CN105651265A - Wave pressure based method for measuring wave parameters and tide level of sea-spanning bridge construction sea area - Google Patents
Wave pressure based method for measuring wave parameters and tide level of sea-spanning bridge construction sea area Download PDFInfo
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- CN105651265A CN105651265A CN201610211187.9A CN201610211187A CN105651265A CN 105651265 A CN105651265 A CN 105651265A CN 201610211187 A CN201610211187 A CN 201610211187A CN 105651265 A CN105651265 A CN 105651265A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
- G01C13/008—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal measuring depth of open water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/14—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wave pressure based method for measuring wave parameters and tide level of a sea-spanning bridge construction sea area. The method comprises specific steps as follows: step 1, a test point is selected in the construction sea area, a plurality of wave pressure sensors are annularly arranged on the outer surface of a steel pipe pile located in the test point at intervals, and the wave pressure sensors are located in the position 2-4 m lower than a mean water level of the low tide level; step 2, a wave pressure time travel curve corresponding to each wave pressure sensor is generated according to wave pressure values collected by the wave pressure sensor; step 3, one wave pressure sensor with the maximum wave pressure value in a certain time period is selected as a reference wave pressure sensor, and the wave pressure time-travel curve of the reference wave pressure sensor is taken as a reference wave pressure time-travel curve; step 4, the wave parameters and the tide level are calculated according to the reference wave pressure time-travel curve. The structure is simple, and the method is used for comprehensively measuring the wave parameters and the tide level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to element of wave and tidal level field of measuring technique, be specifically related to element of wave and the tidal level measuring method in the Oversea bridge marine site based on wave pressure.
Background technology
Bridge spanning the sea needs in the face of complicated marine environment in construction, and the construction of bridge is had important impact by the environmental load such as high wind, wave, flow velocity, even plays decisive influence factor. In Practical Project, it is typically referenced in " harbour hydrology specification " (JTS145-2-2013) about the relevant regulations of wave force as basis, and element of wave is the important component part of wave force calculation.
Current element of wave test, is usually employing air-gap ultrasonic wave gauge, and this wave instrument can be tested wave height and the cycle of wave, but can not measure direction and the tidal level of wave. Being also adopted by ball water surface wave test device, this device needs to swim in the water surface, and by vibrating the floating state test element of wave of buoyancy aid, owing to wave is created destruction by buoyancy aid itself, thus test result exists certain error. Also adopting the wave direction orientation assay device of a kind of wave buoy, wave direction can be measured by this device, but its measurement key element is comparatively single, and structure relative complex. There are the following problems it can be seen that measure the equipment of element of wave and method in prior art foregoing: measurement device is expensive, measures cost high; Buoyage, maintenance is difficult, affect site operation; Element of wave is measured comparatively single, it is impossible to enough element of wave and tidal level are measured comprehensively.
Summary of the invention
For the defect existed in prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide the element of wave in the Oversea bridge marine site based on wave pressure and tidal level measuring method, for measuring element of wave and the tidal level in bridge construction marine site, there is measurement error little, stable performance and measure comprehensive advantage.
For reaching object above, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that:
Based on the element of wave in Oversea bridge marine site and the tidal level measuring method of wave pressure, specifically comprise the following steps that
Step 1, chooses test point in construction marine site, and at the some wave pressure sensors of outer surface hoop spaced set of the steel-pipe pile being positioned at test point, wave pressure sensor is positioned at below low tide mean water level 2-4 rice;
Step 2, the wave pressure value according to each wave pressure sensor acquisition, generate the wave pressure time-history curves that each wave pressure sensor is corresponding;
Step 3, chooses in certain time period the wave pressure sensor corresponding to highest wave force value for reference to wave pressure transducer, and the wave pressure time-history curves with reference to wave pressure transducer be reference wave pressure time-process curve;
Step 4, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, calculates element of wave and wave tidal level.
On the basis of technique scheme, described element of wave includes wave wave height, wave period, wave pressure and wave direction.
On the basis of technique scheme, the computational methods of wave wave height include:
S1.1, passes through previous experiments, it is thus achieved that wave pressure variables A1, wave wave height A2And the relation that wave pressure sensor is between current tidal level water surface depth below h, its relational expression is:
A2=f (A1, h)
S1.2, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, asks wave pressure meansigma methods to be designated as PFlat, according to formula h=PFlat/ (�� g), wherein �� is water density, and g is acceleration of gravity, is known parameters, calculates the distance h being positioned at below the current tidal level water surface with reference to wave pressure transducer;
S1.3, by the wave pressure variables A of the wave pressure sensor on reference wave pressure time-process curve1After being arranged in current tidal level water surface depth below h substitution step S1.1 relational expression with wave pressure sensor, calculate wave wave height A2��
On the basis of technique scheme, the computational methods of described wave direction include:
S2.1, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, it is judged that the position relationship between wave direction and reference wave pressure transducer, as follows:
Same time period internal reference wave pressure sensor side clockwise and side counterclockwise the wave pressure peak value that records of wave pressure sensor be PSuitableAnd PInverse, the wave pressure peak value recorded with reference to wave pressure transducer is P,
If P is > PSuitable=PInverse, then wave direction is vertical with the piezometric surface of this reference wave pressure transducer;
If P=PSuitable> PInverseOr P=PInverse> PSuitable, then wave direction is positioned at the middle with reference to wave pressure transducer and the wave pressure sensor of its clockwise or counterclockwise;
If P is > PSuitable> PInverseOr P > PInverse> PSuitable, then wave direction is between the wave pressure sensor in reference wave pressure transducer and its direction clockwise or counter-clockwise, now wave direction and be �� with reference to the angle between wave pressure transducer;
S2.2, calculates wave direction and with reference to the angle theta between wave pressure transducer, comprising:
Carry out wave model test, simulate wave direction and wave pressure peak value P that the wave pressure sensor of wave pressure peak value P that the reference wave pressure transducer with reference to the angle theta between wave pressure transducer, wave direction side records and wave direction opposite side recordsSideBetween functional relationship be ��=f (P/PSide);
Extract the wave pressure peak value P of a period of time internal reference wave pressure sensor, and be positioned at the wave pressure peak value P bigger with reference to wave pressure transducer sideSideIf, P > PSuitable> PInverseThen PSide=PSuitableIf, P > PInverse> PSuitableThen PSide=PInverse;
By wave pressure peak value P and PSideSubstitute into functional relation ��=f (P/PSide), the angle calculated between wave direction and reference wave pressure transducer is ��.
On the basis of technique scheme, wherein, step 4, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, calculate comprising the following steps that of wave tidal level,
S3.1, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, asks wave pressure meansigma methods to be designated as PFlat;
S3.2, according to formula h=PFlat/ (�� g), wherein �� is water density, and g is acceleration of gravity, is known parameters, calculates the distance h being positioned at below the current tidal level water surface with reference to wave pressure transducer;
S3.3, it is known that with reference to the setting height(from bottom) of wave pressure transducer, is scaled the distance with reference to wave pressure transducer to tidal datum and is designated as h1, the distance h of below the current tidal level water surface it is positioned at according to the S3.2 reference wave pressure transducer calculated, obtaining current tidal level is H=h+h1��
On the basis of technique scheme, described wave pressure sensor is 24, and the angle between adjacent wave pressure transducer is 15 ��.
On the basis of technique scheme, described steel-pipe pile surface configuration has installing plate, described installing plate buckle-like ringwise, and described wave pressure sensor is installed on described installing plate.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
(1) element of wave in the Oversea bridge marine site based on wave pressure of the present invention and tidal level measuring method, element of wave can be compared comprehensive measurement, as measured wave height, cycle and wave direction, tidal level can be calculated simultaneously, can accurately determine seaway load, instruct bridge spanning the sea construction organization to provide and survey parameter more comprehensively and reliably.
(2) present invention has only to use wave pressure sensor, wave pressure sensor is arranged on steel-pipe pile, there is substantial amounts of steel-pipe pile at the construction field (site), can draw materials everywhere, can effectively control the cost of wave test, it is ensured that the stability of test system and durability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention Wave pressure transducer scheme of installation.
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention Wave pressure transducer scheme of installation.
Fig. 4 is the wave pressure sensor time-history curves in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the wave pressure time-history curves marking wave pressure cycle and meansigma methods in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the wave pressure time-history curves marking wave pressure variable in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram in embodiment of the present invention Wave direction and wave pressure sensor vertical.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that embodiment of the present invention Wave direction is positioned at two wave pressure sensor middles.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram having angle between embodiment of the present invention Wave direction and wave pressure sensor.
In figure: 1-steel-pipe pile, 2-installing plate, 3-wave pressure sensor.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides element of wave and the tidal level measuring method in the Oversea bridge marine site based on wave pressure, specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1, test point is chosen in construction marine site, the wave propagation direction at test point place stops without construction temporary structure, 24 wave pressure sensors 3 of outer surface hoop spaced set at the steel-pipe pile 1 being positioned at test point, angle between adjacent wave pressure transducer 3 is 15 ��, and wave pressure sensor 3 is positioned at below low tide mean water level 2-4 rice;
Referring to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the outer surface of steel-pipe pile 1 is provided with installing plate 2, installing plate 2 buckle-like ringwise, and wave pressure sensor 3 is installed on installing plate 2, and wherein wave pressure sensor is 24.
Step 2, according to the wave pressure value that 24 wave pressure sensors 3 collect according to certain frequency within a period of time, generates the wave pressure time-history curves that 24 wave pressure sensors are corresponding.
Step 3, chooses in certain time period the wave pressure sensor corresponding to highest wave force value for reference to wave pressure transducer, and the wave pressure time-history curves with reference to wave pressure transducer be reference wave pressure time-process curve;
Shown in Figure 4, it is wave pressure sensor 4# with reference to wave pressure transducer, its wave pressure change time-history curves in 60s is with reference to wave pressure time-process curve.
Step 4, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, calculates and obtains element of wave, and wherein element of wave includes wave pressure value, wave wave height, wave period and wave direction,
Wherein, according to the wave pressure value on reference wave pressure time-process curve, calculating wave wave height, the method calculating wave wave height is as follows:
S1.1, early stage calibration experiment is carried out at ocean deepwater laboratory according to " wave model test code ", determine the similarity relation between the test data of experimental data and construction marine site test point, be positioned at current tidal level water surface depth below h by arranging different wave pressure sensors, for instance h=h is set1��h2��h3��h4��h5...., use the test wave height of wave height measuring instrument measurement model experiment, use the test wave pressure of wave pressure sensor measurement model experiment,
Matching wave pressure variables A1With wave wave height A2And the relation that wave pressure sensor is between current tidal level water surface depth below h, its relational expression is:
A2=f (A1, h)
S1.2, shown in Figure 6, extract the wave pressure variables A on the reference wave pressure time-process curve in construction marine site according to reference wave pressure time-process curve1, ask wave pressure meansigma methods to be designated as PFlat, according to formula h=PFlat/ (�� g), wherein �� is water density, and g is acceleration of gravity, is known parameters, calculates the distance h being positioned at below the current tidal level water surface with reference to wave pressure transducer, by wave pressure variables A1It is positioned at the relational expression of the distance h substitution step S1.1 of below the current tidal level water surface with reference wave pressure transducer, obtains wave wave height A2;
S1.3, the wave wave height A that step 1.2 is obtained2Arrange from big to small, obtain the highest wave wave height in this 60s, 1/10 wave wave height, 1/3 wave wave height and mean wave wave height.
Shown in Figure 5, according to the wave pressure cycle on reference wave pressure time-process curve, calculate wave period, the wave pressure cycle is equal with wave period. Wave pressure average is designated as wave pressure zero line, in wave pressure curve uphill process with wave pressure zero line be designated as across zero point, on adjacent two, the time period between zero point is the wave pressure cycle. Owing to the cycle of wave pressure and wave wave height is equal, extract the wave pressure cycle in 60s, the wave pressure cycle is carried out corresponding with wave wave height, draw the highest wave wave height correspondence cycle in this time period, the maximum 1/10 wave wave height correspondence cycle, maximum 1/3 wave wave height correspondence cycle and the mean wave wave height cycle.
Wherein, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, calculate the setting height(from bottom) specifically comprising the following steps that known reference wave pressure sensor of wave tidal level, be scaled the distance with reference to wave pressure transducer to tidal datum and be designated as h1, the distance h of below the current tidal level water surface it is positioned at according to the S1.2 reference wave pressure transducer calculated, obtaining current tidal level is H=h+h1��
Wherein, according to the wave pressure value on reference wave pressure time-process curve, the method calculating wave direction is as follows:
S2.1, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, it is judged that the position relationship between wave direction and reference wave pressure transducer, as follows:
Shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, in the same time period, the wave pressure peak value respectively P that the wave pressure sensor of reference wave pressure transducer side clockwise and side counterclockwise recordsSuitableAnd PInverse, the wave pressure peak value recorded with reference to wave pressure transducer is P, and in the present embodiment, P is wave pressure sensor 4# wave pressure peak value in 60s, PSuitableFor wave pressure sensor 5# wave pressure peak value in 60s, PInverseFor wave pressure sensor 3# wave pressure peak value in 60s,
If P is > PSuitable=PInverse, then wave direction is vertical with the piezometric surface of wave pressure sensor 4#;
If P=PSuitable> PInverse, then wave direction is positioned at wave pressure sensor 4# and the middle of wave pressure sensor 5#, and now wave direction is partial wave wave pressure transducer 5#7.5 �� with the angle of wave pressure sensor 4#;
If P=PInverse> PSuitable, then wave direction is positioned at wave pressure sensor 4# and the middle of wave pressure sensor 3#, and now wave direction is partial wave wave pressure transducer 3#7.5 �� with the angle of wave pressure sensor 4#;
If P is > PSuitable> PInverse, then wave direction is located close in the sector region of wave pressure sensor 4# partial wave wave pressure transducer 5# side, and now the angle between wave direction and wave pressure sensor 4# is ��;
If P is > PInverse> PSuitable, then wave direction is located close in the sector region of wave pressure sensor 4# partial wave wave pressure transducer 3# side, and now the angle between wave direction and wave pressure sensor 4# is ��;
S2.2, calculates the angle theta between wave direction and wave pressure sensor 4#, comprising:
Carry out wave model test, simulate wave direction and wave pressure peak value P that the wave pressure sensor of wave pressure peak value P that the reference wave pressure transducer with reference to the angle theta between wave pressure transducer with wave direction side records and wave direction opposite side recordsSideBetween functional relationship be ��=f (P/PSide);
Extract the wave pressure peak value P of 60s internal reference wave pressure sensor, and be positioned at the wave pressure peak value P bigger with reference to wave pressure transducer sideSide;
Shown in Figure 9, P > P in the present embodimentInverse> PSuitable, wave direction is between wave pressure sensor 3# and wave pressure sensor 4#, therefore PSide=PInverse;
Unrestrained pressure peak P by the unrestrained pressure peak P of wave pressure sensor 4# and wave pressure sensor 3#InverseSubstitute into functional relation ��=f (P/PSide), the angle calculated between wave direction and reference wave pressure transducer is ��.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, and these improvements and modifications are also considered as within protection scope of the present invention. The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (7)
1. based on the element of wave in the Oversea bridge marine site of wave pressure and tidal level measuring method, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
Step 1, chooses test point in construction marine site, and at the some wave pressure sensors of outer surface hoop spaced set of the steel-pipe pile being positioned at test point, wave pressure sensor is positioned at below low tide mean water level 2-4 rice;
Step 2, the wave pressure value according to each wave pressure sensor acquisition, generate the wave pressure time-history curves that each wave pressure sensor is corresponding;
Step 3, chooses in certain time period the wave pressure sensor corresponding to highest wave force value for reference to wave pressure transducer, and the wave pressure time-history curves with reference to wave pressure transducer be reference wave pressure time-process curve;
Step 4, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, calculates element of wave and wave tidal level.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the element of wave in the Oversea bridge marine site of wave pressure and tidal level measuring method, it is characterised in that: described element of wave includes wave wave height, wave period, wave pressure and wave direction.
3. as claimed in claim 2 based on the element of wave in the Oversea bridge marine site of wave pressure and tidal level measuring method, it is characterised in that the computational methods of wave wave height include:
S1.1, passes through previous experiments, it is thus achieved that wave pressure variables A1, wave wave height A2And the relation that wave pressure sensor is between current tidal level water surface depth below h, its relational expression is:
A2=f (A1, h)
S1.2, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, asks wave pressure meansigma methods to be designated as PFlat, according to formula h=PFlat/ (�� g), wherein �� is water density, and g is acceleration of gravity, is known parameters, calculates the distance h being positioned at below the current tidal level water surface with reference to wave pressure transducer;
S1.3, by the wave pressure variables A of the wave pressure sensor on reference wave pressure time-process curve1After being arranged in current tidal level water surface depth below h substitution step S1.1 relational expression with wave pressure sensor, calculate wave wave height A2��
4. as claimed in claim 2 based on the element of wave in the Oversea bridge marine site of wave pressure and tidal level measuring method, it is characterised in that the computational methods of described wave direction include:
S2.1, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, it is judged that the position relationship between wave direction and reference wave pressure transducer, as follows:
Same time period internal reference wave pressure sensor side clockwise and side counterclockwise the wave pressure peak value that records of wave pressure sensor be PSuitableAnd PInverse, the wave pressure peak value recorded with reference to wave pressure transducer is P,
If P is > PSuitable=PInverse, then wave direction is vertical with the piezometric surface of this reference wave pressure transducer;
If P=PSuitable> PInverseOr P=PInverse> PSuitable, then wave direction is positioned at the middle with reference to wave pressure transducer and the wave pressure sensor of its clockwise or counterclockwise;
If P is > PSuitable> PInverseOr P > PInverse> PSuitable, then wave direction is between the wave pressure sensor in reference wave pressure transducer and its direction clockwise or counter-clockwise, now wave direction and be �� with reference to the angle between wave pressure transducer;
S2.2, calculates wave direction and with reference to the angle theta between wave pressure transducer, comprising:
Carry out wave model test, simulate wave direction and wave pressure peak value P that the wave pressure sensor of wave pressure peak value P that the reference wave pressure transducer with reference to the angle theta between wave pressure transducer, wave direction side records and wave direction opposite side recordsSideBetween functional relationship be ��=f (P/PSide);
Extract the wave pressure peak value P of a period of time internal reference wave pressure sensor, and be positioned at the wave pressure peak value P bigger with reference to wave pressure transducer sideSideIf, P > PSuitable> PInverseThen PSide=PSuitableIf, P > PInverse> PSuitableThen PSide=PInverse;
By wave pressure peak value P and PSideSubstitute into functional relation ��=f (P/PSide), the angle calculated between wave direction and reference wave pressure transducer is ��.
5. as claimed in claim 1 based on the element of wave in the Oversea bridge marine site of wave pressure and tidal level measuring method, it is characterised in that: wherein, step 4, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, calculate comprising the following steps that of wave tidal level,
S3.1, according to reference wave pressure time-process curve, asks wave pressure meansigma methods to be designated as PFlat;
S3.2, according to formula h=PFlat/ (�� g), wherein �� is water density, and g is acceleration of gravity, is known parameters, calculates the distance h being positioned at below the current tidal level water surface with reference to wave pressure transducer;
S3.3, it is known that with reference to the setting height(from bottom) of wave pressure transducer, is scaled the distance with reference to wave pressure transducer to tidal datum and is designated as h1, the distance h of below the current tidal level water surface it is positioned at according to the S3.2 reference wave pressure transducer calculated, obtaining current tidal level is H=h+h1��
6. as claimed in claim 1 based on the element of wave in the Oversea bridge marine site of wave pressure and tidal level measuring method, it is characterised in that: described wave pressure sensor is 24, and the angle between adjacent wave pressure transducer is 15 ��.
7. as claimed in claim 1 based on the element of wave in the Oversea bridge marine site of wave pressure and tidal level measuring method, it is characterized in that: described steel-pipe pile surface configuration has installing plate, described installing plate buckle-like ringwise, described wave pressure sensor is installed on described installing plate.
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| CN110986894A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Sea wave monitoring device and sea wave monitoring system |
| CN112577655A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-30 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Method for measuring wave force of structure of sea-crossing bridge |
| CN113008209A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-06-22 | 国家海洋标准计量中心 | Wave buoy or sensor detection system and method based on lead screw and linear guide rail |
| CN113008209B (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2022-07-12 | 国家海洋标准计量中心 | Wave buoy or sensor detection system and method based on lead screw and linear guide rail |
| CN113418512A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-09-21 | 中国海洋大学 | Wave direction measuring method based on differential pressure method |
| CN113418512B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-07-26 | 中国海洋大学 | Wave direction measuring method based on differential pressure method |
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