CN105671377A - Electroplating method of high-strength aluminum alloy for die casting - Google Patents
Electroplating method of high-strength aluminum alloy for die casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN105671377A CN105671377A CN201610051845.2A CN201610051845A CN105671377A CN 105671377 A CN105671377 A CN 105671377A CN 201610051845 A CN201610051845 A CN 201610051845A CN 105671377 A CN105671377 A CN 105671377A
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- zinc
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- heavy zinc
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- plating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
Abstract
The invention discloses an electroplating method of high-strength aluminum alloy for die casting. The electroplating method of the high-strength aluminum alloy for die casting is characterized in that the high-strength aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentages by weight: 7-9% of Zn, 12-14% of Si, 6-8% of Cu, 2-4% of Mn, 0.8-1.2% of Ti, 0.3-0.5% of Re, 3-5% of Mg, 1-3% of Zr, 0.6-0.8% of Ni, and the balance Al and inevitable impurities. The electroplating method comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment; (2) zinc depositing treatment: carrying out zinc depositing treatment for three times, wherein a zinc depositing treatment solution comprises the following components: 60-80 g/L of sodium hydroxide, 40-60 g/L of zinc oxide, 100-120 g/L of sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate, 3-5 g/L of ferric chloride and 3-5 g/L of sodium nitrate, zinc depositing temperature is 30-50 DEG C, and zinc depositing time is 20-40 seconds; (3) electronickelling treatment, wherein an electronickelling solution comprises the following components: 160-180 g/L of NiSO4.6H2O, 0.6-0.8 mol/L of F<->, 20-30 g/L of boric acid, 22-24 g/L of (NH4)3C6H5O7 and 1-3 g/L of sodium saccharin, and treatment conditions are as follows: pH value is 4.8-5.4, current density of a cathode is 2-4 A/d m<2>, temperature is 45-55 DEG C, and time is 20-30 minutes; and (4) surface layer nickel, chromium or copper plating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electroplating technology field, particularly relate to the electro-plating method of a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy for die casting.
Background technology
In various metal production, the aluminum yield of China is only second to iron and steel, and China is again the big producing country of electrolytic aluminium in the world. Aluminum and alloy thereof have specific strength height, heat conduction, good conductivity, and the advantage such as plasticity and easy-formation, are widely used to every profession and trade. Along with the rise in price of market copper, zinc metal, the product profit that hardware industry is former is base material with zinc, copper has reduced much, and the rise in price of aluminum is relatively slow, and more owing to the density of aluminum and alloy thereof is little, (density of aluminum is 2.7g/cm3), compared with other common metal, the material of same weight can manufacture the parts of about three times more. Not only a lot of producers all replace copper, zinc-base material at preparation aluminum alloy base material, but aluminum is amphoteric metal, are dissolved in alkali but also be dissolved in acid, its chemical property is more active, relatively strong with the affinity of oxygen, in an atmosphere very easily at its Surface Creation layer oxide film, it is a No.1 difficult problem for plating on aluminium alloy.
The application for a patent for invention that publication number is CN1844480 provides the electro-plating method of a kind of alloy product, mainly includes application and two steps of plating, to the application re-plating of aluminium alloy elder generation. Alloy product is electroplated by the advanced technologies that this invention is electroplated after adopting first application, eliminates polishing process before plating, adopts the imitative minute surface car mode of machining to reach appearance requirement; Only the part surface of product is electroplated, be substantially reduced than the cost of raw material of entirety plating; Coating avoids and repeatedly toasts, and greatly reduces scrappage; There are special paint, powder to protect during due to plating, paint in bath solution and will not fade, do not need Continuous pressing device for stereo-pattern paper during application, reduce the cost of raw material; The plating qualification rate of product improves about 10%; Only need to moving back chromium when strip is reprocessed, then return machining turning, every product strip expense is again electroplated than after Periostracum Cicadae and is substantially reduced.
The application for a patent for invention that publication number is CN10348930 provides a kind of aluminum alloy electroplating method, and the method comprises the steps: 1) by aluminum alloy base material electrochemical deoiling, washing, dry up; 2) by electrochemical deoiling, washing, the aluminum alloy base material oxidation after drying up, washing, dry up; 3) will aoxidize, washing, the aluminum alloy base material activation after drying up, washing, dry up; 4) will activate, washing, the aluminum alloy base material membrane removal after drying up, washing; 5) by membrane removal, the aluminum alloy base material after washing neutralizes for the 1st time, washing; 6) the 1st time is neutralized, the 1st heavy zinc of the aluminum alloy base material after washing, washing, move back zinc; 7) by the 1st heavy zinc, washing, move back the 2nd the heavy zinc again of the aluminum alloy base material after zinc, washing, move back zinc; 8) by the 2nd heavy zinc, washing, move back the aluminum alloy base material after zinc and neutralize for the 2nd time, washing; 9) the 2nd time is neutralized, the aluminum alloy base material plating watt nickel after washing, obtain target product. Finding through practice, unstable properties between this process batch, batch there is bubble in what have, the phenomenon of surface irregularity, it was shown that this technique entirety is unstable, causes percent defective high, thus, it is impossible to practical requirement.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose the electro-plating method of a kind of high strength alumin ium alloy for die casting, described aluminium alloy is for having improved by adjusting component on the basis of existing technology, improve Intensity Design, the binding force of cladding material of the high strength alumin ium alloy that described electro-plating method enables to improvement is good, flat appearance, bubble-free phenomenon, and process stabilizing, zero difference between batch.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of electro-plating method of the high strength alumin ium alloy for die casting, described high strength alumin ium alloy is made up of following component by weight percentage: Zn:7-9%, Si:12-14%, Cu:6-8%, Mn:2-4%, Ti:0.8-1.2%, Re:0.3-0.5%, Mg:3-5%, Zr:1-3%, Ni:0.6-0.8%, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity: described electro-plating method includes:
1) pre-treatment: adopt conventional method that pack alloy part carries out electrochemical deoiling, oxidation, activation, membrane removal process, wash with water between process and dry up;
2) heavy zinc processes: consisting of of the treatment fluid that heavy zinc processes: sodium hydroxide 60-80g/L, zinc oxide 40-60g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 100-120g/L, iron chloride 3-5g/L, sodium nitrate 3-5g/L; The temperature of heavy zinc is 30-50 DEG C, and the heavy zinc time is 20-40s; Carry out 3 heavy zinc to process;
3) electronickelling processes: the plating solution composition of electronickelling and treatment conditions are respectively as follows: NiSO4·6H2O:160-180g/L, F-: 0.6-0.8mol/L, boric acid 20-30g/L, (NH4)3C6H5O7: 22-24g/L, saccharin sodium: 1-3g/L, pH value: 4.8-5.4, cathode-current density: 2-4A/dm2, temperature: 45-55 DEG C, time: 20-30min;
4) top layer nickel plating, chromium or copper: according to product user demand, adopt common process to carry out nickel plating, chromium or Copper treatment.
The inventive method has the advantages that
1) on the basis of existing technology, the composition of aluminium alloy has been adjusted, add Re (rare earth), Zr and Ni element, and have adjusted the content of all the other alloying elements, the existing diecasting alloys of strength ratio making the aluminium alloy of preparation are high by more than 20%, and toughness is still good, it is possible to meet the instructions for use of the parts such as the higher automobile structure of requirement of strength.
2) have adjusted the solution composition that heavy zinc processes and treatment conditions, and carry out 3 process so that pack alloy part has good binder course performance, and adhesion is strong.Practice have shown that, through mentioned component, temperature, the adjustment of process time, particularly number of processes so that prime coat performance increases substantially, if heavy zinc fluid component content is not in above-mentioned scope, the extreme resulting in index is deteriorated. therefore, find the exact extension of above-mentioned content, be a crucial inventive point place of the present invention. this is because, the composition of the heavy zinc liquid after adjustment is the adjusted design carried out according to the constituent of aluminium alloy after adjusting, make mutual scattering and permeating between base material and the composition of prime coat, and the reason that 3 times process lies also in this, the sufficient diffusion layer with base material is formed after first time heavy zinc, after the heavy zinc of second time, diffusion layer amount relatively ground floor significantly reduces, but form good combination with ground floor, after the heavy zinc of third time, third layer does not have diffusion transition with base material substantially, but with being tightly combined of the second layer, third layer remains good performance as the basal layer of subsequent plating layer simultaneously.
3) in the feature processing layer according to heavy zinc, the plating solution of electroless nickel layer is optimized design so that electroless nickel layer can play the effect formed a connecting link and then the flat appearance of guarantee product, bubble-free phenomenon preferably.
4) through practice test, the technology stability of the present invention is good, quality zero difference between batch, and conforming product rate is high.
5) supplementary material of the present invention is with low cost, and technique is simple, easily operates.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
A kind of electro-plating method of the high strength alumin ium alloy for die casting, described high strength alumin ium alloy is made up of following component by weight percentage: Zn:7%, Si:14%, Cu:6%, Mn:4%, Ti:0.8%, Re:0.5%, Mg:3%, Zr:3%, Ni:0.6%, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity; Described electro-plating method includes:
1) pre-treatment: adopt conventional method that pack alloy part carries out electrochemical deoiling, oxidation, activation, membrane removal process, wash with water between process and dry up;
2) heavy zinc processes: consisting of of the treatment fluid that heavy zinc processes: sodium hydroxide 60g/L, zinc oxide 60g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 100g/L, iron chloride 5g/L, sodium nitrate 3g/L; The temperature of heavy zinc is 50 DEG C, and the heavy zinc time is 20s; Carry out 3 heavy zinc to process;
3) electronickelling processes: the plating solution composition of electronickelling and treatment conditions are respectively as follows: NiSO4·6H2O:180g/L, F-: 0.8mol/L, boric acid 20g/L, (NH4)3C6H5O7: 24g/L, saccharin sodium: 1g/L, pH value: 5.4, cathode-current density: 2A/dm2, temperature: 55 DEG C, time: 20min;
4) top layer nickel plating, chromium or copper: according to product user demand, adopt common process to carry out nickel plating, chromium or Copper treatment.
Embodiment two
A kind of electro-plating method of the high strength alumin ium alloy for die casting, described high strength alumin ium alloy is made up of following component by weight percentage: Zn:9%, Si:12%, Cu:8%, Mn:2%, Ti:1.2%, Re:0.3%, Mg:5%, Zr:1%, Ni:0.8%, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity; Described electro-plating method includes:
1) pre-treatment: adopt conventional method that pack alloy part carries out electrochemical deoiling, oxidation, activation, membrane removal process, wash with water between process and dry up;
2) heavy zinc processes: consisting of of the treatment fluid that heavy zinc processes: sodium hydroxide 80g/L, zinc oxide 40g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 120g/L, iron chloride 3g/L, sodium nitrate 5g/L; The temperature of heavy zinc is 30 DEG C, and the heavy zinc time is 40s;Carry out 3 heavy zinc to process;
3) electronickelling processes: the plating solution composition of electronickelling and treatment conditions are respectively as follows: NiSO4·6H2O:180g/L, F-: 0.6mol/L, boric acid 30g/L, (NH4)3C6H5O7: 22g/L, saccharin sodium: 3g/L, pH value: 4.8, cathode-current density: 4A/dm2, temperature: 45 DEG C, time: 30min;
4) top layer nickel plating, chromium or copper: according to product user demand, adopt common process to carry out nickel plating, chromium or Copper treatment.
Embodiment three
A kind of electro-plating method of the high strength alumin ium alloy for die casting, described high strength alumin ium alloy is made up of following component by weight percentage: Zn:8%, Si:13%, Cu:7%, Mn:3%, Ti:1.0%, Re:0.4%, Mg:4%, Zr:2%, Ni:0.7%, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity; Described electro-plating method includes:
1) pre-treatment: adopt conventional method that pack alloy part carries out electrochemical deoiling, oxidation, activation, membrane removal process, wash with water between process and dry up;
2) heavy zinc processes: consisting of of the treatment fluid that heavy zinc processes: sodium hydroxide 70g/L, zinc oxide 50g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 110g/L, iron chloride 4g/L, sodium nitrate 4g/L; The temperature of heavy zinc is 40 DEG C, and the heavy zinc time is 30s; Carry out 3 heavy zinc to process;
3) electronickelling processes: the plating solution composition of electronickelling and treatment conditions are respectively as follows: NiSO4·6H2O:170g/L, F-: 0.7mol/L, boric acid 25g/L, (NH4)3C6H5O7: 23g/L, saccharin sodium: 2g/L, pH value: 5.1, cathode-current density: 3A/dm2, temperature: 50 DEG C, time: 25min;
4) top layer nickel plating, chromium or copper: according to product user demand, adopt common process to carry out nickel plating, chromium or Copper treatment.
Applicant states, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment and the technological process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technological process, namely do not mean that the present invention has to rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technological process could be implemented. The equivalence of each raw material of product of the present invention, it will be clearly understood that any improvement in the present invention, is replaced and the interpolation of auxiliary element, concrete way choice etc. by person of ordinary skill in the field, all falls within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (1)
1. the electro-plating method for the high strength alumin ium alloy of die casting, it is characterized in that, described high strength alumin ium alloy is made up of following component by weight percentage: Zn:7-9%, Si:12-14%, Cu:6-8%, Mn:2-4%, Ti:0.8-1.2%, Re:0.3-0.5%, Mg:3-5%, Zr:1-3%, Ni:0.6-0.8%, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity; Described electro-plating method includes:
1) pre-treatment: adopt conventional method that pack alloy part carries out electrochemical deoiling, oxidation, activation, membrane removal process, wash with water between process and dry up;
2) heavy zinc processes: consisting of of the treatment fluid that heavy zinc processes: sodium hydroxide 60-80g/L, zinc oxide 40-60g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 100-120g/L, iron chloride 3-5g/L, sodium nitrate 3-5g/L; The temperature of heavy zinc is 30-50 DEG C, and the heavy zinc time is 20-40s; Carry out 3 heavy zinc to process;
3) electronickelling processes: the plating solution composition of electronickelling and treatment conditions are respectively as follows: NiSO4·6H2O:160-180g/L, F-: 0.6-0.8mol/L, boric acid 20-30g/L, (NH4)3C6H5O7: 22-24g/L, saccharin sodium: 1-3g/L, pH value: 4.8-5.4, cathode-current density: 2-4A/dm2, temperature: 45-55 DEG C, time: 20-30min;
4) top layer nickel plating, chromium or copper: according to product user demand, adopt common process to carry out nickel plating, chromium or Copper treatment.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106435676A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-02-22 | 捷开通讯(深圳)有限公司 | Surface treatment method of electronic equipment metal casing |
| CN108505077A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-07 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | The surface treatment method of Al-alloy parts, the shell of electronic equipment and electronic equipment |
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| CN104264020A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-01-07 | 苏州凯宥电子科技有限公司 | High-strength die casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106435676A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-02-22 | 捷开通讯(深圳)有限公司 | Surface treatment method of electronic equipment metal casing |
| CN108505077A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-07 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | The surface treatment method of Al-alloy parts, the shell of electronic equipment and electronic equipment |
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