CN105666877B - The Method of printing of 3D printer with 3-D graphic reponse system - Google Patents
The Method of printing of 3D printer with 3-D graphic reponse system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105666877B CN105666877B CN201610163761.8A CN201610163761A CN105666877B CN 105666877 B CN105666877 B CN 105666877B CN 201610163761 A CN201610163761 A CN 201610163761A CN 105666877 B CN105666877 B CN 105666877B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of 3D printer and its Method of printing with 3-D graphic reponse system, including frame, print platform, printing head, body feed tank, feed device, drive device, control system, computer, support on the outside of the drive device, and be arranged on support, 3D scanners for scanning and printing object, workpiece semi-finished product or blank are scanned using 3D scanners during formed product, obtain the three-D profile of workpiece, and be compared by the threedimensional model of graphics computing and target product, printer motion path and print parameters are adjusted according to result, so as to realize the feedback control of print procedure, improve 3D printing formed precision and printing effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing technique field, more particularly to a kind of 3D printer with 3-D graphic reponse system
Method of printing.
Background technology
3D printing is a kind of rapid shaping technique, is also increases material manufacturing technology.Compared to traditional manufacturing technology, its advantage exists
In that can realize integrated manufacturing system (IMS), reduction manufacturing expense and shorten process-cycle etc., biologic medical, industry are gradually applied to
The fields such as design, Aero-Space and cultural creative.So far, fusion sediment formula (FDM) has successfully been developed both at home and abroad, swashed
A variety of quick molding methods, wherein FDM such as carving in light sintering (SLS), photocuring (SLA), three dimensional printing (DLP) and three-dimensional laser
It is one of most widely used technology.
Resolve into dried layer if the general principle of fusion sediment formula 3D printing is the threedimensional model for exporting Computer Design and put down
Face is cut into slices, and every layer of model forming path and necessary support path is generated in printer software, then by printer head
Material melts are sprayed, and are successively superimposed by section figure, complete object is finally piled into.Existing fusion sediment formula 3D is beaten
Print technology has two：
(1) formed precision is poor：Model slice and printing two procedures are the relation of open loop series connection, printing in the prior art
Process can not be fed back and be controlled to printing effect, blindly print substandard product；
(2) printing effect is low：On the one hand, it is required for, from zero printing, considerably increasing printing duration per sample workpiece；The opposing party
The semi-finished product that face, the system failure or printing failure are produced can not be recycled, and engineer can only adjust model and parameter, and accent is beaten
Print, expends debugging man-hour and material.
The content of the invention
To overcome above mentioned problem of the prior art, beaten the invention provides a kind of 3D with 3-D graphic reponse system
The Method of printing of print machine, by carrying out 3D scannings and feedback to semi-finished product, improves 3D printing formed precision and printing effect.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
The Method of printing of 3D printer with 3-D graphic reponse system, described 3D printer includes frame, printing
Platform, printing head, body feed tank, feed device, drive device, control system and computer, in addition to driven installed in described
Support on the outside of dynamic device, and be arranged on support, the 3D scanners for scanning and printing object；The 3D scanners are simultaneously
It is connected with control system and computer, control system is arranged on the lower section of support；The drive device, which includes being arranged on, prints flat
The Y-direction linear motion module of the platform left and right sides, installed in print platform front and rear sides, for fixing two Y-direction linear motion moulds
The horizontal support bar of group, between two Y-directions linear motion module and promotes print platform X to mobile leading screw, installs
Z-direction on two Y-directions linear motion module sliding blocks moves along a straight line module, installed in two Z-directions linear motion module sliding blocks it
Between X to linear motion module, and with each to the stepper motor that is connected of linear motion module；The feeding dress is located at printing spray
Head top, and with printing head be integrally mounted at X to linear motion module sliding block on；
Described Method of printing then comprises the following steps：
(1) threedimensional model is inputted：Input the threedimensional model file of product to be printed；
(2) threedimensional model is handled：Slicing treatment is carried out to threedimensional model using computer, the section text of threedimensional model is generated
Part, and it is sent to control system；
(3) printer is initialized：Control system is received after section file and print instruction, drive device to print platform and
The position of printing head is initialized, and starts the heater on printing head and feed device, and printing head discharging is normal
Enter printing model afterwards；
(4) printing is started：3D printer is printed since first layer, and control system is successively read will be current after section file
The printing path and parameter of layer are sent to drive device and printing head, and printing head successively prints in kind in setting position；
(5) product profile is scanned：According to the setting of section file, print to after specified progress, control system, which is received, sweeps
Instruction is retouched, time-out printing calls 3D scanners to be scanned printing portion, and the data transfer of scanning is to computer, by counting
The processing of calculation machine obtains the three-D profile B of printing portion；
(6) 3D graphic operations：Computer carries out the threedimensional model A of the three-D profile B of printing portion and target product
Contrast, not yet printing portion C and many printing portion D geometry and volume are obtained by Boolean calculation；
(7) judge and decision-making：Not yet printing portion C, many printing portion D and target product threedimensional model A volume score
Not Wei E, F, E, F and threshold value G are compared：If F is more than G, step (8) is performed；Otherwise, step (9) is performed；
(8) computer-made decision printing portion and target product deviation exceed setting range, time-out printing, and point out production
Product need artificial treatment；Return to step (5) after artificial treatment；
(9) if E and F are respectively less than G, the printing of computer-made decision product is completed, and meets target call, terminates printing simultaneously
Export final products；Otherwise, step (10) is performed；
(10) computer-made decision product printing is not completed, and printing portion meets sets requirement, is continued to print and is not yet beaten
Part C is printed, step (11) is performed；
(11) control system continues to read section file, successively prints, and continue according to the side described in step (5)~(9)
Formula is circulated, until completing printing, and exports final products.
Preferably, the height of the 3D scanners is less than the maximum height that printing head Z-direction is moved.
Specifically, in the step (1), the threedimensional model file of product to be printed can be directly inputted in computer,
Threedimensional model can also be directly set up with mapping software on computers, and is converted into the file of stl forms.
Further, in the step (4), the first layer of the section file is the bottom of model.
Further, in the step (5), during time-out printing, control system control drive device keeps in situ, and closes
Heater in printing head carries out natural cooling.
Yet further, in the step (10), receive after continuation print command, control system starts on printing head
Heater.
Further, in the step (11), the section file of reading is by three-dimensional of the computer according to printing portion
Profile is adjusted.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) present invention is scanned during formed product using 3D scanners to workpiece semi-finished product or blank, is obtained
The three-D profile of workpiece, and be compared by the threedimensional model of graphics computing and target product, adjusted and printed according to result
Machine motion path and print parameters, so as to realize the feedback control of print procedure, improve 3D printing formed precision and printing effect
Rate.
(2) print platform is moved along X, Y-direction in the present invention, and the cooperation moved by printing head Z-direction completes successively to beat
Print, print platform is moved without Z-direction, both ensure that the stability of print procedure, driving load is reduced again；And printing head
Coordinate with print platform and move, improve printing engine efficiency.
(3) medium-height trestle of the present invention is arranged on the outside of drive device, it is to avoid collision with print platform, printing head,
It ensure that the steadiness of 3D scanners, it is ensured that workpiece semi-finished product are carried out to scan comprehensively, exactly.
(4) start the reading of section file after printing head discharging is normal in the present invention again and successively print, it is to avoid without material
Sky the is beaten or uneven situation of discharging, improves the quality of initial print；Moreover, during printer pause work, printing head
Cooled, prevent from dripping after material is heated, both reduced the waste of material, and turn avoid the influence to scanning result.
(5) 3D scanners are called by control system control in the present invention, and control system is received and enabled after scan instruction
Closed after 3D scanners, the end of scan, it is to avoid 3D scanners are opened for a long time to be caused to waste；3D scanners are connected with computer, by
Computer synchronizes the three-D profile that processing obtains printing portion to scan data, realizes the Real-time Feedback of print procedure.
(6) underproof semi-finished product carry out that printing can be continued after artificial treatment in the present invention, it is to avoid from zero printing, drop
Low material waste；And the semi-finished product carried out after artificial treatment will carry out 3D scannings again, scan data is carried out by computer
Processing, modeling, judgement, it is not only quick but also accurate, improve the uniformity of product bulk print.
(7) Computer of the present invention is according to the three-D profile with reference to workpiece semi-finished product, the follow-up printing path of adjust automatically
And parameter, even if position of the workpiece semi-finished product on print platform is changed, follow-up printing can also be accurately completed,
Ensure the integrality of final products.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of 3D printer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of 3D printing method in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional model diagram of target product in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the pictorial diagram of printout in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional model diagram of printout in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 6 is final products pictorial diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 7 is the three-dimensional model diagram of target product in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 8 is the pictorial diagram of printout in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 9 is the three-dimensional model diagram of printout in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Figure 10 be in the embodiment of the present invention 2 it is artificial repair after printout pictorial diagram.
Figure 11 be in the embodiment of the present invention 2 it is artificial repair after printout three-dimensional model diagram.
Parts thereof in accompanying drawing is entitled：
1- frames, 2- print platforms, 3- printing heads, 4- body feed tanks, 5- feed devices, 6- control systems, 7- computers,
8- supports, 9-3D scanners, 10- printing portions, 11-Y is transported to linear motion module, 12- horizontal support bars, 13-Z to straight line
Dynamic model group, 14-X to linear motion module.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and embodiments of the present invention include but is not limited to
The following example.
As shown in figure 1, the 3D printer with 3-D graphic reponse system, including frame 1, print platform 2, printing head
3rd, body feed tank 4, feed device 5, drive device, control system 6 and computer 7, in addition to outside the drive device
The support 8 of side, and be arranged on support 8, the 3D scanners 9 for scanning and printing object；The 3D scanners 9 simultaneously with control
System 6 processed and computer 7 are connected, and control system 6 is arranged on the lower section of support 8；The drive device, which includes being arranged on, prints flat
The Y-direction linear motion module 11 of the left and right sides of platform 2, installed in print platform front and rear sides, for fixing two Y-direction linear motions
The horizontal support bar 12 of module, between two Y-directions linear motion module and promotes print platform X to mobile leading screw,
Z-direction linear motion module 13 on two Y-direction linear motion sliding blocks of module 11, installed in two Z-directions linear motion moulds
X between 13 sliding blocks of group is to linear motion module 14, and with each to the stepper motor that is connected of linear motion module；The feeding
Device 5 be located at printing head 3 top, and with printing head 3 be integrally mounted at X to linear motion module 14 sliding block on.
The height of 3D scanners 9 is less than the maximum height that printing head Z-direction is moved, and its installation site can realize air exercise
Print platform space is scanned comprehensively, and the present embodiment medium-height trestle is highly the half of Z-direction connecting rod height.
As shown in Fig. 2 present invention also offers the Method of printing of the 3D printer, comprising the following steps：
(1) threedimensional model is inputted：The threedimensional model A for inputting product to be printed is input on computer 7, or in computer
Mapping software is used on 7, the software such as CAD, CAXA directly sets up threedimensional model, and is converted into the file of stl forms；
(2) threedimensional model is handled：Slicing treatment is carried out to threedimensional model A using computer 7, the section of threedimensional model is generated
File, and it is sent to control system 6；
(3) printer is initialized：Control system 6 is received after section file and print instruction, and drive device is to print platform
Initialized with the position of printing head, then start the heater and feed device 5 on printing head 3, make printing head 3
Interior material melts and flowed downward out, while the wire rod material in body feed tank 4 is continuously delivered to printing by feed device 5
Shower nozzle 3；Printer enters printing model after discharging is normal；
(4) printing is started：3D printer is printed since first layer, and the first layer of section file represents threedimensional model most
Bottom, control system 6 reads the information in section file, and i-th layer of printing path and parameter are sent to drive device and beaten
Shower nozzle 3 is printed, printing head 3 is printed this layer of material object in the position of setting；Hereafter, control system 6 is successively read i+1
Layer, the i-th+2 layers ..., n-th layer, and control drive device and printing head 3 successively to be printed；
(5) product profile is scanned：According to the setting of section file, when system proceeds to specified progress, control system 6 is known
After the instruction that scanning Qie Pian not be required in file, control drive device keeps in situ, reduces the temperature of printing head 3, and pause is beaten
Print；Calling 9 pairs of 3D scanners simultaneously, printing portion 10 is scanned, and scanning the data obtained is transmitted into computer 7, automatic place
Reason obtains the three-D profile B of printing portion 10；
(6) 3D graphic operations：Computer carries out the threedimensional model A of the three-D profile B of printing portion and target product
Contrast, not yet printing portion C and many printing portion D geometry and volume are obtained by Boolean calculation；
(7) judge and decision-making：Not yet printing portion C, many printing portion D and target product threedimensional model A volume score
Not Wei E, F, E, F and threshold value G are compared：If F is more than G, step (8) is performed；Otherwise, step (9) is performed；
(8) computer-made decision printing portion and target product deviation exceed setting range, time-out printing, and point out production
Product need artificial treatment；Return to step (5) after artificial treatment；
(9) if E and F are respectively less than G, the printing of computer-made decision product is completed, and meets target call, terminates printing simultaneously
Export final products；Otherwise, step (10) is performed；
(10) computer-made decision product printing is not completed, and printing portion meets sets requirement, is continued to print and is not yet beaten
Part C is printed, step (11) is performed；
(11) control system continues to read section file, successively prints, and continue according to the side described in step (5)~(9)
Formula is circulated, until completing printing, and exports final products.
The 3D printing method of the present invention is described in detail below by way of specific embodiment：
Embodiment 1
Fig. 3 is the threedimensional model A of the target product of embodiment 1, calculates and carries out slicing treatment to threedimensional model A, in generation
It is 70% to be set in section file and carry out the corresponding printing progress of 3D scannings, then control system reading section file, from first
Layer, which is proceeded by, successively to be printed.When printing progress proceeds to 70%, Fig. 4 is beating when control system 6 reads scan instruction
Pictorial diagram is printed, control drive device keeps in situ, reduces the temperature of printing head 3, time-out printing；Call 3D scanners pair simultaneously
Printing portion 10 carries out 3D scannings, and by scan data synchronous driving to computer 7, computer is set up by image procossing
The threedimensional model B of printing portion, as shown in Figure 5.
The threedimensional model B of printing portion and target product threedimensional model A are compared by computer, are transported by boolean
Calculate not yet printing portion C and many printing portion D geometry and volume, not yet printing portion C, many printing portion D and mesh
The volume ratio for marking product threedimensional model A is respectively E, F, and the permissible value of volume ratio is set as 1%；The data that computer is compared
For：E>1%, G<1%, illustrate that this product does not complete printing, and printing portion meets sets requirement, judges to continue to print, directly
To final products are realized, as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 7 is the threedimensional model A of the target product of embodiment 2, and the difference of embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is that this sets
It is 100% to determine the corresponding printing progress of 3D scannings, calls 3D scanners to set up Fig. 9 after being scanned to Fig. 8 material object of printing
Threedimensional model B, computer correction data is：E<1%, G>1%, illustrate that the deviation of printed product and target product has exceeded
Setting value, system judges that product needs to carry out artificial treatment, compares Fig. 9 printing physical three-dimensional model and Fig. 7 target product
Threedimensional model A understand that many printing portion D carry out artificial treatment to top immediately, obtain Figure 10's at the top of the model
Material object, 3D scannings are carried out to the in kind of Figure 10 again, obtain the threedimensional model B ' in Figure 11, and computer continues Figure 11 three-dimensional
Model B ' it is compared with Fig. 7 threedimensional model A, the deviation of the two is less than 1%, judges the model after artificial treatment and target production
Product are basically identical, therefore exportable final products.
Above-described embodiment is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not limiting the scope of the invention, as long as using
The design principle of the present invention, and the change for carrying out non-creativeness work on this basis and making, all should belong to the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. the Method of printing of the 3D printer with 3-D graphic reponse system, it is characterised in that described 3D printer includes
Frame (1), print platform (2), printing head (3), body feed tank (4), feed device (5), drive device, control system (6), with
And computer (7), in addition to the support (8) on the outside of the drive device, and be arranged on support (8), for sweeping
Retouch the 3D scanners (9) of printing object；The 3D scanners (9) with control system (6) and computer (7) while be connected, control
System (6) is arranged on the lower section of support (8)；The drive device includes the Y-direction straight line installed in print platform (2) left and right sides
Module (11) is moved, the horizontal support bar installed in print platform front and rear sides, for fixing two Y-directions linear motion modules
(12), between two Y-directions linear motion module and print platform X is promoted to mobile leading screw, installed in two Y-directions
The Z-direction linear motion module (13) moved along a straight line on module (11) sliding block, installed in two Z-direction linear motion module (13) sliding blocks
Between X to linear motion module (14), and with each to the stepper motor that is connected of linear motion module；The feed device
(5) it is located at the top of printing head (3), and X is integrally mounted to the sliding block of linear motion module (14) with printing head (3)
On；
Described Method of printing then comprises the following steps：
(1) threedimensional model is inputted：Input the threedimensional model file of product to be printed；
(2) threedimensional model is handled：Slicing treatment is carried out to threedimensional model using computer, the section file of threedimensional model is generated,
And it is sent to control system；
(3) printer is initialized：Control system is received after section file and print instruction, and drive device is to print platform and printing
The position of shower nozzle is initialized, and starts the heater on printing head and feed device, and printing head discharging is normal laggard
Enter printing model；
(4) printing is started：3D printer is printed since first layer, and control system is successively read current layer after section file
Printing path and parameter are sent to drive device and printing head, and printing head successively prints in kind in setting position；
(5) product profile is scanned：According to the setting of section file, print to after specified progress, control system receives scanning and referred to
Order, time-out printing calls 3D scanners to be scanned printing portion, and the data transfer of scanning is to computer, by computer
Processing obtains the three-D profile B of printing portion；
(6) 3D graphic operations：Computer is contrasted the three-D profile B of printing portion and target product threedimensional model A,
Not yet printing portion C and many printing portion D geometry and volume are obtained by Boolean calculation；
(7) judge and decision-making：Not yet printing portion C, many printing portion D and target product threedimensional model A volume ratio is respectively
E, F, E, F and threshold value G are compared：If F is more than G, step (8) is performed；Otherwise, step (9) is performed；
(8) computer-made decision printing portion and target product deviation exceed setting range, time-out printing, and point out product need
Want artificial treatment；Return to step (5) after artificial treatment；
(9) if E and F are respectively less than G, the printing of computer-made decision product is completed, and meets target call, terminates to print and export
Final products；Otherwise, step (10) is performed；
(10) computer-made decision product printing is not completed, and printing portion meets sets requirement, continues to print not yet printing portion
Divide C, perform step (11)；
(11) control system continues to read section file, successively prints, and continue to enter in the way of described in step (5)~(9)
Row circulation, until completing printing, and exports final products.
2. the Method of printing of the 3D printer according to claim 1 with 3-D graphic reponse system, it is characterised in that
The height of the 3D scanners (9) is less than the maximum height that printing head (3) Z-direction is moved.
3. the Method of printing of the 3D printer according to claim 2 with 3-D graphic reponse system, it is characterised in that
In the step (1), the threedimensional model file of product to be printed can be directly inputted in computer, can also be on computers
Threedimensional model is directly set up with mapping software, and is converted into the file of stl forms.
4. the Method of printing of the 3D printer according to claim 3 with 3-D graphic reponse system, it is characterised in that
In the step (4), the first layer of the section file is the bottom of threedimensional model.
5. the Method of printing of the 3D printer according to claim 4 with 3-D graphic reponse system, it is characterised in that
In the step (5), during time-out printing, control system control drive device keeps in situ, and the heating closed in printing head
Device carries out natural cooling.
6. the Method of printing of the 3D printer according to claim 5 with 3-D graphic reponse system, it is characterised in that
In the step (10), receive after continuation print command, control system starts the heater on printing head.
7. the Method of printing of the 3D printer according to claim 6 with 3-D graphic reponse system, it is characterised in that
In the step (11), the section file of reading is adjusted by computer according to the three-D profile of printing portion.
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| CN204566691U (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-08-19 | 姚善良 | A kind of 3-D scanning printer |
| CN205395199U (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-07-27 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | 3D printer with 3 -D graphic feedback system |
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| US11872762B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 | 2024-01-16 | Jabil Inc. | Apparatus, system and method of operating an additive manufacturing nozzle |
| US11878469B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 | 2024-01-23 | Jabil Inc. | Apparatus, system and method of operating an additive manufacturing nozzle |
| US11878468B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 | 2024-01-23 | Jabil Inc. | Apparatus, system and method of operating an additive manufacturing nozzle |
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