CN105632463A

CN105632463A - Environmental protection Huqin

Info

Publication number: CN105632463A
Application number: CN201410599707.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许昌义
Original assignee: 许昌义
Current assignee: Ding Jiaojiao
Priority date: 2014-10-31
Filing date: 2014-10-31
Publication date: 2016-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2034-10-31
Also published as: CN105632463B

Abstract

The environmental protection Huqin has the following characteristics: A. the side surface of the Huqin has an echo channel that can generate an echo resonance effect; on the other hand, the echo channel can reflect a sound wave in the cylinder of the Huqin, and the sound wave is overlapped with a sound wave from the membrane at the front side of the tone window, which makes the tone quality better; B. the Huqin has a spiral reverberator; a spiral guide vane is set inside the cylinder; the spiral guide vane can change the direction, length, time and pressure of the sound wave inside the cylinder; and the spiral reverberator can make a sound at the low and middle part of the Huqin more deep; C. the membrane is made of composite material with inside paved with fiber cloth; the surface of the fiber cloth is formed by resin; and the membrane surface is covered with tinsel; D. as to a three-piece Huqin Qianjin, the Huqin Qianjin comprises a draw rack, an inner pad and a stretching strap; the string is sleeved into a string hook on the draw rack; a stretching strap passes through a strap ring on the draw rack and is winded onto the rod; the inner pad is made of elastic material; a Qianjin is used between the string and the hook so make tone quality close to the tone quality pressed by human finger.

Description

Environmental protection Chinese fiddle

Technical field

The present invention relates to chord crying musical instrument, especially " environmental protection Chinese fiddle ", mainly to traditional Chinese fiddle, for instance, urheen, jinghu, bowed stringed instrument with a thin wooden soundboard etc. are bent hair is the wiping stringed musical instrument being clipped between interior exterior string, innovation in its structure and improvement.

Background technology

Chinese fiddle is the wiping stringed musical instrument in the most classical national musical instruments, it has many parts to need nonetheless remain for the design of further science, qin cylinder is the critical component of Chinese fiddle pronunciation, at present, the sound window of common Chinese fiddle is all after qin film, and the sound wave in qin cylinder mainly transmits backward, and sound window is parallel with qin film, the angle of the angle of sound window normal and qin embrane method line equal to 0 degree, channel of acoustic wave be one straight. Chinese Patent Application No.: application number: 03245160.1 1 kinds of bowed stringed instruments with a thin wooden soundboard, because its back is closed, sound hole is opened on panel, the angle of the sound window sound window normal of this patent application and the angle of qin embrane method line are equal to 180 degree, but not having special echo passage, what the sound fenestra on panel reduced qin film effectively vibrates area. Chinese Patent Application No.: 201110316836.9 " phase-inverted urheen toning devices ", at the rear of qin cylinder equipped with reflecting plate, so that the sound wave homophase of the anti-phase sound wave phase shift of the low frequency of vibrating diaphragm back side radiant 180 �� and head-on radiation, increase listening both sound points homophase superposition amplitude. This patent application design is very characteristic, but does not have special echo passage, and anti-phase sound wave is scattering, and direction does not have restrained, and acoustic wave energy does not concentrate loss bigger. It addition, be all empty inside the qin cylinder of common Chinese fiddle, the qin cylinder of this cavity body structure, pronunciation is also relatively hollow, can install a kind of reverberator that can strengthen resonating effect inside qin cylinder completely. Also have common Chinese fiddle be all mostly with multi-turn around cord as very heavy, make relatively time consuming trouble. In Hong Kong, philharmonic society adopts PET mylar replacement boa leather to make Chinese fiddle now, is well begun for environmental protection Chinese fiddle, but also has the material of more better synthetic can substitute boa skin, and its modulus is bigger, and performance is better.

Summary of the invention

In order to further improve the performance of Chinese fiddle, enriching the series of products of Chinese fiddle, the present invention provides a kind of environmental protection Chinese fiddle, tries hard to, by the improvement to Chinese fiddle parts, make sound of musical instrument more melodious, makes more scientific, and kind is more, assembles more convenient.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:1.Environmental protection Chinese fiddle, including qin cylinder, qin film, qin bar, Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument, qin cylinder is arranged on below qin bar, it is characterized in that: there is echo passage qin cylinder side, and the cavity of qin cylinder is exactly whole channel of acoustic wave plus echo passage, and channel of acoustic wave corner is more than 90 degree.2.Environmental protection Chinese fiddle, including qin cylinder, qin bar, qin cylinder is arranged on below qin bar, it is characterized in that: have spiral reverberator in qin cylinder, and spiral reverberator has at least a spiral stator.3.Environmental protection Chinese fiddle, including qin cylinder, qin film, it has been stained with qin film at qin nozzle, it is characterized in that: qin film fiber cloth is made, fiber cloth surface resin or plastics setting, the material of fiber cloth is carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber or metallic fiber, the number of plies >=1 layer of qin film, qin film surface or be covered with metal forming.4.Environmental protection Chinese fiddle, including Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument, one end of Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument is enclosed within qin bar, the other end of Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument holds string, it is characterized in that: Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument by trying to stop people from fighting each other, interior pad and drawstring form, there is string hook the one end tried to stop people from fighting each other, the other end has band, interior pad is in string hook, and interior pad is to make of flexible material, and drawstring makes by two-sided VELCRO.5.Environmental protection Chinese fiddle, including qin cylinder, qin film, qin bar, Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument, is characterized in that: there is echo passage qin cylinder side, and the cavity of qin cylinder is exactly whole channel of acoustic wave plus echo passage, channel of acoustic wave corner 180 degree; There is spiral reverberator in qin cylinder, spiral reverberator has 6 spiral stators; Qin film glass fabric is made, and fiber cloth surface resin shapes, and the number of plies of qin film is 2 layers, and qin film surface is covered with metal forming. Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument by trying to stop people from fighting each other, interior pad and drawstring form, there is string hook the one end tried to stop people from fighting each other, and the other end has band.

A. with echo passage on Chinese fiddle, also can claim this Chinese fiddle is echo Chinese fiddle, its sound window and qin film are towards same direction, by echo passage by the acoustic reflection in qin cylinder out, superpose with the sound wave of sound window qin film in the same direction so that Chinese fiddle volume increases, tone color is fine, echo passage is equivalent to the straight sound passage of common Chinese fiddle along long, so the sympathetic response that sound wave is in qin cylinder is different, tone color is also different. B. with spiral reverberator in qin cylinder, it is possible to claiming this Chinese fiddle is spiral reverberation type Chinese fiddle, because being provided with spiral stator in qin cylinder, spiral stator can change sound wave direction in qin cylinder, length, time, pressure, spiral reverberator can make the sound of low middle position of Chinese fiddle more abundant. C. qin film is composite, and internal tiling has fiber cloth, and fiber cloth can be greatly improved the mechanical property of material, and fiber cloth surface resin shapes, and qin film surface can be covered with metal forming, can increase intensity on the one hand, can make some metal sound of Chinese fiddle band on the other hand. D. three-piece Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument, is inserted in the string hook on trying to stop people from fighting each other by string during use, drawstring passes the band on trying to stop people from fighting each other, and further around to qin bar, interior pad adopts property material, can close to the tone color of staff finger pressure string. Four improvement above are the relations being mutually juxtaposed, and environmental protection Chinese fiddle at least to select one of them parts to improve in a manner described.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the feature of environmental protection Chinese fiddle: A. Chinese fiddle side, with echo passage, can produce echo resonating effect. On the other hand, echo passage by the acoustic reflection in qin cylinder out, superposes with the sound wave of sound window front qin film so that Chinese fiddle tone color is better. B. with spiral reverberator on Chinese fiddle, being provided with spiral stator in qin cylinder, spiral stator can change sound wave direction in qin cylinder, length, the time, pressure, and spiral reverberator can make the sound of low middle position of Chinese fiddle more abundant. C. qin film is composite, and internal tiling has fiber cloth, and fiber cloth surface resin shapes, and qin film surface is covered with metal forming. D. three-piece Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument, Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument by trying to stop people from fighting each other, interior pad and drawstring three form, string is inserted in the string hook on trying to stop people from fighting each other, drawstring passes the band on trying to stop people from fighting each other, further around to qin bar, interior pad employing property material, between string and hook, can make the very heavy tone color pushing down string closer to finger.

Accompanying drawing illustrates that the present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples,

In figure, 1. qin cylinder, 2. echo tube, 3. qin nozzle, 4. echo sound window, 5. echo intercommunicating pore, 6. qin bar jack, 7. spiral stator, 8. spiral stator seat, 9. try to stop people from fighting each other, 10. in pad, 11. drawstrings, 12. string hooks, 13. open slots, 14. bands, 15 qin bars, 16. very heavy, 17. qin films, 18. high sound holes.

Detailed description of the invention: Fig. 1 echo formula qin cylinder schematic three dimensional views, in figure, with echo tube 2, there is qin nozzle 3 on qin cylinder 1 side before qin cylinder 1, qin film is mounted in herein. Echo tube 2 is arranged at qin cylinder 1 bottom, and there is echo window 4 front end of echo tube 2, and as the sound window of qin cylinder, sound wave thus spreads out of. Echo intercommunicating pore 5 can make echo tube 2 communicate with the cavity of qin cylinder 1, and the qin bar jack 6 on qin cylinder 1 is installed qin bar and used.

Fig. 2 echo formula qin cylinder partly cuts open schematic diagram, and in order to the qin cylinder in Fig. 1 is better described, the form that Fig. 2 partly cuts open illustrates, and, with echo passage, there is qin nozzle 3 on qin cylinder 1 side before qin cylinder 1. Echo tube 2 is arranged at the bottom of qin cylinder 1 leading portion, and there is echo window 4 front end of echo tube 2. Echo tube 2 can be made to communicate with the cavity of qin cylinder 1, from echo intercommunicating pore 5 through echo tube 2 rear end, whole cavity to echo sound window 4 is called echo passage, the cavity of qin cylinder 1 is plus the whole channel of acoustic wave that echo passage is exactly Chinese fiddle, and the qin bar jack 6 on qin cylinder 1 is installed qin bar and used. In figure, qin vibration of membrane sound wave A, after qin cylinder 1, echo intercommunicating pore 5 and echo tube 2, complete 180 degree and turn to, the echo sound wave B of formation. If using the A normal direction as qin nozzle 3 planar central, B is as the normal direction of echo window 4 planar central, in legend, the normal of qin nozzle 3 planar central is equal to 180 degree with the angle of the normal of echo window 4 planar central, namely channel of acoustic wave corner is 180 degree, sound wave turns to 180 degree in channel of acoustic wave, the complete paraphase of sound wave is come, and this qin cylinder can be described as inverted phase type qin cylinder, and inverted phase type qin cylinder is a special case of echo qin cylinder. An echo tube and echo sound window can be set the right and left of qin cylinder is each respectively for big bass Chinese fiddle.

Fig. 3 Chinese fiddle spiral reverberator schematic diagram, in figure: have qin bar jack 6 above the spiral stator seat 8 of Chinese fiddle spiral reverberator, also has five spiral stators 7 on spiral stator seat 8. Legend is with a cylindrical outer surface as spiral stator seat 8. Lead angle >=0 degree of spiral stator 7, the more big bass effect of angle is more good.

Fig. 4 spiral mixed-flow Chinese fiddle schematic diagram, in figure, the centre in qin cylinder 1 is provided with Chinese fiddle spiral reverberator, qin cylinder 1 is integrally fixed on qin bar, qin bar is also through the qin bar jack 6 above the spiral stator seat 8 of spiral reverberator simultaneously, spiral reverberator is fixed on the centre of qin cylinder 1, so the spiral stator 7 on spiral stator seat 8 is also fixed, and spiral stator 7 can change the characteristic of sound wave, has good reverberation effect.

Fig. 5 partly cuts open schematic diagram with the qin cylinder of echo passage and spiral reverberator, is add spiral reverberator in the echo formula qin cylinder in Fig. 1 in Fig. 5 example, and, with echo passage, there is qin nozzle 3 qin cylinder 1 side before qin cylinder 1. Echo tube 2 is arranged at the bottom of qin cylinder 1 leading portion, and there is echo window 4 front end of echo tube 2. There is echo intercommunicating pore 5 rear end of echo tube 2, and echo intercommunicating pore 5 communicates with the rear chamber of qin cylinder 1, and the qin bar jack 6 on qin cylinder 1 is installed qin bar and used. Spiral stator 7 is integrally fixed on spiral stator seat 8, is as spiral stator seat 8 in legend with the inner surface of qin cylinder 1.

Fig. 6 is with the qin cylinder forward schematic diagram of echo passage and spiral reverberator. Being from the view of Qin Mo direction forward projection in Fig. 6 example by the qin cylinder in Fig. 5, can more clearly see the form of spiral reverberator in qin cylinder, with echo passage, there is qin nozzle 3 qin cylinder 1 side before qin cylinder 1. Echo tube 2 is arranged at the bottom of qin cylinder 1, and there is echo window 4 front end of echo tube 2. There is echo intercommunicating pore 5 rear end of echo tube 2, and echo intercommunicating pore 5 communicates with the rear chamber of qin cylinder 1, and the qin bar jack 6 on qin cylinder 1 is installed qin bar and used. Spiral stator 7 is integrally fixed on spiral stator seat 8, has six spiral stators to be distributed on the inner surface of qin cylinder 1 in legend.

Fig. 7 is the channel of acoustic wave corner echo formula qin cylinder schematic diagram more than 90 degree, and the angle Q of the normal of the normal of qin nozzle 3 planar central and echo window 4 planar central is more than 90 degree, in figure, qin cylinder 1, qin nozzle 3, echo tube 2, echo window 4, echo intercommunicating pore 5, qin bar jack 6. qin vibration of membrane sound wave A, echo sound wave B. Fig. 7 is using qin rod aperture axis as Y-axis, using qin vibration of membrane sound wave A direction as X-axis, the resonance chamber of Chinese fiddle sectional view in the plane of X and Y. A is as the inside vibration sound wave direction of qin film, and B is as echo sound wave direction. also can using the A normal direction as qin nozzle 3 planar central, B is as the normal direction of echo window 4 planar central, the angle Q of the normal direction of the normal direction of qin nozzle 3 planar central and echo window 4 planar central is more than 90 degree, namely the angle Q of vibration sound wave direction A and the echo sound wave outwardly direction B that qin film is inside is more than 90 degree, in figure, angle Q refers to that the inside vibration sound wave of qin film is fed back into again echo window 4 through echo tube 2 and outwards propagates the angle turned over, can be described as echo corner Q, echo corner Q is more than 90 degree, the size of echo corner Q is relevant to the size turned to of echo tube 2. the angle of the normal of traditional Urheen nozzle planar central and the normal at sound window plane center is 0 degree, as long as angle Q just has echo sound wave back projection in X-axis of part more than 90 degree, reverse with vibration sound wave A. qin cylinder in Fig. 7 is a kind of form that echo passage is the shortest and the smallest.

Fig. 8 is the channel of acoustic wave corner echo formula qin cylinder schematic diagram more than 180 degree, and the angle of the normal of the normal of qin nozzle 3 planar central and echo window 4 planar central is more than 180 degree, in figure, qin cylinder 1, qin nozzle 3, echo tube 2, echo window 4, echo intercommunicating pore 5, qin bar jack 6. Qin vibration of membrane sound wave A, echo sound wave B. In figure, from echo intercommunicating pore 5 through echo tube 2 rear end, whole cavity to echo sound window 4 is called echo passage, and the cavity of qin cylinder is exactly whole channel of acoustic wave plus echo passage. Echo window 4 after turning over 180 degree more upwardly so that the angle of the normal of the normal of qin nozzle 3 planar central and echo window 4 planar central is more than 180 degree. Refer to the inside vibration sound wave of qin film turned over 180 angles after again backspace propagate. It is because the channel of acoustic wave corner of this structure more than 180 degree. If obtaining different echo effects, can pass through during design to control, the corner of echo tube 2 and echo window 4 are from the distance of qin nozzle 3 distance, can be set acho the size at angle of inclination of window 4, being controlled by the angle of the normal of qin nozzle 3 planar central Yu the normal of echo window 4 planar central to the angle needed, the angle of channel of acoustic wave also can more than 360 degree, for instance qin cylinder is designed as Carnis Rapanae thomasianae shape, its channel of acoustic wave is individual spiral, and the corner of its channel of acoustic wave is more than 360 degree.

The schematic diagram of trying to stop people from fighting each other of Fig. 9 Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument, figure is Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument try to stop people from fighting each other 9, try to stop people from fighting each other 9 one end have string hook 12 and open slot 13, try to stop people from fighting each other 9 the other end have band 14.

Figure 10 three-piece Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument schematic diagram, in figure, three-piece Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument by trying to stop people from fighting each other 9, interior pad 10 and drawstring 11 form, drawstring 11 is enclosed within qin bar, the hook on 9 of trying to stop people from fighting each other hooks string to be used, and trying to stop people from fighting each other is make of rigid material, and interior pad 10 is to make of elastomeric material, interior pad 10, between string and hook, imitates staff finger pressure string. This three-piece Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument is possible not only to fast and easy and installs, and also can slide up and down easily, is conducive to making the modified tone Chinese fiddle of stock. Interior pad 10 is to make of flexible material, and drawstring 11 makes by two-sided VELCRO.

Figure 11 environmental protection Chinese fiddle scheme of installation, in figure, qin cylinder 1 is inserted into below qin bar 15, and the middle part of qin bar 15 is cased with very heavy 16. qin cylinder 1 is echo Chinese fiddle cylinder, at qin cylinder 1 below with echo passage, qin nozzle is had before qin cylinder 1, qin nozzle is flat against qin film 17, qin film 17 is flat to be bonded on qin nozzle, qin film 17 plastics or resin, its internal tiling has the fibrous material being made into cloth-like, fibrous material is carbon fiber, qin film surface is covered with metal forming, metal forming can increase intensity on the one hand, the existing high-grade Chinese fiddle effect with metallic sound can be reached on the one hand, in Figure 11, though adopting one side to cover the copper glass mat qin film effect as Chinese fiddle less than carbon fiber board, but also there is the tone color of oneself uniqueness. spiral stator is had in qin cylinder 1, the same with the spiral stator within the qin cylinder in Fig. 5. the drawstring of very heavy 16 is enclosed within qin bar, is three-piece Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument, and by trying to stop people from fighting each other, interior pad and drawstring form. high sound hole 18 is directly communicated to the inner chamber of qin cylinder 1, and the high pitch sensitivity of Chinese fiddle can be made to improve, and high sound hole 18 plays the effect of high pitch sound window, and echo sound window is good to bass effect, has two kinds of sound windows simultaneously and can play the effect of complementation.

Claims

1. environmental protection Chinese fiddle, including qin cylinder, qin film, qin bar, Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument, qin cylinder is arranged on below qin bar, it is characterized in that: there is echo passage qin cylinder side, and the cavity of qin cylinder is exactly whole channel of acoustic wave plus echo passage, and channel of acoustic wave corner is more than 90 degree.

2. environmental protection Chinese fiddle, including qin cylinder, qin bar, qin cylinder is arranged on below qin bar, it is characterized in that: have spiral reverberator in qin cylinder, and spiral reverberator has at least a spiral stator.

3. environmental protection Chinese fiddle, including qin cylinder, qin film, it has been stained with qin film at qin nozzle, it is characterized in that: qin film fiber cloth is made, fiber cloth surface resin or plastics setting, the material of fiber cloth is carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber or metallic fiber, the number of plies >=1 layer of qin film, qin film surface or be covered with metal forming.

4. environmental protection Chinese fiddle, including Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument, one end of Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument is enclosed within qin bar, the other end of Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument holds string, it is characterized in that: Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument by trying to stop people from fighting each other, interior pad and drawstring form, there is string hook the one end tried to stop people from fighting each other, the other end has band, interior pad is in string hook, and interior pad is to make of flexible material, and drawstring makes by two-sided VELCRO.

5. environmental protection Chinese fiddle, including qin cylinder, qin film, qin bar, Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument, is characterized in that: there is echo passage qin cylinder side, and the cavity of qin cylinder is exactly whole channel of acoustic wave plus echo passage, channel of acoustic wave corner 180 degree;

There is spiral reverberator in qin cylinder, spiral reverberator has 6 spiral stators;

Qin film glass fabric is made, and fiber cloth surface resin shapes, and the number of plies of qin film is 2 layers, and qin film surface is covered with metal forming;

Anchoring device for strings of Huqin-two-stringed bowed instrument by trying to stop people from fighting each other, interior pad and drawstring form, there is string hook the one end tried to stop people from fighting each other, and the other end has band.