CN105648250B - Cast aluminium alloy gold sensitive high nucleation ability AlNbBRE fining agents of low cooling rate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cast aluminium alloy gold sensitive high nucleation ability AlNbBRE fining agents of low cooling rate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105648250B CN105648250B CN201511030460.XA CN201511030460A CN105648250B CN 105648250 B CN105648250 B CN 105648250B CN 201511030460 A CN201511030460 A CN 201511030460A CN 105648250 B CN105648250 B CN 105648250B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that cast aluminium alloy gold prepares the fining agent with the sensitive high nucleation ability AlNbBRE grain refiners of low cooling rate and its using induction melting, its composition is Al xNb yB zRE, wherein, 0.01 ＜ x≤6wt%, 0.01 ＜ y≤3wt%, 0.01 ＜ z≤1wt%, balance of Al；Wherein RE is a kind of or mixing more than both in La, Ce, Nd, Er, Gd, Y, Yb, Sc.This method preparation process is simple, and the composition of fining agent can be accurately controlled.Crystal grain refinement is carried out to cast Al-Si alloy using the fining agent, thinning effect is excellent, and each position of the foundry goods different to complex-shaped, thin and thick, that is the cooling rate sensitiveness of the different each position thinning effect of cooling velocity is relatively low, after refinement, the mechanical performance of alloy is significantly improved, and significantly reduces the difference with performance between each position of different cooling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fining agent of cast aluminium alloy gold, more particularly, refer to a kind of cast aluminium alloy gold with low
The sensitive high nucleation ability Al-Nb-B-RE grain refiners of cooling rate.
Background technology
Alusil alloy is used widely in the industry due to good mechanical property and excellent casting character.To alloy
Crystal grain refinement is carried out, the alloy structure of densification can be obtained, while can also mitigate the hot tearing and segregation tendency of foundry goods, reduce pore
Rate, such that it is able to put forward heavy alloyed combination property.The most frequently used and effective thinning method adds grain refiner i.e. in alloy.
At present people typically using Al-Ti, Al-Ti-C or Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy as aluminium alloy grain refiner, wherein
Al-Ti-B refiner has obtained wide application, recently, as rare earth element (RE) has excellent physical and chemical performance,
People are also begun to RE as refinement or the alterant of alloy, study its impact to aluminium alloy capability.
Under different cooling rate speed, but above-mentioned existing fining agent is sensitive to cooling velocity, there are different refinements to imitate
Really, this cause its be applied to cast there are different wall, complex-shaped parts when, in thin-walled (with of a relatively high
Cooling velocity) and heavy wall (with relatively low cooling velocity) place's thinning effect variant, be unfavorable for that alloy component is comprehensive
The raising of energy.
With industrial expansion, the element size of casting increasingly comes greatly at present, and profile becomes increasingly complex, therefore in order to
The combination property of cast aluminium alloy gold is improved, in the urgent need to exploitation has the grain refiner of the high nucleation ability of low cooling rate sensitiveness.
Content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to develop a kind of crystal grain refinement of the sensitive high nucleation ability of the low cooling rate of cast aluminium alloy gold
Agent；Another object is that the grain refiner for proposing that a kind of employing induction melting technique prepares low cooling rate sensitive high nucleation ability
Method；Asked with solving conventional fining agent thinning effect in industrial practical application bottleneck big to cooling velocity sensitiveness at present
Topic.
A kind of cast aluminium alloy gold that the present invention has been opened sensitive high nucleation ability AlNbBRE fining agents of low cooling rate, its feature
It is：The AlNbBRE fining agents composition is Al-xNb-yB-zRE, wherein, 0.01 ＜ x≤6wt%, 0.01 ＜ y≤3wt%,
0.01 ＜ z≤1wt%, balance of Al.
In the sensitive high nucleation ability Al-Nb-B-RE grain refiners of described low cooling rate RE be La, Ce, Nd, Er, Gd, Y,
One or more kinds of mixing in Yb, Sc.
The impurity chemical element included in the sensitive high nucleation ability Al-Nb-B-RE grain refiners of described low cooling rate has：
Fe≤0.2wt%；Cu≤0.1wt%；Mn≤0.1wt%；Zn≤0.1wt%；Ga≤0.05wt%；S≤0.05wt%.
The present invention is that a kind of cast aluminium alloy gold is quick with low cooling rate as claimed in claim 1 using the preparation of induction melting technique
The method for feeling high nucleation ability AlNbBRE fining agents, the method include knotting crucible, charging, fusing, refining and cast step
Suddenly；It is characterized in that：
Prepare the target component of fining agent：
In the present invention, the target component of fining agent is Al-xNb-yB-zRE；Consumption：0.01 ＜ x≤6wt%, 0.01 ＜
Y≤3wt%, 0.01 ＜ z≤1wt%, balance of Al.
Al elements are dispensings in the form of Al blocks；
Nb elements dispensing in the form of Al-Nb intermediate alloy blocks；
B element dispensing in the form of B powder or Al-B intermediate alloy blocks；
RE rare earth elements dispensing in the form of RE blocks or Al-RE intermediate alloy blocks.
The size (long and wide) of block is 1cm × 1cm～5cm × 5cm.
Ingot mould step；
Graphite ingot mould is put in resistance furnace when being warming up to 200～500 DEG C, is incubated 2～4h, then by the ingot being fully warmed-up
Mould loads in electric induction furnace, and on ingot mould installs cup, installs magnesia ceramics filter additional, with to be cast on cup.
Knotting crucible step；
In knotting crucible step, magnesia crucible selected by crucible；
Then magnesia crucible is knotted in electric induction furnace, and pre-sintered crucible 2 under the conditions of 600～800 DEG C
After～4h, after being pre-processed, crucible is stand-by.
In charging procedure；
In order to accelerate the fusing of furnace charge, Al blocks to be placed on the vicinity of magnesia crucible wall, it is put on Al blocks in the middle of Al-Nb and closes
Gold bullion, the B powder or Al-B intermediate alloy blocks wrapped with aluminium foil is placed into, finally RE blocks or Al-RE is put on top
Intermediate alloy block.
Furnace charge must not exceed the height of induction coil.
Fusing and refining composite steps；
For the melting of furnace charge is carried out using smelting technology curve, first stage power is 5～10KW, and the heat time is 20
～40min, it is 0.125～0.5 that the power of first stage rises speed；Second stage power be 10～20KW, the heat time be 5～
10min, it is 1～4 that the power of second stage rises speed；Phase III power is 20～35KW, and the heat time is 5～10min, the
It is 2～7 that triphasic power rises speed；Then 10～30min is refined under conditions of power is 10～20KW；Power-off, stands
After 10～30min, skim, the liquation of cleaning is obtained in case cast.
Coverture is added in the first stage afterwards, to prevent aluminium liquid from aoxidizing.The coverture for 50wt% NaCl and
The KCl compositions of 50wt%.
In cast step；
With 10～15KW of power to electricity, the liquation of cleaning is poured into from crucible in ingot mould, obtain the Al- of target component
xNb-yB-zRE.
Advantages of the present invention：
1. the grain refiner that prepared by the present invention has higher nucleation ability, cast aluminium alloy gold is refined using which
Process, the thinning effect fining agent more conventional than tradition is more excellent.
2. the thinning effect of grain refiner prepared by the present invention is low to cooling velocity sensitiveness, is applied to cast using which
When there are different wall, complex-shaped parts, in thin-walled (with of a relatively high cooling velocity) and heavy wall (with relative
Relatively low cooling velocity) place's thinning effect intensity of variation is little.
3. the grain refiner for being prepared using the present invention is carried out to cast aluminium alloy gold after micronization processes, the mechanical performance of alloy
It is significantly improved, especially there is foundry goods the performance at relatively low cooling rate position (heavy wall position) to improve degree greatly, significantly reduce
There is the difference of performance between each position of different cooling, be conducive to the raising of alloy component combination property.
4. using the method for the present invention prepare Al-Nb-B-RE grain refiners, can accurately control fining agent into
Point, in gained fining agent, impurity chemical composition is low, is conducive to subsequent use effect.
5. can be adopted using raw material such as method of the present invention preparation Al-Nb-B-RE grain refiners, B, RE used many
Different forms are planted, smelting technology process is simple, easy operation control.
6. can also be improved in cast aluminium alloy gold using the sensitive high nucleation ability grain refiner of the low cooling rate for preparing of the invention
The modification effect of Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the smelting technology curve map of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is ZL 101 alloy to be carried out using Al-5Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Ce grain refiners obtained in embodiment 1
Microphoto after refinement.
Fig. 3 is the microphoto after being refined to ZL 101 alloy using commercially available Al-5Ti-B grain refiners.
Fig. 4 be sample 3 with the thinning effect of sample 4 with cooling velocity change curve.
Fig. 5 is normally to produce wheel spoke tensile strength figure using commercially available Al-5Ti-B fining agents.
Fig. 6 is strong using Al-3Nb-0.6B-0.5Y-0.5Ce fining agents gained wheel spoke tension obtained in embodiment 3
Degree figure.
Fig. 7 is the tensile strength figure for normally producing wheel inner rim using commercially available Al-5Ti-B fining agents.
Fig. 8 is that the anti-of wheel inner rim is obtained using Al-3Nb-0.6B-0.5Y-0.5Ce fining agents obtained in embodiment 3
Tensile strength figure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of cast aluminium alloy gold sensitive high nucleation ability grain refiner of low cooling rate, its composition is Al-xNb-yB-zRE,
Wherein, 0.01 ＜ x≤6wt%, 0.01 ＜ y≤3wt%, 0.01 ＜ z≤1wt%, balance of Al.
In the sensitive high nucleation ability Al-Nb-B-RE grain refiners of described low cooling rate RE be La, Ce, Nd, Er, Gd, Y,
One or more kinds of mixing in Yb, Sc.
The impurity chemical element included in the sensitive high nucleation ability Al-Nb-B-RE grain refiners of described low cooling rate has：
Fe≤0.2wt%；Cu≤0.1wt%；Mn≤0.1wt%；Zn≤0.1wt%；Ga≤0.05wt%；S≤0.05wt%.
Usually, electric induction furnace melting is included：Knotting crucible, charging, fusing, refining and cast step.Northwest industry
University press, the first edition of in July, 1985,《Cast steel and cast superalloy and its melting》, Fu Hengzhi chief editors, 228-232
Page.
An object of the present invention is a kind of Al-xNb-yB-zRE fining agents with high nucleation ability of exploitation；The Al-
XNb-yB-zRE fining agents can make the crystal grain of cast aluminium alloy gold reach refinement, and thinning effect has low cooling rate sensitiveness；Mesh
Two be to propose a kind of method for preparing Al-Nb-B-RE grain refiners using electric induction furnace smelting technology, the method
Carry out under knotting crucible, charging, fusing, refining and cast step；Which is distinguished step and is：
Prepare the target component of fining agent：
In the present invention, the target component of fining agent is Al-xNb-yB-zRE；Consumption：0.01 ＜ x≤6wt%, 0.01 ＜
Y≤3wt%, 0.01 ＜ z≤1wt%, balance of Al.
Al elements are dispensings in the form of Al blocks；
Nb elements dispensing in the form of Al-Nb intermediate alloy blocks；
B element dispensing in the form of B powder or Al-B intermediate alloy blocks；
RE rare earth elements dispensing in the form of RE blocks or Al-RE intermediate alloy blocks.
The size (long and wide) of block is 1cm × 1cm～5cm × 5cm.
Ingot mould step；
Graphite ingot mould is put in resistance furnace when being warming up to 200～500 DEG C, is incubated 2～4h, then by the ingot being fully warmed-up
Mould loads in electric induction furnace, and on ingot mould installs cup, installs magnesia ceramics filter additional, with to be cast on cup.
The cup for being provided with magnesia ceramics filter is conducive to the purifying of fining agent melt.
Knotting crucible step；
In knotting crucible step, magnesia crucible selected by crucible；
Then magnesia crucible is knotted in electric induction furnace, and pre-sintered crucible 2 under the conditions of 600～800 DEG C
After～4h, after being pre-processed, crucible is stand-by.
In the present invention, pretreated magnesia crucible is needed to check which has flawless, in order to avoid leak when causing melting
Material, smoothly carries out induction melting to raw metal in crucible in order to induction system.
In charging procedure；
In order to accelerate the fusing of furnace charge, Al blocks to be placed on the vicinity of magnesia crucible wall, it is put on Al blocks in the middle of Al-Nb and closes
Gold bullion, the B powder or Al-B intermediate alloy blocks wrapped with aluminium foil is placed into, finally RE blocks or Al-RE is put on top
Intermediate alloy block.
Furnace charge must not exceed the height of induction coil.
The charging method of the application present invention can avoid the bridge formation of furnace charge in fusion process, make obtained fining agent composition equal
Even.
Fusing and refining composite steps；
For the melting of furnace charge is carried out using smelting technology curve (as shown in Figure 1), first stage power is 5～10KW,
Heat time is 20～40min, and it is 0.125～0.5 that the power of first stage rises speed；Second stage power is 10～20KW,
Heat time is 5～10min, and it is 1～4 that the power of second stage rises speed；Phase III power be 20～35KW, the heat time
For 5～10min, it is 2～7 that the power of phase III rises speed；Then power be 10～20KW under conditions of refining 10～
30min；Power-off, after standing 10～30min, skims, and obtains the liquation of cleaning in case cast.
Coverture is added in the first stage afterwards, to prevent aluminium liquid from aoxidizing.The coverture for 50wt% NaCl and
The KCl compositions of 50wt%.
In cast step；
With 10～15KW of power to electricity, the liquation of cleaning is poured into from crucible in ingot mould, obtain the Al- of target component
xNb-yB-zRE.
The present invention proposes a kind of smelting technology process simply, and easy operation control can accurately control Al-xNb-yB-zRE
The composition of fining agent, in gained fining agent, impurity chemical composition is low, is conducive to subsequent use effect.By obtained in the present invention
Al-xNb-yB-zRE grain refiners are applied to casting AlSi alloys and carry out crystal grain refinement process, and thinning effect is excellent, and helps
Modification effect in eutectic Si；The each position of the foundry goods different to complex-shaped, thin and thick (cooling velocity different) thinning effect cold
Fast sensitiveness is relatively low, and after refinement, the mechanical performance of alloy is significantly improved, and especially foundry goods has relatively low cooling rate position (heavy wall
Position) performance to improve degree big, significantly reduce the difference with performance between each position of different cooling, be conducive to closing
The raising of golden part combination property.
Embodiment 1
Prepare Al-5Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Ce grain refiners
Prepare the target component of fining agent：
The target component of fining agent is Al-5Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Ce；
Consumption：Prepare 7Kg Al-5Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Ce fining agents need 3.5Kg Al-10Nb, 0.07Kg pure
Spend boron (B) powder for 99.5%, the purity of 0.035Kg be the lanthanoid metal (La) of 99.0wt%, the purity of 0.035Kg be
Al block of the size of the metallic cerium (Ce) of 99.0wt% and surplus for 5 × 5cm.
Ingot mould step；
Graphite ingot mould is put in resistance furnace when being warming up to 200 DEG C, is incubated 4h, the ingot mould being fully warmed-up is loaded sense then
Answer in electric furnace, and cup is installed on ingot mould, install magnesia ceramics filter on cup additional, with to be cast.Aerobic is installed
The cup for changing magnesium ceramic filter is conducive to the purifying of fining agent melt.
Knotting crucible step；
In knotting crucible step, magnesia crucible selected by crucible；
Then magnesia crucible is knotted in electric induction furnace, and is obtained after pre-sintered crucible 2h under the conditions of 800 DEG C
To after pretreatment, crucible is stand-by.
In the present invention, pretreated magnesia crucible is needed to check which has flawless, in order to avoid leak when causing melting
Material, smoothly carries out induction melting to raw metal in crucible in order to induction system.
In charging procedure；
In order to accelerate the fusing of furnace charge, Al blocks to be placed on the vicinity of magnesia crucible wall, it is put in the middle of Al-10Nb on Al blocks
Alloy block, the B powder wrapped with aluminium foil is placed into, finally lanthanoid metal and metallic cerium is put on top.
Furnace charge must not exceed the height of induction coil.
The charging method of the application present invention can avoid the bridge formation of furnace charge in fusion process, make obtained fining agent composition equal
Even.
Fusing and refining composite steps；
For the melting of furnace charge is carried out using smelting technology curve, first stage power is 5KW, and the heat time is 30min；
Then power rises to 20KW (second stage power), and the heat time is 10min；Then power rises to 30KW (phase III work(
Rate), the heat time is 10min；Then 15min is refined under conditions of power is 20KW；Power-off, after standing 10min, skims,
The liquation of cleaning is obtained in case cast.
Coverture is added in the first stage afterwards, to prevent aluminium liquid from aoxidizing.The coverture for 50wt% NaCl and
The KCl compositions of 50wt%.
In cast step；
With power 10KW to electricity, the liquation of cleaning is poured into from crucible in ingot mould, obtain the Al-5Nb- of target component
B-0.5La-0.5Ce.
Thinning effect compares：
The condition that crystal grain refinement process is carried out to ZL 101 alloy：Power is adopted for the graphite crucible resistance furnace melting of 5kW
ZL101 alloys, after alloy is completely melt, cool the temperature to 740 DEG C, are incubated 10min, skim.Treat that melt temperature is down to 725 DEG C
When, the Al-5Ti-B of the Al-5Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Ce fining agents or 0.3wt% of 0.3wt% is added, 15min is stood, is skimmed
Melt cast is finally entered in the high purity graphite mould of 200 DEG C of preheating, after cooling, respectively obtains sample 1 and sample 2 by slag.
Using metallographic and electron probe scanning electron microscope test sample 1 and sample 2, the microstructure photo for obtaining is such as
Shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Under identical experiment condition, the average crystal grain size of sample 1 is refined to 188 microns, secondary dendrite arm spacing
It is refined to about 30 microns；The average crystal grain size of sample 2 is refined to 380 microns, and secondary dendrite arm spacing is refined to about 58 microns, can
See present invention preparation Al-5Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Ce fining agents have than traditional Al-5Ti-B fining agents more excellent thin
Change effect.
From Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, eutectic Si is had using Al-5Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Ce fining agents obtained in embodiment 1
There is excellent modification effect.
Embodiment 2
Prepare Al-4Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Er grain refiners
Prepare the target component of fining agent：
The target component of fining agent is Al-4Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Er；
Consumption：The Al-4Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Er fining agents for preparing 10Kg need the purity of Al-10Nb, 2Kg of 4Kg to be
99.5% Al-5B intermediate alloy blocks, the purity of 0.05Kg are the lanthanoid metal (La) of 99.0wt%, the purity of 0.05Kg is
Al block of the size of the metal erbium (Er) of 99.0wt% and surplus for 5 × 5cm.The size of Al-5B intermediate alloy blocks be 3 ×
3cm.
Ingot mould step；
Graphite ingot mould is put in resistance furnace when being warming up to 300 DEG C, is incubated 2h, the ingot mould being fully warmed-up is loaded sense then
Answer in electric furnace, and cup is installed on ingot mould, install magnesia ceramics filter on cup additional, with to be cast.Aerobic is installed
The cup for changing magnesium ceramic filter is conducive to the purifying of fining agent melt.
Knotting crucible step；
In knotting crucible step, magnesia crucible selected by crucible；
Then magnesia crucible is knotted in electric induction furnace, and is obtained after pre-sintered crucible 2h under the conditions of 700 DEG C
To after pretreatment, crucible is stand-by.
In the present invention, pretreated magnesia crucible is needed to check which has flawless, in order to avoid leak when causing melting
Material, smoothly carries out induction melting to raw metal in crucible in order to induction system.
In charging procedure；
In order to accelerate the fusing of furnace charge, Al blocks to be placed on the vicinity of magnesia crucible wall, it is put in the middle of Al-10Nb on Al blocks
Alloy block, Al-5B intermediate alloy blocks are placed into, finally lanthanoid metal and metal erbium is put on top.
Furnace charge must not exceed the height of induction coil.
The charging method of the application present invention can avoid the bridge formation of furnace charge in fusion process, make obtained fining agent composition equal
Even.
Fusing and refining composite steps；
For the melting of furnace charge is carried out using smelting technology curve, first stage power is 8KW, and the heat time is 25min；
Then power rises to 20KW (second stage power), and the heat time is 5min；Then power rises to 30KW (phase III power),
Heat time is 5min；Then 30min is refined under conditions of power is 20KW；Power-off, after standing 10min, skims, obtains clean
Net liquation is in case cast.
Coverture is added in the first stage afterwards, to prevent aluminium liquid from aoxidizing.The coverture for 50wt% NaCl and
The KCl compositions of 50wt%.
In cast step；
With power 10KW to electricity, the liquation of cleaning is poured into from crucible in ingot mould, obtain the Al-4Nb- of target component
B-0.5La-0.5Er.
The cooling rate sensitivity analysis of fining agent thinning effect：
In order to analyze the cooling rate sensitiveness of fining agent thinning effect, using high purity graphite taper die, taper die is different
At position, diameter is different, and cast gained alloy sample wall thickness is different, and cooling rate speed is also different, in mould various location, difference
Insertion thermocouple measuring temperature, obtains the cooling rate velocity variations of various location by 1 DEG C/s to 35 DEG C/s, analyzes after gathered data
The intensity of variation of sample thinning effect under the conditions of different cooling speed, is obtained sensitivity of the fining agent thinning effect with cooling rate velocity variations
Property degree.
Experiment adopts power for the graphite crucible resistance furnace melting zl108 alloy of 5kW, after alloy is completely melt, by temperature
Degree is down to 740 DEG C, is incubated 10min, skims.When melt temperature is down to 725 DEG C, the Al-4Nb-B-0.5La- of 0.3wt% is added
0.5Er fining agents or the Al-5Ti-B of 0.3wt%, stand 15min, and melt cast is finally entered the cone of 200 DEG C of preheating for skimming
In shape mould, after cooling, sample 3 and sample 4 is respectively obtained.
Fig. 4 shows Al-4Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Er fining agents and commercially available Al-5Ti-B obtained in interpolation embodiment 2
The rule figure that fining agent degree of refinement changes with different cooling, degree of refinement are linear with cooling velocity change, its
Slope represents the cooling rate sensitiveness of fining agent thinning effect, it is seen that Al-4Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Er fining agents thinning effect ratio
Traditional Al-5Ti-B fining agents have lower cooling rate sensitiveness.
Embodiment 3
Al-3Nb-0.6B-0.5Y-0.5Ce grain refiners
Prepare the target component of fining agent：
The target component of fining agent is Al-3Nb-0.6B-0.5Y-0.5Ce；
Consumption：The Al-3Nb-0.6B-0.5Y-0.5Ce fining agents for preparing 7Kg need Al-10Nb, 0.042Kg of 2.1Kg
Purity be 99.5% boron (B) powder, the purity of 0.035Kg be the metallic yttrium (Y) of 99.0wt%, the purity of 0.035Kg be
Al block of the size of the metallic cerium (Ce) of 99.0wt% and surplus for 5 × 5cm.
Ingot mould step；
Graphite ingot mould is put in resistance furnace when being warming up to 400 DEG C, is incubated 2h, the ingot mould being fully warmed-up is loaded sense then
Answer in electric furnace, and cup is installed on ingot mould, install magnesia ceramics filter on cup additional, with to be cast.Aerobic is installed
The cup for changing magnesium ceramic filter is conducive to the purifying of fining agent melt.
Knotting crucible step；
In knotting crucible step, magnesia crucible selected by crucible；
Then magnesia crucible is knotted in electric induction furnace, and is obtained after pre-sintered crucible 3h under the conditions of 650 DEG C
To after pretreatment, crucible is stand-by.
In the present invention, pretreated magnesia crucible is needed to check which has flawless, in order to avoid leak when causing melting
Material, smoothly carries out induction melting to raw metal in crucible in order to induction system.
In charging procedure；
In order to accelerate the fusing of furnace charge, Al blocks to be placed on the vicinity of magnesia crucible wall, it is put in the middle of Al-10Nb on Al blocks
Alloy block, the B powder wrapped with aluminium foil is placed into, finally metallic yttrium and metallic cerium is put on top.
Furnace charge must not exceed the height of induction coil.
The charging method of the application present invention can avoid the bridge formation of furnace charge in fusion process, make obtained fining agent composition equal
Even.
Fusing and refining composite steps；
For the melting of furnace charge is carried out using smelting technology curve, first stage power is 10KW, and the heat time is
40min；Then power rises to 15KW (second stage power), and the heat time is 10min；Then power rises to 35KW (the 3rd ranks
Section power), the heat time is 5min；Then 30min is refined under conditions of power is 10KW；Power-off, after standing 10min, takes off
Slag, obtains the liquation of cleaning in case cast.
Coverture is added in the first stage afterwards, to prevent aluminium liquid from aoxidizing.The coverture for 50wt% NaCl and
The KCl compositions of 50wt%.
In cast step；
With power 10KW to electricity, the liquation of cleaning is poured into from crucible in ingot mould, obtain the Al-3Nb- of target component
0.6B-0.5Y-0.5Ce.
Cast properties are analyzed
Al-3Nb-0.6B-0.5Y-0.5Ce grain refiners prepared by embodiment 3 are applied to 712 type of ZL102 aluminium alloys
Wheel is manufactured, and with the wheel hub Performance comparision for normally producing, the tensile strength of wheel spoke (with relatively low cooling velocity) by
228MPa brings up to 273MPa, and the tensile strength of wheel inner rim (with higher cooling velocity) is brought up to by 271MPa
289MPa, has been respectively increased 19.7% and 6.6%；Wheel spoke (with relatively low cooling velocity) and inner rim are (with higher
Cooling velocity) elongation percentage be respectively increased 20% and 8.5%, performance data figure is as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, it is seen that
After adding the fining agent of the present invention, the mechanical performance of alloy is significantly improved, and especially foundry goods has relatively low cooling rate position (thick
Wall site) performance to improve degree big, significantly reduce the difference with performance between each position of different cooling.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of sensitive high nucleation ability AlNbBRE fining agents of the low cooling rate of cast aluminium alloy gold are prepared using induction melting technique
Method, the method include knotting crucible, charging, fusing, refining and cast step；It is characterized in that：
Prepare the target component of fining agent：
The target component of fining agent is Al-xNb-yB-zRE；Consumption：0.01 ＜ x≤6wt%, 0.01 ＜ y≤3wt%, 0.01 ＜
Z≤1wt%, balance of Al；
Al elements are dispensings in the form of Al blocks；
Nb elements dispensing in the form of Al-Nb intermediate alloy blocks；
B element dispensing in the form of B powder or Al-B intermediate alloy blocks；
RE rare earth elements dispensing in the form of RE blocks or Al-RE intermediate alloy blocks；
The length of block is 1cm × 1cm～5cm × 5cm with wide size；
Ingot mould step；
Graphite ingot mould is put in resistance furnace when being warming up to 200～500 DEG C, is incubated 2～4h, then the ingot mould being fully warmed-up is filled
Enter in electric induction furnace, and cup is installed on ingot mould, install magnesia ceramics filter on cup additional, with to be cast；
Knotting crucible step；
In knotting crucible step, magnesia crucible selected by crucible；
Then magnesia crucible is knotted in electric induction furnace, and 2～4h of pre-sintered crucible under the conditions of 600～800 DEG C
Afterwards, after being pre-processed, crucible is stand-by；
In charging procedure；
In order to accelerate the fusing of furnace charge, Al blocks to be placed on the vicinity of magnesia crucible wall, Al-Nb intermediate alloys are put on Al blocks
Block, the B powder or Al-B intermediate alloy blocks wrapped with aluminium foil is placed into, be finally put in RE blocks or Al-RE on top
Between alloy block；
Furnace charge must not exceed the height of induction coil；
Fusing and refining composite steps；
For the melting of furnace charge is carried out using smelting technology curve, first stage power be 5～10KW, the heat time be 20～
40min, it is 0.125～0.5 that the power of first stage rises speed；Second stage power be 10～20KW, the heat time be 5～
10min, it is 1～4 that the power of second stage rises speed；Phase III power is 20～35KW, and the heat time is 5～10min, the
It is 2～7 that triphasic power rises speed；Then 10～30min is refined under conditions of power is 10～20KW；Power-off, stands
After 10～30min, skim, the liquation of cleaning is obtained in case cast；
Coverture is added in the first stage afterwards, to prevent aluminium liquid from aoxidizing；The coverture is the NaCl and 50wt% of 50wt%
KCl is constituted；
In cast step；
With 10～15KW of power to electricity, the liquation of cleaning is poured into from crucible in ingot mould, obtain the Al-xNb- of target component
yB-zRE；
In the Al-Nb-B-RE, RE is the one or more kinds of mixing in La, Ce, Nd, Er, Gd, Y, Yb, Sc；
The impurity chemical element included in the Al-Nb-B-RE has：Fe≤0.2wt%；Cu≤0.1wt%；Mn≤0.1wt%；
Zn≤0.1wt%；Ga≤0.05wt%；S≤0.05wt%.
2. employing induction melting technique according to claim 1 prepares a kind of sensitive high forming core of the low cooling rate of cast aluminium alloy gold
The method of ability AlNbBRE fining agent, it is characterised in that：Obtained Al-5Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Ce fining agents are to ZL101 aluminium
Alloy carries out crystal grain refinement process, and average crystal grain size is refined to 188 microns, and secondary dendrite arm spacing is refined to 30 microns.
3. employing induction melting technique according to claim 1 prepares a kind of sensitive high forming core of the low cooling rate of cast aluminium alloy gold
The method of ability AlNbBRE fining agent, it is characterised in that：Obtained Al-4Nb-B-0.5La-0.5Er fining agents compare Al-5Ti-B
Fining agent has higher cooling rate sensitiveness.
4. employing induction melting technique according to claim 1 prepares a kind of sensitive high forming core of the low cooling rate of cast aluminium alloy gold
The method of ability AlNbBRE fining agent, it is characterised in that：The Al-3Nb-0.6B-0.5Y-0.5Ce grain refiner applications of preparation
Manufacture in 712 type wheel of ZL102 aluminium alloys, and with the wheel hub Performance comparision for normally producing, the tensile strength of wheel spoke by
228MPa brings up to 273MPa, and the tensile strength of wheel inner rim brings up to 289MPa by 271MPa, has been respectively increased 19.7%
And 6.6%；The elongation percentage of wheel spoke and inner rim has been respectively increased 20% and 8.5%.
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| CN106591637A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-04-26 | 山东建筑大学 | Aluminum-niobium-boron intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106916978B8 (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2019-01-22 | 东北大学 | A method of silicon-containing alloy is prepared with the diamond wire cutting waste material slurry of crystalline silicon |
| CN111644624B (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-03-26 | 西北有色金属研究院 | High-entropy alloy of refractory metal with porous structure and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1851010A (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2006-10-25 | 清华大学 | Aluminium-titanium-horon rare earth fining agent, and its preparing method |
| CN102719722A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2012-10-10 | 镇江忆诺唯记忆合金有限公司 | Composite modifier capable of improving overall performance of zinc-aluminum alloy |
| US20130264115A1 (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2013-10-10 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Aluminum alloy wire, and aluminum alloy twisted wire, covered electrical wire and wire harness using the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1851010A (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2006-10-25 | 清华大学 | Aluminium-titanium-horon rare earth fining agent, and its preparing method |
| US20130264115A1 (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2013-10-10 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Aluminum alloy wire, and aluminum alloy twisted wire, covered electrical wire and wire harness using the same |
| CN102719722A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2012-10-10 | 镇江忆诺唯记忆合金有限公司 | Composite modifier capable of improving overall performance of zinc-aluminum alloy |
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Application publication date: 20160608 Assignee: Beijing air navigation Materials Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Beihang University Contract record no.: 2017990000158 Denomination of invention: Low-cooling-rate-sensitivity high-nucleation-capability AlNbBRE refiner for cast aluminum alloy and preparation method of refiner Granted publication date: 20170315 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20170503 |
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