CN1056727C - Application of liquid mixture of soluble substances and product to suppress moldfungus and dust in grains and animal feed - Google Patents
Application of liquid mixture of soluble substances and product to suppress moldfungus and dust in grains and animal feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN1056727C CN1056727C CN91111904A CN91111904A CN1056727C CN 1056727 C CN1056727 C CN 1056727C CN 91111904 A CN91111904 A CN 91111904A CN 91111904 A CN91111904 A CN 91111904A CN 1056727 C CN1056727 C CN 1056727C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a dissoluble substance. The dissoluble substance can be used for grains, animal feeds, animal feed ingredients, hay or poultry garbage to inhibit the transportation or the diffusion of moisture, the moisture coagulation in the vicinity of article container walls due to the temperature difference day and night, the moisture coagulation in the vicinity of barn walls or storage tower walls due to season temperature difference, the transportation or the diffusion of the moisture by mycetes generated by the moisture coagulation, and the formation of drying belts and the fine dust generation in articles. When the dissoluble substance is used for inhibiting the transportation or the diffusion of the moisture in feedboxes, etc. The consolidation and the adherence of the articles in the vicinity of the container walls and the container doors are simultaneously inhibited, which guarantees the articles to smoothly pass through barn doors.
Description
The present invention relates to the article and the method for mould fungus inhibition, also relate to and handling and using certain this also has the thing such as the cereal of the problem of going mouldy, the prevention of the harmful micronic dust that is produced when animal feed, animal feed ingredient and hay etc.
A. mould problems
At foodstuff, particularly cereal, animal feed, ubiquity the problem of seriously going mouldy that produces in animal feed ingredient and the hay.This problem is very serious and adult to be had.In the torrid areas of thing hemisphere, higher humidity causes unnecessary moisture, and these things also can absorb into moisture when transportation when storing.
The problem of going mouldy is also more serious in temperate zone and frigid zone, because day and night the temperature difference is very big usually in these areas.In some area, temperate zone.Special spring and autumn, the temperature difference can be up to 20 °F, and in these areas, and the harvest season in autumn, at this moment cereal begins to store and thing followed winter, at this moment store and continue, and perhaps the temperature difference between other storages periods is bigger.
The reason that mould becomes serious problems is that they can produce danger, mycotoxin, and some of them are carcinogens.For example, common mould, aspergillus flavus can produce the mycotoxin aflatoxin, and it also can interference immuning system produces the ability of gamma Globulin except having other poisonous effect, and this protein is an immune part.The animal of feasible these mould materials of having eaten of immune destruction is easy to be subjected to the infringement of various diseases.
The spore of mould ubiquity in air is a moisture in the object but make its prolific principal element in object.As everyone knows, if be less than 13.5 percent as the moisture content in the article such as cereal or feed on weight, then the fertility of mould is subjected to great restriction, and the harm of mould just seldom even establish much relations.If but moisture content is higher than 13.5 percent, object is just increased rapidly by the infringement of mold propagates.For example, the mould fungus inhibition composition that contains propionate to definition in applicant's the what is called " related application ", the applicant has described operating position, if moisture content is percent 14 to 16 by weight, article then per ton will be with 3 to 4 pounds, if moisture content is percent 16 to 18, article then per ton will be with 4 to 6 pounds.If moisture content is percent 18 to 20, then will be with 5 to 7 pounds.Moisture content only improves percent 4, and required mould mortifier but will increase by 30 percent just can reach the purpose of controlling mold propagates satisfactorily.
Just because of mould depends on the moisture content that resembles the such material of cereal and feed to a great extent, thereby the main means of control mold propagates are the moisture contents of restriction object always in the document, preferably are no more than 13.5 percent.The best example of general this method is traditional method, promptly preparing that grain storage is advanced Gu Lunshi, it is dried, and makes its moist degree reduce to percent 13 under 14.
Yet,, but have some serious problems although the moist degree of this restriction is very effective with the method that resists mold propagates.For example, make its moist degree reduce to percent 13 in order to preserve just cereal to be dried, but behind the corn drying, the quality of its raising and nutrition meeting suffer damage to 14, in order to improve raising quality and the nutrition of feed, after taking out from storage, cereal also to make it damp again in certain areas to ox.Yet, be subjected to after cereal was dried damply again, the quality of its raising and nutrition still can reduce.Dry damp method so again and also have other shortcomings, it can increase the price of cereal.
No matter whether the moist degree by weight of cereal, feed or feed ingredient less than percent 13 to 14, still there is serious problem, promptly in the storage in enormous quantities of cereal, feed or feed ingredient or when transporting, no matter be in the paddy logical sequence, storage tower, jar, feedbox, railway carriage, in lorry, barge, the freighter etc., the bigger temperature difference can appear at their relatively warm center band and colder marginal belt, moisture will be moved to colder marginal belt from warm center band, and condense gradually at marginal belt, the result makes mould be easy to generate there.When these article short-term in jar, feedbox, barge or freighter was preserved or transported, day and night the temperature difference was bigger, and when being higher than 20-40 °F, situation also is like this.Span was bigger at that time, and cereal is housed in granary or the storage tower, and will spends cold winter after harvesting in the autumn of gentleness, and situation also is like this.At this moment, the grain mass ectonexine season the temperature difference may be very big, particularly in the hinterland as the plateau of the U.S. and Canada West.
For since day and night the temperature difference and at jar, the moisture migration problem of cereal, feed or the feed ingredient of top box or storage a middle or short term of other containers is arranged, the temperature difference can reduce the temperature of chamber wall, makes that the temperature difference between chamber wall and the article wherein strengthens.Hydrone has such characteristics, promptly shift to colder area from warm area, hydrone will pass grain mass from the center of grain mass and flow to colder chamber wall like this, has so just increased near the wetness of chamber wall, and has increased the media of the local grow mold of that sheet greatly.Particularly, humidity makes too greatly when moisture condenses that problem is just very big on chamber wall.Under many situations, the moisture of cohesion can fall into the cereal from vessel top, except the generation that causes mould, has also damaged the quality of cereal in other respects.Continuously through several temperature difference up to 20-40 night after, the mould spore of having deposited can become more active, fertility is stronger.
Even, think traditionally and can avoid mould problems less than 13.5 percent cereal, feed or feed ingredient for moisture capacity, but after the night bigger through several temperature difference, near the wetness the chamber wall also can improve gradually, mould problems can occur equally.
When near the cereal the chamber wall, feed or feed ingredient local problem occurs and after being affected, expand to gradually possibly in the bigger scope of cereal heap of storage.Even document shows that a small pieces of wet piece can cause that also whole heap cereal or feed produce mould or other unfavorable factors in the cereal of storage or the feed heap.
When moisture content also appears at shipping compression hay cock to the problem of colder chamber wall migration.When hay transoceanically transports, in heaps the hay compression usually, be placed on shipping in enormous quantities in the steel container then.For example, the applicant just knows has a company to transport hay like this.Hay will be compressed in heaps, must require certain humidity, and for example humidity is percent 15-16 by weight.If humidity is comparatively even in whole hay cock,, can not cause bigger mould problems in the navigation in tropical 2-3 week.But when ocean navigation, day and night the temperature difference is bigger, and like this, moisture can greatly increase near the moist degree of chamber wall from relatively warm mid portion migration to chamber wall, makes these local hays go mouldy.
Known to the applicant, that at first mention cereal moisture a middle or short term migration problem in the literature is article " The Formation of Dew on aCooled Surface in contact with wheat " (the J.Stored prod.Res. of R.W.Disney, 1969, vol.5, pp.281-288.Perganon Press, Printedin Great Britain), a series of tests that Disney did described in this piece article, proof moisture warm mid portion from big dung heap is moved to colder chamber wall, Disney shows in this piece article, originally cereal and atmosphere on every side are balances, but when vessel surface turns cold, the temperature of contiguous cereal descends, and balance is broken as a result, makes the cereal of vessel surface draw moisture content from air.
Owing to begin to preserve and the seasonal temperature difference of the thing followed between winter at cereal, with as equipment such as granary or storage tower preserve the migration problem that cereal has moisture equally for a long time, as detailed above with jar, when having top box etc. to carry out short.The problem of going mouldy at the equipment that is used for preserving over a long time is the same serious with the canister that is used for the short-term storage at least, perhaps more very, because time span is big more, it is many more that near the wall of storage facilities cereal absorbs the time of moisture, also owing to the storage of cereal in such equipment is also bigger.Problem is just more serious when cereal will be preserved the several years.
Known to the applicant, there are two pieces of early stage articles to recognize long-term moisture migration problem, but all fail to provide practical solution.First piece is the The Effect.of Temperature Differentialon the Moisture Content of Stored Wheat that nineteen forty-three Andersonet al is write " (Cana-dian Journal of Research; vol.21; Sec.C, pp.297-306).The granary outbuildings of Canada West told about in this piece article, and one of them can adorn 30,000 bushels, and these outbuildingss are put into the barley of the low moisture capacity of high-quality in autumn, without any ventilation equipment.When spring comes, it is found that the cereal surface in many such outbuildingss, had the damp grain layer of thick 1-2 foot, make moist degree reach percent 16-18.Only way is that the cereal of evil in damaged condition is removed, the remaining sootiness of using.The method of prevention is very coarse, comprises some ventilation equipment, and these logical negative equipment are closed in the sleet sky, and if the moist degree increase on surface, just they are shoveled again and dry.Barley has been done the experiment of long span.Beginning moist degree all is 14.6 percent.After 316 days, the driest its wetness of sample that takes out from the warm part of big dung heap is 10.9 percent, and the moist degree of the moistest sample that colder part is taken out from big dung heap is percent 29.6.
Second piece of article of relevant this problem is T.A.Oxley " The Move-ment of Heat and Water in Stored Grain " (Am.Ass.Cer.Chem., Transactions 6:84-100 (1948)).To one section of 98 top margin, Oxley provides a good discussion to following mechanism at the 96th page of final stage: when promptly each several part had the temperature difference in the cereal heap, moisture content can be shifted to colder part from hot part.In 95 page second whole section, Oxley points out to exist such danger, and promptly in a pile cereal, the cereal of a small pieces humidity may cause the heating of whole heap cereal.Produce insect, and cause fungi to increase.He also sermonizes, and the life-span of in fact whole heap cereal is by wherein the moistest part decision.At 95 pages of final stages, Oxley points out, according to repeatedly observing, some damp grain piece can keep the several months in the cereal of drying heap, even the several years, and thinks common solution, promptly " lump " mixed mutually with dry cereal, " lump " dries cereal, is very coarse and inconvenient.
Other one piece of article is " the Diffusion of that Pixtont and Griffiths write
Moisture?Through Grain”(J.Stored?Prod.Res.，1971，vol.7，pp.133-152.Pergamon?Press，Printed?in?GreatBritain)。At 135 pages, they emphasize in cereal because the moisture that the temperature difference caused migration very much.For example: " the moisture migration that causes owing to the temperature difference is to produce the reason of going mouldy, lump, germinateing and rotting on warm cereal surface.Heating itself can offense of damage to corn trees and vegetable products, but it causes the moisture migration, and this be the main cause that causes crop damage (Oxley, 1948a).How the importance of moisture emphasizes part only again when grain storage, transportation and processing.It is a cereal, and important project in the technology, moist degree have determined whether the cereal of storage can go bad ".
B. micronic dust problem
When above said those materials are used, handle and preserve,, but also exist the micronic dust problem except the meeting problem of going mouldy.
Micronic dust in animal feed or feed ingredient is a ubiquitous problem, and it is the potential cause that causes as animal product pneumonia such as horse, ox, pig, sheep and poultry.For example, known to the applicant, in the feed of poultry, just there is the micronic dust problem.The poultry feed particle that spills can be air-dry.Break, may cause the respiratory illness after being converted into micronic dust small bird inspiration micronic dust, as aspergillus disease.
The rubbish that draws of poultry also can produce the dust problem.Rubbish is easily by air-dry and produce micronic dust, can occur after the small bird inspiration and same disease that the feed micronic dust causes.
Micronic dust also is the problem that cereal runs into when preserving in as granary always.Micronic dust is to produce when used screw conveyor is transported granary with cereal usually, and the skin of the drying of grain can be kicked up becomes micronic dust.This makes the air layer of granary very bad, and a large amount of dust produces and spreads in the air of granary.If, in order to prevent to go mouldy, being lower than percent 13-14 and before storage, cereal is dried the moist degree of decyl, this problem is just more serious.
C. adhesion and solidification problem
When handling cereal and feed, also have another one problem, i.e. their easy adhesions and fixed.Moisture moves near the wall of storage box comprises chamber door from the inside of cereal or feed.When the circulation of air condition was relatively poor, cereal or feed meeting inspiration moisture spontaneously caused heating; The result produces more moisture.The accumulation of moisture causes fixed and adhesion, causes condensing of cereal or feed like this, and it can not unimpededly be flowed, and when door is opened, also can hinder flowing of cereal and feed.This problem is very general, will put a rubber mallet near the most of feedboxes of the U.S., when cereal or feed begin to flow, allows its bump tank wall and makes fixed and adhesion is scattered.
At top said problem and some other problem, basic purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method and composition to be suppressed at the breeding of mould in cereal, animal feed, animal feed ingredient and the hay etc.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method and composition to suppress cereal, the micronic dust that animal feed, animal feed ingredient and poultry garbage produce.
Purpose of the present invention also provides the distribution of a kind of method and composition with control cereal, animal feed, feed ingredient or hay moisture when preserving or transport.
Purpose of the present invention also has, for large batch of cereal, animal feed, the storage of feed ingredient or hay or transport, provide a kind of method and composition with suppress moisture from warm internal migration to colder skin, the migration of moisture is because the temperature difference between warm inside and the colder skin causes.
Purpose of the present invention also has, and at cereal, the problem of the local moisture cohesion that when storage of animal feed, feed ingredient and hay and transportation because the warm inside and the colder outer field temperature difference produce proposes a kind of solution of practicality first.
The object of the invention also has, propose first to solve the moisture migration problem that the temperature difference causes before the container of a kind of method and composition with pack at cereal, animal feed, feed ingredient and hay storage or transportation, here the moisture migration problem just was prevented from before might producing, rather than just solved after producing infringement.
The present invention also provides a kind of new this inhibitor of mould inhibitor also to have the characteristics that can suppress micronic dust well simultaneously.When method provided by the invention being used for cereal, animal feed, feed ingredient or hay, but the both formation of mould fungus inhibition and breedings can suppress the generation of micronic dust again.
The present invention also provides the inhibitor of a kind of mould and dust, and it both can prevent that poultry feed from mildewing, and can prevent that again poultry feed and rubbish from producing harmful micronic dust, can cause the disease of respiratory apparatus behind these micronic dusts of small bird inspiration.
The present invention also provides a kind of mould and micronic dust inhibitor, and this inhibitor is used for cereal, can prevent storage or when transportation cereal go mouldy the potential micronic dust that harm is arranged of generation in the time of can preventing also that screw spreader from transporting in granary or the storage tower storage with cereal.
The present invention also provides the method and composition of a kind of mould fungus inhibition and micronic dust, and it can be used to prevent the cereal in the canister and the fixed and adhesion of animal feed.
The present invention is further, and more specifically purpose provides a kind of solution, and it comprises one or more dissolved substances, can be used to the growth of mould fungus inhibition and prevents the generation of micronic dust.
Further aim of the present invention provides a kind of solution, the growth of its energy mould fungus inhibition and the generation of micronic dust.This solution comprises at least a magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, manganese chloride, iron chloride and the zinc chloride dissolved substance of being selected from as basic active ingredient.
Further aim of the present invention provides a kind of solution, but the generation of its mould fungus inhibition and dust.This solution comprises at least a dissolved substance as its main activity chemistry composition, and this dissolved substance is selected from ammonium citrate, calcium chlorate, calcium chloride, calcium iodide, calcium nitrite, ammonium chloride cobalt, cobaltous iodide, copper chlorate, copper nitrate, iron chloride, ferric lactate, ferric nitrate, iron iodide, magnesium ammonium chloride, magnesium chlorate, magnesium chloride, magnesium iodide, magnesium nitrate, potassium magnesium, manganese chloride, manganese oxide, manganese sulphate, phosphoric acid, phosphorous oxide, potassium acetate, potash, potassium iodide, potassium phosphate, niter cake, STANNOUS SULPHATE CRYSTALLINE and zinc chloride.
Further purpose of the present invention provides under the various temperature difference and damp condition the amount ranges of the dissolved substance of mould fungus inhibition and micronic dust effectively.
Further purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and composition for the storage of cereal, animal feed, feed ingredient and hay and transportation, and it can suppress moisture colder top layer migration to the adjacent vessel wall from the warm inside of cereal, feed, feed ingredient or hay cock effectively.It during both to storage in canister or transportation cereal, feed, feed ingredient or hay because day and night the short-term temperature difference that causes of the temperature difference is effective, effective to cereal again in the long-term temperature difference that stands during storage in granary or the storage tower as the autumn and winter season temperature difference.
Further purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method and composition, it can suppress moisture and move from failing to the colder top layer of adjacent vessel wall than warm inside of cereal, feed, feed ingredient or hay cock, it can prevent the cohesion of moisture and the breeding of thing followed mould effectively, and no matter reserve substance relatively dry thereby need be with the mould inhibitor as propionate (wetness is approximately less than 13.5 percent usually) whether, also no matter reserve substance moist (wetness is greater than 13.5 percent) thereby need the interpolation mould inhibitor relatively whether.
According to the present invention, a kind of solvent that comprises one or more dissolved substances can be used for cereal, animal feed, feed ingredient or hay and move from warm inside to the colder top layer that is adjacent to chamber wall is defeated with the moisture that suppresses to be included in reserve substance before storage.When article to be processed in order to preserve or to transport in the container of packing into and when bearing bigger day and night temperature, this method can suppress moisture and agglutinate near chamber wall, and then the generation of mould fungus inhibition and breeding.Equally, when article to be processed are housed in granary or the storage tower, this method can suppress in the article moisture since bigger season temperature save and near the wall of storage facilities, agglutinate, thereby the generation of mould fungus inhibition and breeding.
Move by suppressing the defeated of moisture, deliquescence solution of the present invention can be suppressed at cereal, the formation of the dry zone in animal feed, feed ingredient, hay or the poultry garbage, thereby suppress their generation micronic dusts.Under the situation of animal feed and poultry garbage, deliquescence solution of the present invention can prevent the disease of serious and respiratory apparatus on the zoogenetic infection to the inhibition of micronic dust.When with screw conveyor cereal fortune being gone to preserve, the defeated inhibition that moves can make the maintenance of cereal surface moistening to solution of the present invention to moisture, the micronic dust that produces when therefore suppressing to transmit, and then the inhibition storage facilities produces the air layer that is full of micronic dust.
Further, in the metal storage container as the metal feedbox, the solution of the present invention feed that the defeated inhibition that moves also can suppress to be store to moisture is at chamber wall, produce fixed and adhesion near comprising container door, thereby allow feed or cereal keep unimpeded mobile condition, make container door keep clean, cereal or feed can unimpededly flow out by container door.
Dissolved material in the solution of the present invention may be one or more in a large amount of dissolved substance that will mention in describing in detail in the back, but one or more dissolved substances of still therefrom selecting are formed comprising magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, manganese chloride, iron chloride and zinc chloride preferably.
Product of the present invention is that mould and micronic dust still suppress solution, and this inhibition solution is used in particular for storage, transportation and the processing of cereal, animal feed, animal feed composition and hay, also is used for animal rubbish, still utilizes as poultry garbage.Method of the present invention is included in the step of effectively using effective dose solution of the present invention in cereal, animal feed, animal feed composition, hay or the poultry garbage, with the migration of moisture in the inhibition product, and mould is propagated the moisture of gathering and the zone of micronic dust diffusion mummification all can be avoided by this product.
The animal feed composition comprises soyabean cake, groundnut cake, cotton cake, cocoa-nut cake meat pie and fish cake, and this is to illustrate, rather than restriction.
Also exist mould problems in cereal, animal feed, animal feed composition and the hay, think traditionally only in humid climate, to have this problem.Yet; the applicant determines; no matter in storehouse, groove, barge, steamer, store or transportation cereal, animal feed, feed composition or hay; also regardless of humidity; the big short-term moisture migration that might take place between round the clock causes that with regular meeting moisture changes on wall of a container; produce the moisture cohesion of periphery, this will cause the mould diffusion.
Similarly, there is cereal to be stored in granary or the place of storage in the tower, regardless of humidity; the big long-term variations in temperature that between common autumn of storing of cereal and winter in succession, takes place; regular meeting is caused that the moisture on granary or the storage tower wall moves, produce the moisture cohesion of periphery, cause the mould diffusion.In the period of ensuing storage, similarly big seasonal temperature variation comprises this problem cumulatively.
With relevant micronic dust problems such as cereal, animal feed, animal feed composition, hays, be regarded as drying, low humidity Climatic issues traditionally, the common skill in its technology will not can take into account product of the present invention and the method that the mould that moisture is propagated has special role also might be used in particular for micronic dust.In the present invention, new product and method not only can be controlled the propagation of mould effectively, and show simultaneously and generally be regarded as opposite function, promptly control micronic dust effectively, and the present invention can optionally be used for cereal, feed, feed composition and hay deposit, suppress and control mould and/or micronic dust generation and diffusion, all effective to the cereal, feed, feed composition and the hay that are deposited in any environment.
Product of the present invention is a kind of solution of alkaline soluble materials.This dissolved substance preferably comprises one or more in magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, manganese chloride, iron chloride and the zinc chloride.These are present suitable dissolved matters, however, dissolved substance also may be one or more in the following material, comprising ammonium citrate, calcium chlorate, calcium chloride, calcium iodide, calcium nitrite, ammonium chloride cobalt, cobaltous iodide, copper chlorate, copper nitrate, iron chloride, ferric lactate, ferric nitrate, iron iodide, magnesium ammonium chloride, magnesium chlorate, magnesium chloride, magnesium iodide, magnesium nitrate, potassium magnesium, manganese chloride, manganese oxide, manganese sulphate, phosphoric acid, phosphorous oxide, potassium acetate, potash, potassium iodide, potassium phosphate, weight sodium sulfate, STANNOUS SULPHATE CRYSTALLINE and zinc chloride.
All these alkaline soluble materials all are edible, therefore are applicable to cereal, animal feed and the hay that is intended to the mankind and/or animal consumption.The aqueous solution of above-mentioned alkaline soluble materials is suitable, but other solution also can use.
Opposite with those skilled in the art's expectation, applicant's DDGS solution product provides the function of many cooperations---at least wherein part be do not expected with order from being taken aback.The strong absorbing capacity of dissolved matter solution of the present invention has stoped the vaporize from the water of cereal, feed, feed composition, hay, poultry foreign material or other products that the present invention used effectively.New function of the present invention has following result: (1) is on short term basis, DDGS solution of the present invention has stoped the hydrone evaporation from the interior zone of relatively hot of grain mass, animal feed heap, feed composition heap, hay cock etc., stop this moisture evaporated to shift to cold relatively zone, wall as contiguous reservoir, the transport case that comprises groove, storehouse, truck, train, barge, steamer etc., under the weather conditions that daytime and night air temperature differ greatly, prevent the material of handling store and transportation on contiguous chamber wall, produce moist and mould propagation; (2) similarly, on long-term basis, DDGS solution prevention of the present invention is stored in granary, the evaporation of hydrone in the zone of the inner relatively hot of grain mass in the storage tower, shift to contiguous bulkhead and the relative cold wall of storage tower with this evaporation water molecule, exist under the weather conditions different between the temperature in cereal storage (normally having a moderate climate autumn) and ensuing terribly cold winter than atmosphere temperature-difference, the moisture that stops contiguous bulkhead of handled thing thing lay up period and storage tower wall to produce, the propagation of mould, and the present invention also can prevent the formation at the wet area of ensuing cereal lay up period with temperature difference in big season; (3) surfaces such as DDGS solution cereal of the present invention, feed, feed composition, poultry garbage produce the micronic dust of doing, surface at these materials, under situation without product of the present invention, moist can the evaporation, produce dust when not depositing product of the present invention, when these dust of animal inspiration, may damage, maybe may cause the storage areas of granary or storage tower to produce air disaster, that increase severely; (4) DDGS solution of the present invention stops the increase of regional area moisture, and the increase of this moisture may cause mould inhibitor invalid.
DDGS solution of the present invention has fully new and unexpected function in the storage of cereal, animal feed and animal feed composition, this function is just in time opposite with the desired dissolved matter proper function of those skilled in the art.Well-known soluble substance has very strong absorptivity to moisture, therefore can estimate, applicant's DDGS solution can easily absorb the moisture that has in the air when opening and closing hold-up vessel or warehouse or storage tower each time, the moisture of air can improve constantly the moist degree in cereal, feed or the feed composition, and then making moisture be increased to certain degree, cereal, feed or feed composition can cause the propagation of mould easily when the time comes.Yet, applicant's DDGS solution is evenly distributed in cereal, feed or the feed composition usually, do not find that as yet cereal, feed or feed composition increase greatly because of the moist composition that the air in container or warehouse or storage tower brings, even the capping of these reservoirs or other close mouth are constantly opened and close also harmless again.It is believed that, this is because compare with the amount of cereal, feed or feed composition, only need seldom the present invention still the DDGS solution amount just can play it satisfactorily and stop water to move, for example, as what hereinafter go through, a certain amount of this DDGS solution in the time of in being uniformly scattered onto cereal, feed or feed composition in fact, is given the no water soluble substance composition in the solution that cereal per ton, feed or feed composition provide about 36 to 72 grammes per square metres.
The new inhibition moisture function of DDGS solution of the present invention will be discussed below in detail, wherein relate to nighttime temperature sharply the metal box temperature Change amplitude of decline place be approximately 20-40 °F, this is the situation in many weathers, particularly spring and autumn.Must recognize that the identical short-term moisture inhibit feature that the present invention possesses works in other wrapper, wherein feed and cereal are a large amount of in bulk, as be contained in the truck, train container, barge, steamer container, boat-carrying etc.Must recognize that also identical moist inhibit feature of the present invention also works, and exists big average seasonal temperature to descend, such as between autumn and winter in granary and storage tower in long-term cereal such as granary, storage tower are stored.
The new moisture migration inhibit feature of applicant's solubility solution applies in the feedbox, its raising middle flask metal nighttime temperature sharply descends, can cause the inner hydrone of heat to case moving usually of feed in the case, thereby improve the humidity of the feed of adjacent wall than the cold metal wall shift.For illustrate hydrone from than thermal region to mobility than cold surface, directly note this fact, in being contained in the cup of cold beverage, always a large amount of water coagulates in the outside of cup, although air is very dry.
If the moist degree of in this specialty feed or cereal that it has been generally acknowledged that can remain on account for weight 13.5 percent under, will not have substantial mould problems.Yet, even the moist degree of feed has only 13.5 percent or still less in the case, through several nights of 20-40 of temperature decline, hydrone from the feed center zone to the tank wall cumulative motion of (comprising case mouth wall), with the moist content increase that makes near the feed of wall, be higher than initial 13.5 percent or average water content still less, produce a large amount of mould problems in the periphery of case.When moisture reaches certain phase towards the motion of tank wall, can see promptly when moisture condenses in tank wall that at this moment can think has serious mould problems.
During the document that Oxley quotes from the above " is stored the motion of heat and water in the cereal " the 97th page is explained as follows this moist change mechanism:
" be in different temperature when a large amount of cereal have part, exist water from of the motion of heat part to cold part.Know that this phenomenon is that what how to take place is important.Said as preamble, temperature is smaller to the influence of cereal relative moisture balance, if it is hot on one side cold on one side therefore to be full of the airtight tube chamber of cereal, although there is thermograde, it is constant substantially that the relative air humidity in the tube chamber keeps.Yet, in any relative humidity, in the air of high temperature than containing more water vapour in the Cryogenic air.Therefore, the cereal on one side of tube chamber heat (certainty) usually discharges water vapour in air, and the cereal on cold one side must absorb some water vapours from air, and keeps relative humidity.So the temperature gradient in the tube chamber has been followed the corresponding gradient of air-water content for the first time.(words that add are drawn together with bracket).
" air constantly spreads in tube chamber.Not only by diffusion but also by convection current, hot-air constantly enters cold zone, and cold air enters hot zone.When being subjected to cooling off, the relative moisture of hot-air increases.Thereby must discharge some moisture content for peripherad cereal, so that make its humidity revert to suitable equilibrium valve.Conversely, the zone when entering heat absorbs moisture in the cold air cereal.Like this, in the tube chamber of different heat, air spreads or flows to cold zone, discharges moisture in cereal, and enters the regional air absorption moisture of heat.The lasting always cereal of this situation enough wets at cool region and enough does at thermal region, so that establishes cereal---the gradient of water content ".
There is amazing many water can carry out this motion of hydrone in the feed, even be lower than 13.5 percent level that may not produce mould that it has been generally acknowledged that at the moist content of feed to the feed tank wall.Like this, 13.5 percent moist content is exactly to contain 7.06 pounds water in 52 pounds of Pu Shi ear feeds, and this approximately is 3.5 quarts.If contain percent 16 moist composition in 52 pounds of Pu Shi ear cereal, this is common in boat-carrying cereal, and the content of water will reach 8.32 pounds, or about 1 gallon.Estimate problem to the huge molecular weight water of feed tank wall motion, 7.06 pounds water, i.e. the water content of 13.5 percent in the 1 Pu Shi ear feed (contains 6 * 10 in the heavy any material of 1 molecule according to the A Fujiadeluo constant
23Individual hydrone), 7.06 pounds water will contain 1.06 times 10
26Individual molecule, or 106,000,000,000,000 trillion hydrone.Therefore will find,, a large amount of molecular motion of hydrone can take place in the feed for a large amount of reduction of the temperature that spends the night reacted.
Water-soluble substance solution of the present invention has shockingly overcome this hydrone by the migration of feed to tank wall.The solubility solution of using of the present invention spreads in the feed heap in the case in fact equably, and the attraction of tank wall surface cool region is compared with temperature contrast, soluble substance has bigger affinity, so substantially limited the expection usually of people contemplated hydrone, the motion of carrying out because of temperature fluctuation to the cold wall of case.The result, utilize product of the present invention generally to spread in the feed equably, compare with the moist degree of feed of other parts in the case, the moist degree of the feed adjacent with tank wall is not significantly increased, regardless of the gradient of temperature difference XOR feed heap center and outer regions, and do not increase mould easily on the consequently contiguous tank wall.
The wet function of above-described moisture resistance of the present invention is not only applicable to cereal, animal feed, feed composition and hay, and is applicable to that any need prevent the material of mould, only needs utilization DDGS solution of the present invention.And the present invention is applicable to the various hays in various storages and the traffic condition, benefits to utilize an example of mould fungus inhibition of the present invention and the migration of moisture resistance gas to transport by sea on the ship of big copper vessel in the hay transportation.Exist in many zones of navigating very big daytime and night temperature contrast.This serious problem especially in the shipping from the U.S. to east, in the way sometimes the container on the ship in the daytime of standing several day heat of 2-3 in week, and quite cold night.More common materials, as cereal, be dried to the antifungi degree, the material that need inject about percent 15-16 humidity in the hay cabin is being pressed into the hay piece, and before using the present invention, the intensive like this forage grass of shipping exists serious mould problems always, because the temperature contrast at daytime and night, moisture in the hay collection dress piece is shifted on the wall of a container, and then has increased the moist degree near the chamber wall place, differently causes growing of mould.In short like this period, the moist degree of growing about needs percent 15-16 of mould in the hay piece, the humidity of percentage spreads to whole hay piece in fact equably if keeping like this, also is not enough to take place severe impairment.Add the mould fungus inhibition composition of chemistry, as propionate, can this moist content of full remuneration.Yet, under the temperature difference at very big daytime and night, will reach higher degree near the wetness percentage of chamber wall, this will cause the mould of danger close to grow environment, no matter whether add the Chemical Inhibition mould composition such as propionate.DDGS solution of the present invention scatters in the intensive hay in container by initial moist percentage in fact equably by moist, thereby has solved this problem.
Solubility solution of the present invention, by making moist uniformly dispersing in fact in cereal heap, feed heap, feed composition heap or the forage grass heap, do not increasing the applicant front application serial no 606,150 and 166, in 077 under the situation of the included mould bacteria additive of Chemical Inhibition such as propionate, average wetness at deposit is not more than 13.5 percent place in fact, can stop growing of mould basically.Application serial no 606,150 and 166,077 as the applicant is described, and the humectant material also can be included in the solution of the present invention, and can not hinder the effect of soluble substance in this solution.
Except mould fungus inhibition ability of the present invention, DDGS solution of the present invention is surprising and has collaborative function in the ability of using and can effectively suppress when handling micronic dust to produce of cereal, feed, feed composition, hay and poultry garbage.In the known specific environment situation of some applicant, inhibition micronic dust function of the present invention is important.Usually the generation of micronic dust has two different roots in poultry production.The one, the mummification of poultry food particle also produces dust, and this dust is sucked by bird, and this is such as sick usual reasons of breathing such as Asper aspergillus diseasees.Another root is a poultry garbage, and this is a common reason of similar disease in the bird, and the general type of poultry garbage has these bits, husk etc.Poultry garbage is regularly pulverized, but however, the frequent mummification of garbage areas also produces micronic dust, when this micronic dust is sucked by bird, also might produce the respiratory diseases that resembles aspergillus disease one class.When with DDGS spray solution of the present invention on poultry feed and rubbish the time, soluble substance has been sealed humidity, has stoped the humidity of feed and garbage table face portion to evaporate, and the result reduces the micronic dust of feed and rubbish.
Handling a relevant very serious micronic dust problem with cereal is a large amount of micronic dusts that produce from the surface friction when screw spreader is gone into granary with the cereal pound.The U.S. had nine granary staff to cause case, this fact to emphasize the disaster seriousness that this problem is potential because of dust increases sharply in 1985.This problem and cereal normally after the mummification material be stored in that this thing combines in the warehouse, the desiccated surface of cereal-granules is easy to grind micronic dust in screw spreader.Use DDGS solution of the present invention to cause cereal keeping humidity in fact equably in uniformity ground in fact to cereal-granules, comprise the surface of cereal-granules, utilize the present invention greatly to reduce the micronic dust of surperficial friction and generation thereof like this.When cereal is cured to about percent 13-14 that makes moist content be lower than weight according to common practice before storage, be suitable for most using solubility solution after the mummification, the surface element of cereal is just keeping humidity like this, thereby micronic dust rejection characteristic of the present invention has just embodied when cereal is sent to granary by spiral.However, before storing, uses cereal DDGS solution of the present invention, generally reduced the necessity of mummification before cereal is stored, product of the present invention is guaranteed the cereal outer regions near the granary wall, can be in the process long term storage in years in winter, increase humidity from warm central area, but keep in fact evenly, the humidity that can envision will be scattered whole cereal heap in the long term storage of cereal.
In the storage and processing of cereal and animal feed, another problem that DDGS solution of the present invention solves amazing, unexpectedly is " adhesion " that is commonly referred to as cereal and feed.Cereal or feed have in the cake feedbox and absorb moisture, form pie and bridging, the cohesion that produces cereal or feed, and making it can not free-flow, and stops flowing to chamber door.This problem is very general, so that is placing rubber stick on the feedbox limit of the U.S.: be used for beaing the feed tank wall to smash cattle cake and bridge, cereal or feed are flowed out from chamber door.The heat of spontaneous generation also is accompanied by such cake and bridge, and this heat can be observed in winter sometimes, and cereal or feed have steam.It is believed that this is because the respiration in cereal or the feed produces, comprise that soluble-carbohydrate changes into Re Heshui, this shows the loss that exists nutritive value in cereal or the feed.Surprisingly,, can not produce the heat of such cake and bridge and spontaneous generation, no longer need to beat chest yet and make cereal or feed flow out the case mouth with rod when utilizing DDGS solution of the present invention uniform treatment cereal or feed in fact.Clear and definite in theory, DDGS solution of the present invention spreads in the whole cereal or feed body in the case, and humidity can not flow, and can not assemble contiguous tank wall and chamber door and cause pie and bridge shape to form necessary moist aggegation.Also clear and definite in theory, the prevention of generation cake and bridge is ventilated in loose cereal or feed, and does not have air circulation, and spontaneous respiration might take place.The humidity that produces in spontaneous respiration effect or oxidizing process obviously is the important inseparable part of cake system cake and bridging process, continue to increase the humidity of part like this, and then cause cereal or feed to resemble being bonded together more and more tightly the process of front near wall and door.
Adding fashionablely such as the mould bacteria additive of the such Chemical Inhibition of propionate, the PH of DDGS solution of the present invention does not have tangible importance.The PH of various DDGS solution changes very wide, does not reveal deleterious effects but the applicant also finds soluble substances different among the present invention or different combination table.Do not consider PH, the soluble substance in cereal per ton, feed, feedstuff or the hay solution of the present invention that only need are quite few, these materials are stored in the steel container, obviously do not have the etch problem.
Feed grain resemble the corn is pulverized in the situation that adds steam usually, and if necessary, DDGS solution of the present invention can use in steam.And, when solution of the present invention is used for feed, preferably be used in passing in the feed in feed mill room, in the blender when being more preferably the feed mixing.Utilize a kind of application thing that pump can be made solution of the present invention expediently of measuring, entrance point at the bucket of measuring pump is loaded onto solution of the present invention, with the port of export that leads to concetrated pipe with spray solution of the present invention on materials such as cereal, feed, feed composition, hay.In containing the feed of syrup, method is easily, before syrup joins feed, solution of the present invention and syrup is mixed.
According to this invention, before cereal, feed, feed composition or hay are stored, use a certain amount of soluble substance that the migration that stops moisture is arranged severally, can stop and store cereal, animal feed, feed composition or hay form humidity heterogeneous in contiguous storage chamber walls gathering.And according to the present invention, in cereal, feed, feed composition or poultry garbage, the generation of mould fungus inhibition and dust effectively of utilization soluble substance has suppressed mould and dust in cereal, animal feed, feed composition or the poultry garbage.In addition, according to the present invention, before cereal, animal feed, the storage of feed composition, use a kind of effective fixed or adhesion inhibitor of forming by one or more alkaline soluble materials, can be suppressed at the cereal of storage, produce adhesion and fixed in animal feed or the feed composition.In addition, according to the present invention, before cereal enters screw spreader,, can suppress cereal and in transmission, produce micronic dust a kind of effective micronic dust inhibitor of forming by one or more alkaline soluble materials of cereal utilization.
In order not make cereal, feed, feed composition, hay or poultry garbage is easier mildews, liquid solubilized among the present invention, the best deficiency of the consumption of composition is so that cereal, feed, feed composition, hay or animal rubbish are drawn the more moisture of moisture that comprises than it when being subjected to liquid solubilized compositions-treated of the present invention from air.
At following discussion cereal per ton, feed, feed composition, hay or poultry garbage comprise in the weight of the dissolved substance of gram the time and in the corresponding narration of claims, the situation the when weight of the said alkaline soluble materials of applicant is meant its dehydration.Equally, following discussion by the percentage of the weight of alkaline soluble materials the concentration of solution the time and corresponding narration at claims in, the situation the when weight of the said alkaline soluble materials of applicant is meant its dehydration.
Be bordering on 1 14 cereal, animal feed, animal feed composition, hay or poultry garbage for its average moist degree, the used solution of the present invention of cereal per ton, animal feed, feed composition, hay or poultry garbage comprises the dissolved substance at least about 36 grams.The amount of the alkaline soluble materials in the solution of the present invention should be directly proportional with the moist degree of cereal, feed, feed composition, hay or poultry garbage, can be at least about 72 grams up to the used dissolved substance of cereal, feed, hay or poultry garbage of moist degree per ton about percent 18.Therefore for the article of moist degree about percent 15, the required solution of the present invention of the article that the present invention per ton will be applied thereon preferably comprises about 45 at least and restrains alkaline soluble materials; If moist degree is about percent 16, the required solvent of the present invention of article then per ton preferably comprises the alkaline soluble materials at least about 54 grams.If moist degree is about percent 17, the used solvent of the present invention of article then per ton preferably comprises the alkaline soluble materials at least about 63 grams.Alkaline soluble materials in the used solution of the present invention of cereal per ton, feed, feed composition, hay or poultry garbage preferably is no more than 100 grams, makes article absorb more moisture to prevent DDGS solution of the present invention.
For most applications, more than said scope be effective.Yet for some day and night the temperature difference, season the temperature difference or humidity extreme case, perhaps for cereal, animal feed, feed ingredient, hay or the poultry garbage of some special type and structure, exceed this scope and also be fine.
For the solution strength of DDGS solution of the present invention, this solution preferably comprises no more than about by weight percent 20 alkaline soluble materials.If the percentage of the alkaline soluble materials in the solution is bigger, solvent will be not easy evenly to distribute in cereal, feed, hay or poultry garbage.
The applicant does not determine any physical basis to the specific lower limit of the percentage by weight of the alkaline soluble materials that comprises in the solution of the present invention.Yet, for prevent moisture in handled article defeated moving and the alkaline soluble materials of capacity that cereal, animal feed, feed composition, hay or poultry garbage are used, if DDGS solution of the present invention is the aqueous solution, and it is too rare light, so a large amount of moisture will join in these article, and the possibility of result can make that these article are easier to mildew.It is minimum preferably at present that percent 0.5 alkaline soluble materials is arranged in solution of the present invention by weight, and it provides satisfied operation for most applications.In the solution of the present invention the amount of contained alkaline soluble materials present be preferably by weight about percent 4.0.
The present invention be according to we think actual and preferably concrete condition describe, still, as long as the details that starting point still in scope of the present invention, can be not limited to here to be said has write down complete scope in following claims.
Claims (7)
1. the application of the liquid mixture of dissolved substance or solution, be used for suppressing as cereal, animal feed, produce mould in the agricultural product of animal feed ingredient and hay, micronic dust and since exterior temperature change cause near damp vapour inhomogeneous agglutinating wall of storage or cask or conveyer more greatly, described solution contains the dissolved substance of percent 0.5 to percent 20 (weight), and described dissolved substance comprises and is selected from magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, manganese chloride, iron chloride, the ammonium chloride cobalt, zinc chloride, magnesium ammonium chloride, potassium magnesium, ammonium citrate, calcium chlorate, copper chlorate, magnesium chlorate, calcium iodide, cobaltous iodide, iron iodide, magnesium iodide, potassium iodide, calcium nitrite, ferric nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, ferric lactate, manganese oxide, phosphorous oxide, manganese sulphate, STANNOUS SULPHATE CRYSTALLINE, phosphoric acid, potassium acetate, potash, at least a in potassium phosphate and the niter cake.
2. according to the liquid mixture of the dissolved substance of claim 1 or the application of solution, its consumption is: described cereal per ton, animal feed, animal feed ingredient or hay use 36 to restrain the described dissolved substance of 100 grams.
3. an inhibition is equipped with as cereal, animal feed, produce mould in the storage of the agricultural product of animal feed ingredient and hay or the cask, micronic dust and because near damp vapour inhomogeneous method that agglutinates wall of causing more greatly of exterior temperature change, described method comprises, the step that in described agricultural product, added the fluid composition of dissolved substance before in described container that described agricultural product are packed into, the addition of fluid composition makes agricultural product per ton contain 36 grams to the described dissolved substance of 100 grams, and the described dissolved substance in the described fluid composition comprises and is selected from magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, manganese chloride, iron chloride, the ammonium chloride cobalt, zinc chloride, magnesium ammonium chloride, potassium magnesium, ammonium citrate, calcium chlorate, copper chlorate, magnesium chlorate, calcium iodide, cobaltous iodide, iron iodide, magnesium iodide, potassium iodide, calcium nitrite, ferric nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, ferric lactate, manganese oxide, phosphorous oxide, manganese sulphate, STANNOUS SULPHATE CRYSTALLINE, phosphoric acid, potassium acetate, potash, at least a in potassium phosphate and the niter cake.
4. according to the method for claim 3, wherein, after adding described fluid composition, described agricultural product per ton contain and are no more than the described dissolved substance of 72 grams.
5. according to the method for claim 3 or 4, wherein, described fluid composition contains the described dissolved substance of percent 0.5 to percent 20 (weight).
6. cereal or animal feed composition, it comprises at least a cereal or animal feed and mould fungus inhibition, the fluid composition that tide vapour and micronic dust produce, the content of fluid composition be cereal per ton or animal feed 36 grams to 100 grams, described composition comprises and is selected from magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, manganese chloride, iron chloride, the ammonium chloride cobalt, zinc chloride, magnesium ammonium chloride, potassium magnesium, ammonium citrate, calcium chlorate, copper chlorate, magnesium chlorate, calcium iodide, cobaltous iodide, iron iodide, magnesium iodide, potassium iodide, calcium nitrite, ferric nitrate, magnesium nitrate, copper nitrate, ferric lactate, manganese oxide, phosphorous oxide, manganese sulphate, STANNOUS SULPHATE CRYSTALLINE, phosphoric acid, potassium acetate, potash, at least a dissolved substance in potassium phosphate and the niter cake.
7. according to the composition of claim 6, wherein, described cereal per ton or animal feed contain and are no more than the described dissolved substance of 72 grams.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/299,442 US4963366A (en) | 1983-09-27 | 1989-01-23 | Mold and dust inhibiting method and product |
| CN91111904A CN1056727C (en) | 1989-01-23 | 1991-12-26 | Application of liquid mixture of soluble substances and product to suppress moldfungus and dust in grains and animal feed |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/299,442 US4963366A (en) | 1983-09-27 | 1989-01-23 | Mold and dust inhibiting method and product |
| CN91111904A CN1056727C (en) | 1989-01-23 | 1991-12-26 | Application of liquid mixture of soluble substances and product to suppress moldfungus and dust in grains and animal feed |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1073576A CN1073576A (en) | 1993-06-30 |
| CN1056727C true CN1056727C (en) | 2000-09-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN91111904A Expired - Fee Related CN1056727C (en) | 1983-09-27 | 1991-12-26 | Application of liquid mixture of soluble substances and product to suppress moldfungus and dust in grains and animal feed |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1056727C (en) |
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| CN102450724B (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2013-01-09 | 曲靖师范学院 | Antioxidant hydrogen sustained-release agent for oil-containing food in gas-filled package and processing method thereof |
| CN103141665A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-06-12 | 中国农业大学 | Long-term storage method of grain dreg type feed |
| CN107873838A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-06 | 辽宁好立畜牧科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly novel grain mold proof agent |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1132028A (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1996-10-02 | 黄士超 | Mould agent for prevention and treatment of injurious insects in grain |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1132028A (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1996-10-02 | 黄士超 | Mould agent for prevention and treatment of injurious insects in grain |
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| CN1073576A (en) | 1993-06-30 |
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