CN105649564A - Tool string for one-drill-trip window sidetrack drilling of open-hole horizontal well and technological method - Google Patents
Tool string for one-drill-trip window sidetrack drilling of open-hole horizontal well and technological method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105649564A CN105649564A CN201610193875.7A CN201610193875A CN105649564A CN 105649564 A CN105649564 A CN 105649564A CN 201610193875 A CN201610193875 A CN 201610193875A CN 105649564 A CN105649564 A CN 105649564A
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- cylinder
- joint
- pawl
- whipstock
- open
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs, or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/06—Cutting windows, e.g. directional window cutters for whipstock operations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells
- E21B23/04—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of multilateral wells for petroleum drilling and particularly relates to a tool string for one-drill-trip window sidetrack drilling of an open-hole horizontal well and a technological method. The tool string consists of an upper portion drilling tool, an orientation instrument, a starting valve special for orientation, a locking and unlocking device, a screw drilling tool, a drill bit and an open-hole whipstock which are sequentially connected in series. The open-hole whipstock comprises a skew derivation body, an anchoring cylinder and anchoring claws, wherein the anchoring claws are embedded into through holes formed in the wall of the anchoring cylinder, the anchoring claws are fixed to the skew derivation body arranged inside the anchoring cylinder through shear pins, and the upper end of the anchoring cylinder is connected with the skew derivation body through threads. The tool string goes down to a predetermined position, the starting valve special for orientation is turned on after the open-hole whipstock is oriented by the orientation instrument, a pressure is transferred to the open-hole whipstock through a pressure transfer pipeline for anchoring, the screw drilling tool is unlocked, and the drill bit rotates to shear off a shear screw for window sidetrack drilling. The technological method utilizing the tool string can achieve the one-drill-trip window sidetrack drilling of the open-hole horizontal well, and the drilling efficiency of the multilateral wells is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil drilling horizontal well technology field, be specifically related to a kind of open-hole horizontal well and bore sidetrack drilling tool string and process one time.
Background technology
Window sidetracking technology, by window sidetracking in main borehole, can by more reservoir exploitations at main borehole edge out, thus improving the utilization ratio of oil well and the coefficient of mining of oil reservoir, window sidetracking technology develops the potentiality of oil reservoir effectively, makes to be previously considered to be the oil reservoir of the economic exploitation can not obtain fully efficient exploitation. Therefore, in open-hole horizontal well branch hole drilling process, window sidetracking is key one ring of operation, and bores window sidetracking for one time and can shorten drilling period, reduces drilling cost.
Want a brill and realize window sidetracking operation, problems with need to be solved: bore hole horizontal segment requires have circulation sand discharge function; Horizontal segment can not utilize the mode of pitching to realize the setting of whipstock; After whipstock adjusts azimuthal orientation success, whipstock could be setting; After whipstock is setting, drill bit could rotate and carry out window sidetracking; The connected mode of drill bit and whipstock; The series of problems such as the pressure transmission mode of drill bit and the setting pressure chamber of whipstock. Therefore, resolve problem above and become the key point that can realize a time brill window sidetracking of open-hole horizontal well.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one and be capable of bore hole horizontal segment circulation sand discharge of once having gone into the well, whipstock orientation grappling, setting, the brill sidetrack drilling tool string windowed and creep into, it is achieved thereby that one time is bored window sidetracking operation, this open-hole horizontal well provided by the invention bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time, by top drilling tool, orientation device, directed special startup valve, locking and tripper, helicoid hydraulic motor, drill bit and bore hole whipstock are sequentially connected in series composition, described bore hole whipstock includes leading italic, anchor cylinder and grappling pawl, described grappling pawl is inlaid in the through hole of anchor cylinder barrel, and grappling pawl is fixed on by shear pin in the clinohedral being arranged within anchor cylinder, the upper end of anchor cylinder is connected bottom italic with leading by screw thread.
Described italic top of leading is connected by shear screw with drill bit.
Described leading is provided with pressure transmission pipeline between italic and drill bit.
Described pressure transmission pipeline is axially arranged along leading the italic back side, and pressure transmission pipeline connects drill bit inner chamber and the clinohedral pressure chamber within anchor cylinder.
Described orientation device is MWD or LWD wireless drilling measurer.
The special startup valve of described orientation includes joint, described joint includes sequentially passing through the threaded a joint with hollow cylindrical body from top to bottom, b joint, c joint, d joint, the inside of a joint and b joint is equipped with rotating engaging mechanism, described rotation engaging mechanism bottom spins rotating cylinder, the interior lower end of c joint and d joint all has annular boss, rotating cylinder respectively with c joint, d joint forms the cavity one and cavity two that communicate, equipped with the lower spring of vertical direction in described cavity one, the annular boss of d joint interior lower end offers the pressure transmission hole vertically running through this annular boss, an intercommunicating pore is had in the middle part of a joint, intercommunicating pore runs through the tube wall of a joint, connect with a joint hollow, the top of c joint is provided with a by-pass prot, by-pass prot runs through the tube wall of c joint.
Described rotate engaging mechanism by the thrust pawl of tubulose, determine pawl, rotary pawl forms, thrust pawl, rotary pawl are together arranged on to be determined in pawl, thrust pawl is positioned at the top of rotary pawl, rotary pawl forms annular seal space with b joint, equipped with the upper spring of vertical direction in described annular seal space, determining pawl to be fixed by holding screw and a joint bottom, thrust is grabbed outer upper end and is fixed with piston, and the lower end of rotary pawl is connected with rotating cylinder.
Described locking and tripper include screw rod housing and are arranged on the helicoid hydraulic motor of screw rod enclosure interior, screw rod housing upper connects anti-lost cylinder, the top of anti-lost cylinder connects top connection, top connection has SMIS cylinder with anti-lost cylinder is internally installed, described SMIS cylinder top is internal with top connection to be connected by upper spline pair, retaining jump ring it is provided with in the middle part of SMIS cylinder, fixed by shear pin with top connection in the middle part of SMIS cylinder, the pressure of cutting off of shear pin is higher than the setting pressure of bore hole whipstock, the axial float of SMIS cylinder can be prevented, top connection below retaining jump ring is provided with the retaining step engaged with retaining jump ring, intercommunicating pore it is provided with in the middle part of top connection, SMIS cylinder bottom is connected by lower spline pair with helicoid hydraulic motor, between SMIS cylinder and top connection, spline pair is all adopted to be connected between SMIS cylinder and helicoid hydraulic motor, SMIS cylinder above lower spline pair is provided with pod apertures, retaining jump ring and retaining step disengaged condition ultimate range are more than the length of lower spline pair.
Described described grappling pawl is many groups, 2 grappling pawls are one group, in each group, 2 grappling pawls are distributed along anchor cylinder axisymmetrical, and two adjacent groups grappling pawl is arranged along anchor cylinder axis interval and is mutually perpendicular to, and are axially sequentially distributed many group grappling pawls on anchor cylinder along anchor cylinder.
The enforcement step of the concrete technology method that this open-hole horizontal well provided by the invention bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time is as follows:
Step one, circulation sand discharge: windowing position to making a reservation under tool string, turn on pump is circulated, and drilling fluid is by returning out from the by-pass prot of directed special startup valve after top drilling tool, orientation device, and the sand that fallen by annular space returns discharge well head.
Step 2, bore hole whipstock are directed: rotate drill string, adjust bore hole whipstock lead italic towards, turn on pump, utilize orientation device to upload directional data, it is determined that position of windowing, namely complete the orientation of bore hole whipstock.
Step 3, bore hole whipstock are setting: after bore hole whipstock orientation completes, continue out, termination of pumping, until directed special startup valve is opened, during turn on pump, drilling liquid pressure reaches the clinohedral pressure chamber within anchor cylinder by top drilling tool, orientation device, directed special startup valve, locking and tripper, helicoid hydraulic motor, drill bit, pressure transmission pipeline, and when pressure rises to setting pressure, grappling pawl stretches out, setting on the borehole wall, namely complete the setting of bore hole whipstock.
Step 4, helicoid hydraulic motor unlock: when pressure continues the unlocking pressure rising to locking and tripper, its shear pin is cut off, and helicoid hydraulic motor unlocks, and drive drill bit, cut off shear screw and pressure transmission pipeline.
Step 5, window sidetracking: by rational window sidetracking discharge capacity, drive helicoid hydraulic motor and drill bit edge to lead italic and carry out window sidetracking.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The orientation device of the present invention selects the wireless drilling measurers such as MWD or LWD, and do not adopt gyroscope, avoid gyroscope and cannot arrive the shortcoming of horizontal segment, wireless drilling measurer can horizontal segment measure bore hole whipstock lead italic towards, it is determined that position of windowing.
The directed special service valve that the present invention adopts can ensure that bore hole whipstock is led italic and found accurately towards front, and the tool string below directed special service valve will not action.
Before the locking that the present invention adopts and tripper, helicoid hydraulic motor can ensure that bore hole whipstock is setting, helicoid hydraulic motor and drill bit will not actions.
The italic top of leading of the present invention is connected by shear screw with drill bit, it may be achieved horizontal segment adjustment lead italic towards.
Leading of the present invention arranges pressure transmission pipeline between italic and drill bit, it may be achieved the setting pressure that bore hole whipstock is required time setting.
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is inventive article string connection diagram.
Fig. 2 is the population structure schematic diagram of directed special startup valve.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of helicoid hydraulic motor locking and tripper.
Figure is labeled as:
1-top drilling tool, 2-orientation device, the directed special startup valve of 3-, 4-locking and tripper, 5-helicoid hydraulic motor, 6-drill bit, 7-pressure transmission pipeline, 8-leads italic, 9-anchor unit, 10-grappling pawl, 11-by-pass prot, 12-shear screw, 13-a joint, 14-b joint, 15-c joint, 16-d joint, 17-rotates engaging mechanism, 18-rotating cylinder, 19-thrust pawl, 20-determines pawl, 21-rotary pawl, 22-lower spring, 23-pressure transmission hole, 24-intercommunicating pore, the upper spring of 25-, 26-screw rod housing, 27-intercommunicating pore, the anti-lost cylinder of 28-, 29-top connection, 30-SMIS cylinder, 31-retaining jump ring, 32-pod apertures.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
The invention provides a kind of open-hole horizontal well and bore a sidetrack drilling tool string, as shown in Figure 1, it is sequentially connected in series is formed by top drilling tool 1, orientation device 2, directed special startup valve 3, locking and tripper 4, helicoid hydraulic motor 5, drill bit 6 and bore hole whipstock, described bore hole whipstock includes leading italic 8, anchor cylinder 9 and grappling pawl 10, described grappling pawl 10 is inlaid in the through hole of anchor cylinder 9 barrel, and grappling pawl 10 is fixed on by shear pin in the clinohedral being arranged within anchor cylinder 9, the upper end of anchor cylinder 9 is connected with leading italic 8 by screw thread. The described top leading italic 8 and drill bit 6 is connected by shear screw 12, adopt this attachment structure can realize horizontal segment adjustment lead italic 8 towards. Described leading is provided with pressure transmission pipeline 7 between italic 8 and drill bit 6, pressure transmission pipeline 7 is axially arranged along leading italic 8 back side, pressure transmission pipeline 7 connects drill bit 6 inner chamber and the clinohedral pressure chamber within anchor cylinder 9, it may be achieved the setting pressure that bore hole whipstock is required time setting.
The concrete technology method step that a kind of open-hole horizontal well bores sidetrack drilling tool string for one time is as follows:
Step one, circulation sand discharge
By under tool string to predetermined position of windowing, turn on pump is circulated, and drilling fluid returns out from the by-pass prot 11 of directed special startup valve 3 after pass through top drilling tool 1, orientation device 2, and the sand that fallen by annular space returns discharge well head, reaches the purpose of cleaning well.In the process, bore hole whipstock will not be setting, and helicoid hydraulic motor 5 will not unlock, and drill bit 6 will not rotate.
Step 2, bore hole whipstock are directed
Rotate drill string, adjust bore hole whipstock lead italic 8 towards, turn on pump, orientation device 2 is utilized to upload directional data, as lead italic 8 towards not meeting position of windowing, be rotated further drill string adjustment lead italic 8 towards, until the directional data uploaded of orientation device 2 meets the requirement of position of windowing, namely complete the orientation of bore hole whipstock. In the process, bore hole whipstock will not be setting, and helicoid hydraulic motor 5 will not unlock, and drill bit 6 will not rotate.
Step 3, bore hole whipstock are setting
After bore hole whipstock orientation completes, continue out, termination of pumping, until directed special startup valve 3 is opened, during turn on pump, drilling liquid pressure reaches the clinohedral pressure chamber within anchor cylinder 9 by top drilling tool 1, orientation device 2, directed special startup valve 3, locking and tripper 4, helicoid hydraulic motor 5, drill bit 6, pressure transmission pipeline 7, and when pressure rises to setting pressure, grappling pawl 10 stretches out, setting on the borehole wall, namely complete the setting of bore hole whipstock. In the process, helicoid hydraulic motor 5 will not unlock, and drill bit 6 will not rotate.
Step 4, helicoid hydraulic motor unlock
When pressure continues the unlocking pressure rising to locking and tripper 4, its shear pin is cut off, and helicoid hydraulic motor 5 unlocks, and drives drill bit 6, cuts off shear screw 12 and pressure transmission pipeline 7.
Step 5, window sidetracking
By rational window sidetracking discharge capacity, helicoid hydraulic motor 5 and drill bit 6 is driven to carry out window sidetracking along leading italic 8.
Embodiment 2:
On the basis of embodiment 1, horizontal branch well hole condition is complicated, and particularly the situation such as desilting, cave-in easily occurs in Open-Hole Section, therefore it is required that whipstock has the function of circulation bore passage, it is ensured that the unimpeded stability with the borehole wall of well, enters under making whipstock smoothly. The oriented approach that whipstock orientation is conventional is had two kinds by prior art: the first is to adopt gyroscope directed: under enter gyroscope orientation after, and trip out gyroscope, then whipstock hydrophthalmia blocked in pitching, carries out the setting grappling of whipstock. This kind of mode there is problems in that 1, gyroscope is difficult to transfer to precalculated position; 2, cannot effectively control whipstock directional angle, cause directional bias bigger; 3, complex process, time and effort consuming. The second is to adopt preset directional orientation tool (such as MWD) to be oriented: MWD is connected on whipstock top. If this kind of mode there is problems in that 1 employing whipstock centre bore circulating fluid, because MWD has blocked the pitching passage of whipstock, it is setting that whipstock cannot adopt stuff to complete grappling after circulation, orientation; If 2 adopt by-pass prot circulating fluids, not pitching, control discharge capacity cut off pin realize the orientation of whipstock, setting, this kind of mode there will be that whipstock is directed unsuccessful just completes setting misoperation.
The orientation device 2 that the present invention adopts is MWD or LWD wireless drilling measurer, the special startup valve 3 of orientation adopted solves gyroscope in prior art and is difficult to transfer to precalculated position, cannot effectively control whipstock directional angle, directional bias is bigger, complex process, time and effort consuming, process control difficulties and the directed unsuccessful problem just completing setting misoperation of whipstock, as shown in Figure 2, the special startup valve 3 of orientation of the present invention includes joint, described joint includes sequentially passing through the threaded a joint 13 with hollow cylindrical body from top to bottom, b joint 14, c joint 15, d joint 16, the inside of a joint 13 and b joint 14 is equipped with rotating engaging mechanism 17, described rotation engaging mechanism 17 bottom spins rotating cylinder 18, the middle part of rotating cylinder 18 is provided with left-turn spiral groove, lead angle is less than Self-locking angle, the spiral number of turns is adjustable, the interior lower end of c joint 15 and d joint 16 all has annular boss, rotating cylinder 18 respectively with c joint 15, d joint 16 forms the cavity one and cavity two that communicate, equipped with the lower spring 22 of vertical direction and the spring bearing that coordinates with lower spring 22 in described cavity one, pressure balanced dummy piston in spring base and holding chamber body, the annular boss bottom of c joint 15 interior lower end is provided through the stop screw of c joint 15 tube wall, outer wall is provided with in the middle part of described rotating cylinder 18 stopper slot suitable with described stop screw, stop screw engages with described rotating cylinder 18 left-turn spiral groove top.Offering on the annular boss of d joint 16 interior lower end vertically to run through and have an intercommunicating pore 24 in the middle part of pressure transmission hole 23, a joint 13 of this annular boss, intercommunicating pore 24 runs through the tube wall of a joint 13, connects with a joint 13 hollow.
Rotate engaging mechanism 17 and be fixed on a joint 13 inside middle portion by holding screw, rotate engaging mechanism 17 lower outside to be connected by spline pair with rotating cylinder 18 upper inner, rotation engaging mechanism rotarily drives rotating cylinder 18 and rotates, rotating cylinder 18 is up under lower spring 22 acts on simultaneously, dummy piston is also together up, until the bottom of rotating cylinder 18 disengages with stepped hole in d joint 16, pressure transmission hole 23 is opened, meanwhile, intercommunicating pore 24 is closed, it is achieved it is setting that drilling tool internal pressure is transferred to whipstock by pressure transmission hole 23.
Rotate engaging mechanism by the thrust pawl 19 of tubulose, determine pawl 20, rotary pawl 21 forms, thrust pawl 19, rotary pawl 21 are together arranged on to be determined in pawl 20, thrust pawl 19 is positioned at the top of rotary pawl 21, rotary pawl 21 and b joint 14 form annular seal space, equipped with the upper spring 25 of vertical direction in described annular seal space, determining pawl 20 to be fixed by holding screw and a joint 13 bottom, thrust is grabbed outer upper end and is fixed with piston, and the lower end of rotary pawl 21 is connected with rotating cylinder 18. determining pawl 20 endoporus lower end is internal spline structure, this internal spline structure end is zigzag ramp structure, thrust pawl 19 lower end is external splines structure, this external splines structure end is triangle tooth-shape structure, rotary pawl 21 upper end is external splines structure, external splines end is zigzag ramp structure, the external splines structure of described thrust pawl 19 lower end is fixed in the internal spline determining pawl 20, the external splines structure of rotary pawl 21 upper end is fixed on determines in pawl 20 internal spline, determine pawl 20 internal spline and thrust pawl 19, the external splines quantity of rotary pawl 21 is consistent, determine pawl 20 zigzag ramp structure identical with rotary pawl 21 zigzag ramp structure, determine pawl 20, thrust pawl 19 can realize with rotary pawl 21 rotating and engage, thrust pawl 19 rotarily drives rotary pawl 21, power thrust pawl 19 is transferred to rotary pawl 21, rotary pawl 21 is transferred to rotating cylinder 18 again through external spline adjutant's power, realize the top-down transmission of power.
The special startup valve 3 of orientation of the present invention is connected between MWD and bore hole whipstock, between be provided with pressure transmission pipeline 7, directed special startup valve 3 is as follows at the specific works in different stages:
1, during turn on pump circulation
Under be drilled into predeterminated level position, owing to drilling fluid is through drilling tool endoporus, the by-pass prot of rotary pawl 21, certain chock pressure difference �� p can be produced during annular space, upper piston is under the effect of chock pressure difference �� p, descending along the internal spline determining pawl 20 with dynamicthrust pawl 19, until the upper surface determining pawl 20 is withstood in the lower surface of upper piston, 19 rotary pawls 21 of thrust pawl eject the internal spline determining pawl 20, upper spring 25 is compressed, meanwhile, the external splines of rotary pawl 21 and the dislocation of inner spline groove generation certain angle determining pawl 20 under the spring-force driven dual of upper spring 25, cause rotary pawl 21 to slide to rotate forward, and cylinder 18 is rotated by spline pair, under lower spring 22 acts on, rotating cylinder 18 withstands stop screw along the up certain distance of left-turn spiral groove, now, by-pass prot 11 is in opening, pressure transmission hole 23 is closed.
2, during termination of pumping
Under the return spring power of upper spring 25, upper spring 25 is rotated pawl 21 and withstands horizontal reset on thrust pawl 19, in reseting procedure, the external splines inclined-plane tooth of rotary pawl 21 can withstand the inclined-plane tooth determining pawl 20 and produce rotating forward of sliding, and makes the external splines of rotary pawl 21 be directed in the inner spline groove determining pawl 20, meanwhile, rotary pawl 21 is rotated cylinder 18 by spline pair and continues along the up certain distance of left-turn spiral groove, now, by-pass prot 11 is still in opening, and pressure transmission hole 23 is still in closed mode.
3, during bore hole whipstock orientation
During bore hole whipstock orientation, need repeatedly adjust bore hole whipstock guiding incline towards, line number of going forward side by side time is opened, termination of pumping to be to transmit MWD directional data, in the process, often open, termination of pumping once, rotary pawl 21 is rotated cylinder 18 and rotates forward a total number of teeth in engagement, the circle total number of teeth in engagement that the present invention is arranged is 6��10 teeth, namely open, termination of pumping 6��10 times, rotating cylinder 18 is along the up circle of left-turn spiral groove, and the helicla flute number of turns is adjustable, when bore hole whipstock orientation completes, by-pass prot 11 is still in opening, and pressure transmission hole 23 is still in closed mode.
4, when bore hole whipstock is setting,
Only need to open for several times, termination of pumping, rotating cylinder 18 is up along left-turn spiral groove, until departing from the constraint of stop screw, and under the spring-force driven dual of lower spring 22, go upward to b joint 14 bottom, by-pass prot 11 is closed, pressure transmission hole 23 is up because of rotating cylinder 18, realize communicating with rotating cylinder 18 endoporus, be in opening, meanwhile, drilling fluid enters in bore hole whipstock by pressure transmission hole 23, pressure transmission pipeline 7, standpipe pressure there will be and rises sharply, and bore hole whipstock is suppressed, it is achieved bore hole whipstock setting.
The special startup valve 3 of this orientation has without pitching, without controlling displacement variation, and brill realizes the orientation of whipstock, setting, and process can be controlled by Remote; Operation is recyclable after completing, and can dismantle, reset after reusable.
Embodiment 3:
On the basis of embodiment 1, bore hole whipstock is connected to helicoid hydraulic motor bottom, the complete grappling of bore hole whipstock is the premise of window sidetracking, only after the complete grappling of bore hole whipstock, helicoid hydraulic motor could rotate and depart from bore hole whipstock, and carry out window sidetracking, therefore, before the complete grappling of bore hole whipstock, prevent helicoid hydraulic motor from rotating and become the key point boring window sidetracking success or failure whole one time, as shown in Figure 3, locking of the present invention and tripper 4 include screw rod housing 26 and are arranged on the helicoid hydraulic motor 5 within screw rod housing 26, screw rod housing 26 top connects anti-lost cylinder 28, the top of anti-lost cylinder 28 connects top connection 29, top connection 29 has SMIS cylinder 30 with anti-lost cylinder 28 is internally installed, described SMIS cylinder 30 top is internal with top connection 29 to be connected by upper spline pair, retaining jump ring 31 it is provided with in the middle part of SMIS cylinder 30, fixed by shear pin with top connection 29 in the middle part of SMIS cylinder 30, the pressure of cutting off of shear pin is higher than the setting pressure of bore hole whipstock, the axial float of SMIS cylinder 30 can be prevented, top connection 29 below retaining jump ring 31 is provided with the retaining step engaged with retaining jump ring 31, intercommunicating pore 27 it is provided with in the middle part of top connection 29, SMIS cylinder 30 bottom is connected by lower spline pair with helicoid hydraulic motor 5, between SMIS cylinder 30 and top connection 29, spline pair is all adopted to be connected between SMIS cylinder 30 with helicoid hydraulic motor 5, can prevent helicoid hydraulic motor 5 from circumferentially rotating, SMIS cylinder 30 above lower spline pair is provided with pod apertures 32, retaining jump ring 31 and retaining step disengaged condition ultimate range are more than the length of lower spline pair. in branch hole drilling process, helicoid hydraulic motor and locking and tripper are connected to the top of bore hole whipstock, drilling fluid enters helicoid hydraulic motor 5 by the interior aperture pod apertures of SMIS cylinder 30, it is transferred to bore hole whipstock, after pressure is raised to the setting pressure of bore hole whipstock, bore hole whipstock completes setting, now, the upper spline pair between lower spline pair and SMIS cylinder 30 and top connection 29 between helicoid hydraulic motor 5 and SMIS cylinder 30 is in engagement, helicoid hydraulic motor 5 will not rotate, and is in locking state,Along with continuously adding of drilling fluid, in device, pressure continues to raise, when pressure rise to shear pin cut off pressure time, under the effect of the pressure, shear pin is cut off, SMIS cylinder 30 is descending under the effect of the pressure, until the retaining step of the retaining jump ring of SMIS cylinder 30 and top connection 29 is in engagement, meanwhile, the lower spline pair of helicoid hydraulic motor and SMIS cylinder 30 is in disengaged condition, and helicoid hydraulic motor 5 is in released state, and helicoid hydraulic motor 5 rotates under the driving of drilling fluid, and discharge helicoid hydraulic motor and bore hole whipstock fixed connection point, and then realize window sidetracking function.
When this helicoid hydraulic motor of the present invention locking efficiently solves bore hole whipstock orientation with tripper, turn on pump circulates the problem causing helicoid hydraulic motor 5 to rotate, circumferentially rotating of SMIS cylinder 30 axial float and helicoid hydraulic motor 5 can be prevented, ensure that drilling fluid can pass through the setting of bore hole whipstock, simultaneously after bore hole whipstock grappling completes, retaining mechanism unlocks, the lower spline pair of SMIS cylinder 30 and helicoid hydraulic motor departs from, ensure that the complete setting rear helicoid hydraulic motor 5 of bore hole whipstock normal rotation can carry out window sidetracking, substantially increase horizontal well drilling efficiency.
Embodiment 4
In horizontal well horizontal segment drilling process, usually can bore chance shale layer or coal seam, now need to implement sidetracking to find sand layers at bore hole horizontal segment, sidetracking is implemented in open-hole horizontal well section, method conventional at present is cementing plug, slide window sidetracking with helicoid hydraulic motor, but construction often causes sidetracking cycle stretch-out even sidetracking failure at the scene because cement plug is of poor quality, it is added significantly to operating cost, the another kind of method at bore hole horizontal segment enforcement sidetracking is dependent on whipstock window sidetracking, the method technique is simple, expense is relatively low, but there are two difficult points technically:
One is to complete whipstock orientation, show as inclinometer and cannot carry out whipstock bearing measurement in horizontal segment inclination measuring short piece, directed according to MWD, in tubing string, central passage is stopped by MWD pulse generator, the steel ball that builds the pressure cannot be thrown to the ball seat of whipstock lower end from well head, it is impossible to builds the pressure and makes whipstock grappling; Two is that the grappling slips of conventional whipstock is only applicable in sleeve pipe grappling, cannot effectively grappling at bore hole horizontal segment, it is impossible to for open-hole horizontal well section sidetracking.
In order to overcome in prior art the whipstock cannot be directed at bore hole horizontal segment, the problem of grappling poor reliability, the invention provides one and be specifically designed for bore hole horizontal segment sidetracking whipstock, including leading italic 8, anchor cylinder 9 and grappling pawl 10, described grappling pawl 10 is inlaid in the through hole of anchor cylinder 9 barrel, and grappling pawl 10 is fixed on by shear pin in the clinohedral being arranged within anchor cylinder 9, the upper end of anchor cylinder 9 is connected bottom italic 8 with leading by screw thread. By adopting directed special startup valve 3 to make this net horizontal section sidetracking bore hole whipstock be oriented, grappling simple to operate, improve the success rate of net horizontal section sidetracking, shorten duty cycle, reduce operating cost.
Embodiment 5
On the basis of embodiment 4, described described grappling pawl 10 is many groups, 2 grappling pawls 10 are one group, in each group, 2 grappling pawls 10 are distributed along anchor cylinder 9 axisymmetrical, two adjacent groups grappling pawl 10 is arranged along anchor cylinder 9 axis interval and is mutually perpendicular to, and is axially sequentially distributed many group grappling pawls 10 along anchor cylinder 9 on anchor cylinder 9. This structure of the present invention can make this whipstock have fabulous anchoring effect in the irregular situation of the barefoot interval borehole wall, add the anchorage force of single grappling pawl simultaneously, avoid when the borehole wall is irregular, more than three grappling fluke anchors make the situation that now indivedual grappling fluke anchors are fixed unreal, have been effectively ensured the security reliability of work.The shape of described grappling pawl 10 is pawl body be four prism type, pawl top is rectangular pyramid shape, and this structure of grappling pawl more effective deeply can thrust stratum thus keeping bigger anchorage force, it is ensured that the security reliability of work.
The above embodiment of the present invention, it is only for the citing that the present invention does clearly is described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an open-hole horizontal well bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time, it is characterized in that: by top drilling tool (1), orientation device (2), directed special startup valve (3), locking and tripper (4), helicoid hydraulic motor (5), drill bit (6) and bore hole whipstock are sequentially connected in series composition, described bore hole whipstock includes leading italic (8), anchor cylinder (9) and grappling pawl (10), described grappling pawl (10) is inlaid in the through hole of anchor cylinder (9) barrel, and grappling pawl (10) is fixed on by shear pin and is arranged in the clinohedral that anchor cylinder (9) is internal, the upper end of anchor cylinder (9) is connected with leading italic (8) bottom by screw thread.
2. a kind of open-hole horizontal well according to claim 1 bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time, it is characterised in that: described italic (8) top of leading is connected by shear screw (12) with drill bit (6).
3. a kind of open-hole horizontal well according to claim 1 bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time, it is characterised in that: described leading is provided with pressure transmission pipeline (7) between italic (8) and drill bit (6).
4. a kind of open-hole horizontal well according to claim 3 bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time, it is characterized in that: described pressure transmission pipeline (7) is axially arranged along leading italic (8) back side, the clinohedral pressure chamber that pressure transmission pipeline (7) connection drill bit (6) inner chamber is internal with anchor cylinder (9).
5. a kind of open-hole horizontal well according to claim 1 bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time, it is characterised in that: described orientation device (2) is MWD or LWD wireless drilling measurer.
6. a kind of open-hole horizontal well according to claim 1 bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time, it is characterized in that: the special startup valve (3) of described orientation includes joint, described joint includes sequentially passing through the threaded a joint (13) with hollow cylindrical body from top to bottom, b joint (14), c joint (15), d joint (16), the inside of a joint (13) and b joint (14) is equipped with rotating engaging mechanism (17), described rotation engaging mechanism (17) bottom spins rotating cylinder (18), the interior lower end of c joint (15) and d joint (16) all has annular boss, rotating cylinder (18) respectively with c joint (15), d joint (16) forms the cavity one and cavity two that communicate, equipped with the lower spring (22) of vertical direction in described cavity one, the annular boss of d joint (16) interior lower end offers the pressure transmission hole (23) vertically running through this annular boss, there is an intercommunicating pore (24) at a joint (13) middle part, intercommunicating pore (24) runs through the tube wall of a joint (13), connect with a joint (13) hollow, the top of c joint (15) is provided with a by-pass prot (11), by-pass prot (11) runs through the tube wall of c joint (15).
7. a kind of open-hole horizontal well according to claim 6 bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time, it is characterized in that: described rotation engaging mechanism (17) is by the thrust pawl (19) of tubulose, determine pawl (20), rotary pawl (21) forms, thrust pawl (19), rotary pawl (21) is together arranged on to be determined in pawl (20), thrust pawl (19) is positioned at the top of rotary pawl (21), rotary pawl (21) forms annular seal space with b joint (14), equipped with the upper spring (25) of vertical direction in described annular seal space, determine pawl (20) to be fixed by holding screw and a joint bottom, thrust is grabbed (19) outer upper end and is fixed with piston, the lower end of rotary pawl (21) is connected with rotating cylinder (18).
8. a kind of open-hole horizontal well according to claim 1 bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time, it is characterized in that: described locking and tripper (4) include screw rod housing (26) and be arranged on the helicoid hydraulic motor (5) that screw rod housing (26) is internal, screw rod housing (26) top connects anti-lost cylinder (28), the top of anti-lost cylinder (28) connects top connection (29), top connection (29) has SMIS cylinder (30) with anti-lost cylinder (28) is internally installed, described SMIS cylinder (30) top is internal with top connection (29) to be connected by upper spline pair, SMIS cylinder (30) middle part is provided with retaining jump ring (31), SMIS cylinder (30) middle part is fixed by shear pin with top connection (29), the pressure of cutting off of shear pin is higher than the setting pressure of bore hole whipstock, the axial float of SMIS cylinder (30) can be prevented, the top connection (29) of retaining jump ring (31) lower section is provided with the retaining step engaged with retaining jump ring (31), top connection (29) middle part is provided with intercommunicating pore (27), SMIS cylinder (30) bottom is connected by lower spline pair with helicoid hydraulic motor (5), between SMIS cylinder (30) and top connection (29), spline pair is all adopted to be connected between SMIS cylinder (30) with helicoid hydraulic motor (5), SMIS cylinder (30) above lower spline pair is provided with pod apertures (32), retaining jump ring (31) and retaining step disengaged condition ultimate range are more than the length of lower spline pair.
9. a kind of open-hole horizontal well according to claim 1 bores sidetrack drilling tool string one time, it is characterized in that: described grappling pawl (10) is many groups, 2 grappling pawls (10) are one group, in each group, 2 grappling pawls (10) are distributed along anchor cylinder (9) axisymmetrical, two adjacent groups grappling pawl (10) is arranged along anchor cylinder (9) axis interval and is mutually perpendicular to, and is axially sequentially distributed many groups grappling pawl (10) along anchor cylinder (9) on anchor cylinder (9).
10. the enforcement step of the concrete technology method of a time brill sidetrack drilling tool string of an open-hole horizontal well is as follows:
Step one, circulation sand discharge: will window position to making a reservation under tool string, turn on pump is circulated, drilling fluid returns out from the by-pass prot (11) of directed special startup valve (3) after passing through top drilling tool (1), orientation device (2), and the sand that fallen by annular space returns discharge well head;
Step 2, bore hole whipstock are directed: rotate drill string, adjust bore hole whipstock lead italic (8) towards, turn on pump, utilize orientation device (2) to upload directional data, it is determined that suitable position of windowing;
Step 3, bore hole whipstock are setting: after bore hole whipstock orientation completes, continue out, termination of pumping, until directed special startup valve (3) is opened, during turn on pump, drilling liquid pressure passes sequentially through top drilling tool (1), orientation device (2), directed special startup valve (3), locking and tripper (4), helicoid hydraulic motor (5), drill bit (6), pressure transmission pipeline (7) and reaches the clinohedral pressure chamber that anchor cylinder (9) is internal, when pressure rises to setting pressure, grappling pawl (10) stretches out, setting on the borehole wall, namely complete the setting of bore hole whipstock;
Step 4, helicoid hydraulic motor unlock: when pressure continues the unlocking pressure rising to locking and tripper (4), its shear pin is cut off, and helicoid hydraulic motor (5) unlocks, and drive drill bit (6), cut off shear screw (12) and pressure transmission pipeline (7);
Step 5, window sidetracking: by rational window sidetracking discharge capacity, drive helicoid hydraulic motor (5) and drill bit (6) edge to lead italic (8) and carry out window sidetracking.
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| CN201610193875.7A CN105649564A (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Tool string for one-drill-trip window sidetrack drilling of open-hole horizontal well and technological method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610193875.7A CN105649564A (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Tool string for one-drill-trip window sidetrack drilling of open-hole horizontal well and technological method |
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| CN107100555A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-08-29 | 奥瑞拓能源科技股份有限公司 | Drilling rod and well system instrument for windowing |
| CN107143297A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-09-08 | 锦州清华机械有限公司 | Self orientation integrated window-opening side-drilling tool |
| CN107542421A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-01-05 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | A kind of Hydraulic Anchorage whipstock of band circulation by-passing valve |
| CN110821433A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-02-21 | 胜利油田高原石油装备有限责任公司 | Radial windowing and drilling device for underground casing of oil-water well |
| CN111119777A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-08 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Perforation jar |
| CN111677450A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-18 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Device and method for drilling branch hole of underground directional drilling of coal mine |
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| CN113931591A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-14 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Whipstock with recyclable top and use method thereof |
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| CN107143297A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-09-08 | 锦州清华机械有限公司 | Self orientation integrated window-opening side-drilling tool |
| CN107542421A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-01-05 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | A kind of Hydraulic Anchorage whipstock of band circulation by-passing valve |
| CN111119777A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-08 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Perforation jar |
| CN110821433A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-02-21 | 胜利油田高原石油装备有限责任公司 | Radial windowing and drilling device for underground casing of oil-water well |
| CN111677450A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-18 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Device and method for drilling branch hole of underground directional drilling of coal mine |
| CN111677450B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2022-03-15 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Device and method for drilling branch hole of underground directional drilling of coal mine |
| CN111749636A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-09 | 合力（天津）能源科技股份有限公司 | Multi-layer casing windowing mill shoe |
| CN113931591A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-14 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Whipstock with recyclable top and use method thereof |
| CN113931591B (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2023-09-01 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Top-recyclable whipstock and application method thereof |
| CN116378595A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-04 | 深蓝(天津)智能制造有限责任公司 | One-pass windowing tool and method for coiled tubing casing |
| CN116378595B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-09-01 | 深蓝(天津)智能制造有限责任公司 | One-pass windowing tool and method for coiled tubing casing |
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Application publication date: 20160608 |