CN105666855B - 一种复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构 - Google Patents

一种复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构 Download PDF

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CN105666855B
CN105666855B CN201610181722.0A CN201610181722A CN105666855B CN 105666855 B CN105666855 B CN 105666855B CN 201610181722 A CN201610181722 A CN 201610181722A CN 105666855 B CN105666855 B CN 105666855B
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composite tube
glue
connection structure
metal parts
splicing
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CN105666855A (zh
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胡业发
杨沫
周祖德
张锦光
丁国平
宋春生
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/54Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts
    • B29C65/542Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts by injection
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明是复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构,其由复合材料圆管(1)和与之采用胶接方式相连的金属部件(2)组成,其中:在复合材料圆管(1)的连接处设有若干个注胶口(6),在金属部件(2)的连接处自左向右依次加工有安装第一环形密封圈(3)的槽、胶槽(4)、导胶槽(5)和安装第二环形密封圈(7)的槽。本发明可大幅度减少复合材料胶接缺陷,提高复合材料胶接连接的性能和可靠性,具有广泛的应用前景。

Description

一种复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料圆管胶接连接结构,更具体的是一种复合材料圆管与金属胶接的连接结构。
背景技术
现代高科技的发展离不开复合材料。复合材料具有提高结构整体性的优越条件,但是由于设计、工艺、成本和使用维护等方面的需要或限制,还需要一定的设计和工艺分离面、维护口盖和多种外挂接口等。这些部位的载荷传递必须有相应的连接方式来解决,因此复合材料连接结构是不可避免的。连接设计在复合材料结构中是必不可少的关键环节。连接通常出现在复合材料部件与金属部件或复合材料部件的过渡区域,由于应力集中的原因,连接部位通常是结构的薄弱环节。复合材料连接主要包括机械连接、胶接连接、混合连接、多边形连接等,从连接效率来看,复合材料结构应尽量采用共固化或胶接,少用机械连接,以免钻孔切断纤维同时引起应力集中。胶接结构具有质轻、表面光滑、耐腐蚀性能好、变形小等优点。
但是目前复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构存在以下缺陷:
1.复合材料圆管胶接的胶层厚度不易控制,容易形成胶层厚度不均匀现象;
2.复合材料圆管在胶接时由于圆管的结构特点不易加温加压;
3.缺少可靠的无损检测方法,胶接质量控制比较困难,可靠性较差;
4.胶层厚度增大时,胶层易产生气泡等缺陷;
5.胶粘剂的固化是聚合反应,易产生残余应力;
6.容易形成胶瘤,影响胶接性能。
因此需要设计一种复合材料圆管胶接的新结构,从而改善复合材料圆管胶接处的性能。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:为了克服现有复合材料圆管胶接连接技术中存在的不足,提供一种复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构,以减少复合材料圆管胶接产生的缺陷和性能分散,解决强度弱、容易发生破坏的问题。
本发明解决其技术问题采用以下的技术方案:
本发明提供的复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构,其由复合材料圆管和与之采用胶接方式相连的金属部件组成,其中:在复合材料圆管的连接处设有若干个注胶口,在金属部件的连接处自左向右依次加工有安装第一环形密封圈的槽、胶槽、导胶槽和安装第二环形密封的槽。
所述胶接方式是:采用真空辅助方法注胶,然后对注入的胶粘剂加压的方法实现对胶层的加压。
所述的复合材料圆管和金属部件,其通过安装第二环形密封圈的槽的右侧轴肩处以间隙配合和胶槽的深度来保证胶层的厚度处于0.1mm~0.2mm范围内。
所述的注胶口为圆形通孔,最少为两个。
本发明提供的上述复合材料管胶接连接结构,其用途是:通过该胶接连接结构的复合材料管、金属部件和密封圈构成一个密闭的、尺寸稳定的胶接区域。
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点:
1.由于采用了复合材料管在外、嵌入环形密封圈的金属部件在内的这种复合材料与金属部件胶接的结构形式,使胶接区域构成了一个密闭的、尺寸稳定的注胶腔。在胶接时,能够很好的保证胶接胶层的位置和厚度。在固化过程中持续地通过注胶口对胶层加胶加压,可大大减少胶层中的气泡和由于聚合反应造成的残余应力。
2.由于密封圈的存在,可以消除胶接位置胶瘤的产生,特别是消除了复合材料圆管胶接内腔中的胶瘤。
3.由于复合材料管上的打孔位置不处于传递载荷的胶接区域,因此加工处纤维的不连续和加工缺陷不会影响复合材料管的力学性能。
4.该复合材料管胶接连接结构大幅度减少了复合材料胶接缺陷,提高了胶接的性能和可靠性。
附图说明
图1为本发明复合材料管胶接连接结构的剖视图。
图2为本发明复合材料管胶接连接结构的主视图。
图3为复合材料管1的结构示意图。
图4为金属部件2的结构示意图。
图5为金属部件2的主视图。
图中:1.复合材料管;2.金属部件;3.密封圈;4.胶槽;5.导胶槽;6.注胶口;7.密封圈。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步说明。
本发明提供的复合材料圆管胶接连接结构,采用复合材料管1在外、嵌入环形密封圈3和7、金属部件2在内的这种复合材料与金属部件胶接的结构形式,如图1至图5所示。
所述复合材料管1两端加工出若干个注胶口6,且注胶口6的位置处于胶接区域外。
所述金属部件2上加工出胶槽4、导胶槽5,以及用于安装密封圈3和密封圈7的槽。
所述安装密封圈3和密封圈6的槽位于胶槽4、导胶槽5的两侧。
所述导胶槽5的宽度可大于注胶口6的直径,以方便复合材料管1与金属部件2装配时使导胶槽5与注胶口6位置对上,便于注胶和排气。
所述复合材料管1和金属部件2,其通过密封圈7右端轴肩的间隙配合,和胶槽4的深度来保证胶层厚度范围,一般为0.1mm~0.2mm。
本发明提供的上述复合材料圆管胶接连接结构,其制备方法如下:
复合材料管1由纤维缠绕、预浸料铺层、拉挤成型或热缩成型制成管件,并在胶接区域外的管端合适位置,采用钻削加工方法钻若干个注胶口6。
在金属部件2上,采用车削加工方式制成密封圈3、密封圈7的环形槽和胶槽4,采用铣削加工方式制成导胶槽5。
胶槽4的深度为所设计的胶层厚度,胶槽表面粗糙度要求高时,可采用精车或磨削加工得到。
复合材料管1和金属部件2装配前先将密封圈3、密封圈7套入金属部件2上,装配时,应保证导胶槽5与注胶口6位置对齐。
注胶方法为真空辅助注胶,即封闭注胶口,在用于排气的注胶口处接真空泵,抽真空;待胶槽4中接近真空时,打开注胶口,让胶粘剂进入胶槽4,保持抽真空;固化过程中通过注胶口对胶粘剂加压,以保持胶粘剂的固化压力和排除胶层气泡。
上述胶粘剂是采用市场购买的粘结剂完成的,该粘结剂可以是环氧树脂类粘结剂。
本发明提供的上述复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构的用途是:适合各类复合材料圆管胶接连接,特别是胶层厚度、胶层缺陷和胶瘤要求严格的复合材料圆管连接结构,如复合材料液压缸、高精密或高承载的复合材料传动轴、高承载的复合材料拉压杆等。

Claims (3)

1.一种复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构,其特征是由复合材料圆管(1)和与之采用胶接方式相连的金属部件(2)组成,其中:在复合材料圆管(1)的连接处设有注胶口(6),在金属部件(2)的连接处自左向右依次加工有安装第一环形密封圈(3)的槽、胶槽(4)、导胶槽(5)和安装第二环形密封圈(7)的槽;通过复合材料圆管(1)、金属部件(2)和密封圈构成一个密闭的、尺寸稳定的胶接区域;所述的注胶口(6)为圆形通孔,最少为两个,且注胶口(6)位置处于非载荷传递区域。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构,其特征在于所述胶接方式是:采用真空辅助方法注胶,并对注入的胶粘剂加压的方法实现对胶层的加压。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构,其特征在于所述的复合材料圆管(1)和金属部件(2),其通过安装第二环形密封圈(7)的槽的右侧轴肩处以间隙配合和胶槽(4)的深度来保证胶层的厚度处于0.1mm~0.2mm范围内。
CN201610181722.0A 2016-03-28 2016-03-28 一种复合材料圆管的胶接连接结构 Expired - Fee Related CN105666855B (zh)

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CN110285215A (zh) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-27 西北工业大学 一种开孔复合材料封头的密封结构及方法
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Granted publication date: 20190125