflow plate 6。Distance between the second partition 4 that arbitrary neighborhood is two pieces is equal, and namely the width of a plurality of overflow ducts is equal, plays when current are less and prevents because the surface tension of water accumulates the effect of stock。
Such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, this experimental provision also includes Liftable base, Liftable base includes telescope support 17, crank 13, gradient instruction dish 14 and antiskid plate 16, footpath chute 12 is located on antiskid plate 16, telescope support 17 is located at the lower section of antiskid plate 16, the collapsing length of telescope support 17 can be regulated by shaking crank 13, thus adjusting the angle of inclination of footpath chute 12, the size at angle of inclination intuitively can clearly be observed by gradient instruction dish 14, and can be adjusted according to gradient instruction dish 14, antiskid plate 16 is provided with baffle plate 15, baffle plate 15 is for preventing runoff case from landing Liftable base。
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, water supply mechanism is for determine head supply tank 19, uncovered and a side plate the upper end, upper end determining head supply tank 19 is provided with overfall 20, the bottom determining head supply tank 19 is provided with multiple second outlet, multiple second outlets are located at sustained height, owing to multiple second outlets are all located at sustained height, ensure that the flow of water flowed out from each second outlet is equal, each second water outlet is equipped with valve 18, each second water outlet is all connected with a water pipe 21, by adjusting opening and closing regulating water flow and the flow velocity of valve 18。
In sum, the invention provides a kind of experimental provision carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast, supply water in spill box 1 by determining head supply tank 19, by adjusting the quantity of the valve 18 opened, the quantity of the water pipe 21 namely opened realizes the adjustment of discharge and flow velocity, along with the water yield in spill box 1 increases, water overflows from the upper end of spill box 1 and is flowed in the circulation road of footpath along overflow plate 6, the muddy water flowed out in the circulation road of footpath is collected at the first outlet 8 place, and weigh, the protection effect of ecological pad 11 is analyzed according to weighing result。This device can contrast or measure the soil and water conservation effect of ecological pad 11 under various configurations such as covering Nutrition Soil thickness, unlike material, different plant collocation under different-thickness, difference simply, exactly, is embodied in the various aspects such as Soil erosion, run-off, soil moisture content, Biomass。In use, it is possible in the circulation road of a plurality of footpath, arrange multiple spill box 1 simultaneously, carry out contrast experiment directly perceived, it is also possible to only arrange a spill box 1, do test of many times, after test, experimental data is analyzed contrast。
Present invention also offers a kind of experimental technique carrying out the contrast of ecological pad 11 protection benefit, this experimental technique can adopt experimental provision mentioned above to complete, and as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, including step S1, lays soil and ecological pad 11 in footpath chute 12；S2, is fixedly installed in footpath chute 12 by spill box 1, adopts Liftable base to make one end that spill box 1 placed by footpath chute 12 be inclined upwardly；S3, connects water supply mechanism, adopts water supply mechanism to supply water in spill box 1 and makes water flow in runoff groove from spill box 1 upper end spilling；S4, the muddy water that collection is flowed out in footpath chute 12, the weight of the earth after the weight of measurement muddy water and drying, the soil and water conservation effect of ecological pad 11 is analyzed according to measurement result。
Specifically, before step S1, first carry out revising of water supply mechanism。External water source is continuously to determining water supply in head supply tank 19, and remain that the overfall 20 determining head supply tank 19 top there are flowing out, open one, bottom valve 18, connect the water of about 500ML with beaker, and record required time, total water withdrawal is recorded with graduated cylinder, total water withdrawal divided by be total time when a valve is opened per second go out stream the water yield and discharge, Q=W T, Q represent discharge, W represents total water withdrawal, and T represents the water intaking time used。In this type of experiment, we can be approximately considered, if opening n valve, total flow is nQ, and when determining head supply tank 19 in once testing together and spill box 1 discrepancy in elevation is constant, Q-value is constant。
Further, step S1 also includes, and lays footpath chute 12 according to Experimental comparison's condition, the dividing plate that footpath chute 12 is divided into a plurality of parallel footpath circulation road is set in footpath chute 12, banket in the circulation road of footpath to going out head piece bottom, be densified to the soil density under naturalness, lay ecological pad 11；Step S2 also includes, and is fixed in the circulation road of footpath one to one by multiple spill boxes 1, and adjustment Liftable base makes the angle of inclination of footpath chute 12 be 30 °；Step S3 also includes, and connects water supply mechanism, and wherein water supply mechanism is provided with multiple outlet, multiple outlets to go out water speed identical, each outlet is all connected with water pipe 21, is supplied water in each spill box 1 by water pipe 21。The flow that the water pipe 21 of varying number is corresponding different, selects required water pipe 21 according to the size of necessary flow and flow velocity, as experiment needs little runoff erosion, optional two valves opened as shown in Figure 1。Step S4 also includes, and collects the muddy water flowed out in runoff case in different periods, analyzes the soil and water conservation effect of ecological pad 11 in different periods。The weight G of earth specifically, start to there are flowing out beginning timing from spill box 1 upper end, after measuring the weight G of the muddy water flowed out in each footpath circulation road after 5S～15S and drying1, obtain run-off G2=G-G1, the soil and water conservation effect of each ecological pad 11 when analyzing initial。Persistently keeping determine head supply tank 19 to supply water and wash away ecological pad 11 to soil, after certain time, soil reaches capacity, and the measurement apparatus that is again with catchmenting carries out measurement of catchmenting, the soil and water conservation effect of each ecological pad 11 under analysis saturation。
Introduce two experiments that experimental technique provided by the invention often does in detail below:
First experiment, as it is shown in figure 5, in above-mentioned steps S1, lay the soil of same thickness and the ecological pad 11 of different size in different footpath circulation roads；And in step s3, in each spill box 1, insert the water pipe 21 of equal number respectively, it is possible to contrast soil and water conservation effect when equal runoff erosion different size ecological pad 11 is laid。
Second experiment, as shown in Figure 6, it is in above-mentioned steps S1, the soil of same thickness and the ecological pad 11 of same size is laid in different footpath circulation roads, in step S3, the water pipe 21 of varying number, soil and water conservation effect when the different runoff erosion of contrast equivalent specifications ecological pad 11 is laid is inserted respectively in each spill box 1。
Additionally, experimental technique provided by the invention can also measure the soil and water conservation effect of ecological pad under various configurations such as covering Nutrition Soil thickness, unlike material, different plant collocation under different-thickness, difference。
In sum, the experimental technique of ecological pad protection benefit provided by the invention contrast, dividing plate is fixed on pretreatment, which solves when laying scouring experiment original domatic interference problem；This experiment adopts the spill box that can control constant flow rate, it is ensured that stable flow velocity；And the device size to fit adopted, can complete in outdoor also can complete in outdoor, easy to operate, laying according further to the ecological pad in life is arranged experimental provision, the discharge and flow velocity of washing away ecological pad is changed by changing the quantity of the water pipe being inserted in spill box, the effect of water and soil conservation in the effect runoff scouring intensity situation different from equivalent specifications ecological pad of the water and soil conservation that equal convection current erosion quantity different ecological pad is laid can be contrasted, reduce various situations when ecological pad is applied in the environment really, test more true and accurate, operate relatively simple, the problem solving the inconvenience of existing experimental implementation。Additionally, experimental technique provided by the invention can also measure the soil and water conservation effect of ecological pad under various configurations such as covering Nutrition Soil thickness, unlike material, different plant collocation under different-thickness, difference。
Last it is noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, it is not intended to limit；Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that: the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent replacement；And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme。
Claims (10)
1. the experimental provision carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast, it is characterized in that: include water supply mechanism, spill box, footpath chute, water pipe and the measurement device that catchments, described footpath chute is obliquely installed, described footpath chute is used for laying soil and ecological pad, ecological pad is located on soil, described spill box is fixed on described ecological pad, and described spill box is located at acclivitous one end of described footpath chute, the other end of described footpath chute is provided with the first outlet, described first outlet is located at the top of described ecological pad, described measurement apparatus of catchmenting is located at described first water outlet, for the muddy water flowed out in the chute of footpath is collected and weighs；Described spill box upper end is uncovered, lower end closed, and described spill box includes overflow plate, and described overflow plate favours the bottom surface of described spill box and arranges；Described water supply mechanism is supplied water in described spill box by described water pipe, and water overflows to enter in the chute of described footpath along described overflow plate from the upper end of spill box and washes away ecological pad。
2. the experimental provision carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the chute of described footpath, be provided with some pieces of the first dividing plates, described footpath chute is divided into a plurality of parallel footpath circulation road by some pieces of described first dividing plates, every described footpath circulation road is equipped with the first outlet, the quantity of described spill box is equal with the quantity of described footpath circulation road, and described spill box is arranged with described footpath circulation road one_to_one corresponding。
3. the experimental provision carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described spill box be shaped as oblique four prism type, angle between the bottom surface of described overflow plate and described spill box is 30 °～60 °, and the width of described overflow plate is equal with the width of described footpath circulation road。
4. the experimental provision carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described overflow plate is perpendicular to described first dividing plate and arranges, and the lateral surface of described overflow plate is provided with some pieces of second partitions, some pieces of described second partitions form a plurality of overflow ducts be arrangeding in parallel on the lateral surface of described overflow plate。
5. the experimental provision carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also include Liftable base, one end of described Liftable base is provided with baffle plate, the upper surface of described Liftable base is located at by described runoff case, described Liftable base is used for making described runoff case tilt, and described baffle plate is for preventing described runoff case from landing described Liftable base。
6. the experimental provision carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water supply mechanism is for determine head supply tank, the described upper end determining head supply tank is uncovered and is provided with overfall, the described bottom determining head supply tank is provided with multiple second outlet, multiple described second outlets are located at sustained height, and each described second water outlet is equipped with valve。
7. the experimental technique carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast, it is characterised in that: include step
S1, lays soil and ecological pad in the chute of footpath；
S2, is fixedly installed in the chute of footpath by spill box, adopts Liftable base to make one end that spill box placed by footpath chute be inclined upwardly；
S3, connects water supply mechanism, adopts water supply mechanism to supply water in spill box and makes water flow in runoff groove from spill box upper end spilling；
S4, collects the muddy water flowed out in the chute of footpath, the weight of the earth after the weight of measurement muddy water and drying, analyzes the soil and water conservation effect of ecological pad according to measurement result。
8. the experimental technique carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
Described step S1 also includes, and arranges the dividing plate that footpath chute is divided into a plurality of parallel footpath circulation road, all lay soil and ecological pad in every footpath circulation road in the chute of footpath,
Described step S2 also includes, and is fixed in the circulation road of footpath one to one by multiple spill boxes, and adjustment Liftable base makes the angle of inclination of footpath chute be 30 °；
Described step S3 also includes, and water supply mechanism is provided with multiple outlet, and the discharge of multiple outlets is all identical with flow velocity, and each outlet is all connected with water pipe, is supplied water in each spill box by water pipe；
Described step S4 also includes, and collects the muddy water flowed out in runoff case in different periods, analyzes the soil and water conservation effect of ecological pad in different periods。
9. the experimental technique carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: in different footpath circulation roads, lay the soil of same thickness and the ecological pad of different size, and in each spill box, insert the water pipe of equal number respectively, contrast soil and water conservation effect when equal runoff erosion different size ecological pad is laid。
10. the experimental technique carrying out ecological pad protection benefit contrast according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: in different footpath circulation roads, lay the soil of same thickness and the ecological pad of same size, and in each spill box, insert the water pipe of varying number, soil and water conservation effect when contrast equivalent specifications ecological pad difference runoff erosion is laid respectively。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610159115.4A CN105699237A (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | Experimental device and experimental method for comparing protective benefits of ecological mats |
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