CN105652033B - The measuring device and method of Particle Velocity based on spider net type electrostatic transducer - Google Patents
The measuring device and method of Particle Velocity based on spider net type electrostatic transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105652033B CN105652033B CN201610147251.1A CN201610147251A CN105652033B CN 105652033 B CN105652033 B CN 105652033B CN 201610147251 A CN201610147251 A CN 201610147251A CN 105652033 B CN105652033 B CN 105652033B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/08—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring variation of an electric variable directly affected by the flow, e.g. by using dynamo-electric effect
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measuring devices of the Particle Velocity based on spider net type electrostatic transducer, including sequentially connected spider net type electrostatic transducer, signal conditioning circuit, data acquisition equipment, computer；Spider net type electrostatic transducer includes upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array, upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array are embedded in insulation tube, upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array have one end to be connect with signal conditioning circuit by single shielded wire across insulation tube, the pipe outer wall that insulate wraps up a layer insulating, and metallic shield is close in the outside of insulating layer.Invention additionally discloses the measurement methods using above-mentioned measuring device.Measuring device of the present invention is simple in structure, cheap, high sensitivity, due to the characteristic that its feeling of passivity is answered, also higher operating rate, can quickly determine electrically charged particle flow section concentration and its VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid electrostatic measurement technical fields, and in particular to one kind being based on spider net type electrostatic transducer
Particle Velocity measuring device, further relate to the measurement method of above-mentioned measuring device.
Background technology
In powder pneumatic transmission process, due to particle and particle, the collision between particle and tube wall can make conveying
Charge on powder band, to form electrostatic flow noise in the pipeline of conveying.Electrostatic transducer is the principle based on electrostatic induction
Detect the electrostatic flow noise, analyzed in conjunction with corresponding signal, can be extracted from the electrostatic flow noise particle speed,
The information such as concentration, mass flow.At present both at home and abroad to electrostatic transducer application research be mainly Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid speed and
Measurement of concetration, and realize the electrostatic chromatography imaging technique of Flow Regime Ecognition.The speed of wherein particle is description Gas-solid Two-phase Flow
One important parameter of characteristic, realize particle speed distribution it is real-time detection for understand internal fluid flow regime, it is energy saving and
Control has great importance.Most study is ring electrode at present, needle electrode, measurement of the matrix electrodes to speed, with
And annular array formula electrostatic transducer, the electrostatic chromatography imaging technique (EST) of realization.Wherein cyclic annular and matrix electrostatic transducer master
It applies in terms of relevant speed measurement.And array type electrostatic sensor is mainly used in electrostatic chromatographic imaging system.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of measuring devices of the Particle Velocity based on spider net type electrostatic transducer, solve
The problem of existing electrostatic transducer can not obtain VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION in flow field.
The purpose of the present invention is also provide the measurement method of above-mentioned measuring device.
The first technical solution of the present invention is, a kind of Particle Velocity based on spider net type electrostatic transducer
Measuring device, including sequentially connected spider net type electrostatic transducer, signal conditioning circuit, data acquisition equipment, computer；Spider web
Formula electrostatic transducer includes upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array, upper layer electrostatic induction electrode array
Row and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array are embedded in insulation tube, upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array and lower layer's electrostatic induction electricity
Pole array has one end to be connect with signal conditioning circuit by single shielded wire across insulation tube, and insulation pipe outer wall wraps up one layer
It is close to metallic shield in the outside of insulating layer, insulating layer.
The characteristics of the first technical solution of the present invention, also resides in,
Signal conditioning circuit is multiple signals selection circuit and amplify filter rectifier all the way and connect or multichannel is mutual
Amplification filter rectifier in parallel.
Upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array includes M root electrode a, M the root electrode a that are mutually parallel in same plane, M root electrodes
Distance is identical between adjacent electrode a in a, and M root electrodes a is connect by single shielded wire with signal conditioning circuit.
Lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array includes M root electrode b, M the root electrode b that are mutually parallel in same plane, M root electrodes
Distance is identical between adjacent electrode b in b, and electrode b is mutually perpendicular to electrode a, M root electrodes b by single shielded wire with
Signal conditioning circuit connects.
Between plane where upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array and the plane where lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array
Spacing takes 2-10 millimeters.
The length of metallic shield at least more than where upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array plane and lower layer's electrostatic induction
The spacing between plane where electrod-array, generally takes 4-10 times of above-mentioned spacing.
Second of technical solution of the present invention be：A kind of Particle Velocity based on spider net type electrostatic transducer
Measurement method is specifically implemented according to the following steps：
Step 1：The roads the M electrostatic signal of upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array is acquired respectively
Xi(n) and Yi(n), then root-mean-square value is carried out respectively to collected electrostatic signal to handle to obtain
Wherein, n is sampling point sequence, and N is the total sampling number of electrostatic signal, and i is the i-th road signal；
Step 2：To collected electrostatic signal Xi(n) and Yi(n) Fourier transformation is carried out respectively obtain FXi(k)、FYi
(k) it is：
Wherein, n is sampling point sequence, and N is the total sampling number of electrostatic signal, and k is discrete frequency variable, and i believes for the i-th road
Number；
Step 3：The FX obtained according to step 2i(k)、FYi(k) peak value [FXi(k)]max[FYi(k)]maxIt is corresponding from
Scatterplot number is KX(i)、KY(i)；
Step 4：The discrete points obtained in step 3 are KX(i)、KY(i)Locate corresponding frequency fX (i), fY (i) is：
FX (i)=Kx(i)·F (5)
FY (i)=Ky(i)·F (6)
Wherein, F is the frequency resolution of spectrum analysis；
Step 5：The speed v of i-th electrode a detection of upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-arrayxiFor：
vxi=k0·fX(i) (7)
The speed v of i-th electrode b detection of lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-arrayyiFor：
vyi=k0·fY(i) (8)
Wherein, k0For speed dimensionless correction coefficient, determined by experimental calibration；
Step 6：Electrostatic induction electrod-array and the lower layer's electrostatic sense at the middle and upper levels of the spider net type electrostatic transducer of M × M root electrodes
Answer the intertexture node that electrod-array intersects two-by-two be respectively J11, J12 ..., J1M, J21, J22 ..., J2M ..., JM1,
JM2 ..., JMM,
Assuming that all particle band identical charges for flowing through spider net type electrostatic transducer, then charged particle is at intertexture node
Concentration distribution is：
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of the charged particle at intertexture node be：
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of measurement dress of Particle Velocity based on spider net type electrostatic transducer of the present invention
It sets, simple in structure, various informative, flexible arrangement, cheap, high sensitivity, and due to the characteristic that its feeling of passivity is answered, has
Higher operating rate, the speciality with extremely superior measuring speed；Spider net type electrostatic transducer upper layer is utilized in the present invention
Characteristic interlaced electrode a and electrode b between electrostatic induction electrod-array and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array, can be quick
Determine electrically charged particle flow section concentration and its VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of measuring device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the front view of spider net type electrostatic transducer in measuring device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of spider net type electrostatic transducer in measuring device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram one of signal conditioning circuit in measuring device of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram two of signal conditioning circuit in measuring device of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the intertexture node schematic diagram of spider net type electrostatic transducer in measuring device of the present invention.
In figure, 1. spider net type electrostatic transducers, 2. multiple signals selection circuits, 3. amplification filter rectifiers, 4. data
Collecting device, 5. computers, 6. upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-arrays, 7. lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-arrays, the shielding of 8. singles are led
Line, 9. insulation tubes, 10. metallic shields, 11. electrode a, 12. electrode b.
Specific implementation mode
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of measuring device of the Particle Velocity based on spider net type electrostatic transducer of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, include according to
Spider net type electrostatic transducer 1, signal conditioning circuit, data acquisition equipment 4, the computer 5 of secondary connection.
1 front view of spider net type electrostatic transducer as shown in Fig. 2, vertical view as shown in figure 3, include upper layer electrostatic induction electrode
Array 6 and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array 7, upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array 6 and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array 7 are inlayed
In insulation tube 9 and particle flow field is invaded, upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array 6 and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array 7 have
One end is connect by single shielded wire 8 with signal conditioning circuit across insulation tube 9, and 9 outer wall of insulation tube wraps up a layer insulating,
Metallic shield 10 is close in the outside of insulating layer, insulation tube is wrapped up in outside metallic shield, to 6 He of upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array
The external interference signal of lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array 7 is shielded.
Upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array 6 includes that M root the electrodes a11, M being mutually parallel take 2-10 roots, M root electrodes a11 to exist
Same plane, distance is identical between adjacent electrode a11 in M root electrodes a11.Lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array 7 includes and electrode
A11 the quantity equal electrode b12 being mutually parallel, electrode b12 also electrode adjacent in same plane, M root electrodes b12
Distance is identical between b12, and electrode b12 is mutually perpendicular to electrode a11, and M root electrode a11 and M root electrodes b12 is shielded by single
Conducting wire 8 is connect with signal conditioning circuit.Plane where upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array 6 and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array
Plane where 7 is parallel, and the spacing between them should not cause too large disturbances to be advisable with stream field, and its spacing takes 2-10 millimeters；
Metallic shield 10 should carry out good earth, and the length of metallic shield 10 is at least more than upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array 6
Spacing between the plane at place and the plane where lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array 7, generally takes 4-10 times of above-mentioned spacing.
Signal conditioning circuit can be that multiple signals selection circuit 2 as shown in Figure 4 is gone here and there with amplification filter rectifier 3 all the way
Connection, M root electrode a11 make timesharing and answer with M root electrodes b12 access multiple signals selection circuit, amplification filter rectifier 3
The signal of single channel output, signal conditioning circuit may be multichannel as shown in Figure 5 amplification filter rectification electricity parallel with one another
Road 3, amplification filter rectifier in parallel with the M root electrodes access roads 2M b12 M root electrode a11, is allowed to the letter exported for the roads 2M
Number.The signal of single channel output or the signal of the roads 2M output are sent into computer 5 by data acquisition equipment 4, by computer 5 to data
The output signal of collecting device 4 carries out root-mean-square value processing and spectrum analysis, and determines signal strength and spectral peak frequency, into
And calculate the distribution situation for obtaining particle speed and concentration in heavy caliber dilute phase flow tube road.
A kind of measurement method of the Particle Velocity based on spider net type electrostatic transducer of the present invention, is carried out using above-mentioned apparatus
It measures, is specifically implemented according to the following steps：
Step 1：The roads the M electrostatic letter of acquisition upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array 6 and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array 7 respectively
Number Xi(n) and Yi(n), then root-mean-square value is carried out respectively to collected electrostatic signal to handle to obtain
Wherein, n is sampling point sequence, and N is the total sampling number of electrostatic signal, and i is the i-th road signal；
Step 2：To collected electrostatic signal Xi(n) and Yi(n) Fourier transformation is carried out respectively obtain FXi(k)、FYi
(k) it is：
Wherein, n is sampling point sequence, and N is the total sampling number of electrostatic signal, and k is discrete frequency variable, and i believes for the i-th road
Number；
Step 3：The FX obtained according to step 2i(k)、FYi(k) peak value [FXi(k)]max[FYi(k)]maxIt is corresponding from
Scatterplot number is KX(i)、KY(i)；
Step 4：The discrete points obtained in step 3 are KX(i)、KY(i)Locate corresponding frequency fX (i), fY (i) is：
FX (i)=Kx(i)·F (5)
FY (i)=Ky(i)·F (6)
Wherein, F is the frequency resolution of spectrum analysis；
Step 5：The speed v of i-th electrode a11 detection of upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array 6xiFor：
vxi=k0·fX(i) (7)
The speed v of i-th electrode b12 detection of lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array 7yiFor：
vyi=k0·fY(i) (8)
Wherein, k0For speed dimensionless correction coefficient, determined by experimental calibration；
Step 6：As shown in fig. 6, the spider net type electrostatic transducer of M × M root electrodes 6 He of electrostatic induction electrod-array at the middle and upper levels
The intertexture node that lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array 7 intersects two-by-two be respectively J11, J12 ..., J1M, J21, J22 ...,
J2M ..., JM1, JM2 ..., JMM,
Assuming that all particle band identical charges for flowing through spider net type electrostatic transducer, then charged particle is at intertexture node
Concentration distribution is：
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of the charged particle at intertexture node be：
Claims (1)
1. a kind of measurement method of the Particle Velocity based on spider net type electrostatic transducer, which is characterized in that the measurement of use fills
The concrete structure set is：
Including sequentially connected spider net type electrostatic transducer (1), signal conditioning circuit, data acquisition equipment (4), computer (5)；
Spider net type electrostatic transducer (1) includes upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array (6) and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array (7),
Upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array (6) and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array (7) are embedded in insulation tube (9), upper layer electrostatic
Induction electrode array (6) and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array (7) have one end to pass through single shielded wire across insulation tube (9)
(8) it is connect with signal conditioning circuit, insulation tube (9) outer wall wraps up a layer insulating, and metallic shield is close in the outside of insulating layer
It covers (10)；
The upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array (6) includes M root electrode a (11), and M root electrode a (11) are in same plane and mutually
Parallel, distance is identical between adjacent electrode a (11) in M root electrode a (11), and M root electrode a (11) are led by single shielding
Line (8) is connect with the signal conditioning circuit；
Lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array (7) includes M root electrode b (12), and M root electrode b (12) are in same plane and mutually
Parallel, distance is identical between adjacent electrode b (12) in M root electrode b (12), and electrode b (12) mutually hangs down with the electrode a (11)
Directly, M roots electrode b (12) is connect by the single shielded wire (8) with the signal conditioning circuit；
It is specifically implemented according to the following steps：
Step 1：The roads the M electrostatic letter of acquisition upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array (6) and lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array (7) respectively
Number Xi(n) and Yi(n), then root-mean-square value is carried out respectively to collected electrostatic signal to handle to obtain
Wherein, n is sampling point sequence, and N is the total sampling number of electrostatic signal, and i is the i-th road signal；
Step 2：To collected electrostatic signal Xi(n) and Yi(n) Fourier transformation is carried out respectively obtain FXi(k)、FYi(k) it is：
Wherein, n is sampling point sequence, and N is the total sampling number of electrostatic signal, and k is discrete frequency variable, and i is the i-th road signal；
Step 3：The FX obtained according to step 2i(k)、FYi(k) peak value [FXi(k)]max[FYi(k)]maxCorresponding discrete point
Number is KX(i)、KY(i)；
Step 4：The discrete points obtained in step 3 are KX(i)、KY(i)Locate corresponding frequency fX (i), fY (i) is：
FX (i)=Kx(i)·F (5)
FY (i)=Ky(i)·F (6)
Wherein, F is the frequency resolution of spectrum analysis；
Step 5：The speed v of i-th electrode a (11) detection of upper layer electrostatic induction electrod-array (6)xiFor：
vxi=k0·fX(i) (7)
The speed v of i-th electrode b (12) detection of lower layer's electrostatic induction electrod-array (7)yiFor：
vyi=k0·fY(i) (8)
Wherein, k0For speed dimensionless correction coefficient, determined by experimental calibration；
Step 6：Electrostatic induction electrod-array (6) and the lower layer's electrostatic induction at the middle and upper levels of the spider net type electrostatic transducer of M × M root electrodes
The intertexture node that electrod-array (7) intersects two-by-two be respectively J11, J12 ..., J1M, J21, J22 ..., J2M ..., JM1,
JM2 ..., JMM,
Assuming that all particles band identical charges for flowing through spider net type electrostatic transducer, then concentration of the charged particle at intertexture node
It is distributed as：
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of the charged particle at intertexture node be：
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| CN111535376B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-09-14 | 杭州市城市建设基础工程有限公司 | Construction method of automatic foundation pit monitoring and controlling device |
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