CN105675704A - ECT imaging system-based three dimensional full-open flame detection sensor - Google Patents
ECT imaging system-based three dimensional full-open flame detection sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ECT imaging system-based three dimensional full-open flame detection sensor, and belongs to the technical field of electric imaging. The flame detection sensor is composed of a matrix and an insulation pedestal, the matrix is a high temperature-resistant corundum cylinder, and the outer circumference of the corundum cylinder is electroplated with a shielding cover; the upper plane of the insulation pedestal is electroplated with weight pedestal electrodes in an equant manner, and the insulation pedestal is clamped into the bottom end of the corundum cylinder; and the shielding cover is grounded, and is unconnected with all the electrodes to form the three dimensional full-open flame detection sensor. The sensor allows capacitance values among traditional electrode plates with a same height layer to be obtained, and also allows capacitance values among electrode plates with different height layers to be obtained and to have a three dimensional characteristic. The flame detection sensor can be applied in wide measurement objectives.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electricity technical field of imaging, particularly to a kind of three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor based on ECT imaging system.
Background technology
Electrical capacitance tomography (ElectricalCapacitanceTomography, ECT) is a kind of Novel visual monitoring technology medicine CT being combined with modern detecting, can be used in multiphase flow detection field. The capacitance sensor array peripheral mainly through being arranged on pipeline, obtain the interelectrode capacity value between the different sensors battery lead plate in measured zone, then through data collecting system system and corresponding signal processing and image reconstruction algorithm, reconstruct the two-dimensional/three-dimensional information within measured zone, it is achieved the Noninvasive testing to process device.
Traditional acoustics and thermal properties flame detecting method, be difficult to accurate use owing to its detector is subject to the interference of other thermals source of boiler and sound source, it is impossible to meet the large power generating equipment requirement to safe operation. Research direction relatively more feasible at present mainly has optical method and electric method, and the present invention is based on electricity chromatography imaging technique (ECT). Burning in flame heart circular hole in the sensor, due to flame ionization effect, the electron ion causing sensor internal medium changes, eight electrode slices are caused to measure the change of capacitance, thus the change of capacitance reflects the change of interior media, also reflected the distribution situation of this moment medium simultaneously. By data collecting system, capacitance signal is reflected in computer, utilize certain algorithm to carry out image reconstruction, it is possible to obtain internal flame image, it is achieved visualization fire defector.
Traditional ECT three-dimensional reconstruction mode is by the measurement capacitance obtaining in sustained height layer between all pole plates pair, according to two-dimensional image array on this layer obtained, then carries out valuation extension by interpolation method in the axial direction, it is thus achieved that three-dimensional reconstruction image. This three-dimensional rebuilding method obviously has inevitable error, is therefore called pseudo-three-dimensional reconstruction by many scholars. The open-type sensor of the realized three-dimensional visualization fire defector that the present invention proposes, can directly calculate the three-dimensional sensitivity field based on differing heights layer, thus carrying out 3D image reconstruction truly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor based on ECT imaging system
It is characterized in that, described three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor is made up of insulator foot and matrix two parts, and insulator foot snaps in the bottom of corundum cylinder; Eight bases of plating at the upper plane decile of insulator foot measure electrodes, the interval angles α that base is measured between electrode pad is 5 °, and base is measured between electrode insulated from each other, is not turned on mutually, it is connected with data collecting system by data wire, constitutes the measurement electrode of detection system; Matrix is one section of resistant to elevated temperatures corundum cylinder, electroplates radome, completely cut off the external electromagnetic interference to sensor, Shielding Case grounding, and be not turned on all electrodes on corundum cylinder excircle; Namely three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor is constituted.
The axial height of described corundum cylinder is 200mm, inside radius 80mm, and outer radius is 88mm, and pipe thickness is 8mm.
Described base electrode material is resistant to elevated temperatures rustless steel, and inner arc radius is 40mm, and outer arc radius is 80mm.
The detecting device of the described 3-dimensional multi-layered flame detection sensor based on capacitance tomography system, it is characterized in that, the base of three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor measures that electrode is insulated from each other to be not turned on, access data collecting system by non-interfering data wire, constitute the measurement electrode of detection system; Shielding Case grounding; Plasma flame burner is placed in three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor, and connects on the breather between two effusion meters by breather; Wherein, an effusion meter is connected with methane gas tank by a stop valve; Another effusion meter is connected with decompressor and vacuum tank by another stop valve; Vacuum tank is equipped with Pressure gauge; Secondly data collecting system connects imaging system respectively and measures electrode.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that this sensor abandons the plane two-dimensional structure that traditional ECT sensor is full symmetric on measurement space in design, sensor electrode sheet is arranged in the bottom of measured zone by the present invention, measured zone is made to be fully located at above measurement electrode, compared with prior art, it is advantageous that, three-dimensional sensitivity field information can be obtained, demonstrate sensitivity field " soft field " characteristic spatially. By this detection system, it is possible not only to the capacitance obtaining between the battery lead plate of traditional identical height layer, it is also possible to obtain the capacitance between the battery lead plate of differing heights layer. And owing to base portion sensor can detect that the change of working medium dielectric coefficient in differing heights layer measured zone in the axial direction, there is three-dimensional character, overcome conventional three-dimensional to detect resolution in the axial direction low, the shortcoming that error is big, improves the reliability of detection. So that this flame detection sensor can be applicable to wider array of measurement object.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor structural representation based on ECT imaging system.
Fig. 2 is that ECT detects plasma flame experimental provision schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is differing heights layer sensitivity field image
On (a) H=10mm height layer adjacent electrode between sensitivity field image
On (b) H=10mm height layer comparative electrode between sensitivity field image
On (c) H=10mm height layer any electrode between sensitivity field image
On (d) H=60mm height layer adjacent electrode between sensitivity field image
On (e) H=60mm height layer comparative electrode between sensitivity field image
On (f) H=60mm height layer any electrode between sensitivity field image
Number in the figure: 1-base, 2-base measures electrode, 3-corundum cylinder, 4-radome, 5-plasma flame burner, 6-data collecting system, 7-imaging system, 8-Pressure gauge, 9-vacuum tank, 10-decompressor, 11-stop valve, 12-effusion meter, 13-effusion meter, 14-stop valve, 15-methane gas tank.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor based on ECT imaging system, is explained below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 show the three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor structural representation based on ECT imaging system. Three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor shown in figure is made up of insulator foot and matrix two parts; Matrix is one section of resistant to elevated temperatures corundum cylinder 3, and insulator foot 1 snaps in the bottom of corundum cylinder 3; The axial height of corundum cylinder 3 is 200mm, inside radius 80mm, and outer radius is 88mm, and pipe thickness is 8mm. Eight bases of plating at the upper plane decile of insulator foot 1 measure electrodes 2, the interval angles α that base is measured between electrode 2 plate is 5 °, base measurement electrode is material is rustless steel, and inner arc radius is 40mm, and outer arc radius is the 80mm bottom embedding corundum cylinder 3; Corundum cylinder 3 excircle is electroplated radome 4, completely cuts off the external electromagnetic interference to sensor, Shielding Case grounding, and be not turned on all electrodes, namely constitute three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor.
Fig. 2 show ECT and detects plasma flame experimental provision schematic diagram. The detecting device of this three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor is base insulated from each other to be measured electrode 2 be connected with data collecting system 6 respectively by data wire, plasma flame burner 5 is placed in three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor, and connects on the breather between first-class gauge 12 and second gauge 13 by breather; Wherein, second gauge 13 is connected with methane gas tank 15 by the second stop valve 14; First-class gauge 12 is connected with decompressor 10 and vacuum tank 9 by the first stop valve 11; Vacuum tank 9 is equipped with Pressure gauge 8; Secondly data collecting system 6 connects imaging system 7 and base measurement electrode 2 respectively; Radome 4 ground connection, for completely cutting off the external electromagnetic interference to sensor, and is not turned on all electrodes, namely constitutes three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor.
Owing to measurand is flame, ignition temperature is usually at thousands of degrees Celsius, and the senor operating temperature upper limit that traditional soldering process makes is only at about 300 DEG C, thus common insulant cannot meet being actually needed of measurement flame with conventional manufacture method. The present invention have selected resistant to elevated temperatures insulant 95 porcelain in the sensor base bearing flame higher temperature and is fabricated to corundum cylinder, and insulator foot 1 is also have selected resistant to elevated temperatures insulant 95 porcelain to make; Each method for making its electrode also improves traditional handicraft, adopts galvanoplastic, by electrode plating in the upper surface of corundum cylinder insulator foot 1. After improvement, by testing, novel sensor is the highest is resistant to 1500 DEG C of high temperature, meets the requirement of combustion experiment.
In traditional capacitance tomography system, by the capacitance between battery lead plate between two on identical height layer, obtain the capacitance value data in this section gauge region, the two-dimensional sensitive field in this plane is obtained in conjunction with two dimensional finite element method, by corresponding image reconstruction algorithm, obtain the grey value profile information in this cross section, again through carrying out linear interpolation in the height direction, it is achieved 3D image reconstruction.
For ECT system, it is thus achieved that it is sensitivity field that measured zone rebuilds another important element of image. Two-dimensional cross sectional sensitivity field can only be obtained based on traditional sensor, and for the three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor of present invention employing, three-dimensional electric field value is drawn by FEM calculation, it is carried out as follows dot product addition again, can obtaining the approximate calculation result of three-dimensional sensitivity field, specific formula for calculation is as follows:
S (n, k)=E (n, xi) * E (n, xj)+E (n, yi) * E (n, yj)+E (n, zi) * E (n, zj),
Wherein: n=1,2 ... 64*64;K=1,2 ... 66; I=1,2 ... 16; J=1,2 ... 16; (n, k) represents sensitivity field matrix to S; E (n, xi), E (n, yi), E (n, zi) represents electric field x, y, z side's upward component; It can be seen that this sensitivity field also contains axial information, for three-dimensional imaging sensitivity field matrix.
The two big factors due to required for image reconstruction: measure capacitance matrix and sensitivity field matrix all contains axial information, for three-dimensional matrice, therefore without at once directly obtaining three-dimensional reconstruction image by the linear interpolation in two-dimensional imaging cross section, it is achieved that to the three-dimensional imaging measuring object. From the three-dimensional sensitivity field information obtained, demonstrate sensitivity field in spatial axes " soft field " characteristic upwards. By this detection system, it is possible not only to the capacitance obtaining between the battery lead plate of traditional identical height layer, it is also possible to obtain the capacitance between the battery lead plate of differing heights layer. Owing to this sensor substantially increases the axial resolution rebuilding image, enhance measurement signal, strengthen the intensity of sensitivity field in distance pedestal sensor plane region farther out so that there is good imaging effect in wider region.
In order to sensitivity field spatially " soft field " characteristic axially is described, choose the three-dimensional sensitivity field contrast images at space differing heights layer plane sensitivity field; Choose the representational sensitivity field image comparison of differing heights layer as shown in Figure 3, on (a) H=10mm height layer adjacent electrode between sensitivity field image; On (b) H=10mm height layer comparative electrode between sensitivity field image; On (c) H=10mm height layer any electrode between sensitivity field image; On (d) H=60mm height layer adjacent electrode between sensitivity field image; On (e) H=60mm height layer comparative electrode between sensitivity field image; On (f) H=60mm height layer any electrode between sensitivity field image; It can be seen that the height layer plane sensitivity field intensity height that distance electrode slice plan range is nearer, numerical value is relatively big, and distance electrode slice plane height layer plane sensitivity field intensity farther out is weak, and numerical value is less, illustrates that sensitivity field spatially also has " soft field " characteristic.
Claims (4)
1. the three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor based on ECT imaging system, it is characterised in that described three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor is made up of insulator foot and matrix two parts, and insulator foot snaps in the bottom of corundum cylinder; Eight bases of plating at the upper plane decile of insulator foot measure electrodes, and the interval angles α that base is measured between electrode pad is 5 °; Matrix is one section of resistant to elevated temperatures corundum cylinder, electroplates radome, completely cut off the external electromagnetic interference to sensor, Shielding Case grounding, and be not turned on all electrodes on corundum cylinder excircle; Namely three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor is constituted.
2. according to claim 1 based on the three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor of ECT imaging system, it is characterised in that the axial height of described corundum cylinder is 200mm, inside radius 80mm, outer radius is 88mm, and pipe thickness is 8mm.
3. according to claim 1 based on the three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor of ECT imaging system, it is characterised in that described base electrode adopts resistant to elevated temperatures stainless steel material, and inner arc radius is 40mm, and outer arc radius is 80mm.
4. the detecting device of the three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor adopted described in claim 1 based on ECT imaging system, it is characterized in that, the base of three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor measures that electrode is insulated from each other to be not turned on, data collecting system is accessed by non-interfering data wire, constitute the measurement electrode of detection system, the interstage shielding layer of base electrode and radome and connect ground connection;Plasma flame burner is placed in three-dimensional full open model flame detection sensor, and connects on the breather between two effusion meters by breather; Wherein, an effusion meter is connected with methane gas tank by a stop valve; Another effusion meter is connected with decompressor and vacuum tank by another stop valve; Vacuum tank is equipped with Pressure gauge; Secondly data collecting system connects imaging system respectively and measures electrode.
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| WO2015118332A1 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2015-08-13 | Industrial Tomography Systems Plc | Measurement device and method |
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| WO2006102388A1 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-28 | The Ohio State University | 3d and real-time electrical capacitance volume-tomography: sensor design and image reconstruction |
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