CN105675072B - A kind of frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow - Google Patents
A kind of frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN105675072B CN105675072B CN201510809706.7A CN201510809706A CN105675072B CN 105675072 B CN105675072 B CN 105675072B CN 201510809706 A CN201510809706 A CN 201510809706A CN 105675072 B CN105675072 B CN 105675072B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to metering fields, especially a kind of frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow, including ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, energy converter, receiving portion circuit and single-chip microcontroller, the ultrasound wave transmitting circuit, energy converter and receiving portion circuit are sequentially connected composition closed loop, which is divided into fair current cycle frequency measuring circuit and circulated in countercurrent frequency measurement circuit；In apparatus of the present invention, the overall process of single-chip microcontroller control measuring ultrasonic wave flow, it is exported including starting, measurement, calculating and flow, wherein, the ultrasonic wave transmitting of first time is always triggered by the initiating trigger signal of single-chip microcontroller 1, and ultrasonic wave transmitting thereafter is then the echo feedback pulse signal triggering sent by the echo modulation device in receiving portion circuit；Single-chip microcontroller obtains fair current and circulated in countercurrent frequency, to calculate and export fluid flow.Apparatus of the present invention measurement accuracy having the same in gamut scope, the measurement suitable for heavy caliber and osculum run-off.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metering field, specifically a kind of frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow.
Background technique
There are many method, such as time difference method, frequency-difference method, difference methods etc. for ultrasonic measurement flow.Currently, ultrasound at home and abroad
It is mostly using time difference method in wave calorimeter.Time difference method is the propagation time by measurement ultrasonic wave fair current and adverse current in a fluid
Difference, to obtain detected fluid flow velocity.However, in small-bore flow measurement, since ultrasonic wave propagation distance is shorter, thus
It can be obtained △ t very little when measuring low flow velocity, only about several ns, this requires timing circuits must have ps grades of time
Otherwise the stability of resolving power and same time is difficult to ensure the measurement accuracy having the same in gamut scope.
In fact, this carrys out modern electronic technology if thinking one standard time clock with tens picosecond resolutions of design
It says and is nearly impossible.ACAM company provides another method, base when being generated using the transmission delay of logic gate, and opens
Issue a kind of TDC integrated circuit based on picosecond stage time interval and time measurement solution.But by TDC chip
Flow velocity measurement test prove, when different in flow rate, actual time difference measurement value discreteness is very big, especially several in low flow velocity
True value can not be differentiated.
The best way is exactly to use frequency-difference method, and it is more brought by measurement tiny time difference that it, which can fundamentally overcome,
Kind drawback.Frequency-difference method is improved a kind of advanced method on the basis of time difference method, it is to utilize " ring ring " technology will be ultrasonic
The wave fair current in a fluid or adverse current propagation time is converted to fair current or adverse current frequencies of propagation measures, is computed and seeks its frequency
Difference, and then obtain fluid flow rate.Currently, the working principle of ultrasonic flowmeter on the market is all based on time difference method,
Measurement accuracy in gamut scope has differences, and at home and abroad it has not been found that applying the practical dress of frequency-difference method measuring flow
It sets or relevant metering product, therefore, it is existing based on time difference method to solve to develop a frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow
Measuring device existing for defect be particularly important.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow, utilizes ultrasound
Wave " ring ring " technology, generates fair current and adverse current ring ring frequency (or cycle frequency), by asking it on ultrasonic wave propagation path
Difference on the frequency △ f between the two, to obtain detected fluid flow.Apparatus of the present invention are structurally reasonable, and the setting of frequency multiplier is significant
The resolution ratio for improving the difference on the frequency △ f in low flow velocity, the measurement accuracy having the same in gamut scope are suitable for big mouth
The measurement of diameter and osculum run-off.
The present invention provides a kind of frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow, including ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, energy converter, reception
Partial circuit and single-chip microcontroller, the ultrasound wave transmitting circuit, energy converter and receiving portion circuit are sequentially connected composition closed loop,
It is described ultrasound wave transmitting circuit include synchronous circuit, the ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I being connect with the synchronous circuit and
Ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II；The receiving portion circuit includes that sequentially connected simulation receives switch, conditioning circuit and echo tune
Device processed, the simulation receive switch and connect with energy converter, and the echo modulation device is connect with the synchronous circuit；
The synchronous circuit, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I, energy converter, simulation receive switch, conditioning circuit and echo modulation device
Constitute fair current cycle frequency measuring circuit；The synchronous circuit, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II, energy converter, simulation receive switch, adjust
It manages circuit and echo modulation device constitutes circulated in countercurrent frequency measurement circuit；
The single-chip microcontroller and the ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II, simulation receive switch connection, to
The ultrasound wave transmitting circuit I, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II, simulation receive switch and send control signal, the echo modulation device
It is connect with single-chip microcontroller, sends fair current cycle frequency and circulated in countercurrent frequency to single-chip microcontroller.
Preferably, described device further includes frequency multiplier, and the echo modulation device is connect with frequency multiplier, the frequency multiplier and institute
State single-chip microcontroller connection.
Specifically, the conditioning circuit includes sequentially connected reception amplifier, bandpass filter and echo zero passage detection
Device, the reception amplifier and the simulation receive switch connection, and the echo zero-crossing detector and the echo modulation device connect
It connects.
Specifically, the energy converter includes energy converter T1 and energy converter T2, and the energy converter T1 and energy converter T2 are mounted on
Measurement pipe the same side is simultaneously separated by a certain distance, and the ultrasound wave transmitting circuit I is connect with the energy converter T1, the ultrasonic wave hair
Transmit-receive radio road II is connect with the energy converter T2, can be by after the tube wall primary event of measurement pipe by the ultrasonic wave of energy converter T1
Energy converter T2 is received, and can be received by energy converter T1 after the tube wall primary event of measurement pipe by the ultrasonic wave of energy converter T2,
The energy converter T1 and energy converter T2 receives switch connection with the simulation respectively.
It further, is in 45 ° by the flow direction of fluid in the direction of propagation of the ultrasonic wave of energy converter T1 and measurement pipe
Angle, the flow direction by fluid in the direction of propagation of the ultrasonic wave of energy converter T2 and measurement pipe are in 135 ° of angles.
Further, the single-chip microcontroller has frequency counter and airflow calculator, and the frequency counter is used for suitable
Stream cycle frequency and circulated in countercurrent frequency measure, and the airflow calculator is used to calculate and export the flow of detected fluid.
Due to above-mentioned technical proposal, the invention has the following advantages: apparatus of the present invention utilize ultrasonic wave " ring ring " skill
Art generates fair current and adverse current ring ring frequency (or cycle frequency), by asking between both on ultrasonic wave propagation path
Difference on the frequency △ f, to obtain detected fluid flow.The setting of frequency multiplier significantly improves the difference on the frequency △ in low flow velocity in device
The resolution ratio of f, the measurement accuracy having the same in gamut scope, is highly suitable for the measurement of osculum run-off, has and surveys
The advantage that accuracy of measurement is reliable, operation is convenient.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to required in embodiment or description of the prior art in order to illustrate more clearly of technical solution of the present invention
The attached drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
Its attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic block circuit diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
In figure: 1- single-chip microcontroller, 2- synchronous circuit, 3- ultrasound wave transmitting circuit I, 4- ultrasound wave transmitting circuit II, 5- transducing
Device I, 6- energy converter II, 7- measurement pipe, 8- simulation receive switch, 9- reception amplifier, 10- bandpass filter, 11- echo zero passage
Detector, 12- echo modulation device, 13- frequency multiplier, 14- sound travel.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor it is obtained it is all its
His embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow of the present invention, including ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, energy converter,
Receiving portion circuit, frequency multiplier 13 and single-chip microcontroller 1, the ultrasound wave transmitting circuit, energy converter and receiving portion circuit successively connect
It connects, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, energy converter and receiving portion circuit and sound travel 14 constitute closed loop；
Wherein, the ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit includes synchronous circuit 2, the ultrasonic wave connecting with the synchronous circuit 2 transmitting
Circuit I 3 and ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II 4；The energy converter includes energy converter T15 and energy converter T26, the receiving portion circuit
Switch 8, conditioning circuit and echo modulation device 12 are received including sequentially connected simulation, the simulation receives switch 8 and energy converter 8
Connection, the echo modulation device 12 are connect with the synchronous circuit 2；
The synchronous circuit 2, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I 3, energy converter T15, energy converter T26, simulation receive switch 8, conditioning
Circuit and echo modulation device 12 constitute fair current cycle frequency measuring circuit；The synchronous circuit 2, changes ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II 4
It can device T26, energy converter T15, simulation reception switch 8, conditioning circuit and the composition circulated in countercurrent frequency measurement electricity of echo modulation device 12
Road；
The single-chip microcontroller 1 receives switch 8 and connects with the ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I 3, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II 4, simulation
It connects, receives switch 8 to the ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I 3, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II 4, simulation and send control signal；Described time
Wave modulator 12 is connect with single-chip microcontroller 1, sends fair current cycle frequency and circulated in countercurrent frequency to single-chip microcontroller 1；The frequency multiplier 13
It is connect respectively with echo modulation device 12 and single-chip microcontroller 1.
The conditioning circuit includes sequentially connected reception amplifier 9, bandpass filter 10 and echo zero-crossing detector 11,
The reception amplifier 9 receives switch 8 with the simulation and connect, the echo zero-crossing detector 11 and the echo modulation device 12
Connection.
The energy converter T15 and energy converter T26 is mounted on 7 the same side of measurement pipe and is separated by a certain distance, the ultrasonic wave
Transmit circuit I 3 is connect with the energy converter T15, and the ultrasound wave transmitting circuit II 4 is connect with the energy converter T26, by changing
The ultrasonic wave of energy device T15 can be received after the tube wall primary event of measurement pipe 7 by energy converter T26, pass through the super of energy converter T26
Sound wave can be received after the tube wall primary event of measurement pipe 7 by energy converter T15, the energy converter T15 and energy converter T26 difference
Switch 8 is received with the simulation to connect.
Further, it is in by the flow direction of the direction of propagation of the ultrasonic wave of energy converter T15 and fluid in measurement pipe 7
45 ° of angles, the flow direction by fluid in the direction of propagation of the ultrasonic wave of energy converter T26 and measurement pipe 7 are in 45 ° of angles.
In above-mentioned apparatus, the overall process of measuring ultrasonic wave flow, including starting, measurement, calculating and stream are controlled by single-chip microcontroller 1
Amount output；Synchronous circuit 2 triggers ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I 3 or ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II 4 for synchronous, and passes through measurement pipe 7
On energy converter T15 or energy converter T26 to detected fluid send ultrasonic wave；Simulation receives switch 8 for switching fair current or adverse current
Echo-signal input；It is filtered, removes after reception amplifier 9 amplifies echo-signal and by bandpass filter 10
Noise and interference signal；Echo zero-crossing detector 11 is used for zero passage detection, and analog echo signal is converted to echo pulse signal；
Echo modulation device 12 generates feedback pulse after modulating echo pulse signal, triggers ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I by synchronous circuit 2
3 or ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II 4, to establish fair current or circulated in countercurrent frequency f1Or f2；Range multiplier 13 is by f1Or f2Frequency is multiplied by one
A factor generates N times of f1Or f2Frequency, i.e. Nf1Or Nf2Frequency, and using the frequency as synchronous counting clock, by single-chip microcontroller 1
Middle frequency counter is to f1Or f2Frequency measures, and then difference on the frequency is obtained by calculating, further according to requency sampling fjlter fluid operator stream
It measures and is output to outside.
It is constituted in closed loop in ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, energy converter and receiving portion circuit, the ultrasonic wave of first time is sent out
Firing association is triggered by the initiating trigger signal of single-chip microcontroller 1, and ultrasonic wave transmitting thereafter is sent by echo modulation device 12
Echo feedback pulse signal triggering.
Embodiment two
The work of frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow, single-chip microcontroller 1 sends initiating trigger to synchronous circuit 2, and controls
The ultrasonic unlatching of wave transmitting circuit I 3, the ultrasonic closing of wave transmitting circuit II 4 are made, while receiving the transmission control information of switch 8 to simulation,
Control simulation receives switching to fair current echo-signal and inputs.Ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I 3 passes through energy converter T15 to measured stream
Body sends ultrasonic wave, and ultrasonic wave generates echo-signal after the tube wall primary event of measurement pipe 7 and received by energy converter T26, changed
Can device T26 echo-signal be sent to simulation receive switch 8, the conditioned circuit of the echo-signal and the modulation of echo modulation device 12
Echo feedback pulse is generated afterwards, and the echo feedback pulse trigger synchronous circuits 2 work, in fair current cycle frequency measuring circuit
By M transmitting, reception and feedback procedure, so that stable pulse cycle is established on ultrasonic wave propagation path, two echoes
The time interval of pulse is pulse cycle, and inverse is pulse cycle frequency, therefore, according to two echo feedback pulses
Time interval the cycle frequency f of downbeam can be calculated1。
Later, single-chip microcontroller 1 controls that ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II 4 is opened, ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I 3 is closed, while to simulation
It receives switch 8 and sends control information, control simulation receives switching to adverse current echo-signal and inputs.Ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II
4 send ultrasonic wave to detected fluid by energy converter T26, and ultrasonic wave generates echo letter after the tube wall primary event of measurement pipe 7
Number and received by energy converter T15, echo-signal is sent to simulation and receives switch 8 by energy converter T15, and the echo-signal is conditioned
Circuit and echo modulation device 12 generate echo feedback pulse after modulating, the echo feedback pulse trigger synchronous circuits 2 work,
By M transmitting, reception and feedback procedure on circulated in countercurrent frequency measurement circuit, by multiple circulated in countercurrent in ultrasonic wave
Stable pulse cycle is established on propagation path, and countercurrent direction is calculated according to the time interval of two echo feedback pulses
Cycle frequency f2。
Frequency multiplier 13 is by the cycle frequency f of downbeam1With the cycle frequency f of countercurrent direction2It is multiplied by a multiplying power factor N,
Obtain Nf1And Nf2；By the frequency counter in single-chip microcontroller 1 respectively to f1And f2It measures, obtains Nf1And Nf2Frequency measurement
Value, then by N △ f, N △ f=Nf is calculated1-Nf2；Further detected fluid is calculated according to N △ f in single-chip microcontroller 1
Flow velocityIn formula, N is multiplier parameter, and k is flow correction coefficient, and L is ultrasonic wave in detected fluid
Propagation distance (i.e. sound channel length)；θ is incidence and the reflection angle of ultrasonic transducer；△ f be fair current and adverse current frequency it
Difference.According to the flow velocity of detected fluid, in conjunction with conduit cross-sectional area S and time t, the flow of fluid can be acquired.
Apparatus of the present invention are using frequency-difference method measuring flow, the △ f resolution ratio with higher in gamut flow rates, i.e.,
Make to be the difference on the frequency that can also obtain several hundred mH in very low flow velocity；The measurement accuracy of frequency-difference method not fully depends on point of △ f
△ f can be increased to N times of △ f resolution ratio by multiplier parameter even if △ f is smaller by resolution；The frequency counting of frequency-difference method
Device does not need very high resolution ratio, and the resolution ratio of usual 1Hz can fully meet high-precision frequency measurement；Frequency-difference method is simultaneously
It is not limited to measurement osculum run-off, and it is equally applicable for measurement heavy caliber flow.
Apparatus of the present invention can be applied to flowmeter, calorimeter, water meter, gas meter, flow meter etc., these applications are encompassed by the present invention
Protection scope in.
Above disclosed be only a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, cannot limit the present invention's certainly with this
Interest field, therefore equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention, are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow, which is characterized in that including ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, energy converter, reception
Partial circuit and single-chip microcontroller (1), the ultrasound wave transmitting circuit, energy converter and receiving portion circuit are sequentially connected composition close ring
Road,
The ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I that the ultrasound wave transmitting circuit includes synchronous circuit (2), connect with the synchronous circuit (2)
(3) and ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II (4)；The receiving portion circuit includes that sequentially connected simulation receives switch (8), conditioning electricity
Road and echo modulation device (12), the simulation receive switch (8) and connects with energy converter, the echo modulation device (12) with it is described together
Step circuit (2) connection；
The synchronous circuit (2), ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I (3), energy converter, simulation receive switch (8), conditioning circuit and echo
Modulator (12) constitutes fair current cycle frequency measuring circuit；The synchronous circuit (2), ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II (4), transducing
Device, simulation receive switch (8), conditioning circuit and echo modulation device (12) and constitute circulated in countercurrent frequency measurement circuit；
The single-chip microcontroller (1) and the ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I (3), ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II (4), simulation receive switch (8)
Connection receives switch (8) to the ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit I (3), ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit II (4), simulation and sends control letter
Number, the echo modulation device (12) connect with single-chip microcontroller (1), sends fair current cycle frequency and circulated in countercurrent frequency to single-chip microcontroller (1)
Rate.
2. frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described device further includes times
Frequency device (13), the echo modulation device (12) connect with frequency multiplier, and the frequency multiplier (13) connect with the single-chip microcontroller (1).
3. frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the conditioning circuit
Including sequentially connected reception amplifier (9), bandpass filter (10) and echo zero-crossing detector (11), the reception amplifier
(9) it receives switch (8) with the simulation to connect, the echo zero-crossing detector (11) connect with the echo modulation device (12).
4. frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the energy converter packet
Energy converter T1 (5) and energy converter T2 (6) are included, the energy converter T1 (5) and energy converter T2 (6) are mounted on measurement pipe (7) the same side
And be separated by a certain distance, the ultrasound wave transmitting circuit I (3) connect with the energy converter T1 (5), the ultrasound wave transmitting circuit
II (4) are connect with the energy converter T2 (6), through the ultrasonic wave of energy converter T1 (5) after the tube wall primary event of measurement pipe (7)
It can be received by energy converter T2 (6), it can after the tube wall primary event of measurement pipe (7) by the ultrasonic wave of energy converter T2 (6)
It is received by energy converter T1 (5), the energy converter T1 (5) and energy converter T2 (6) receive switch (8) with the simulation respectively and connect.
5. frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow according to claim 4, which is characterized in that pass through energy converter T1 (5)
The direction of propagation of ultrasonic wave and the flow direction of fluid in measurement pipe (7) be in 45 ° of angles, pass through the ultrasound of (6) energy converter T2
The flow direction of fluid is in 45 ° of angles in the direction of propagation and measurement pipe (7) of wave.
6. frequency difference formula device for measuring ultrasonic wave flow according to claim 1, which is characterized in that single-chip microcontroller (1) tool
There are frequency counter and airflow calculator, the frequency counter is for surveying fair current cycle frequency and circulated in countercurrent frequency
Amount, the airflow calculator are used to calculate and export the flow of detected fluid.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106483327B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2023-01-31 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Ultrasonic wind measuring system and method |
| CN106771347B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-08-09 | 内蒙古工业大学 | A kind of frequency sweep type ultrasonic wind measurement method |
| CN106546296A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-03-29 | 北京捷成世纪科技股份有限公司 | A kind of measuring ultrasonic wave flow circuit that can reduce zero point error and drift |
| CN106996811A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-08-01 | 山东思达特测控设备有限公司 | A kind of metering method of the intelligent liquid ultrasonic low of high accuracy |
| CN111239850A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-05 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Device and method for detecting blockage of spray head |
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| US4308754A (en) * | 1979-10-19 | 1982-01-05 | Panametrics, Inc. | Ultrasonic flowmeter |
| CN85205330U (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1987-01-14 | 武汉市自动化研究所 | Plug-type ultrasonic flowmeter |
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