CN105652285B - Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator strengthens reception device - Google Patents
Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator strengthens reception device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105652285B CN105652285B CN201610018987.9A CN201610018987A CN105652285B CN 105652285 B CN105652285 B CN 105652285B CN 201610018987 A CN201610018987 A CN 201610018987A CN 105652285 B CN105652285 B CN 105652285B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S17/90—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4816—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of receivers alone
Abstract
A kind of Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator strengthens reception device, includes receiving telescope object lens, receiving telescope eyepiece, condenser lens, half wave plate, polarization beam apparatus, detector, H polarization balance receptions circuit, V polarization balance receptions circuit, data acquisition unit, digital signal processor and image processor.Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar detects target echo signal light and received by receiving telescope, focused on by condenser lens on detector, flashlight forms focal beam spot on the detector face after over-focusing, increase field of view of receiver, the weaker flashlight of the intensity local oscillator light stronger with intensity is interfered on detector, improves receiving sensitivity, pass through balance reception circuit, reception is balanced to the signal that detector receives, common-mode noise is eliminated, improves received signal to noise ratio.The present invention is applied to Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar, has a larger field of view of receiver, and higher receiving sensitivity is simple and compact for structure, it is easy to accomplish, it is practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator to strengthen reception device, and hole is synthesized for looking at straight
Local oscillator enhancing is carried out to flashlight in the laser imaging radar of footpath, to improve receiving sensitivity, and passes through condenser lens focus signal
Light, field of view of receiver is improved, most export detecting target image through process circuit afterwards.
Background technology
The principle of synthetic aperture laser imaging radar takes from the theory of SAR of RF application, is that by
Unique optical imaging means (the synthetic aperture laser imaging radar (I) of centimetres imaging resolution：Defocus and phase bias are hoped
Remote mirror reception antenna, Acta Optica, Vol.28,997~1000,2008).Traditional synthetic aperture laser imaging radar is in side view
Under the conditions of implement distance to Range resolution be imaged, orientation implement aperture synthetic, i.e., side view bore diameter laser imaging thunder
Reach.Side view synthetic aperture laser imaging radar is received using optical heterodyne, by atmospheric interference, motion platform vibration, target speckle
It is very big with the influence such as laser radar system phase place change itself, have a strong impact on the practicality of side view synthetic aperture laser imaging radar
Change.Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar is coaxial concentric and polarized orthogonal to target projection two using wavefront transform principle
Light beam and autodyne reception is carried out, air, motion platform, optical detection and ranging system and the change of speckle equiphase and dry can be substantially reduced
The influence disturbed, it is allowed to use low-quality receiving optics, it is not necessary to optical time delay line, without carrying out real-time beat signal phase
Bit synchronization, be imaged shadow-free the advantages that (Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar principle, Acta Optica, Vol.32,0928002-
1~8,2012).
First technology [1] (Liu Liren, Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar, publication number：) and first technology CN102435996
[2] (hyperbolic wavefront difference self-scanning Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar principle, Acta Optica, Vol.35,0128001-1~
10,2015) using Free Space Optics bridger reception Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar echo-signal in, but due to
The signal light intensity that Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar receives is weaker, and this kind of method can not significantly improve receiving sensitivity.
The content of the invention
The problem of it is an object of the invention to overcome Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar detectivity relatively low, propose
A kind of local oscillator suitable for Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar strengthens reception device, and local oscillator light is done with flashlight
Relate to, the sensitivity of reception system is improved by increasing the incident intensity of local oscillator light, finally export target figure through process circuit
Picture.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator strengthens reception device, and its composition includes：Receiving telescope thing
Mirror, receiving telescope eyepiece, condenser lens, the first half wave plate, the first polarization beam apparatus, the second half wave plate,
Second polarization beam apparatus, the first detector, the second detector, the 3rd half wave plate, the 3rd polarization beam apparatus, the 3rd detection
Device, the 4th detector, H- polarization balance receptions circuit, V- polarization balance receptions circuit, data acquisition unit, Digital Signal Processing
Device, image processor.Above-mentioned part position relations are as follows：
Described receiving telescope object lens and receiving telescope eyepiece composition receiving telescope system, flashlight is by receiving
Telescopic system is received, and the first detector, the second detector, the 3rd detector and the 4th detector are focused on by condenser lens
On test surface；
The first described polarization beam apparatus decomposes the H- polarised lights of polarized orthogonal in flashlight and V- polarised lights, H- polarizations
Light is decomposed into two-beam by the second half wave plate and the second polarization beam apparatus successively, be respectively outputted to the first detector and
On second detector；V- polarised lights are decomposed into two-beam by the 3rd half wave plate and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus successively, point
It is not output on the 3rd detector and the 4th detector；
The first described polarization beam apparatus will be divided into two-beam by the local oscillator light of the first half wave plate, wherein a branch of
Two-beam is decomposed into by the second half wave plate and the second polarization beam apparatus successively, is respectively outputted to the first detector and the
On two detectors, and interfered with the H- polarised lights on the first detector and the second detector；Another Shu Yici passes through the 3rd
Half wave plate and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus are decomposed into two-beam, are respectively outputted on the 3rd detector and the 4th detector,
Interfered with the V- polarised lights on the 3rd detector and the 4th detector；
Described H- polarization balance reception circuits receive the first detector and the second detector output signal, V- polarization balances
Receiving circuit receives the 3rd detector and the 4th detector output signal；
Described data acquisition unit collection H- polarization balance reception circuits and V- polarization balance reception circuit output signals, and
It is converted into data signal and is output in digital signal processor and carries out Digital Signal Processing, the letter after digital signal processor processes
Number it is output to display target image in image processor.
Described detector can be single point detector, 4 quadrant detector or detector array.
Described polarization beam apparatus is the horizontal polarization light transmission to incidence, and orthogonal polarized light reflects.
Angle is set between the optical axis direction of the second described half wave plate and incident ray polarized light polarization direction, and
Angle is set between the optical axis direction of the 3rd described half wave plate and incident ray polarized light polarization direction, causes transmission
The polarization direction of light rotates 45 degree or 135 degree.
The present invention has following features：
1st, condenser lens of the present invention focuses on flashlight on detector, improves field of view of receiver.
2nd, the first polarization beam apparatus of the present invention divides the H- polarised lights of polarized orthogonal in flashlight and V- polarised lights
Solution, introducing the stronger local oscillator light of intensity, the H- polarised light and V- polarised light weaker with intensity is interfered respectively, to H- polarised lights
Local oscillator enhancing is carried out with V- polarised lights, improves receiving sensitivity.
3. the letter that H- polarization balance reception circuits of the present invention and V- polarization balance reception circuits receive detector
Reception number is balanced, eliminates common-mode noise, improves received signal to noise ratio.
4th, detector of the present invention can be single-point photodetector or four-quadrant photo detector or battle array
Row photodetector, to realize the segmentation to flashlight and local oscillator light coherent states field, further increase receives big visual field, and raising connects
Receive sensitivity.
The technique effect of the present invention：
The present invention receives for Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar and handles detection target echo signal, using polarization
Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar is detected H- polarised lights and V- polarised lights in target echo signal and separated by beam splitter,
And interfered respectively with stronger local oscillator light, the flashlight of reception is focused on detector using condenser lens, and with flat
The signal that weighing apparatus receiving circuit receives to detector is balanced reception, gathers balance reception signal by data acquisition unit, passes through
Digital signal processor and image processor finally show detecting target image.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator of the present invention strengthens reception device structure chart.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the protection of the present invention should not be limited with this
Scope.
Referring initially to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator enhancing reception device structure chart of the present invention.
As seen from Figure 1, a kind of Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator enhancing reception device, its composition include：Receiving telescope
Object lens 11, receiving telescope eyepiece 12, condenser lens 13, the first half wave plate 14, the first polarization beam apparatus the 15, the 2nd 2
/ mono- wave plate 16, the second polarization beam apparatus 17, the first detector 18, the second detector 19, the 3rd half wave plate 20,
Three polarization beam apparatus 21, the 3rd detector 22, the 4th detector 23, H- polarization balance receptions circuit 24, V- polarization balance receptions
Circuit 25, data acquisition unit 26, digital signal processor 27, image processor 28.Above-mentioned part position relations are as follows：
Described receiving telescope object lens 11 form receiving telescope system with receiving telescope eyepiece 12, and flashlight passes through
Receiving telescope system receives, and injects the first polarization beam apparatus 15 by condenser lens 13, first polarization beam apparatus 15 will be believed
The H- polarised lights of polarized orthogonal and V- polarised lights decompose in number light, and H- polarised lights inject the after the second half wave plate 16
Two polarization beam apparatus 17, and two beams are decomposed into by the second polarization beam apparatus 17, it is respectively focused on the first detector 18 and second
On detector 19；V- polarised lights inject the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 21 after the 3rd half wave plate 20, and inclined by the 3rd
The beam splitter 21 that shakes is decomposed into two beams, is respectively focused on the 3rd detector 22 and the 4th detector 23；Local oscillator light is successively by the
One half wave plate 14 and the first polarization beam apparatus 15 divide for two-beam, wherein a branch of pass through the second half wave plate successively
16 and second polarization beam apparatus 17 be decomposed into two-beam, be respectively outputted on the first detector 18 and the second detector 19, and with
H- polarised lights on first detector 18 and the second detector 19 are interfered；Another Shu Yici passes through the 3rd half wave plate
20 and the 3rd polarization beam apparatus 21 be decomposed into two-beam, be respectively outputted on the 3rd detector 22 and the 4th detector 23, with
V- polarised lights on three detectors 22 and the 4th detector 23 are interfered；H- polarization balance receptions circuit 24 receives the first detection
The output signal of 18 and second detector of device 19, V- polarization balance receptions circuit 25 receive the 3rd detector 22 and the 4th detector 23
Output signal, data acquisition unit 26 gather H- polarization balance receptions circuit 24 and the output signal of V- polarization balance receptions circuit 25,
And be converted into data signal and be output in digital signal processor 27 and carry out Digital Signal Processing, digital signal processor 27 is handled
The display target image into image processor 28 of signal output afterwards.
Described polarization beam apparatus is the horizontal polarization light transmission to incidence, and orthogonal polarized light reflects.
Angle is set between the optical axis direction of the second described half wave plate and incident ray polarized light polarization direction, and
Angle is set between the optical axis direction of the 3rd described half wave plate and incident ray polarized light polarization direction, causes transmission
The polarization direction of light rotates 45 degree or 135 degree.
Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar working condition is its optical axis perpendicular alignmnet target face, radar carrying platform
The direction of motion is straight rail direction (being designated as y directions), and the orthogonal direction of straight rail is cross rail direction (being designated as x directions), and optical axis direction is
The direct-view direction (being designated as z directions) of radar.The motion of radar carrying platform is directly proportional to target lateral position to producing in cross rail
Linear phase term modulation, while in straight rail to producing controllable quadratic term phase history centered on target lengthwise position, because
The transmitting light beam of this Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar is that the coaxially deflection with space parabolic phase wavefront difference is orthogonal partially
The light path that the transmitting dual-beam to shake, wherein H- polarised lights (horizontal polarization light) are propagated is H- passages, V- polarised light (vertical polarizations
Light) propagate light path be H- passages.Can analyze one cross rail to coordinate be xp, straight rail to coordinate be ypTarget point
It is imaged to explain the imaging process of whole target.
Target point (xp,yp) echo-signal on receiving telescope object lens 11 for two equicohesive polarized orthogonals H-
Polarised light and V- polarised lights, can be expressed as：
The space quadrature of echo-signal is：
The space quadrature of Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar echo-signal include cross rail to linear phase term adjust
System and straight rail to phase quadratic term course, form can be expressed as：
Wherein, x and y be receiving telescope object lens 11 on coordinate position, kxpAnd kypFor echo-signal coefficient of curvature, α is
The fast time platform move cross rail to illumination spot center time parameter, β be the slow time platform move straight rail to
Illumination spot center time parameter.WithThe respectively air of H- passages and V- passages, motion platform, light thunder
Up to the phase place change and interference of system and speckle.Due to H- passages and V- passage common optical axis, therefore have
There is the automatic ability for eliminating phase place change and interference.
After receiving telescope, the signal on the exit facet of receiving telescope eyepiece 12 is：
Wherein receiving telescope objective focal length is f2, receiving telescope eyepiece focal length is f1, M is telescope enlargement ratio M=
f1/f2。
After receiving telescope, focused on by the condenser lens 13 that focal length is f, by the He of the second half slide 16
The beam splitting of polarization beam apparatus 17, signal of the H- polarised lights on the first detector 18 and the second detector 19 are：
Signal of the V- polarised lights on the 3rd detector 22 and the 4th detector 23 be：
Wherein, λ is optical maser wavelength, CHS(xp, yp：α, β) and CVS(xp, yp：α, β) it is to receive echo-signal on detector
Amplitude,WithTo receive echo-signal on detector
Phase,
For spatial frequency on detector, xfAnd yfFor coordinate position on detector.
WithRespectively echo-signal passes through in the focusing of condenser lens 13 phase delay introduced, because H is inclined
Shake and focused on V polarised lights by the common optical axis of condenser lens 13, therefore
Local oscillator light can be approximately plane wave, and the first detector 18, the second detector 19, the 3rd detector 22 and the 4th detect
Local oscillator light can be expressed as on device 23：
Wherein,For local oscillator laser initial phase,Reflect, travel to by polarization beam apparatus 15 for local oscillator laser
The phase delay introduced on first detector 18 and the second detector 19,For local oscillator laser light polarization beam apparatus 15, pass
It is multicast to the phase delay introduced on the 3rd detector 22 and the 4th detector 23.
Coherent area is D on detectorxf×Dyf, the coherent reception integration on the first detector 18 and the second detector 19
Luminous power is：
From integration luminous power, amplify by detector opto-electronic conversion and across resistance, optical signal can be obtained and be converted into voltage
The expression formula of signal, according to above-mentioned calculating, can further try to achieve the H- polarization output voltage signals of balance receiver 24 is：
Data acquisition unit 26 is acquired to the signal, and digital signal processor 27 carries out Fourier to the signal collected
Conversion, negative frequency component is filtered out by digital filter, then carries out Fourier transformation, and obtaining complex signal is：
V- polarization plural numberization signals can similarly be obtained：
Wherein, CHrAnd CVrFor the photodetector opto-electronic conversion factor in H- passages and V- passages.By V- polarization plural numberization letters
Number complex conjugate thinks multiplied arrive with H- polarization plural numberization signals：
Because local oscillator light is shorter to the light path on detector by two separated beam local oscillator laser propagations of polarization beam apparatus 15,
The phase difference of two beam local oscillator laser can be ignored,
Can cross rail to carry out linear phase term modulation one-dimensional Fourier transform focal imaging, straight rail to carry out two
The conjugation quadratic term phase matched filtering focal imaging of secondary item phase history.Digital signal processor 27 is used to complete these behaviour
Make.As：
Wherein：ζ is cross rail to spatial frequency.Above formula can be approximately further：
I (x, y) ≈ (Sx(x)*δ(x+xp))(Sy(y)*δ(y-yp))
Wherein：Sx(x) it is cross rail to relevant point spread function, Sy(y) it is straight rail to relevant point spread function.Obvious target
Point imaging center position is in (- xp,yp) on, final digital signal processor 27 is by the signal output after processing to image processor
28, export target image.
On one two dimension target being imaged as a little：
Generally, transmitting terminal can be modulated using lens to phase, and reception signal optical field distribution is：
The space quadrature of echo-signal is：
Wherein, R1And R2For the equivalent quadratic term radius of curvature of echo-signal, Z is target's center's distance, 1/R3=1/R1+1/
R2。
Can further it obtain：
Cross rail to carry out linear phase term modulation one-dimensional Fourier transform focal imaging, straight rail to carry out quadratic term
The conjugation quadratic term phase matched filtering focal imaging of phase history, it is：
Wherein：It is cross rail to spatial frequency.Above formula can be approximately further：
Obvious target point imaging center position is in (- xp,yp) on, final digital signal processor 27 is by the signal after processing
Image processor 28 is output to, exports target image.
Analysis shows, this reception device can be completely used for Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar to target imaging, spirit
Sensitivity is high, and field of view of receiver is big, and principle understands, simple in construction, it is easy to accomplish.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator strengthens reception device, it is characterised by that its composition includes reception and looked in the distance
Endoscope objective lenses (11), receiving telescope eyepiece (12), condenser lens (13), the first half wave plate (14), the first polarization beam splitting
Device (15), the second half wave plate (16), the second polarization beam apparatus (17), the first detector (18), the second detector (19),
3rd half wave plate (20), the 3rd polarization beam apparatus (21), the 3rd detector (22), the 4th detector (23), H- polarizations
Balance reception circuit (24), V- polarization balance reception circuits (25), data acquisition unit (26), digital signal processor (27) and figure
As processor (28), above-mentioned part position relations are as follows：
Described receiving telescope object lens (11) pass through with receiving telescope eyepiece (12) composition receiving telescope system, flashlight
Receiving telescope system is received, and the first polarization beam apparatus (15), first polarization beam apparatus are injected by condenser lens (13)
(15) the H- polarised lights of polarized orthogonal in flashlight and V- polarised lights are decomposed, H- polarised lights are through the second half wave plate (16)
Afterwards, the second polarization beam apparatus (17) is injected, and two beams are decomposed into by the second polarization beam apparatus (17), is respectively focused on the first spy
Survey on device (18) and the second detector (19)；V- polarised lights inject the 3rd polarization beam splitting after the 3rd half wave plate (20)
Device (21), and two beams are decomposed into by the 3rd polarization beam apparatus (21), it is respectively focused on the 3rd detector (22) and the 4th and visits
Survey on device (23)；
Local oscillator light injects the first polarization beam apparatus (15) through the first half wave plate (14), and first polarization beam apparatus (15) will
Local oscillator light is divided into two beams, wherein it is a branch of after the second half wave plate (16), the second polarization beam apparatus (17) is injected, and pass through
Second polarization beam apparatus (17) is decomposed into two beams, is respectively outputted on the first detector (18) and the second detector (19), and with
H- polarised lights on first detector (18) and the second detector (19) are interfered；Another beam is through the 3rd half wave plate
(20) after, the 3rd polarization beam apparatus (21) is injected, and two beams are decomposed into by the 3rd polarization beam apparatus (21), is respectively outputted to
On 3rd detector (22) and the 4th detector (23), and polarized with the V- on the 3rd detector (22) and the 4th detector (23)
Light is interfered；
Described H- polarization balance reception circuits (24) receive the first detector (18) and the second detector (19) output letter respectively
Number, V- polarization balance reception circuits (25) receive the 3rd detector (22) and the 4th detector (23) output signal, data respectively
After collector (26) gathers the output signal of H- polarization balance reception circuits (24) and V- polarization balance reception circuits (25) respectively,
It is converted into data signal and is output to progress Digital Signal Processing in digital signal processor (27), through digital signal processor (27)
Signal output after the processing display target image into image processor (28).
2. Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator according to claim 1 strengthens reception device, it is characterised in that
First polarization beam apparatus decomposes the H- polarised lights of polarized orthogonal in flashlight and V- polarised lights, introduces the stronger local oscillator light of intensity
The H- polarised light weaker with intensity and V- polarised lights are interfered respectively.
3. Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator according to claim 1 strengthens reception device, it is characterised in that
Flashlight is focused on the first detector (18), the second detector (19), the 3rd detector (22) and by described condenser lens
On four detectors (23).
4. Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator according to claim 1 strengthens reception device, it is characterised in that
Angle is set between the optical axis direction of the second described half wave plate (16) and incident ray polarized light polarization direction, and described
The 3rd half wave plate (20) optical axis direction and incident ray polarized light polarization direction between angle set, cause transmission
The polarization direction of light rotates 45 degree or 135 degree.
5. Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar local oscillator according to claim 1 strengthens reception device, it is characterised in that
Described the first detector (18), the second detector (19), the 3rd detector (22) and the 4th detector (23) is single-point light
Electric explorer, four-quadrant photo detector or array photodetectors.
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| CN102435996A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-05-02 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar |
| CN104965206A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Phase encoding cross-polarization synthetic aperture laser imaging radar |
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| US7474332B2 (en) * | 2003-08-28 | 2009-01-06 | Raytheon Company | Synthetic aperture ladar system and method using real-time holography |
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| CN102435996A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-05-02 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Orthoptic synthetic aperture laser imaging radar |
| CN104965206A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Phase encoding cross-polarization synthetic aperture laser imaging radar |
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