CN105633502B - A kind of lithium ionic cell module can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling - Google Patents
A kind of lithium ionic cell module can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling Download PDFInfo
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- CN105633502B CN105633502B CN201410720694.6A CN201410720694A CN105633502B CN 105633502 B CN105633502 B CN 105633502B CN 201410720694 A CN201410720694 A CN 201410720694A CN 105633502 B CN105633502 B CN 105633502B
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- thermal runaway
- cell module
- ionic cell
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- end plate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The present invention is in relation to a kind of lithium ionic cell module can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling comprising：Monomer lithium ion battery, heat insulating mattress, end plate and heat-conducting system；Heat-conducting system includes thermally conductive sheet and hydroecium, and thermally conductive sheet is thermally contacted with hydroecium；Wherein, thermally conductive sheet, monomer lithium ion battery and heat insulating mattress fit together successively, and it is the heat insulating mattress to make the one side of wherein each monomer lithium ion battery, and another side is thermally conductive sheet；End plate is installed respectively at the both ends of above-mentioned package assembly, above-mentioned package assembly is compressed by end plate.The present invention compresses battery pack, the heat insulating mattress between battery and the efficiently setting of heat-conducting system by using positive pressing force, can achieve the purpose that inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, while this technical solution has no effect on the heat management of battery pack under accidental conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium ionic cell modules of technical field of lithium ion, can inhibit more particularly to one kind
The lithium ionic cell module of thermal runaway sprawling.
Background technology
Hybrid vehicle (Hybrid Electric Vehicle, abbreviation HEV) and pure electric automobile (peak
Envelope voltage, abbreviation PEV) it is sent out by supplementing rechargeable battery and replacing traditional internal combustion completely with rechargeable battery
Motivation (ICE) provides alternative solution for the conventional means of automobile motive power.Ni-MH battery, lead-acid battery, lithium wherein may be used
The various battery architectures such as polymer battery or lithium ion battery provide motive power and required power to HEV and PEV.At present,
The application prospect of lithium ion battery is the most good.
Lithium ion battery has a very high energy density, and using combustible organic solvent and organic salt as electrolyte, because
This is with some potential safety problems.Overcharge, overdischarge, overheat, mechanical presses, needle thorn and internal micro-short circuit etc. are likely to lead
Lithium ion battery thermal runaway is caused, causes burning or explosion accident, this has become what lithium ion battery was applied on electric vehicle
Significant obstacle.Battery management system (BMS) generally may be used in extraneous abuse (including electricity, heat, mechanical aspects), and firm
Battery case is protected.But inside battery can cause internal short-circuit accident, cause electricity due to defect caused by design or manufacturing process
Pond smolders, spontaneous combustion or explosion.And the thermal runaway of single lithium ion battery can pass to rapidly adjacent lithium ion battery.It is this
The probability of happening industry highest level of accident can be controlled in thousand a ten thousandths or so, this is for the power supply of common electronic products
It has been acceptable.But for the electric vehicle that each needs 100~10000 pieces of lithium ion batteries of installation, generally
Rate can be extended to millesimal level, this cannot receive.Therefore need to design a kind of lithium ion battery
Assembling mode avoids causing the thermal runaway of battery pack entirety or slows down thermal runaway significantly to inhibit the sprawling of this thermal runaway
Speed, to the escape time that occupant is enough.
The lithium ionic cell module of existing commercial applications, for example, wind (" Leaf ") use is listened in famous daily output
Aluminium alloy box packaging 2 and 2 strings little modules, can directly carry out series-parallel operation on the basis of this module, but it is without cold
But system does not consider the safeguard procedures under thermal runaway yet, it mainly by ensure single battery be perfectly safe with it is highly reliable
The strategy of property is realized；For another example, the battery module of general Chevrolet Volt extended-range hybrid electric vehicles, it uses flammable coolant liquid
Battery pack cooling is carried out, but its safeguard procedures under thermal runaway is also insufficient；For another example, patent publication No. CN103066313A is retouched
The battery module for a kind of corrugated fin with continuous bend stated, as shown in Figure 1, when thermal runaway occurs for its single battery
Also the sprawling of easy occurrence of large-area.
It can be seen that above-mentioned existing lithium ionic cell module is improved and is carried there are still having in terms of inhibiting thermal runaway sprawling
The space risen.
Invention content
In view of the defect present in the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind can inhibit thermal runaway
The lithium ionic cell module of sprawling makes it through orientation and applies pressing force, increases thermal insulation layer and heat-conducting mechanism between battery, and use
The coolant liquid of fire-retardant heat absorption can ensure not occurring quickly to spread when thermal runaway occurs for single battery, meet electric vehicle institute
The high security requirement needed.
To achieve the goals above, a kind of lithium ion battery can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling proposed according to the present invention
Module, including：Monomer lithium ion battery, heat insulating mattress, end plate and heat-conducting system；The heat-conducting system includes thermally conductive sheet and water
Room, the thermally conductive sheet are thermally contacted with the hydroecium；Wherein, the thermally conductive sheet, the monomer lithium ion battery and the heat insulating mattress
It fits together successively, it is the heat insulating mattress to make the one side of wherein each monomer lithium ion battery, and another side is described leads
Backing；The end plate is installed respectively at the both ends of above-mentioned package assembly, above-mentioned package assembly is compressed by the end plate.
The present invention also can be used following technical measures and further realize.
The lithium ionic cell module above-mentioned that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, further includes plastic frame, each monomer lithium
Ion battery 1 is fixed on a plastic frame.
The lithium ionic cell module above-mentioned that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, further includes lead screw, and the lead screw passes through above-mentioned group
The end plate at assembling structure both ends applies pressure to the end plate at above-mentioned package assembly both ends, compresses above-mentioned package assembly.
The lithium ionic cell module above-mentioned that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, further includes bandage, and the bandage passes through above-mentioned group
The end plate at assembling structure both ends applies pressure to the end plate at above-mentioned package assembly both ends, compresses above-mentioned package assembly.
The lithium ionic cell module above-mentioned that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, wherein the bandage is steel band or stainless steel band.
The lithium ionic cell module above-mentioned that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, wherein by the lead screw or the bandage to upper
The end plate for stating package assembly both ends applies the pressure of 0.01-5MPa.
The lithium ionic cell module above-mentioned that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, wherein the heat insulating mattress is according to different types of list
The security feature of body lithium ion battery selects the material and thickness of different fire resistance ratings, refractory temperature 150-1500 DEG C it
Between, thickness is between 0.1-10mm.
The lithium ionic cell module above-mentioned that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, wherein the hydroecium is installed on above-mentioned package assembly
Side, and explosion-proof relief valve is installed；The thermally conductive sheet is welding, is clamped or with bolt with the mode that thermally contacts of the hydroecium
It is fixedly connected.
The lithium ionic cell module above-mentioned that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, wherein cooling liquid in the hydroecium be water and
Mixed liquor, HFC classes organic liquid or the fluorination ketone organic liquid of ethylene glycol.
The lithium ionic cell module above-mentioned that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, wherein the lithium ionic cell module is also equipped with
Lug connection sheet and low voltage wiring harness.
The present invention has clear advantage and advantageous effect compared with prior art.By above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention
It is a kind of can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling lithium ionic cell module, at least have following advantages：
One, the present invention can inhibit the lithium ionic cell module of thermal runaway sprawling, by the design to structure and cooling system,
It can ensure in fever even thermal runaway feelings caused by the internal short-circuit caused by single battery manufacture or design defect
Under condition, heat will not be radiated out quickly；And utilize evaporative heat loss system by heat absorption simultaneously, it is finally reached inhibition heat and loses
Control the purpose of sprawling.
Two, the present invention can inhibit the lithium ionic cell module of thermal runaway sprawling, by the design to structure and cooling system,
It can ensure in the case of external electrical abuse, heat abuse or machinery abuse, to prevent the Quick Extended of local cell thermal runaway, give
Occupant is with sufficient security protection and enough escape times.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of the battery module of existing corrugated fin with continuous bend.
Fig. 2 is that a kind of decomposition of a preferred embodiment of the lithium ionic cell module that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling of the present invention is vertical
Body schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a kind of monomer lithium of a preferred embodiment of the lithium ionic cell module that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling of the present invention
Ion battery, heat insulating mattress, plastic frame and thermally conductive sheet assemble successively together with exploded perspective schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
It is of the invention to reach the technological means and effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taken further to illustrate, below in conjunction with
Attached drawing and preferred embodiment, to a kind of lithium ionic cell module can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling for proposing according to the present invention, it is specific
Embodiment, step, structure, feature and its effect are described in detail.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Fig. 2 is a kind of lithium ionic cell module can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling of the present invention
The exploded perspective schematic diagram of one preferred embodiment.Fig. 3 is a kind of lithium ionic cell module can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling of the present invention
A preferred embodiment monomer lithium ion battery, heat insulating mattress, plastic frame assembled successively with thermally conductive sheet together with decomposition
Stereoscopic schematic diagram.
A kind of lithium ionic cell module can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling of the present invention is mainly by monomer lithium ion battery 1, heat-insulated
Pad 2, end plate 7 and heat-conducting system composition.Wherein, heat-conducting system includes thermally conductive sheet 4 and hydroecium 6, and thermally conductive sheet 4 is thermally contacted with hydroecium 6.
Thermally conductive sheet 4, monomer lithium ion battery 1 and heat insulating mattress 2 fit together successively, make the one of wherein each monomer lithium ion battery 1
Face is heat insulating mattress 2, and another side is thermally conductive sheet 4.The present invention according to space and dynamical system it needs to be determined that installation thermally conductive sheet 4,
The quantity that monomer lithium ion battery 1 and heat insulating mattress 2 combine, to ensure the needs of voltage and capacity.The two of above-mentioned package assembly
End plate 7 is installed at end respectively, and above-mentioned package assembly is compressed by end plate 7.
As shown in figure 3, the lithium ionic cell module that the present invention can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling is additionally provided with plastic frame 3, each
Monomer lithium ion battery 1 is fixed on a plastic frame 3.
Wherein, the present invention a preferred embodiment in, end plate 7 compress above-mentioned package assembly be by lead screw 8 pass through it is upper
The end plate 7 for stating package assembly both ends applies pressure to realize to the end plate 7 at above-mentioned package assembly both ends.In the another of the present invention
In preferred embodiment, it is that the end plate 7 at above-mentioned package assembly both ends is passed through by bandage that end plate 7, which compresses above-mentioned package assembly, to upper
The end plate 7 for stating package assembly both ends applies pressure to realize, wherein bandage can be steel band or stainless steel band.The present invention passes through silk
Bar 8 or bandage apply the end plate 7 at above-mentioned package assembly both ends the pressure of 0.01-5MPa.
The heat insulating mattress 2 of the present invention selects different fire resistings etc. according to the security feature of different types of monomer lithium ion battery 1
The material and thickness of grade, refractory temperature is between 150-1500 DEG C, and thickness is between 0.1-10mm.
The hydroecium 6 of the present invention is installed on the side of above-mentioned package assembly, and is equipped with explosion-proof relief valve 11.Wherein, hydroecium 6
It is all manufactured for high conductivity material with thermally conductive sheet 4, thermally conductive sheet 4 is to weld, be clamped or consolidated with bolt with the mode that thermally contacts of hydroecium 6
Fixed connection.Cooling liquid in hydroecium 6 of the present invention is generally the wide liquid of use temperature range, such as the mixing of water and ethylene glycol
Liquid, HFC classes organic liquid or fluorination ketone organic liquid, wherein preferred fluorinated ketone organic liquid.What hydroecium 6 of the present invention was installed
Explosion-proof relief valve 11 releases pressure excessively high in hydroecium 6 from explosion-proof relief valve 11 when hydroecium 6 absorbs amount of heat, ensures
The safety of battery module.
As shown in Figure 1, the lithium ionic cell module that the present invention can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling is also equipped with lug connection sheet 10
And low voltage wiring harness 9.
It can inhibit what the lithium ionic cell module that thermal runaway is spread spread thermal runaway below by way of illustrating the present invention
Inhibiting effect.
Example one：A kind of lithium ionic cell module made of the present invention, size are 580 (length) * 170 (height) * 290mm
(width), total weight 45kg.It is gone here and there and is formed using 60Ah ferric phosphate lithium cells 2 and 12, plastic frame securing unit battery is used in combination.It adopts
Use A0 grades of fire resisting foams of 1.0mm thickness (temperature for being resistant to 250 DEG C) as heat insulating mattress, using the thick 6061 aluminium alloy plate conducts of 1.2mm
Thermally conductive sheet.Pressure at two ends is applied using double bandage forms, pressure 4000N.Hydroecium is used as using the Novec 1230 of 3M companies
Interior coolant liquid.Overcharge is implemented to the 3rd single battery of lithium ionic cell module, on the 2nd, 3,4 single battery surface
Temperature sensor is attached, it is 60A electric current constant-current charges to overcharge electric process, should when the 3rd monomer battery voltage rises to 30V
Single battery, which is smoldered, occurs thermal runaway, stops charging at this time.The temperature for detecting the 3rd single battery surface reaches 200 DEG C, and phase
The temperature on the 2nd, 4 adjacent single battery surface respectively reaches 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, and it is existing that on fire or explosion does not occur for whole process
As.
Example two：A kind of lithium ionic cell module made of the present invention, size are 600 (length) * 190 (height) * 270mm
(width), total weight 43kg.It is gone here and there and is formed using 20Ah ternarys system lithium cell 3 and 24, plastic frame securing unit battery is used in combination.It adopts
It uses A0 grades of refractory fiber cottons of 3.0mm thickness (temperature for being resistant to 600 DEG C) as heat insulating mattress, is made using thick 6061 aluminium alloy plates of 1.0mm
For thermally conductive sheet.Pressure at two ends is applied using lead screw form, pressure 3000N.Hydroecium is used as using the Novec 1230 of 3M companies
Interior coolant liquid.Overcharge is implemented to the 3rd single battery of lithium ionic cell module, on the 2nd, 3,4 single battery surface
Temperature sensor is attached, it is 20A electric current constant-current charges to overcharge electric process, should when the 3rd monomer battery voltage rises to 18V
Single battery, which is smoldered, occurs thermal runaway, stops charging at this time.The temperature for detecting the 3rd single battery surface is up to 450 DEG C,
And the temperature highest on the adjacent 2nd, 4 single battery surface respectively reaches 130 DEG C, 125 DEG C, whole process does not occur on fire or quick-fried
Fried phenomenon.
The present invention applies positive pressing force by end plate to battery pack, and internal battery pack thermal runaway part can be hindered to oxygen
The absorption of gas delays the reaction speed of thermal runaway；By the setting of battery interval heat pad, the heat of fever battery cell can be hindered
Amount is quickly to the diffusion of adjacent cell；By efficiently heat-conducting system, the amount of heat that thermal runaway generates can be passed through heat conduction
Piece exports immediately, and gasifiable fire-retardant organic liquid is allowed to absorb, to achieve the purpose that inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, while this technology
Scheme does not influence the heat management of battery pack under accidental conditions also.
Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, it is so not limited to the range that the present invention is implemented, foundation
Simple equivalent changes and modifications, still fall within technical solution of the present invention made by claims of the present invention and description
In range.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of lithium ionic cell module can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, it is characterised in that it includes：Monomer lithium ion battery
(1), heat insulating mattress (2), end plate (7) and heat-conducting system；The heat-conducting system includes thermally conductive sheet (4) and hydroecium (6), the thermally conductive sheet
(4) it is thermally contacted with the hydroecium (6)；Wherein, the thermally conductive sheet (4), the monomer lithium ion battery (1) and the heat insulating mattress
(2) it fits together successively, it is the heat insulating mattress (2), another side to make the one side of wherein each monomer lithium ion battery (1)
For the thermally conductive sheet (4)；The end plate (7) is installed respectively at the both ends of above-mentioned package assembly, by the end plate (7) compression
State package assembly.
2. the lithium ionic cell module according to claim 1 that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, it is characterised in that it further includes
Plastic frame (3), each monomer lithium ion battery (1) are fixed on a plastic frame (3).
3. the lithium ionic cell module according to claim 1 that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, it is characterised in that it further includes
Lead screw (8), the lead screw (8) passes through the end plate (7) at above-mentioned package assembly both ends, described in above-mentioned package assembly both ends
End plate (7) applies pressure, compresses above-mentioned package assembly.
4. the lithium ionic cell module according to claim 1 that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, it is characterised in that it further includes
Bandage, the bandage passes through the end plate (7) at above-mentioned package assembly both ends, to the end plate at above-mentioned package assembly both ends
(7) apply pressure, compress above-mentioned package assembly.
5. the lithium ionic cell module according to claim 4 that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, it is characterised in that wherein described
Bandage is steel band or stainless steel band.
6. the lithium ionic cell module according to claim 3 that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, it is characterised in that wherein pass through
The lead screw (8) applies the end plate (7) at above-mentioned package assembly both ends the pressure of 0.01-5MPa.
7. the lithium ionic cell module according to claim 4 that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, it is characterised in that wherein pass through
The bandage applies the end plate (7) at above-mentioned package assembly both ends the pressure of 0.01-5MPa.
8. the lithium ionic cell module according to claim 1 that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, it is characterised in that wherein described
The refractory temperature of heat insulating mattress (2) is between 150-1500 DEG C, and thickness is between 0.1-10mm.
9. the lithium ionic cell module according to claim 1 that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, it is characterised in that wherein described
Hydroecium (6) is installed on the side of above-mentioned package assembly, and is equipped with explosion-proof relief valve (11)；The thermally conductive sheet (4) and the water
The thermo-contact mode of room (6) is welding, clamping or is fixedly connected with bolt.
10. the lithium ionic cell module according to claim 1 that can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling, it is characterised in that wherein described
Cooling liquid in hydroecium (6) is the mixed liquor, HFC classes organic liquid or fluorination ketone organic liquid of water and ethylene glycol.
11. it is according to claim 1 can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling lithium ionic cell module, it is characterised in that the lithium from
Sub- battery module is also equipped with lug connection sheet (10) and low voltage wiring harness (9).
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| CN201410720694.6A CN105633502B (en) | 2014-12-01 | 2014-12-01 | A kind of lithium ionic cell module can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling |
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| CN201410720694.6A CN105633502B (en) | 2014-12-01 | 2014-12-01 | A kind of lithium ionic cell module can inhibit thermal runaway sprawling |
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| CN105633502A CN105633502A (en) | 2016-06-01 |
| CN105633502B true CN105633502B (en) | 2018-11-09 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105895843B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-06-22 | 广州益维电动汽车有限公司 | A kind of intelligent lithium ion battery modules |
| CN106803608A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-06-06 | 蔚来汽车有限公司 | Battery modules and new-energy automobile |
| CN106532177B (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of assembly element for radiating for battery system and thermal runaway being prevented to propagate |
| CN106328855B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-06-04 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack and battery module |
| CN108110376A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-01 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七二研究所） | A kind of fire-retardant cooling type lithium ionic cell module |
| CN108448025A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-08-24 | 华霆（合肥）动力技术有限公司 | Base batteries unit and battery modules |
| CN110323380A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-10-11 | 上海航天电源技术有限责任公司 | A kind of float type fire-type ferric phosphate lithium cell group system and its charging method |
| CN114649606B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-02 | 苏州睿锂物联科技有限公司 | Battery management safety protection system with heat restraines |
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