CN1056462A

CN1056462A - Energy-obsorbing and damping bumper for car collision

Info

Publication number: CN1056462A
Application number: CN 90105824
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗义银
Original assignee: Chongqing University
Current assignee: Chongqing University
Priority date: 1990-05-15
Filing date: 1990-05-15
Publication date: 1991-11-27

Abstract

Bumper system of the present invention is on main crusherbull zone oil cylinder, and other has set up auxiliary multi-buffer damper, adjustable needle valve damper and servo-actuated braking valve structure.It is characterized in that: system damping can be regulated, and can absorb collision kinetic energy effectively, can realize oil control self-actuating brake simultaneously.It is simple and compact for structure, and accuracy of manufacture is low, and is applied widely, and absorption capacity is strong, the safety reliability height.

Description

Energy-obsorbing and damping bumper for car collision

The invention belongs to a kind of automobile spring-oil damping bumper system.

The patent of relevant Federal bumper adopts the elastic vibration isolation structure mostly in the world, and its shortcoming is: owing to be subjected to the restriction of vehicle configuration and bumper/spoiler position, its vibration isolation ability is less, is unable to cope with serious car accident.Adopt cylinder buffer though also have, because dumping force is non-adjustable, and adopts single damped cylinder, the huge kinetic energy in the time of can not absorbing collision effectively, its application also is restricted.For example FR2556295 adopts cylinder damping and collision to crush the device of membrane type, owing to adopt simple oil cylinder, its damping is non-adjustable, and must change diaphragm, and absorption capacity is little, uses inconvenience.CN85102941 adopts elasticity, cylinder, air bag protective system, its complex structure, if the locus is limited, then absorption capacity is just very little.

The objective of the invention is, under the situation that does not change existing automobile appearance moulding, provide a kind of compact conformation, absorption capacity is strong, Adjustable Damping, and relevance grade is wide, and standard is unified, features simple structure, the automobile front beam device of energy servo-actuated brake.

Automobile bumper device of the present invention, it is by the bumper/spoiler of firm bar of hinge and resilient mounting, host buffer piston damped cylinder, multistage auxiliary buffering damped cylinder, adjustable needle valve damper and collision braking valve are formed.It is characterized in that: have multistage auxiliary buffering damping radiator and needle-valve recoverable reserves, can the control system damping, thus can absorb impact kinetic energy effectively, and have the collision braking valve, can realize the emergency brake braking.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the scheme drawing of apparatus of the present invention.

Among the figure: 1-bumper/spoiler, 2, the 3-strut bar, 4-cross member of frame, 5-collides piston mandril, 6-master's crusherbull zone oil cylinder, 7-retracing spring, 8-collision brake control valve, 9-needle-valve, the auxiliary buffering of 10-cylinder cap, the multistage auxiliary cushion cylinder of 11-, 12-throttle plate, 13-vertebra platform damper piston, the 14-recoil spring, 15-support spring, 16-dust protection rubber sleeve pipe, the 17-projection, the 18-pin.

Device as shown in Figure 1, bumper/spoiler 1 vertically is supported on the cross member of frame 4 by

free bearing bar

2,3; The forward direction of bumper/spoiler supports, and by collision piston mandril 5, support spring 15, projection 17 and pin 18 combineds action, and is stretched on the crossbeam 4.Dust protection rubber ripple pipe box 16 is in order to the moving surface of protection push rod 5.The piston of collision push rod is contained in the host buffer oil cylinder 6, and retracing spring 7 is housed in the oil cylinder 6.Casing wall has oilhole, connects by oil circuit and braking valve 8 and auxiliary multi-buffer cylinder 11.On the auxiliary buffering cylinder cap 10 adjustable needle valve damper 9 is arranged, another adjustable needle valve damper 9 is at the other end of cylinder 11.Damper piston 13 end faces have the aperture of vertebra platform and damping orifice plate 12 to constitute the damping small gap, and its structure for amplifying scheme drawing as shown in Figure 3.Gap size is determined by spring force and oil pressure difference, is left the oil return gap usually.Total three-stage damping.Damped cylinder communicates with oil circuit another chamber with push rod 5 pistons.Whole device is made up of the symmetrical fully mechanism of two covers, and the effect of pin 18 is when angular impact, push rod 5 unlikely blocking, and bear side force.

The principle of work of device.When colliding, bumper/spoiler 1 compression spring 15, and promote piston mandril 5, thus make the oil in the oil cylinder 6 produce high pressure, pressure oil moves through the valve that pipeline promotes braking valve 8, thereby opens brake fluid line, realizes urgent self-actuating brake.Simultaneously high pressure oil flows through the slit of needle-valve 9, flows into buffering heat radiation cylinder 11 again after producing oily resistance and consuming, and by the gap of damping piston 13 and orifice plate 12, carries out multistage damping consumption in assistant cylinder, and damping heat is scattered and disappeared by the radiating gill of assistant cylinder 11.Oil after the damping is again by needle-valve 9 damping once more of assistant cylinder 11 oil revolving ends, forms then in the opposite side plunger shaft that low pressure oil flows back to piston mandril 5, thereby avoided the hard collision of rigidity bumper/spoiler.All convert impact kinetic energy to damping heat energy, the radiating gill outer by damped cylinder dissipates.When installing, the gap that can set up needle-valve 9, its structure for amplifying with total adjusting of realization system damping, thereby is realized safety collision as shown in Figure 3, and can field experiment.Thereby greatly reduce impact force, avoid the generation of life accident.Make automobile automatic brake owing to the servo-actuated braking valve simultaneously, thereby the car accident that some are produced owing to driver's maloperation plays the effect of self-actuating brake protection.The main function of needle-valve is: work as piston wear, or manufacturing errors is when excessive, and the gap of available adjustment needle-valve, the damping setting effect that the system that reaches is total, so the gap of each movement parts of system and each cylinder piston piece and accuracy of manufacture can reduce greatly.Also just because of needle-valve 9 can artificially be regulated, so this device is applied widely, thereby structure is can standard unified, need not to carry out special damper designs according to the type of different cars.After collision finishes, rely on

spring

7 and 15, piston mandril automatically resets, and oil slowly flows back to through each damping clearance, and braking valve relies on the spring force SELF CL simultaneously, thereby removes braking state, and total system automatically resets.

Fig. 2 is the embodiment of no special auxiliary buffering damped cylinder, and by needle-valve 9 setting, it has the characteristics of compact conformation, is applicable to dilly fully in its damping.19 is steel cable among the figure, and all the other titles are identical with Fig. 1.

Advantage of the present invention is: compact conformation, damping is adjustable, thus regardless of different kinds of vehicle, all can adopt the cylinder element of same size, standardization level height. Simultaneously manually adjustable owing to damping, the accuracy of manufacture of movement of cylinder block spare can reduce greatly, thus low cost of manufacture, and have the wear-compensating effect. Simultaneously, during collision, can realize immediately self-actuating brake, thereby prevent driver's subjectivity error, and realize safeguard protection. Owing to adopt the damping brake, and the resistance scope is big, thereby effectiveness in vibration suppression height. Adopt oil damping, safe and reliable.

Principal advantages of the present invention is: damping is adjustable, and damping can manually be set, and has a Multi-stage damping radiator structure, thereby essential part of the present invention can be used for the vibration damping of other any fierce impact occasions, the train hump collisional quenching of uncoupling for example, the left alone without help of steamer leans on, the red seat vibration isolation of impact device etc. This damping system is used for the vibration isolation of the suspension such as railway carriage, also has obvious superiority.

Apparatus of the present invention optimum is used for record racer, the high speed dolly uses, and also is applicable to general passenger-cargo automobile.

Claims

1, a kind of energy-obsorbing and damping bumper for car collision device, it is characterized in that: bumper/spoiler 1 is by free bearing bar 2,3, support spring 15, collision piston mandril 5, pin 18, projection 17 combineds action, and be stretched on the cross member of frame 4, the oil pocket of main crusherbull zone oil cylinder 6 communicates with braking valve 8 and multistage auxiliary assistant cylinder 11,9 two of adjustable needle valve dampers are equipped with at the two ends of multistage auxiliary cushion cylinder 11 respectively, and it is two nested structures that Damped structure is symmetrical distribution with the longitudinal direction of car axis of symmetry.

2, bumper system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adjustable needle valve damper and main crusherbull zone cylinder can constitute global facility, and link to each other with collision brake oil pressure valve.